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Conn Irina Edward Island uh the Dew

“Milan! every week-day morning It 165 Prince Stu-ea Charlottetown. P.E.l., by the Thomson Company Ltd. In A. Bureau. Publisher and General manager hank Walker, Editor lumber Canadian Daily Newspapu Publishers Association‘ hamper of The Canadian Press Member Adult Bureau 0; Circulation Imam office- at summerside, Montague and Alberta. ion-neuter! 'N-uonauy by: Thomson Newspaper: Advertising Service 0 King Street West. Toronto,.0nl.

640 Cathcart SL, Montreal 1030 West Georgia St” Vancouver

fly Carrier Charlottetown. Summerslda 30c per week. 3! Mail elsewhere in P.E.I. $9.00 per mum. one Provinces and United States 312.00 per annum.

PAGE 4 FRIDAY, AUGUST 8, 1958.

Vain VerbIage

_ The Prime Minister has given notice that at the next session of Par- liament he will recummend “ways of speeding parliamentary ,gbusiness.” What'he has in mind, apparently, ,is some regulation or understanding that would discourage long-winded, repetitious speeches which hinder the progress of a session. He certainly does not intend to do anything likely to curb the free speech of .members. That would be neither reasonable nor politically wise: Moreover, it was one of the sins charged to the former Liberal administration.

There is no Jquestion that a goqd deal Of time is wasted in parliamen- tary debate. Many members, es-

I pecially, perhaps, new members pro- ceed on the assumption that unless they indulge in “much speaking”, regardless of whether or not they have anything important to say, the folks back home “will think they are nonentities. They do not stop to think that aimless excursions 'into oratory are a sure sign of ineptitude. 'But, more experienced members often fall into thc same pit.

, We have lost track of the number of no-confidence motions made by‘ Liberal leader Pearson and theCCF House leader in the current session, but there must have been at least a , half dozeni—all, a waste of time, all to no purpose. all ineffectual in intent. and content. In each instance it was a foregone conclusion that'the mo- tion would be defeated ;' and what was

said- many times previously. This is not.,tO‘ suggest that members shOuld‘ remain tongue-tied. They have the privilege and, indeed, a responsibility ' to speak out ' as occasion warrants. It is'only to suggest that they should not use the privilege frivolously. Whether a restrictive rule would be effective against the, time-wasting I} ' habit is in doubt. Perhaps better than. rules and regulations wOuld be a " short,r_ betweenfsessions seminar on what; the privilege of free speech really means and how to distinguish it; from wearisome and vainverbiage. a

I " Good Salmon Catches I 4 New Brunswick fisheries officials report that this is a good year for _.-Atlantic salmon in the neighbouring Province. In 'fact, the 'fish are more _, , plentiful than at any other time in the last ten years. By July 21, 1555 salmon had- gone Up a‘fishway at BeechWood On the St. John ,River. Last year only 21 fish passed through the fishway. One Of‘the more popular spots for fisherdien is a new poo} I created by. the Beechwood power de- velopment, about 100 miles from‘ Fredericton. Daily catches of 50 are said to be common. . -

All this is very good news for New Brunswick, salmon fishing being one of its great tourist attractions. It also appears to contradict the views of fish experts who had predicted that poison sprays used in forest insect control would seriously damage sal- mon stocks. It is to be hoped that these fears will prove to have been groundless.

It is much too sobn to tell, how- ever. 'The spraying project has not yet had its full effect. In certain parts of the United States where intensive spraying has been going on over .a period of several years, it has been provedlbeyond doubt that fish life in lakes and small streams was damag- ed severely. It may be that the poi- sonous process is less harmful to sal- mon breeding grounds, for some rea- son or other. It will be some time, perhaps several years, before indubit- able evidence one way or the other is forthcoming. ! -

Lebanon Situation It was indicated the other day that the United States will discon- tinue pouring troops into Lebanon. That is a wise decision, if indeed it represents official policy. When the action was first taken, the word from Washington was that the troOps— about 5,000 of them—were meant to guard the .airport and government buildings at Beirut and to prevent the rebels from overthrowing President Chamoun by force. As soon as the sit- uation was “stabilized” it was said,

the troops would be withdrawn.

. “marriages in the industrial world.

> Communist/China’s army do kitchen,

' a1, provincial, and municipal—is es-

men were moved into the area. Some of these were maintenance men, medi- cal personnel and other non-combat- ants; but most of themlwere para- troopers and members of a tank unit, complete with armour. This, despite the fact that the political situation seems to have moderated with the election of the new President who, ac- cording to reports, is pretty generally acceptable.

No doubt, the United States De— fense Department had its own rea-' sons for building up its military strength in this way. But pending clarification of these reasons the build-up would seem to have played right into the hands of the Russians and Egyptians who have been saying all along that the United States is planning to use Lebanon as a jump- ing-off point for an attack on Egypt and Syria or some other Arab coun- try. This, of course, can be discount-_ ed. N eVertheless, most people will find it difficult to believe that 13,000 American fighting men are necessary just for guard duty in an area where, even according to American officials, the situation is getting better instead of worse.

New‘M‘ember OI UNESCO

The Federation of Malaya has joined Unesco, bringing the total number of Member States to 80.

_‘ The Federation has taken part in Unesco’s work for the last four years as Associate'Member State. Almost immediately after proclaiming its, in— dependence on August 31, 1957, it applied for membership in the Uni- ted Nations "and, .on 17th September 1957, the UN. General Assembly unanimously admitted the new state to the Organization. , .

The'Federa-tion of Malaya covers an area of 50,690 'squ'are miles.;It pro- , duces about half of the world’s na-

\

population is six million of whom al- most half are' Malay; more than two and a quarter million are Chinese and nearly 750,000 are Indian or Pakis- tani. ‘ ‘ ' ‘ ' ’ Nine Princely states and two for- mer British settlements are joined to I form the Federation. A constitutional _mo_narch, Sir Abdul Rahman, was , "elected Supreme Head ofState for a » five-year term. I ‘ H ' ~

EDITORIAL NOTES *

ALatest figures compiled by the United Nations show that 88 percent of all Canadian girls manage to catch a husband before they are .45 years of age and at an average age of 21.7 years. That makes Canadian girls second to Danish girls in youthful

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‘, i T ' It is reported that generals in. duty along with the enlisted men. As sure as anything, this is a trick to curry, the favour "of Western private soldiers who have always longed for .the day when the brass [would have

to get down toikLp.

* * *

The total expenditure of all gov- ernments on roads in Canada—feder-

timated at‘a new record high by the Canadian Good Road Association. For ' the first time in history it will go over the billion dollar mark. There have i been uninterrupted increases in road and street outlay throughout the en- 'tire post-war period. The total es- timated expenditure on highways, roads, streets and bridges is $1,044,6 million compared with an expenditure ' of $979,6 million in 1957 and $888.4 million in 1956. r * II: > II! It

Mayor Baig of Moncton predicts that within thirty years there will be one Atlantic Province with MonctOn as the capital. If we are to have At- lantic Union, however, isn’t; it logical that Confederation tradition should be followed? It was, after all, in Char- lottetown that the Confederation Fa- thers gathered—first for the purpose of discussing Maritime Union. Trans- portation was a more difficult prob- lem then than now, but, apparently they regarded the Island capital as the ideal place in which to meet for political discussion. It still is.

it * 3F

It is reported that the Federal Department of Fisheries has inform- ed the Newfoundland Association of Fish Exporters Limited (NAFEL), which for years has had a virtual monopoly in the sales of salt cod, to wind up its affairs preliminary to dissolution. This has not been con- firmed in Ottawa, but it is known that Federal authorities are not par- ticularly impressed by NAFEL’s way of handling exports, especially to the West Indies area. Some time ago a West Indies Government official re- ferred to the association as a “cartel

Since then several thousand more y,

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VOYAGE INTO HISTORY

I

By Joseph MacSwéen

O Full The Strings?

Canadian Press Staff Writer

' The role of Red China in shop- ing Russian foreign policy has be- come a prime topic of speculation in capitals around the world.

Nikita Khrushchev’s pilgrimage to Peipiug—and his sudden switch regarding a summit meeting-— certainly implies that Mao Tse- tung wields powerful influence on the Russian premier.

This isn’t the first time that Khrushchev has abruptly changed direction, and observers have wondered what allied him. _

To most people, it is much eas- ier to believe that Mac is‘ the real key to his conduct than that Khrushchev is a political scatter- Irrain. - ‘ ‘ MAIL ORDER SUMMIT

Actually, it can be said that in one sense a summit conference is in session now and has been for nearly-a year, with Khrushchev holding the initiative a large part of the lime." I ,

Many thousands of words in let—

, ters and cables testifyto the ex-

change of views among the heads of g o v e r n- ments, Khrushchev

bower, Prime Minister, Macmil- lan, Prenuer, de Gaulle, and other leaders. . Khrushchev a n d Eisenhower, in their recent exchange, were supposed to be talking about the Middle East but they touched on practically all the world’s con- l’lcts. = ’ POLITICAL CORPSE ' The Russian even launched into an essay about South America. His last letter — post-Pe'iping—— namlbasted the composition of the United Nations Security Council in which “the place of the lawful representatives, of thegreat Chi- nese people’s republic'is occupied by the representatives of a po- litical corpse, Chiang Kai-she)” In this content, it appears not

has really appeared as a decisive figure in thebachground of sum- ‘mlt negotiations. . Perhaps it is in Khrushchev’s comments a b o u t the Security Council that his change in policy is most sharply delineated, al-

S’riII Fighting GrosshOppers '

National Geographic Society

WASHINGTON‘u— Since the time of ancient Egyptians, men have fought grasshopper invas- ions with every' weapon they could-‘devise—«fnom rattles, magic spells-and clubs to fire, water, dynamite, and poison. I ' ‘

In recent decades, entomolo- gists have begun to learn. bout the pests’ breeding and s garmn lug habits, and the world’s poten- tial danger spots. For the first time, defense tactics, based on modern insecticides, could be us- ed for prevention. I

'This summer’s violent outbreak

' in Colored, Kausas‘, and neanby

States is being met by scores of

_ Government pestacontrol experts.- . In ground and 'air off-ensives‘, mil-

lions of acres of threatened land will be treated with the latest insect-destroying chemicals. WORLD—WIDE PROBLEM

But the struggle against the grasshopper (or locust as it is known in its destructive migra- tory phase) records no perman- ent victory. 1

Every year, sky - blackening swarms of locusts eat through crops and pastures in various parts of the globe. When weather and other factors favor increas- ed hatéhing and survival, the fly- ing scourge may sweep country after country.

This year has seen emergency action not only in the American Midwest but in muchof the Near East, especially Iran, Iraq, and Arabia.

PUBLIC FORUM

This column is open to» the discus-

sion by correspondents of question of

interest. The Guardian does not neses

sarin endorse the opinion of correl- ' pondents.

THE TWENTIETII CENTURY

Sir,’ In a recent issue of the Montreal Gazette a front page article regarding a speech de- livered by Prime Minister Die- fenbaker in Brandon, Manitoba, to an audience of about two hundred persons, it is pointed out that among other things‘ Mr. Diefenbaker stated that at Con- federation Canadians proudly pro- claimed that the Twentieth Cen- tury woul belong to Canada. _

Apart from the fact ,that Mr. Diefen‘braker had more than two hundred at a gathering which he attended in the small town of Montague a little more than a year ago, is it not a fact that the sentence “the Twentieth Century would belong to Canada” was ut- tered for the first time by Sir Wilfrid Laurier more than a quarter of a century after Con- federation?

No doubt Mr. Diefcnbaker was not as ignorant of Canadian-poli- tical history as it would appear, but the truth seems to be that he would not give that much credit to any Liberalfinot even to the illustrious French Canadian statesman, the Right Honourable Sir Wilfrid Laurier, whom all other Canadians, regardless of race, religion or politics, delight to honour.

I am Sir, etc, THOS. V. GRANT. The Senate, Ottawa.

, Rocky Mountain

Wherever t h e ‘ black legions strike, descriptions of ravaged areas recall Biblical lamentatious for the lands that were “as the Garden of Eden before them. and behind them a Mmlate wilder- ness; yea, and nothing’shall es,- cape them.” ’ - W

Americans began tangl-iug with grasshoppers in the Colonial era. Massachusetts f'amiers, armed with brush brooms, on at least one occasion sw'eIpt the squirm- ing insect armies into the sea.

Hordes of grasshoppers some- times met covered - wagon. teams moving west. They ate the pion- eers’ provisions, stripped the cOuntrysidc of vegetation needed for their animals. and polluted streams of drinking water.

During the Civil War, the air- borne destroyers, swooped down on a Union Army encampment on the Little Missouri River. Af- ter reducing the surrounding area to wasteland, they ate holes in the camp’s tarpaulin’covers, and attacked and bit sleeping soldiers till the blood ran.

CENTRAL AREA WORST HIT Probably the most spectacu- lar locust invasion in American history occurred during th e ‘1- 70’s. Devastating swarms ,of grasshoppers v

The AI

The troubles of Lebanon, Jor- dan and Iraq are certainly not ended, but they no longer have 'prde of place in the news. Peo- ple are taking their summer hol- idays, Or going about their daily round, with no feeling of immin- ent doom. The fear of war has receded. What has made the change?

It is not pleasant to have to‘ give the credit to Soviet Prem- ier Nikita Khrushchev; but in fact it was his call, on July 19, for a summit meeting which mar- ked the turning point. His pre- scrip‘tion’was, in one word, talk. Other nations took up the pro- posal, and from that time on the Middle Eastern crisis was no lon— ger a matter of troop landings and revolutionary coups.

It had become a matter of Idi- plomatic negotiation—acrimonious dull, at times almost unintellig- ible, but non-lethal. Amid argu- ments over whether the confer- ence should be in Geneva or New York, in or out of the Uni- ted Nations, most of the ten-sion evaporated.

DRAMATIC PROOF

This is .a dramatic proof of the value of international discussions. There is a tendency nowadays, es- pecially in the United States, to discount them. It is often claimed that highlevel conferences with the Communist nations, such as Ithe proposed summit meeting, should not be held unless there is a good prospect of success; fail- ure to produce an agreement or a treaty is regarded as an irreme- diable disaster.

Many Americans, indeed, dread having their leaders sit down with Messrs. Khrushchev a n d

blaudly engaging President Eisen- '

only important but historic if Mao.

though he made clear from the start he would not submit to council votes on summit matters. On July 23 he wrote:

_ “We fully agree to the consider- ations expressed by Mr. Macmil- lan in connection with the holding of a summit conference within the framework of the UN Secur- ity Council. . . ." '

BITTER swrrcn

‘ Throughout the correspondence Khrushchev repeatedly hammered on the thenie that “there is no time to waste” if the Middle East situation were to be controlled. But in the post-'Pelping letter his sentiments on the Security Coun~ oil were bitter:

“Unfortunately . . . the position into which the Security Council has at present been placed, when it is practically subordinated to United States foreign policy while the madority of representatives of various couutnies on. it are not free to undertake anything that is contrary to the position of the Unlted States, does not allqu us to recognize your proposal as correct. . ‘ .

I . . The US. is in effect trying to reduce the Security Cmiucil to the position of an auxiliary organ

of the state doparmncnt.j'

rose in Montana, Wyoming, and

Colorado, and spread to the Mis- sissippi Valley and 'much 'of Texas.

. The vast wheat'andcorn belt ,

west of the Mississippi is still the happy muting ground of the cationic now most damaging grasshopper . the Migratory speciés, Melanoplus -mexicanus mexicanus. The 1934 - 38, out- break‘ there cost farmers more than $315 million.

Against such , massive deprecia- tions, a few minor virtues can be attributed to the long - legged pest with the powerful jaws. Peo- ple in various parts of the world have long found grasshoppers a tasty and nutritious food. Many birds and animals wax fat and hearty On locust fare. The insects make good fishing bait, fertiliser, and poultry feed. ’

The strangest defense of the creatures was recorded ata 1cm. century trial in England — The People vs. Grasshoppers. In for- mal' proceedings, witnesses for the. prosecution tetsified on dam- age to farmers‘, crops and pro-. perty. Defense Witnesses — na- ture lovers and scientists -‘—‘ sup- ported the argument that grass- hoppers had as much right to life as humans. '

After solemn consideration, the

judge held that the grasshoppers ,

were guilty of trespassing, and subject to extermination if they remained in the cultivated fields.

ternotlve To War

Globe and Mail. Toronto '

‘sure that the Red chiefs will get the better of the argument or, even worse, use the occasion to “make propaganda”. n VALUE OF THEIR OWN

In actual fact,” owever, diplo- matic meetings h Ive a value of their own, quite apart from their success or failure in solving par- ticular problems. Disputes be- tween Great Powers such as the United States and Russia can be settled in only two ways—by ne- gotiation or by war. As long as discussions are kept in progress, even with no visible result. it means that an attempted solu- tion by force has been prevented or at least postponed,

Moreover, prolonged negotia-

tions are perhaps the best way ‘

of dissipating the public mood of anger and excitement which a major crisis usually generates, and which often pus-hes states: men into reckless and dangerous actions.

The world today is full of dan- ger areas where the interest of East and West clash—the Middle East, Germany, Yugoslavia, Kor- ea, Formosa and many others. Any one of them may produce a crisis comparable to that of three weeks ago. The Western nations must be prepared to confer at any time with Russia—and, just as importantly, with Communist Chi» na—about all these areas, even when the prospect of an agree- ment is slight. Discussion, how- ever prolonged and seemingly fu-

tile it may become, is the alter-i

native to war.

MAXIMS

Unbroken happiness Is a bore;

M

v—n

Attitude Must Be Cooperative

By Herman N. Bundesen,

HUSBTAINDIS are Victims OI pre menstrual tension. too. In Fact in many cases the whole family suffers.

Principal symptoms of thIS re peated troublesome occurrence which af“ects an estimated .70 to 40 per cent of menstruating wo- men are hairtrigger. temper, de- pression, irritability, aggressrve ness, hostility, feelingscf gun]. and disturbing changes in sexual desire.

DISTURBING FACTOR

Although no reliable study has been made on the subject, It seems pretty obvious that pre