'ij_i-la Lllir§lfl.i)i“l‘l£
ueuanoeotsiobforinoreiiian
Choose
for the elegant
BAGS
Elegant Accessories
For example —
Fall Fashions
‘suit of cultural :organized for a minority outside
‘from more primitive conditions to
jintcgratcd part of scnondary edu-
yeur uni they can contrive to ihzratiate ghuunselvea with the inn- orl of the
Educational _ ratepayers. Bush do not encourage tho
Problem Stressed m mam
. to enter a at“ “ mflm At Convention :.“E“‘”‘ "‘ ‘
Ir-regularities in the Appointment of ueaclierl
Undo t ten the r our péesen 3: mm
The rouawinc paper on "10 larger Unit of Administration was read by Supervisor W901“! 3‘ me a recent Teacher’-ii CODVGI"-1°“ 1“ a very haphazard affair. ‘n-ustees. °’ii"‘£”..m‘”“§ung increasingly eva "u““....l.'.‘.”‘ ‘u‘:..f“’...‘-.:“i."..".‘*’...‘l£..2li*
. ‘ ca , so - den/t that the 51111111 ECHO“ 0|” l°“‘-l ljc methods of selectl . and their cilsglct gfitcgn or choice is too often influenced by
ra on can a .
L2: P“...‘.d°,°“':.“'rr.:.:;:‘:'.$.:.’:“X.t Ii 6 n e ‘, teacher training. in methods teaching and in curricula building 3?-twfrom an adr1:iini.;tr:.tlve1o“I;0lgIelt ew progress as o n s - cause new developments in edu- cwtlon are stopped short by a small district system unable to rovide either the financial or - instru- tlvie machinery to pu these ideas m'r9iirmmy'tiai it 1 th t e essen un n e presen set—up is the small school district which has full control in leyymg and collecting assessments, hiring and firing teachers and dete:mln- ing in large measure much of our ,educational progress. ']:‘his_ system yivas well adapted to conditions in jC3l‘ifi«Cl& in the 19th century when :_the boundaries of school districts to }l‘)_e1ddefined_It.;y the belegs‘ of e Cl ren. e sys m or- ‘mulated in 1838 with the aim placiziz a school within walking distance of every chfld was a ‘sold lstep forward in the hlstozy of the ‘equalization of educational oppor- :tunity. It was desigiwd to give the i“to0ls of education" to a people living in scattered units: but tre- mendous changes have taken place within the past hundred ,\'oars—«~lianges of great social and geconomic slrmificance and our be modified to meet these chanced conditions. Slnge their‘) education llms grown to e muc_ more than literacy and is not something that ends after five or six years in
sohool. It is now conceived as a .contlnuous and comprehensive pro- cess and it involves a. curriculum ‘designed not just to educate a .part of the mind but to develop mind, body, imagination and emo- ‘tions and to prepare the individ-
enoed or inexperienced, agai wishes of the majority of the rate- payers in the district and in de- fiance of the official records of the Devpurtmem oi‘ Educaum.
Lack of Economy
If we define economy as "the achievement of a des red result with a minimum of effort," the small unit system is seriously lacking in economy. Scotland car- ries out her educational business of 5,000,000 peo is with 36 school boards. By con rast Nova Scotia with a tenth of the population has 1,750 school boatds managed Jy over 5,000 officials. The proportion is even higher on Prince Edwa Island. The financial picture of these many small sections is of the "patchwork quilt" variety. Secre- taries‘ allowances, auditors’ fees. bank charges on small accounts. small scale buying and a lack of standaxdimtion of equipment are all avenues of waste. In 1938 in Prince Edward Island over 30 dis- tricts had fewer than ten pupils enrolled per district. Not only are such sect ons a financial disadvan- tage but they are incu able meeting the needs of mo crn edu- cation. Group activities in work and play are impossible in such. schools and the experience of group life that forms such an im- portant rt of the training for citizensh p is missed.
Local Opposition
A certain amount, of opposition
,ual for civic and economic citizen- to the Larger Unit is inevitable. ‘ship. Under pioneer conditions The chief stronghold of opposi there was little time for the pur- to school reorganization has always
subjects. What been among school trustees secondary education exlstcd was
local authority and the opportun- ity which trusteeship offered local influence. It is claimed that the new undemocratic direction of totalitarianism. Now a condition essential to democracy is equality of opportunity. Our
the school district. The change for our complex social and industrial society has created a demand for a wide variety of vocational train- ing. Vocational training as an
scheme is th
who i were unwilling to relinquish their 1113” mfichme 3”" employed “'5 “I
frequently
Our New Fall Purses have arrived. Genuine Leathers in Morocco, Suede and Calf. They have expensive looking novelty gold-colored frames-—slide fastners — attractive fittings! Colors-—Black, Navy, Brown, Green, Wine and Port Brown. Prices $1.50, $1.95, $2.95 and $3.95. Buy Now ! l
Perfect Gloves
Suedes in the richest of shades. Devil Rod,
'mtion cmmot be oruanizcd except lln terms of the larger unit
l Changed Conditions ‘ In earlier times there was a fair mcasure of c-qualitv of wéaltsh be- tween svctlons. The ro= it of placing the responsibility for edu- ‘cation upon the districts them- selves meant that a standard of rducation was inalntained that would not have been possible imdcr a more centralized system. ‘But great chanzrs have taken place since both in the distribu-
ptesent system wiilch is incompe- tent to provide equality of educa- tional opportunity and incapable of distributing the cost of educa- tion a.mong citizens according to their ability to pay can hardly be regarded as democratic in prin- ciple. Larger Unit AdministIra- tlon will not lessen but rather in- crease the application of democra- tic principles. Democracy func- tions most lzrufy when "the people" are best served. when was found that the highways WO’\Ildi best serve the people by taking‘. the r.=spcrisibillly for their main-
tion of wealth and in school pop- tenance from the small local area
'l‘()_\\{.~i
_ u'U_.~\‘._{l)iA.\'
Fully Trained Faster Moving
. . Mu:-rs M. 0.
W1-xv-la Sialiyllvrlier
'me outbreak of war has crea- abnormal conditions with res '3 armed I N1
001111
a oond tlon va.s chfi mm
in which the mllll-13
Modern Armies’
. fl t tmos-I easy and iiidl eren a ’ the:
navy and the air force have had to ' exist heretofore.
ur-gone th non- pe1‘II‘;lrB.!I'l)gl:‘l(l«nll§|a1llllR8 Bsubecoiiie thel
there years the torch of soldierlnfl W35:
1
called out and instruc ens given B M d I them to recruit to 11111 slre 1 a o e S This applies to the three arms ed m’ '°"1°°' mm permmem in Various and models non- permanent. That training will be lengthy. Pl°'~ th Evemdl’ can be no doubt. In recanti Al!‘ O81 B t-
carried by only a few enthusiastic _ souls. Little of a serious naturehwas Odflglhtil Ogleg’ D017‘-1spec_ attempted ,und even in the U80 ‘ mly Price‘-3 Emh_ ap ropriations for mlllulfy P11199595. ‘ vo since 1936 by Parliament. 310 amount doled out to the militia was 1 '3 meagre trickle. , . 1 Undscourazed. h<I)1w:.-Iver. IIIEIIIKY -
t ' i iti ' e on. 3
egzlftriolw, 333 $32 the backbone several well known
the active service force. In eneral the strength rd of their normal peace
cruitlng now. lces, means the constitution of
an officer framewor ally no other personnel
become speeded up by mechani-La fantry are the "shock aries relating to aerial an artlller
operations are finished. have to 8 in and meet the enemy's lnmntr
land decide the issue, in spite of al
’the developments which have feat 'ured the
man in that respect
infantry weapon. has a value all its important t of the in antryman's training the co-ordination or his own op-
own, and a su remely
of unltll for w loh training monies were vot- 311‘ was roughly from a quarter tbs“: establishment. Because of that. l‘€'| in numerous instan- an entirely new unit, since the recruits will ordinarily outnumber the ex- rienced men. Not a few units ex- ted on paper. equl ped only with and practic-
Little change will be‘ made in the training of the infantry, although of infantry tactics $3
on, mndamentally, however, the in-
troops." the fellows who, after all the relimin-
past two decades, none has i “on altered the position of the infantry-
The niachinc—gun; particularly the
models at Substantial Savings. Didi -
23.00
encom-
T—— Don't Miss The Latest l ‘ W a r N ews l
tic.
M Get Your Radio At A Big Saving " During This clearance Sale
Electric Models
Reconditioned and 1-Qgdy ,0 bring
Y 0
-1
I
Every Set Reconditioned—Get Yours Early !‘
A complete stock or
Eveready Batteries and Air Cells, Exide Storage Batteries, Tubes and Parts.
:.".“.l"l‘lij.l,.l-F‘ ‘,«\ ,,..
YOU R00d recs-, lion 5, SW8 and see me 9
Crosle and Electrc sen; M Bargain Prices.
(310050 from
standing
ocd C
lllls out. 5('l":’ll0ll of clec'.ri.- 59:5‘
“£2.98
T 1
____:_.::_.—7
eratlons with those of the machine
‘ma 3 step in 9 lgunners, The fire-strength of an in- incalculably y€RI'S ,
lantry battalion is greater now than it was 20 ago. But that doe; not mean that the machine gun has ousted the riflemen, or that the bayonet and bomb have become back numbsis Training in those features differs little from what it used to be.
MOBILITY ESSENTIAL
The greatest change will manifest itself in operations calliu for the movement of troops. Tm lung will re uire battalions to move not 15 mics a. day as formerly, but 50 and '70 miles. by motorized vchiclss, De- fence against air attack vihile such movement is in progress is an im-
of about four months in England. on mp of their period in Canada, before they were sent to the fl‘0ll'-- Iin emergencies this Enllllsh “"33-“' ‘ing period was cut down. and in some cases omitted altogether. But those conditions were exceptional.
__..._——————— HOW MUCH MONEY?
wnrnson, Ont... Sept. l8—<CPl _Au persons crossing from Wind- so: into the United States today were being asked by Candian Cus- toms Officers how much they 0411‘- ricd in Canadian funds. The llmlt any individual could take Wllh him was $500, accordlnr: to instructions received from Ottawa following announcement of new currency
Harvest Wine, Teal Blue, Bordeau Rouge, Kelly Green, Tryon Rose. These come in a $2 plain “slip-on" style. Selling for —- I
Knyscr Fabrics plain and fancy sliip-ons in Green, Rust, Wine, Navy, Brown
and Black. Selling for — —- '— -31-00 ,
l
BREED APPLES FOB N0ll.'l'H- very hardy progeny, The "second"
WEST crosses, in reality a first genera- cross, exhibited hardiness but increased size and quality. Several of these. however. sufficient
A great deal of attention has been paid the Horticultural Division, Dominion Experiirnenml Forms. to the breeding of apples for various parts of Ganada. one roject has been the creation of hardiar kinds for the Nmmm
experiment. About one hundred "second" back crosses or ‘‘third'' crosses have frulted, exhibiting full
and very cold regions. For urpose hybrids between the Siber- an crab apple and commercial varieties have been employed. The work has progressed to the int of sending out a number of "t l “ crosses for trial. The “flrat" crosses were all very small crab apples but they exhibited a number of
apple size and commercial quality. Several of these appear to possess more hardiness than the “second“ crosses. VVhile this work was start- ed for the Northwest, "tzhird" crosses appear promising as hardier sorts for the main fruit regions.
Use Millard‘: for bites.
wlation. School districts now vary trome-ndous'y in their financial nhiliiv to support 5. mo:’vrn cciura- tiom! pioizram. This growing in- f‘(l'l'llll\‘ bi-Tween cl tritt means a co" liiv nf ((liLlCC\ll(‘.l‘.£ll opportun- it . Intelligent children are pena- lizcd because their parents have
sum spent per child per year may
the taken as A touch measure of the on’ Larger
qua'ity of the education given. Abuses of Administration
The small district system lends itself to many abuses of adminis-
miliar with school law and
of the School Act.
schools or education.
into arrears.
and dismissal of teachers is in the hands of the local community makes it very difficult for the re lntlons between the community and the teacher to be frank and self- resbecting. A teacher may be faced with the alternative of promoting the stupid child of it trustee. for example. or of loslna her position Teachers feel that they have no
tration. Trustees are often unfa- the fcar of creating barf feeling inter- fepcs with the proper enforcement In some dis- tricts individuals are unwilling to undertagke the responsibilities of trusteeship and the office falls to less those least fitted for it or in those who have virtually nip interest in In such 1185413953 *0 sections the records and accounts Warrant the C0n¢lnllMl0ll 03 W9 are not properly kept no-r audited Anotlher and teachers‘ salaries fall seriously
The fact that the appointment
tfneii responsibility was assumed‘ by the authority who could ad- minister in the best Lfcrests of all the people. Our schools, too. serve the local area but education ' is concerned not only with fitting the boy or girl for life in his nar- row district but also for citizenship in the province, the nation, the
‘~ to live in st particular locality. The world.
The Supervisor under a system Units will be much nearer the local Board. At the present time it is almost impos- sib'e for the Inspector to confer frequently or even at all with all the school board in his area but under a larger unit system he would be able to advise regarding each school in the unit. The Supervisor and the Unit Board working in co-operation would be in a position to modify and ad- just the curriculum and other educational facilities to meet. more
uately the educational needs of each area.
Another Argument
argument frequently presented favoring the smaller Unit is that it tends to preserve local interest in education. The
ortant. element. Details have long been worked out as to the number of troop carrying vehicles per mile it is safe to move by day or night.
Training in the employment of J. armored iiglitim vehicle: is _eq.ual—l BOMBAY. -—(C'P) - A vital link ly ncC€§i1I')'.Wll'_‘.l.llCl‘lllls will be,;-n pram;-atmn for an emergmcy undertakcn cx:cn.=ii-clv in the Cam in In ' « Princi i supp_ly_ adian Active Service Force, howzvcr, 71‘ 1- -
40%
exchange regulations. SUPPLIES IN WAR-TIME
remains to be seen. It Ls more likely that exercises will emphasize methods of co-operation between infantry and tanks rather than the actual training in the operation of these.
As to how lomz must elapse be- fore an infantryman is trained: that depends more on the capacity of the man to assimilate the elem- ent of time with that of training. In Great Britain a recrult's train- ing period is usually placed at one year. He enters the regimental de- pot at the age or 18 and emerges as a trained soldier just about his win birthday. With fewer facilities than in Great Britain a longer time might be nccewary in Canada.
During the Great. War troops us- ua1ly_iln<3erWe_nt_a_tr.a1n_lns_P:erL°_<l_
M: DECIDED
extent of this local interest is. however. a matter of speculation. some districts are deeply concerned with education while in others in- terest is almost completely lack- ing. Nevertheless local interest is of extreme value and must be preserved. Under the Unit Ian school trustees ahoud cer- alnly be retained though with altered function.
L'I'here is no doubt lihat many
Dominion-Provincial Youth Training
Under the Provision of a grant for unemployed young people, arrangements have been completed for training courses as outlined below.
Students making application for attendance at these courses must be in un- employed circumstances though not necessarily on relief and be from sixteen to thirty years of age. Applicants must be in good health and of good character. Trans- portation, tuition, board and lodging costs will be provided free to those attending.
No. Course Centm Duration Date of opening Three (8) Home-making courses Charlottetown 6 weeks October 30th Three (3) Farm Mechanics courses Charlottetown 6 ” October 2nd Three (3) Carpentry courses Charlottetown 6 " October 30th Three (3) Blacksxnithlng courses Charlottetown 6 " October 301.11 One (1) Poultry courses Charlottetown 4 " February 15th One (1) Fox courses , Charlottetown 3-4 ” November Two (2) Fisheries courses Charlottetown 4 ” January 8th
' "" not to exceed One (1) Boat Building courses Charlottetown 6 months October Two (2) Agricultural courses Charlottetown 4 ” January 8th One (1) Rural Leadership courses Charlottetown 4 " October 30th One (1) Motor Mechanics courses Long course of five months to finish with a
pleicly filled out and returned to the Dep artment of Agriculture.
further five months’ training in 1940-41.
Applications for these courses will be received immediately. When applica- tions are received, a form will be mailed to each applicant and this form must be com-
Selection of stu-
dente will be made strictly in accordance with the provisions of the Youth Training
‘Agreement by a special committee appoln ted for that purpose.
Notification of the
acceptance of any student approved by the committee will be forwarded in due course.
Above dates of opening of courses are subject to change. For further information, apply to
. W. R. SHAW.
, Deputy Minister of Agriculture,
Liississi l_
Charlottetown, P. E. I.
inherent in our present system would be removed com- biniml our school districts (608)
into larger units mob under the control of a Central Board. A uni- form levy by the Central Board over the larger area would provide the finances which the smaller and lgorer districts» find di.'f‘fioult to o in: assessments would be levied more promiptly and collec- tions would be insisted upon-. All inent. educators agree mm a Larger Unit of Adrninlstretian is the most promising solution to all tihe educational problems which he/ve arisen in rural school districts Most of the other _ , per- 'l.ic'uia.rly Alberta. and Bnltlsh Columbia, have made considerable progress in this res t. Prince Edward Isle.nd's posilon has been set forth e 1938
edvmtaae end to at end it should form a topic or study by Women's Institutes, Aglult Educa-
, and all other study groups with a View to make an experi- ment at an early date and so de- termine the validity of its claims."
(Patriot Please Copy)
IIUNGARIANQ MAY SERVE
PARIS-—(OP) — 'Ilhn Hunnrian Association of the i"rlendu of France has volunteered- Prance in the war, and claims the majority of its members are be- hind the offer.
JORDAN TO STAY . —(®')-—W.
And why shouldn't hel Dominion Household Coke can save him 15% to 30% of his fuel blll oom- pered with anthracite, (Government test) . That's money in pocket! And he gets a clean, radiant fire that’: ALL HEAT. A smokeless. sootleee fuel with practically no ashes. Ask your dealer for folder showing how to use Do- mlnlon Household Coke for low-cost heating.
common STEEL and coil. iomunou mum
||A|.I'AXn CVDNIV. ‘ IIIII1’ JOHN. MONCTOM
DOMINI //vwie/told O K
SPECIAL DISCOUNT ON COMMUNITY
PLATE SILVERWARE
; ' *»‘.>.‘D' "
The Rogers Hardware
AUCKLAND. N’. Z
.1. Juan. New Zeaiand High
worms 2"uI'lm°"ye.n‘n“ no
tea or no . .
if.‘ 'x‘l"°'°""?.‘l x“a.i. ”°“‘“".‘.'l Q In G F.
Preslaentwof the 1.5” Wm
Buntaln & Bell & co.
tiona are to investigate war-time requirements and resources to meet them. The committee was at work many months ago collecting ma- terial relating to India's require- ments of iron and steel and es- sential equipment for oil refining. the ordnance department, railways and communications.
N0 ‘FISH FOR FRITZ
PORT ST, MARY, Isle of Man —The Dutch motor vessel Zuid- land. loaded with herrings for Germany, was unloaded and the cargo placed in cold storage when Britain declared war.
NORWAY OFF POUND
0sLO—(OP) -— The Bank of Norway has ceased using the pound sterling as the basis for its ex- chamze rates.
0 €m. whose func--
"Bastile Hats," inspired by this year's celebration of the 150th an-
niversary of the Frcnch tlon. are vogue in Paris.
f
Revolu-
TIREDZFEET
7:fF';';{ ‘
'14.
Discount on Community PLAIE SILVER
September 15"‘ to September 30th
Adam Pattern. fight. Regular price $49.75.
Special -— —
Coronation Pattern. Service for eight. Refill]-ll‘ 5"9‘7°'
Special - —
The chance of 11 Heavy Commun ve Ware at “W “mam;
1‘ I discount
of--—
This discount aPPll°5 '0 "pen Itock and chest prices.
____________,,_
Service for
$29.85
$35.85
Chests included
lifetime ity Plate Sil-
40*
_......__
_:______;;
Charlottetown Distributors for P. E. l.
PHONES 106 - 1313
Company Limited
Y FREE CITY DELIVER