THE GUARDIAN

“Coven Prince Edward Island Like the Dew”

Published every week-day morning at 136 Prince Street. Charlottetown, P. E._ 1., by The Thomson Company Limited.

Editor and Manage , Ian A. Burnett. Associate Editor, Frank Walker.

Blanch offices at Summerside, Montague Alberton. Authorized as Second Class Mail the Post Office Department, Ottawa.

By Carrier: Charlottetown, Summeraide 315.00 per annum. Elsewhere in P. E. I. 59.00. Other Prov- inces and U. S. A. $12.00 per annum.

and

;'The!atriinx—e;t nieihory |a—\\'ea|iei than the weakest ink.”

Unofficial Daylight

There was no official business at last night's meeting of the City Council. Unoffi- cially, however, Daylight Saving Time was

adopted, to be brought unofficially in force, presumably. by an linofficial proclamation.‘

Lest school children be confused by the procedure, the Council wisely decided that the change would not apply until the end of the present school term.

This apparently will give Charlottetown citizens a constant choice of times. For all official purposes it will be necessary to re- fer to Standard Time but unofficially we will have our clocks set at Daylight Saving Time. In response to a request for the time, it will only be necessary to whether an official answer is required or not and then give the appropriate reply.

There will still. in the words of the Time L'niformity Act, he “one standard ilnifornl official time in use throughout Prince Edward Island.” There will also, however, he at least one unofficial time. Legal opinion, applying tllc classic rllies of statutory ('0llSil‘Llt‘ii0ll, maintains that every word in a statute nlust have some ineaning. It follows, it is argued, that if there is an official time, ergo the parliamen- tar_v draftsnlilli must have contemplated all unofficial time. -

Many an accused has escaped punish- ment on less lucid reasoning. It is ques- tionable, however, if the City Council and its members can effectively divorce them- selves from their official status and remain a Council at: all. There is no disguising the fact that the intent of the Legislature has been flouted in this instance, and its enact- ment madc meaningless. And the techni- cality on which the Council has acted may easily be removed at the next session of the Legislature, if it should so be determin- cd. In that case it would be a short-lived triumph, and perhaps a costly one in fur- ther dealings with the supreme legislative body of the Province, on which the City and all our municipalities depend for theil own governing authority.

Angus MacdonaITs—fia-ry

"It is a safe prediction," writes Grant’

Dexter in the Winnipeg Free Press. “that the stature of Angus L. Macdonald as a national figure will grow with the years. To the writer's knowledge there are five diaries by Cabinet ministers of World War ll’. Col. Raiston kept one. Mr. Macdon- aid did likewise. Mr. Power kept a diary, at least of the conscription crisis, Mr. Crerar kept a record sporadically. And. of course, Mr. King's voluminous diary is well known.

“Of the five, it will be found that Mr. Macd0naid‘s is by far the most. detailed. He was a constitutional lawyer whose train- ing and interest lay in government. He had a sure grasp of the constitutional as-_ pects of the crisis. lie was no admirer of Mr. King, but his diary is objective. He kept. it as a matter of duty, knowing that Mr. King was also active in this field. Mr.

Macdonald was determined that future his-,

torians would have the truth.

"For obvious reasons Mr. Macdonald’s;

insistence upon conscription, apart alto- gether from his attitude towards Mr. King. blighted any chance he might have had of becoming leader of the Liberal party. But Angus 1.. Macdonald never regretted nor abated his views on conscription and re- tllrned to the premiership of his beloved Nova Scotia whorl he was unbeatable politically."

Longevity llacoriis

What is the life span of Homo Sapiens? The Bible mentions that Methuselah lived 969 years, an age open to varying inter- pretations. In the last few years, the Na- tional Geographic Society says, age claims have run all the way to 148 (a Javanese), 160 (the Turk Zaro Aghal. 176 (Baba I-Iarainsingh of India), and 180 for an un- identified Russian woman. Recently some Americans have counted their years well above 120. A Dane, Christen Jacobseii Drakenberg, was said to have married at 111 and lived to 145. Thomas Parr (Old Parr), ii Shropshire lad, died in the reign of Charles I at a reputed 152. To dem- ographers, however, most claims are high- ly suspect because verifiable records are lacking. Memories frequently fail as years accumulate. Also, communities often con- fer patriarchal prestige on claimants to

t age, thereby inviting exaggeration. ; The 1940 U. S. census reported 410 per- jotp 109 years old and over, 150 men and no however, _ caution

ascertain ’

that these figures should be taken with a large grain of salt. Eight states—all north- ern but one—listed no one in that cate- gory: Wyoming, Maine, Montana, South Dakota, Rhode Island, Vermont, New Hampshire and Nevada. All the southern states claimed inordinately large numbers, 5 ranging to 40 in Mississippi, 41 in Alabama

‘ ;and 51 in Texas.

I Ten years later the census reported 4.- ,475 centenarians in the country. Experts ‘also regard this number with a skeptical i eye. Better established seem to be the find- } ings of an English actuary early in the cen-

tury. He found 30 authentic British cen- - tenarians in 800,000 lives. Authorities thus -_estimate that this year, with the popula- ,tion up considerably over 1950, the U. S. -has approximately 4,500 centenarians. Careful investigators suppose man's ‘ maximum longevity to be 112 or 113 years, .maybe 115. An exact figure is elusive. ‘Furthermore, there is always the possibil- ; ity sonle oldster sometime can prove great- er antiquity. Most scientists agree man's llife span—the extreme duration of his life , —has changed little, if at all, since the start ‘of recorded time. ’Bhis, however, contrasts ‘with the great extension moderll science éhas won in the average length of man's

life. Few noteworthy characters in history , have even approached an age of 112 years. 'Titian, the Venetian painter, and Fonten- ‘cite, the French author, reached 99. George ‘Bernard Shaw and John D. Rockefeller

lived well into their 90's. In fact, few ‘forms of any kind of life exceed the cen- .‘tury mark. Trees top 100 years. particu- llarly oaks and the giant seqlloias that island multiple centuries. Some liirtlcs oili- ilive man. They are probably all.

I EDITORIAL NUTE$ i St. George's Day.

‘I O I‘ I

I Canada needs more than six times her lpresent naval strength to equal the war- 1, lime strength of the R.C.N., according to lthe senior British naval liaison officer in ithis country. Pointing out that loss of the ifirst battle might mean loss of the war, Capt. V. A. Wight-Boycott emphasized that i a navy must be ready “from the word go."

l The unofficial report that the Queen

will have a permanent royal residence in‘,

leach Commonwealth country is not a new lsubject for speculation but has been given

point by Her Majesty's extensive travels. It has its attractions but if it should prove impractical the Queen still has the local Government House in which she is mistress ‘rather than guest.

i Hardly a day passed but some employee ‘was injured, sometimes fatally,

Mayor Howard of Campbellton, N. 3, con- ltrasting early conditions with the present 'fine safety record of the C. N. R. in tile Maritimcs. It may be recalled, by the way, that it was the outstandingly good record of this Province that made the Maritime record so satisfactory.

0 O D

The Federal debt burden has been light- ened considerably it is pointed out in the Bank of Montreal Business Review. in March. 1939 it was 55 per cent of the value of national production, and in 1946 it was 112 per cent. It has now fallen to 46 per cent. Scent hope is seen in the budget, however, of prospective lower tax rates in view of defence and contractual payments together totalling 80 per cent of all ex- penditures.

O O Q

Theproduction of butter in Canada showed a gradual decrease from 286 mil- lion pounds in 1948, to 257 million pounds in 1951; and since then a gradual increase to 303 million pounds in 1953. Total but- ter consumption has been consistently high- er than production, but has, nevertheless, decreased from 370 million pounds in 1948 to 328 million pounds in 1953. Per capita consumption of total butter averaged 28.7 pounds in .1948 and 22.2 pounds in 1953. approximately the same as for the previous two years. Consumption of creamery but- iter per caplia averages about three pounds lper capita less than of total butter.

0 0 O

| William Shakespeare, English dramatist i and poet, was born. it is thought, this date 1564, died this date 1616. By the time he was twenty he seems to have become estab- lished as an actor and playwright and the narrative poems "Venus and Adonis" and "Lucrece" appeared in 1593 and 1594. He seems to have prospered and owned a home and shares in an actors‘ company and the- atres. His plays cover the entire range of human life, treated on the highest imagina- tive level. They demonstrate that what can be done with drama can be done through no other medium. The wide action and rapid change of scene of the plays suited the simple Elizabethan theatre, but not un- til motion pictures has it been possible to

present them properly with elaborate scen-

"Yt

F0 RBl“.ARA.\'CE

Ilasl. thou named all the birds without a gun? Loved the wood-rose, and left it on its stalk, At. rich men's tables eaten bread and pulse? Unarmed, faced danger heart of tru.=t? And loved so well a high behavior In man or maid. that thou from speech refrained, .Nobilit_r more noble. to repay? l0, be my friend. and teach me to be thine:

with a

Fashion Mociei

Beating The

United Kingdom

The much-publicized “sound barrier” of high speed flying has

now been succeeded by the “heat. l)arl'lel'." Of the two the heat barrier is

perhaps the easier for the layman to understand—aithough it. may be the more difficult to over- ,come. When the jet. engine first ‘gave aircraft designers motive ‘power sufficient for really high speed. lhey had only theoretical aerodynamics to guide them for- ward into the unknown. The first snag tlicy elicountered was that

-—Ra'.ph Waldo Emerson.

Old Che riotietown

and P. E. I.

4

FORAN SHOP FIRE

"Shortly after 11 o'clock last ‘night. Police Sergeant. Cameron dis- icovcred that the tailoring estab- ‘llshment of Mr. P. J. Forail, on

once gave the alarm, and there was I. prompt. turnout of the fire department. Before the engines set- tled down to business, however. several citizens did good work lwliii buckets. During the fire the‘

recalled those was attached to R hydrant inip

the neighborhood, and although

Queen Street, was on fire. He atiiem

of supersonic flight. The prob- llems of flying at, and near, the speed of sound were not then well understood, and for a time lit. was thought that aviation prog- iress had come to a halt.

‘ The fifty-year history of powered flight, howevei‘, is well sprillkled “Jill milestones mark- ing spots where aviation progress seemed likely to "come to a halt.” The so-called "Barrier of the Speed’ of Souild" has proved to be merely such another pausing iplace. As soon as the scientists ‘realized exactly what. the prob- was, they were designing experimental aircraft to defeat the trouble. Today there are imany service fighters capable of ‘diving at supersonic speed.

. . .

But, lhe 1,000-mile-an-hour air- lane has now brought the de- signer up against this trouble with frictional heat. It. is a prob-

ime” was not “my pressure on at llem which is quite simply stated.

{the time, a stream was thrown sever- al feet. higher than‘ the burning

building. The fire originated in the press-room ‘of the tailoring shop of the establishment, from which it. spread to a clothes room in

W ”°"t 0‘ the b“"“““3- “'°'kl"8 .which, when it enters the earth‘: reaches quite abs-uerlnz proiior-‘, tlona. l

along between the walls. "The building, which is of wood and three‘ storeys high, is owned

partially damaged, and is insured

iln the. City of London, represented iag .. simple formula _. an-Ci-‘en the speed of sound would achieve John MacEachern. for $2.000.,‘ilpc-ed iii mph divided by 100 find A Mr. Foran's stock is also insured ‘the answer squared to give the Centigrade. At.

HIV tin the London and Lancashire

lcompany, for $2,000. Mr. Foran. we understand, gave employment to‘ twenty-four ihands, who will thus-

iiie resum.=.-s bllsliiess, Which he pm-,

poses doing as soon as he can se- icure suitable quarters." - -—’I‘he Examiner, Dec. 1, l88il.i

A School For S-T.I—i‘VI‘Vai ,

tMontri-al Gazette)

There have been several remark-‘

able examples in the last year of bush veterans surviving forced landings in northern arena. For the past few years the R. C. A. F. has sought to provide its airmen with the training neces- sary in such emargenciel. Cana- dian fighter craft. are especially designed for the long ranges and the severe temperatures of the Canadian North. To the Air Force the members of its‘ alrcrews are even more important than its air- craft. Aircrew. too, must be en- abled to withstand the North's de- mands.

The R. C. A. P‘.'a survival course. rated the toughest in the world. is teaching 2,000 men a. year that anyone can survive in the Arctic. and it is teaching them how it is done.

The course begins in Edmonton with three’ day: of lectures, film: and instruction. Then each class of 40 move: to a bue camp in the foothills of the Rockies, where further ‘instruction and demonstra- tlom take six days. Then the clue la divided into groups of eight or nine for I five-day trek.

This is the bush survival course. It is followed by a almilar course in Arctic survival, conducted at Cambridge Bay on Victoria II- land, in the Arctic Ocean.

The basic principle taught in each course in that with equipment and ration: available in an air- craft, survival in possible, even a measure of rough comfort. The trick in to learn how to live, as much an polsible off the country lt.self. Parachutes make tent: or leimtmi. parachute shrouds make fish-nets, snares for game. and 1108 I0!’ IIIOWIIIOOI (Ch! MOW-

by the Connolly estate. It is but‘

be thrown out. of employment until .ahoes beins made of twissi. l Only a few of Canada}: airmen

|An airplane flying at great speed Ithrough the air is heated by fric- tion and, at really high speeds, it

i can be heated so much that lti When we come. however. to

red-hot. An extreme

‘will glow that of a meteorite

; example is

1lliin‘lOSpilCl‘e= at enormous velocity, becomes incandescent. and is ,‘seen as "falling star."

The temperature rise with speed can be roughly expressed

itemperatlire increase in degrees Centigrade. As an

example: An aircraft

will ever have to repeat the ex-

ipcrience in actuality. But nil com- and the

plated it with an excellent lift. in morale. The great fear of a forc- ed landing in bush or barren lands has been dissipated. by the air- lncn's own work.

Heat Barrier

Information Office

flying at 700 miles an hour woul

have a temperature rise of 700 divided by loo. ii‘/inf: us an answer of seven, and seven squared is forty-nine. The air- craft therefore would be heated up by 49 degrees Centigrade. since the aircraft would, at that speed, usually be flying high and in cold air of perhaps minus 30 or 40 degrees Centigrade. the actual temperature of the air- craft. would only be ten or twenty degrees Centigrade —- which is quite reasonable.

.

You can. however. see that a 700 mph dash at. low level in a hot country, with the surround- ing air already at. forty degrees Centigrade would give l\ total re- sult of eighty-nine degrees Centi- grade—or not far short. of the boiling point. of water.

That is why. in ii iecent. world speed record flight at. low level by the Supermai-lne Swift. (which did 735 mph in ii. temperature of forty degrees Centigrade). the pilot. Lt.-Cmdr. Lithgow. declared it. was like flying "in an oven." The theoretical frictional rise would have given the aircraft an additional fifty-three degrees Centigrade, and a total tempera- ture of fifty-three degrees ,Centigrade. In fact, of course. it takes some time for the niachinc ‘to heat up and Llthgow was only on his low level runs for a few seconds. Had he continued them over a long period he could not have survived without considera- 'ble refrigeration.

. .

e

the speeds of the future we can quickly nee that the problem

1 At stratospheric height. and in B surrounding air temperature of minus fifty-seven degrees Centi- grade, an aircraft flying at twice

118. degrees the

temperature of three time speed of sound—2.000 mph ap- pl'oxlmately—-tihe aircraft tem- pearture on a protracted flight iwould reach 335 degrees Centi- ‘grsde. At such a speed and heat, jthe present aluminum ilnd other flight. alloya. plastic cockpit. covers ‘ like, used in aircraft construction, would become use- less. That in why titanium is now of such importance for aircraft manufacture, pecause titanium lhaa considerable heat-resisting

Perk up small appetites with

AVLMER

:::a¢ycMr.$unaIilno,fiIeAyIvnerhlredmon;

coaxing," say: Mr. Sunshine, "when Aylmor Cataup mailiea meat. and vegotablea taste so good. Children love that Aylmer "true tomato" flavor . . . and they need Vitamin C. “Get the pun catnip that‘: Born ol Sunahim [or Richer Flavor . . . AYLIIII Catlup.

L Jttllll min litsmt:.ivui_:il liil_AUl'l

..,.-4

Your children willoat withoul

Iago 4

The Guardian Friday, April 23, 1954

Uh any well-dnued man we have a suit for every day in the week but our: is the same one.- Brandon Sun.

The that exercise you can give your heart is when you reach down and lift somebody up.-—Galt Reporter.

llouaocleanln tip: If you cover your shelves with newspapers. caller: will know when you clean- ed ’.t.hem last.—-St. Catharine; Standard. ‘

Today’: automobile in an tough that even a teenager can scarce- ly wear it out before the instal- ment payments are completed. — Kingston Whig-Standard.

Short. ahort awry In New Zea- land want ad: "Engagement ring. two-stone diamond and platinum -—nvap for good two-stroke motor- cycle."—Edmonton Journal.

Toronto people have taken to joy riding on their new subway. As it cannot be for what they see it must be for what they can avoid seeing.—Port Arthur News- Chronicle.

Any omnn under 35 in ii girl, at least in the books of the De- partment of Labour. which in document: refers to "working girls of 14 to 35" but to "women" in higher age groups.——Brantfor.:l Expositor.

Police in the U. S. have been told to watch for midget A-bombs that might be smuggled in suit- cases. it is a logical conclusion that, if’ the hotel and the sur- rounding buildings totally disap- pear, it was an A-bomb the beard- ed stranger had in his overnight bag.—Toronto Star.

Changed In the equipment and designing of kitchens will make that room the centre of family life in every home, so the Cana- dian Restaurant Assoclation was told in Toronto. If so the kitchen will regain the place it had in family life of pioneer days, but in .1 different form. With the co-' operation of architects. small elec- tric units are being installed in kitchens with an eye to eliminat-

TL properties. steel also is likely to figure largely in the fabrication of the aircraft of the future.

. . .

Apart: from the use of such materials there are several ways in which the heat barrier is be- ing tackled. The obvious. one is by refrigeration, although that involves A great penalty in in weight. It may also be possible to cool the fuel and use that

keep the cockpit air under con-‘ trol. Insulation and reflection. too, will have to play their part,‘ It could be that only the leading surfaces of the machine are aub- jeci: to great heat rises, and that would simplify the matter-but this is still a matter of scientific dispute.

The problem, then, is obvious. The solution to it in still in matter of reaeerch—but. if aviation his- tory ia any guide. this new "bar- rier" will in the fullness of time, also be conquered by science, just as all the others have been.

prices.

ready for delivery.

St. Peter’s Road

ooldneaa in a heat exchanger to,

i

l l l

Limited number of 3-section lift-type

Full stock new tractors, both gas and diesel

" NOTES BY Ti-iE WAY

I lng as many as possible from sight. Ovens and deep—freeze units are being built into walls at waist level. As the expert, Geri. rude Bernard of Quebec, told [hp restaurant men. kitchens, with 3,, pliances out of the way, can bl». come almost a second living room Sydney Post-Record.