NEWSY

orms the coat of our do- ,,?,'?iOcIaied sheep. Other animal fibres are spoken of as hair. The difference between hair and wool may well be illustrated by the can of primitive Wild Iheep. whose coals were double. with an me, coat of fine wool that had , two-fold structure: An inner. or mm; layer and an outer or cuticle men The other coat was coarse hllf each hair having a three- foldlstructure: Medulla. cortex and cuticle. Certain varieties of wild sheep have hair only, similar to the inngcr hairy fibres secured from llama. alpaca. singers and cash- - ats.

m';'l1eeEl(:'Di1I that is clipped from nllt domestic sheep is a soft elastic fibie. It is distinguished from other mum by its slender, wavy. or rtnly structure. When examined undu. me miscroscope It has a wnamt surface; this is a very ialuable characteristic. because it was wool fibre its ieltmz pro- mr that it possesses in a much mo:il- marked degree than any oth- ff filiic. .

A 5hccp's skin on wlilch the mg) is produced consists of four 1aycfSI The outer skin made PP la;-Kply of dead cells: the true skin. railcd the epidermis; then a layer gt rclls filled with minute blood ics.-rls. and the inner or corium M: known as the dermis. Hair yoi its or sack like bodies pro- jccl from the skin in innumerable niinlicrs. The wool is formed in llitso follicles and is exuded as a 1vlFt.xI1L' liquid. and when.it emerges 1-. ll1lll'lCllS into wool fibre.

Wool is a hair like covering that giants on the skin of domesticated shcrp. its fibre consists of three pans unit the medulla in the cen- no i-oniposcd of soft. globular (Tn; Next to it there are spindle- siiaiird cells knoun as corticles. the outer part is made up of ,m.ny scale-like cells overlapping liI((' shingles. This is described as having a serrated surface.

. . .

iivziinaiily sheep are shorn once mvii yi'ni'. but in some areas. anrir the seasons are very hot. incv are shorn twice each year. in the'spring and autumn. With ma- cliinz-. clllll-lcrs, some shearers are able to clip up to 200 head per rlsr The amount of wool per ani- ,,..'1 varies from three to twelve pnlinds. according to the breed of sheep and the environment, with the average fleece weighing, un- v.ia:;-icd, from five to eight pounds. tum wool goes into the markets pc flown wool. and is the product .4 .1 ..inglc year's growth Dealers. v..m'. handlers and graders want each fierce rolled and tied sep- aialciy. They can then easily di- -ikir cach fleece into the several gindrs according 'to the area of y.,..g;.ppp',; body on which the

itil'll gtcw. The most valuable wool is lilll produced on each 0! inic snoulders.

IN THE HOME&1y

the

We these four units wherever W11-size space is needed. They may be used separately or com- bined as found most convenient. As illustrated they form a hand. Ionic buffet and china cabinet with M” SIXIY-three inches long. The diawcrs and door fronts are of ill- "lfll hlywnod with tops and fram. mi "I SOUCI pine. There are beautiful plywoods available at- local yards and they come in a wide range of prices so before IIUIHHR the material decide whe- am you want to use the cabinets

r out-of-tlie-way storage or as decorative pieces. The directions W 919 pattern are illustrated with

file three dimensional drawings.

1! Dattern number is 226 and '1' mice is 35c.

APDIN the Workshop Depart- glncnl. The Guardian Publishing

81 J. L. Clhrk. D.lc- WOOL

NOTES

Lamb's wool is the first or fin- ”! CUP. Ind may be taken from the lamb at from 8 to l2 months of age. When the lamb is shorn at more than 12 months of age. its wool is known as hogg or hogget wool. This is similar to lam's wool. hpvlna n tapering point to each fibre and being of fine quality.

The life history of sheep is rec. orded in their wool fibres. just as that of fish is learned from an examination of their scales and the age of trees can be determined by their annual growth rings; The fibre diameter of the wool reveals important facts with reference to the race to which the sheep be- long and the environment under which they lived.

O O I

The serrations on the wool fibres of Merino sheep are exceedingly numerous, pointed and acute, giv- ing it a very high felting quality. Some of the coarse wools do not have more than 500 serrations per

SEGIIONAL TRAY . . . Discarded in can at uniform aiu. preferably the type In which condensed milk is sold. on: he cut in the manner indicated in drawing and then crlmped and soldered together to make storage trays that will be useful for atoring uriou small parts. '

inch. The long-wooled English Lin- coln and Leicc:'..:' sheep have a- bout l,800 serrations per inch. while as many as 2,800 serrations per inch have been counted on wool fibres from the Saxony Merino. There is also a great variation in the maximum dia- meter of wool. There are coarse wools with a diameter of 17250 of an inch, while the finest Merino may vary ffom V2000 to 1!-I000 of an inch.

In wool fibres the crimp or curl is also a very important property and plays a very large part in mak- ing yarn or in the felting of cloth. These curly fibres will spin into finer yarn and make better thread than straight fibres, as their ser- rations interlock and the crimp prevents them from untwisting.

fled wool as combing, clothing and carpet wools. The carpet wools are either carded or combed; short wools can be used for cloth- ing but for combing they should be at least 2'X2 inches in length. thought a French comb niadc pos- sible the combing of slioi-tr-r or "baby combed" wool.

The fibres of wool vary from one inch to more than 18 inches in length, according to the breed of sheep. from fine Merino to Brit- ish long wool (Lincoln). There is a record of crossbred sheep that had not been shorn for more than two years and produced fibres that were more than 40 inches long.

There are four groups in another classification of wool: (al Merino wool, tb) British wool, (cl cross- bred wool and (cl) carpet wool. The breed of sheep has a direct influence on the type of wool pro- duced. Pulled wool is hat taken from the pelts of rich animals. and is always given a lower grade.

Dr. Bowman has recorded the chemical composition of wool fibre as follows: Carbon 50.8 per cent. hydrogen 7.2 per cent. nitrogen 18.5 per cent, oxygen 21.2 per cent

0

ammonia gas and carbon "beads." This distinguishes it from cotton. which burns with a flash without leaving am ”bcads." Wool can be distinguished from silk by its re- sistance to sulphuric acid, as cold sulphuric acid rapidly dissolves silk or vegetable fibres. All ani-

on Nov. 22 and Mrs. Earle Callbcck. and Mr. and Mrs. G. V. Ferguson.

and Mrs. guests of Mr. and Mrs. MacEachern.

Everette Glover, Norboro, misfortune sustained ankle while attending to barn work.

Phall. son of Mr. are greatly pleased to learn that he went through a successful op- eration in the P. E. Island Hospital and is gradually his home in Argyle Shore.

munity life wliere have been appreciated.

Hampton

Friends of Ml". Harold Ferguson

will rcgret to learn of his present illness, requiring medical care.

Mr. and Mrs. Freeman Cudmore.

Toronto, are visiting relatives and friends here and at Appln Road.

Business visitors to Sumnierside 23 were Mr. and

Among those making a return

business trip to the City on Nov. 26 were Miss Mary Trainer, Russel Boyce and Ml". K. Dixon.

Mr. Ma cKenzic

Capt. Dan Ferguson is visiting

Chm made Imm Curly WWI has his daughter Mrs. Jack MacKin- m,ll'.:12 :;lEJr;5::;?:,Sp'i1o;)f;uggssip non, whose husband is confined by illness.

Many people from a wide area

were present. to sec and enjoy the pictures shown in the public hall on Nov.

26.

Week-and V.Sli0l'S included Mr. Douglas MacEachern, Murchison is extended to Mr. in the having occidently

injuries to his

Sympathy

Of SCVCYE

Mr. and Mrs. Boyd MacQuarrie

have left on a motor visit to points in the Annapolis Valley. During this visit they will be the guests of their daughter and son-in-law, Mr. and Mrs.

William Allen.

Argyle School pals of Lloyd Mac- Bert MacPliail.

coiivalescing at

Mr. and Mrs. A. D. liinian. Birch-

csclgimur 2'3 per mm "I ma lirtiitiliiiiithiiihtaiig Lgurllilge tlig when W” is burned it W” 0” IIIIIISISLEU ii.0”iiiifi'. dlllll'Cltbealldgu(3::tll1'i):

their services

Many attentive worshippers at

the service of public worship on Nov. heard a most. interesting survey of

28, in this pastoral charge.

mal fibres are dissolved by boiling them in a 10 per cent solution of caustic potash or soda for 10 min- uics.

Weak wool has a low tensile strength and breaks in processing; this results in the loss of a large number of short fibres, combed

"Tender" or weak wool has a fibre that is weak throughout its length. and is caused by under- nourishment. old age or chronic illness of the sheep. Wool that has weak spots that break when the wool is stretched. is usually caused by a sudden. short sickness. a per- iod of starvation that may be caused by a storm in areas a here sheep have no shelter. or by in- digestion from the overfeedlrg of concentrates.

Weak spots have occurred in wool produced at lambing time in many cases. To overcome loss from this cause, aheepmen have adopted a practice of shearing very soon after the lambing period. so that the effect of the "break" is overcome.

Wool is the most important of

all animal fibres. To be classed as

church activities. our responsibility and call to the task allcud. Hymns sung were: "Before Jehovah's Aw- ful Throne. Yr Nations Bow With

out and lost as waste material.

strong wool uliich will produce wearing fabrics, it should have a high percentage of its fibres that will stand carding. combing and spinning processes without break- ing. To secure this, the sheep flock should be healthy, given sufficient food at all times. and have pro- tection from posts and storms.

.5: WHY HAVE

giii-in sons AC

OQUR" HBOARDINGV noose

PLEASE cotzrzecr luv 3A6

EAMMA2"'-' BUT

G CTIP5 you one-ro A 6ALE,'DON"r ti-IE RATE Mona THALYA 8:6 MAIL-'

ORDER PORCELAI

Business: , -I

HEAR YOUJPEDDLED SQJZ ' 75 ,, PORTRAIT . "' r .. ' TO MY ' Z), Pl?05P5c'r, T " V EASCOAK v” x Oi-IAQEA II - . o( I. 4

MAJOR HOOPLE.

wt-teal A Guvi

z

to stain ?a--:' -x A

M i.

E6AD, BUSTEQIMUST You miss WITH COMMERCIALISM T He GEHEROUS PLAN I WAS HATCHN6 F02 Youiz YULE -STOCKING Z--3 HAK-KAcF.'.-air , -SULLIES .Tt-IE senztr it OF 6NitAG.T0 , ' I - Ge PELTED warn? - t , HUNGRY c , . i

K g. x

g I

0

Sacred Joy." "Thou Whose Al- mighty Word Chaos And Darkness Heard" and ”We Have Heard A Joyful sound." A

Mrs. W. A. MacQuarrie. son John, daughter Mrs. C. Morrison. and granddaughter Wendy Mac- Eachern, were Sunday guests of Mr. and Mrs. Milton Willis on Nov. 28. Mrs. MacQuarrie has passed the four score milestone on the journey of life.

Cascumpec

The many friends of Mr. Artemas Cameron are very pleased to see him home again after being a patient in the Prince County Hos- pital, Summcrsldc, for the past two and one-half months.

Mr. Vance Bridges. employee in the office of R. T. Holman Ltd.. was a recent weekend visitor to his home here.

Mr. and Mrs. George Lewis and family, Summerside, were recent visitors to the home of Mr. and Mrs. Harry Lewis.

Mr. and Mrs. Spurgeon W. Leard and two daughters, June and Dorothy. R.N. of Charlottetown, visited relatives in Coleman over the weekend and were guests on Sunday of Mr. and Mrs. James Thomas.

A miscellaneous shower was held in honor of Mr. and Mrs. Jack Barbour at their home in Mont- rose. Friday evening. Nov. 26. They received many beautiful gifts. Mrs. Barbour was formerly Kay Lock- crby of Cascumpec.

Mr. and Mrs Harold Ashley and faintly have moved into the home in Brooklyn formerly owned by Mr. Ashley's brother. Mr. John Ashley, who is now residing in Union Road, near Charlottetown.

Mr. George D. Warren, Mill Road, accompanied by Mr. Harry Thomas. were rcccnt visitors to Charlottetoivn.

Mr. and Mrs. Garth Harrison and family, 0'l..eary, were Sunday visitors to the home of Mrs. Har- rison's parents, Mr. and Mrs. Bren- ton Hudson.

Miss Joyce Callaghan, teacher of Cascumpee school, spent the week- end at her home in Klldare.

Mr. and Mrs. Alton Raynor and daughter Anna were recent visitors to Cascumpec, guests of Mr. and Mrs. and Mr. Murray Gordon.

Mr. Charlie Gordon is a patient in the Victoria General Hospital, Halifax, where he is undergoing an operation for the removal of I piece of steal from his eye.

-C.U.

Charlie Gordon and family,f

Tlnnly lam Silver Fox And

Quantities f or the December sales of the Nordic Fur Auction Company. Stockholm. Sweden. were listed. sale dates were December l and 3. Approximately 12,000 to 15.000 mutation mink were offered in the first two days of the sale and about 2.000 foxes on the third day. On December 15 to 18 be- tween 55,000 and 60.000 standard mink will be offered together with 3,000 foxes. From the above it can be seen that Sweden is quite a fur farming country. 0 0

yvillia, Fitzgerald. vice-president New York Auction Company, which conducted the first auction sale of chinchillas. has advised the Na- tional Chinchllla Breeders Associa- tion of America and the Farmers Chinchilla Co-operative of America, to make its second public offering at a New York auction some time in March. 1955. A minimum of 5,000 to 8.000 first and second color and quality pelts was advocated. The advantages of an auction in March, Mr. Fitzgerald said, should give the trade time to sell their present chinchilla garments and get consumer reaction, and there would be no competition at that time with any other pelt offerings. He recommended as permanent policy sales only of dressed pelts in New York, and cautioned the industry against attempts at sell- ing finished garments directly to the trade or consumer. . . .

some 40,000 ranch and mutation nilnk including the first "Canada Dark Mlnk" were auctioned under this name by the Canadian Fur Auction Sales Company, (Que) Ltd. at its special sale in Montreal yes- terday. The mlnk section included a special catalogue of EMBA raw mutations together with an initial of "Canada Dark Mink," both for the account of members of Canada Mink Breeders. There was also a separate catalogue of ranch and mutation mink auctioned for the account of Independent Shippers. 'I'he mink offering was described as many fine quality strings of standards and mutation varieties including a large percentage of pelts from all western provinces as well as eastern types.

. . .

An editorial in the latest Black Fox Magazine and Modern Mink Breeder has the following in part: "The sale of live" mink for breed- ing purposes outside North America has been frowned upon. The Na- tional Board at its last annual meeting passed a resolution to that effect. Many individual ranchers condemned the practise. However, the sale of live mink for export continues. To our mind the dam- age. if any, in export sales was done years ago. This attempt now to stop foreign purchases of live mink is like that old adage about locking the barn after the horse is stolen. Some foreign sales have been made by our most reputable ranchers and European breeders of mink now have our most: recent. mutations. The countries to which American mink have been sold are termed friendly countries and it is to be greatly doubted if the United states Government will put any ban on the export of mink. The present trend in government has been for what is termed 'tree trade” and this trend is likely to

continue.

"American breeders who have visited Europe in the past few years all report the quality of mink they havle seen abroad as

ICE CREAM .-rm...

- OHS new GALLOIIS

Mink Farming

far "below the quality here. They say the Scandinavian countries are five years back of us in producing quality mink. Animals bought in this country lose their fine fur quality alter a year abroad and their offspring never acquire it. Undoubtedly the American breeder must meet more and more foreign competition. His future success de- pends upon improving the quality of the mink he raises. He should make every endeavor to stay five years ahead in his knowledge of raising top quality mink." . . . Our comment on the above is that it ..ppears to be very reasonable and we believe tiiat our Canadian ranchers will agree that what is required is constant improvement in quality.

The Joseph Ullman Brokerage Corporation. New York, is this year celebrating its, centennial in the fur business. The firm was founded by Joseph Ullman in 1854 at Saint Paul, Minnesota. He and his wife went to Saint. Paul in a prairie schooner in the 1850's. The principal business was trading bea- ver ancl buffalo skins with the Minnesota Indians. The firm then moved to New York where it is located at 252 West 28th St.. and is headed by Joseph Ullman, a grandson of the founder. who has been in the fur business for 54 years. Vincent Ullman. ; great- grandson of the founder, now heads the ranch mink department. The above item will be interesting to W. Cheater S. McLu.re, who in 1915 as manager of the P. E. 1. Fur sales Board, was the first man to interest the people of the United States in silver fox. It was with Joseph Ullman that he made his first connection. Mr. Ullman was delighted with the quality of the ranch raised silver fox and very shortly brought. it into prom- inence and created a. great, demand for it. The rest of the story is familiar - how American cottoned

Turkeys

We are taking orders for Christmas Turkeys, choice Purina feed birds, well known for their excellent flavour; also delicious home canned

turkey. GREGOWS TURKEY FARM, Cornwall Dial 7666

The Guardian Page 11 Saturday. Dec. 4. 1954

onto this product of Prince Edward island, how ranches were estab- lished and the industry grew to enormous proportions. Mr. McLu.rs always apoke most. highly of Mr. Ullman as a. man for his many fine qualities and high principles

in business.

one

This was taken from the latest Black Fox Magazine . . . A further development in the long-awaited return of long-haired furs is on the way with the current program of the American Fox Breeders As- sociation. which is promoting three new types of fox - each magnifi- cent in its own coloring - under resigstered trademarks by arrange- ment with the Genadian National Silver Fox l3recdcrs' Association, These new types are: OPALINE Pearl-Platinum Fox. ONYX Silver Fox and PALLADIUM Platinum Fox. These three exciting new kinds of fox appeared again and again in the recent Paris, London and New York collections and are being promoted in an ('XiEIlSll'B advertising campaign which in. cludes full color pages in Vogue Harper's Bazaar and Town and Country. backed up by substantial editorials. Advertisements abroad are running in leading fashionl magazines of Canada, Germany. Italy, France and England.

The Murray river, largest river system in Australia. extends l,- 609 miles.

C G

MODEL 33 SAW I I

Emily cuts through c I-foot log in

15 seconds. Cuts within 1 inch of the ground. Weighs only 20 lb ready to sow.

see it now!

ISLAND C0-OP SERVICES LTD. ' 58 Fitzroy Street Charlottetown, r. I. I.

FEDERATION of

QUEENS COUNTY:

KINGS COUNTY: PRINCE COUNTY:

Information and discussion view of Federation activities.

meetings.

PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND

QUEENS COUNTY - PRINCE COUNTY - KINGS COUNTY NOTICE OF ANNUAL MEETINGS

TUESDAY, December 7th P. M. Sharp. Birch Court -- Experimental Farm

THURSDAY, December 9 at 1:30 PM. New Perth Hall. -

FRIDAY, December 10th. 0'Leary Public Hall - 1:30 p.m.

silage, Potato Marketing Board, election of directors, re-

at New Perth and O'Leary during the evening of the above

AGRICULTURE

at 8:00

on livestock grading. grass

Farm Forum short courses

LUGG AGE

REFRIGERATION

any make of electrical re- frigeration equipment.