Covers Fri-u III-rd lsinnl Like he Du Published every weekday morning at 165 Prince Ceres Charlottetown, P.E.I.. by the Thomson Company I.“

In A. Burnett. Publisher and General Menu. Frank Walker. Editor lember Canadian Daily Newspaper Publishers Association Member of The Canadian Press Memhct Adan Bureau of Circulation. Ifueh offices at Sum-rattle. Montague and Albert- Reuresented Nationally by: Thomson Newspapers Advertisinr Service 0 King Street West. Toronto. OIL 640 Cethcart St.. Montreal 1030 West Georgia 8L, Vancouver 3! Carrier Charlottetown, Summer-side 30¢ per Week. By Mail elsewhere in P.E.I. 89.00 per Innum. Otis Provinces and United States 812.00 per annum.

PAGE 4 WEDNESDAY. JULY 2, 1958.

SIim Prospects

At the time of writing there is no assurance that the proposed meeting in Geneva for discussing ways of con- trolling a ban on nuclear tests will be held at all. There is no agreement on what the meeting is intended to accomplish, although notes on the subject have been going back and forth from Washington to Moscow for several months. The Russians, evidently, are. demanding, that an agreement to stop the tests be reach- ed at the conference and that repre- sentatives of the Western powers en- ter the conference with this in mind. The Americans, however, speaking for the Western group, merely want the meeting to explore ways of polio- ing a ban, should one be agreed upon at some future time. ‘ _

It thus can be seen that, should the meeting take place, the chances of it succeeding in any phase of the controversial question are very slim.

Should the meeting be cancelled or, if held, result only in further dis- agreements, the hopes for at least a start in international amity will once more receive a setback. It is really beginning to lock as if the two sides

Nov-f

will never agree on anything likely _

to lessen tension. It is not a pleasant

thought -—, buttons difficult to avoid. Dissatisfaction

Reports from Britain reveal that

there is some dissatisfaction, both- in '

the pressimd in business circles re- garding the increase in the tariff on British woolen goods entering this

One reason for this

tion is, of course,,that the-increase. 5

though it is small, is bound to have an adverse effect on exports of an important dollar-earning ‘com- modity. There is anxiety, too,” con- cerning. the, in-

ereases on Other item‘szut thegchief I

cause for concern is a growing feel- ing that perhaps Prime Minister

Diefen-baker was not wholly sincere, . wheh he attended the Common-

wealth Prime Ministers’ Conference in London last year, in his expressed intention of expanding Canadian- British trade relations. Some news- papers are saying frankly that in- creasing tariffs is a poor way to start. out on a new pattern of trade within the Commonwealth. And there is some speculation that the) tariff in- crease might hinden the work of the Commonwealth Trade Conference which is to be held in Canada this fall. . , . Who will say, that these coins plaints. are unreasonable? understood, of! course, that the. Government is under heavy pressure to start out on a strong “protection- ist” policy. Every Government has had that problem to'deal with. And there may be some instances where Canadian industries are entitled to protection from low cost production in other countries. Nevertheless, the 7 fact remains that one of the main planks in the Conservative platform in 1957 and in 1958 was development of Commonwealth trade in general and of k British-Canadian trade in particular. It must be hard for the British to reconcile this pre-election policy with what has been done to ,imports of British woolen goods-

War On The Starfish

It is no news to our oystermen, of course, to be told that the bane of their industry is the starfish. This invader gobbles up millions of oys- ters every year, wreaking havoc all along the Atlantic coast. Though they have been caught in thousands, they keep on coming. Scientists are experimenting with chemical treat- ment of oyster beds, but more re- search is needed to find, effective controls. Now, in the United States, an appeal has been made to Congress for legislation authorizing the Inter- ior Department to launch a million dollar all-out war against the star-- fish. The results should be interest- ing.

The National Geographic Society devotes a bulletin to the starfish’s peculiarities. Not a fish at all, it be- longs to the Echinodermata phylum, a biological grouping that includes sea urchins, brittle stars, sea cucum- bers and sea lilies. Its body radiates

r

Itis'

’ fertiliz tion

as many as 40 arms, though the five- armed starfish is best known. Slen— der transparent tubes called “tube feet” stubble the arms. Each tube foot has a sucking disc at its extrem- ity, and it is these suckers that draw the creature forward, moving at the rate of about six inches a minute. Though slow, it has no trouble catch- ing clams, which are even slower, or oyéters, which don’t move at all.

To open an oyster—often nearly

as big as itself—the starfish grasps

its prey in a many-armed embrace. Hundreds of sucking discs fasten onto the shell and begin to tug in relays so that some can rest while others pull. The oyster can resist the pressure for a while, but eventually it tires. The shell opens, and the battle is over. The starfish then turns the lower part of its stomach inside out and extend it through a mouth at the center of its underside. The stomach envelops the soft- parts of the oyster and digests them. When the meal is over, the stomach with- draws. , ' , Menhaden and other fish prey on the starfish, but it has a trick to avoid' destruction: it can lose an arm and grow it back again. Even more startling, a severed arm can develop into a complete starfish. Before bio- logists made this discovery, oyster- men would often cut up the starfish they‘caught and throw them back into the sea. This simply increased the number of pests. ' Starfish are caught by dragging hupe mops over the sea bottom. Tiny pincers on the starfishs arm's grasp the mop threads and do not let go. These pincers act almost independ- ently of the rest of the starfish. They are believed to protect. the skin-gills from parasites. At breed- ing time, thousands of eggs‘ and sperm re shed into the water, where Curiously, an unfertilized eggL may develop nor» mally in the laboratory if it is stimulated With certain acids or con- centrated sea water. The larva looks at all like the mature star-

. fish. The armless little blob moves

about {by means of tiny hairs. It set- tles on some solid object and remains

fixed while the adult phase develops

inside its body.

EDITORIAL NOTES

3A. man-arrested fer» jaywalking in

- Huntington, W. Va., putgup a novel . . defense. -“I don’t understand the new . traffic signals” when I’m sober,” he

told police, “and they’re even worse when I’m not sober”.

‘ v“ 4 4 e ' . 2

A 12 year old boy in ‘Flushing, N.Y., sent to the Defence Department description of a plan, complete with drawings, for sending a man into space. What is more, the plan had merit —-— “sensible and logical, with

' all the essentials of a workable sys- tem” officials called it. '

4 4 at There is no doubt whatever that

'the Federal-Provincial Hospital In—

surance Plan will make necessary im- provements and expansion in all hos pital facilities. Everything possible should be done to meet the need be- fore the plan is put into operation. In this Province, the general belief is that the plan will begin Jan. 1, 1959. ‘ e 4 1*

The US .armed forces are trying to do something, in a small way, about the .nation’s shortage of teachers—science and mathematics teachers in particular. Realizing the importance of sound basic schooling for young enlisted men and officers, the army first, and now the navy and air force, have been encouraging retired and retiring personnel to consider teaching. Since military re- tirement comes at a relatively early age, the pensioners may have many good 'years ahead to teach. Could not this idea be encouraged in Canada as well, where the teacher shortage is equally apparent?

4 4 it

The Canadian Press reports that the best chance of finding a book banned in Canada is on the parlia- mentary library shelves in the Par- liament Buildings at Ottawa. This is because every package entering the

. c'ountry addressed to the library is

unchecked by customs officers. How- ever, the library is something more than a repository of salacious litera- ture. Here can be found rare books as well as parliamentary documents that date back to Magna Carta in the 13th Century. There are US. Con- gressional documents that date from 1802 and Canadian papers that go back to the time that official re- ports were first kept. One of the most important records of all is the microfilm on which is copied the issues of daily newspapers.

1

ME 1 HAY? ON

" HIKTTA

4+ MAR K' D

NIKITA . r

' SPEAK FOR YOURSELF, OTTAWA REPORT " '

OTTAWA Prime Minister John Diefenbaker has rescued Sir Wilfrid Laurier’s portrait from half a century of slumming, and ordered it to be hiuig' in our Prime Ministers’ resi- dence at 24 Sussex Street in Ot- tawa, where it rightly deserves such honour. l l

The official announcement of this minor episode merely says: “The 18” x 24” canvass was pre— sented to Mr. ‘Diefeiubaker last Week on behalf of ‘Mr. Walter Davis of Brighton Ontario, who found it in 1934 after it had been discarded for twenty-five or’thir- ’0' years" I

The unpublished, history reveals the strong feelings of a Co vative supporter. Mr. Davis, alt-

, ed his car at a filling station and

visited the, primitive turo - hole “comfort station” behind it. In .side he spotted an oil painting of Sir Wilfrid Laurier, nailed to the wall With six rusty two - inch nails. He asked the gas vendor if he wouldsell him the paint- ing.’ The merchant assumed that Mr. Davis was an American tourist who would not have re. cognised the face in, the oilpaint— mg. I’ “That blankety blankety blank of a blank has been nailed up in that appropriate place for twenty-five years, and he deserv- es to stay there as long again,” he replied to the would-be buyer. Mr. Davis was insistent, and finally acquired the painting but only on condition that he would keep it concealed from admiring gaze for another quzirter century. Now that time has elapsed; the

‘ canvas has been restored and

cleaned, and the portrait is ad- judged by the Natipnol Gallery to be the work, of the famous Canadian artist J. W. L. Forster probably a sketch for‘ a larger finished painting now owned by the National Liberal Federation. CHAMPION PLACE—KICKER?

Another quarter-century mem: ory reached Ottawa last week. Jean Bridson, of Huntsville, 0n— tario, and now a nurse at the Toronto General Hospital, used to work with Doctor Bernard Rynard of Orillia, now Conserva- tive M.P., for Orilla. Visiting Ot— tawa for the first time on her holiday she called on her old as- sociate in his Parliamentary of- fice, and there I found the two of them with J ean's mother, talk- ing over old times. Somehow the conversation got around to the Grey Cup, and the occasion last

PUBLIC FORUM

This co‘il’nn is open to the discus-

sion by c rrespondents of question of

interest. The Guardian does not neses

sarin endorse the opinion of cones» pondents.

RURAL ELECTRIFICATION

Sir,—My old heart was glad- dened when I read on the front page of The Guardian about the rapid progress being made with rural electrification in Prince Edwand Island.

Over fifteen years ago, I bought a small farm in P. E. Island with the idea of having a place in the country to retire to, or should I say whereto to retire. I bought this pjlace on the strength of the announced intention of the gov- ernment to make electricity available all over rural P. E. Is- land. I live about a quarter of a mile off the beaten track and I suppose I could have electricity, but at a cost of mortgaging what- ever small future I have left.

There seems to be a double standard in services in P. E. I. A man who'lias eleven children pays no more taxes than a man with none, and rightly so. but electrical services seem to oper- ate on a different standard.

I have been quite interested in reports about the drilling for oil in P. E. l. I really hope they strike it soon as I want to be assured of enough oil for my lamps.

1 am. Sir. (’10.. RTE-\l. C. MACDONALD Kc!1»1n;tmr. R. R. 4.

of darkness)

‘EXIIFWI To Ontario on account:

Sir_WiIfricI’S Portrait Rescued

- By Patrick Nicholson " ‘ Special Correspondent For The Guardian

year when the new Prime Minis- «tar, John Diefenbaker clad in that famous Cowichavn sweater, performed the ceremonial kick- off. .

Jean let her memory wander back to her high schooldayis in Huntsville, maybe a quarter cen- tury ago, when she learned

foam a painstaking teacher who spoke French beautifully and was skilfully athletic.

.“When I saw the Prime Min-

“I almost wished my teacher could have opened that Grey Cup game instead of her husband." For that teacher. is now Mrs. Olive Diefenbaker. M.P.’s IN DOLDRUMS

Rumor and counter-rumour lily round the Parliamentary cafeter- ia: “We will have to sit all through ‘ August and September to finish the legislative program- me" or “We will adjourn early in August and be called back here in October.” Luckily in one respect, this is one of Ottawa’s coolest and least sunny summers on record to date. But while the Weather is not getting Members

French and Physical Education

ister’s kick-off,” Joann told me,«

down, the sulluess of mentary grind is. .

Committees and House provide plenty' of work, and the small band. of Liberals ‘is privately cry? ing “Uncle,” forgetting that they are numerically stronger.th the Conservative Party . was ‘ for most of the 22 years of Liberal Govern- ment. 1 ~ '

Most M.P.‘s now have at least one private bone to worryon be- half of their constituents. Doc

Rynard keeps hammering away

at, those two locks needed. to complete the scenic Trent Water- way; Fisher from Port Ar-

‘Ithur’ is wondering whether the.

IRinilway Committee work will permit him to fly‘to Paris for

a shirt NATO conference; Moose-

Jaw’s. Ernie Pascoe is closely Watching the prospects'for a TV station in his home town; Ghana- gan’s D. V. Pugh is plugging for ,Kelowna airport; Quebec City’s Yvon Tasse is promoting year- round navigation on the St. Law- rence river; P. E. I.'s Health MacQuari‘ie is wondering about That causeway which would re- move the “islan ” status; Timis- Vkaming’s A d" Peters, is inter- ested r _' _' that the price of gold may be raised by U.S.A.; and Sat-trials “Murph”.Murphy is charmaningthe most interesting committee which has been hear- ing Resources Minister Alvin Ha- milton outline a future for rosier than most of us had foreseen for our mineral development. >

THE ACADIANS OF P.E.I.

(Continued from Monday)

Previous to 1752, the only priest in the Island had been the chap— lain of the garrison at port La- .joie, but in that year, four addi- tional parishes were organized. These were: the parish of the Holy Family, at Malpeq-ue, pastor, Pierre Cassiet to 1753, then abbe Joseph-Sylvestre Dosque to, 1758; the parish of St. Louis, (at Scotch- fort), pastor, abbe Joseph Per- ronnel from 1752 to 1753, then abbe Pierre Cassiet frdm 1753 to 1758; the parish of St. Paul, at Point Prim, pastor, albbe Jacques Girard. At port Lajoie in the parish of St. Jean, the Evangelist,

1111752 the pastor was Isidore Caulet. He was followed by Fath- er J. Laforce and Father Pezes.

Some of these priests took a deep interest in the temporal af- fairs of their parishes. The fol- lowing letter written at Point Prim, on October 31, 1753, by abbe Jacques Ginard, shows that the lot of the refugees from Aca- dia was-not a very happy one: LOT OF REFUGEES Extract of letter:

“Our refugees do not lose cour- age, and hope by working to be able to live here; but the naked- ness which is almost universal and extreme, affects them sore; and I can assure you that several will be unable to work this win- ter for lack of implements. They cannot protect themselves from the cold either by day or by night. Most of the children. are so naked that they cannot cover themselves. When I enter their huts and find them sitting beside the fire, they try to hide them- selves With their ban 5’ and take to flight, having neit er, shoes, stockings nor shirts. All are not reduced to that extremity, but a]- most all are in need."

In 1752 there had been a lull in the migration from Acadia, but the determination of the English authorities to extract an oath of unconditional allegiance hastened the influx of great numbers. In 1753, some 400 crossed over from Bale Verte and Tatamagouche. The census of 1753 shows that there were over 400 more in— habitants than there were at the time of Franquet‘s visit. CENSUS OF 1753

This census of 1753 was order- ed by Commandant Denis de Bonnaventure and is summarized as follows: Number of inhabi- tants, Anse a Pinette iPinette Cove) 84: Grands-Sanction IPoint .Pl‘ill’li 103: La Boulotteticre 66; I La Grande Arise Orucll Pay) I 108'; Le Marais ‘PounaII 127; Rulsseau a Lafrance (Squaw

New Parishes Organized

By J. Henri Blanchard, LL. D.

the pastor was Father Gratien I Raoul from 1754 to May 30, 1758. "

66; Anise du Comte St.-Pierre (Keppoch) 27; Port is Joie 71; Anst du Nerd-Guest (Nine mile creek) 31; Riviera de l’Ouest (West River) 98; Riviere dill Nord (North River) 48; Riviere du Nerd-est (East River) 728; Havre. Saint-Pierre (St. Peter’s) 197; Dunes die St.-Pierre (Dunes) East of St. Peters) 73; Les Eta-rigs (St. Peter’s Lake) 55; Scattered fishermen 17; Havre arux Saiuva-g- es (Savage Harbour) 87; Traca- die 78; Etang des Barges (Stan- hope) 20; Malpec 259; Bedeque 101; Traverse River (Traverse River) 45; Riviere des Blonds (Tryon River) 60; 'Riviere aux

r

Reaction To TB Test Important

B Herman N. Bundesen, M.D. yStatistics aren’t just a bunch of confusing figures. Translate sta- tics into human beings and you know an awful lot about a lot

1‘ e0 le.

0 Lil’sp just take on disease, tu- bercullosis.

Statistics tell us that. the‘talll, lanky and underweight indivrdual is more likely to develop TB than a person who is short, stoc- ky and” overweight.

REACTION T0 TEST

Moreover, if he reacts strong- ly to a tuberculin test, he is five times more likely to develop the disease than a person who has a negative test.‘ ‘

If .a’ oung child comes down with , chances often are that he caught it from his mother or father. These days, however, he. probably will develop a milder form of the disease then in. pre- vious years. . A

As for adult TB victims, sta- tistics tell us that we probably will have more trouble getting elderly bachelors to agree to sur- gery than with most other pa.— tients. » THEY’VE APPREHENSIVE

We suspect this is because old— er men are more fearful of oper- ation. They probably believe that persons their age present a grea- ter sungical risk than do young- er patients.

Also‘ older ‘patients probably live more for the present or im- mediate future, or yearn for the “good old days”‘ of the past. More youthful patients, on the other hand, are more apt to “further ahead and to plan for life in the future. ‘

What about women?

Well, statistics tell a story there too. We know, for exam- ple, that women generally fare better than men do alliter- remov- al of an entire lung. V

In a recent report on a study at Seattle, Washm' gton, some’27 per cent of the men who had the radical ’operation died. The fate- lity rate for women was only 11

per cent. LESS RESTRICTED

Women also suffered less re- striction in‘physical activity folf (lowing removal of the lung, with only, two per cent reporting their activity restricted, as com- pared with 12- per, cent of the male patients. I‘ " .

Now here is one place where statistics can be misleading. .

I don’t mean to imply that 27 per cent cf the men who have lungs removed are doomed to die as a result the operation. Nor do'I mean‘that the national av- erage of men whose, activity will be restricted following such sur- gery amounts to 12 per cent. _

The study concerned only 204 We can’t apply the fig- 'ures to national averages. But statistics do give us. an indica- tion. They do tell an important