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_e@overs Prince Edward Island Like The Dew W. J. Hancox, Publisher :

Wallece Ward Frank Welker Managing Editor Editor

Published every week dey morning (excep! Sun diy and stetutory holidays) at 165 Prince Street, Charlottetown, P-.E.|., by Thomson Newspapers Ltd. Brench offices at Summerside, Montague, Alberton end Souris.

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PAGE 1 TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 16. 1965.

Of Vital Importance

To all concerned in the fight that has been waged against the ravages of tuberculosis it is encouraging to note that in this Province, during the past ten years, the death rate from the disease has been reduced from 9.9 per 100,000 to 3.9 per 100,000. Of the 670 deaths from tuberculosis in Canada last year, only two occurred in. Prince Edward Island and the number of new active cases discover- ed reached an all-time low of 30.

But this doesn't by any means imply that the battle has been won, even here where the-evidence of progress have been so marked. Our tuberculosis case register contains the name of 883 known Islanders who are harboring tubercle bacilli, and are -cHecked on once or oftener annually. It is estimated that 257 of this group will have reactivation of -the- disease at some time during their lives, and constant vigilance is necessary to protect others from contagion. The need remains, especially, for an ac- eelerated case-finding program, to follow up tuberculosis converters among children, to detect, segregate and treat all active cases lest they af- fect the most vulnerable segment of our population. : ;

Health officials advise us that far from being ended, the search for in- fectious cases and follow-up of known positive tuberculin reactors must be continued for many decades. We are warned that in-some provinces, and in some states of the neighboring re- public, there has been a market up- surge of new active cases of tuber- culosis; minor epidemics are frequent- ly reported: The most alarming facet of the control problem today is the emergence of drug resistant tubercule bacilli. = ;

* All of which is a reminder that tite Prince Edward Island Tuber- citlosis League is still on active ser- vice, and that this, its 59th annual Christmas Seal campaign which opens téday, is of vital importance in carry- ing on its war of attrition against one of mankind’s most deadly plagues.

A Wretched Showing

Among the journalists who came 80 grief in predicting the results of last week’s you-know-what was. that able and widely-known commentator Charles Lynch. In a recantation of his pre-election views Mr. Lynch starts off by saying: ‘‘All prophets, pun- dits and prognosticators repeat after me: ‘I will never again underesti- mate the political appeal of John Diefenbaker.’ And: ‘I will never again overestimate the political appeal of Lester B. Pearson’.”

The whole thing was a chastening

fm favor of the Conservatives ena more clearly opposed to Mr. Pearson if it hadn’t been for these cocksure predictions. In the case of the Gallup Poll, the Fredericton paper maintains that nothing could have been more biased than its figures. Some of them, actually taken before the campaign had even started, were interpreted by readers as an up-to-date finding made during the contest and fivere used as a main argument in favor of “a vote for majority government” by

Mr. Pearson personally, by members © ' of his government, and by the press,

radio and television. The misleading information continued, right up to the eve of the election. .

Writing in the Winnipeg Fre e

| Press, a strong Liberal paper, | Maurice Western has the same criti-

cism to make. He notes particularly the “incomprehensible fact” that the Gallup Poll consistently reported a Liberal lead on the prairies although the Conservatives were on their way to sweeping victories in all three provinces.

Other pollsters. such as Peter Regenstrelf, a political science pro-

| fessor from New York, also set them-

' station. .

inder that le’ litical judg- | reminder people’s political judg tmebal

ment is a far subtler process than the

polisters can ever hope to gauge and |

forecast with any degree of unerring accuracy. Perhaps the most glaringly- inaccurate sampling was done by the Gallup Poll—or The Canadian Insti- tution of Public Opinion, as it is call- ed in this country. On the Saturday preceding the election, in its final forecast of party strengths, it had the Liberals winning 44 per cent of the popular vote, and the Conservatives 29 per cent. The actual résult show-

ed the Liberals with only 39 per cent |

of the popular vote, The Tories, on the other hand, accounted for 33 per cent.

Amazingly, the Gallup Poll praises its own “accuracy” and claims that its figures were reasonable and within a “normal sampling error.” When translated across the country, they ac- tually represented a grave margin of error, and there is no question that they tended to confuse and mislead the electorate. Liberal campaigners were not slow in capitalizing on them

_authoritative evidence of the

d the campaign was taking. _ “The’ Fredericton Gleaner makes a point when it says the vote would doubtless have been more decisively

selves up as experts and made out- landish predictions which, when the election results were known, turned out to be guesswork and poor guess- work at that. This so-called “poll” of a foreigner was thrust into every home by the CBC.

A House of Commons investiga- tion of the activities of these gentry has been suggested by Attorney Gen- eral Robert Bonner of British Colum- bia. Certainly they represent an abuse of democratic privileges which has outraged public opinion: in this case, and should go far to discredit them entirely in future.

Into The Shadows

Noted at Washington is the fact that Rhodesia’s independence procla- mafion bore a striking similarity to the opening paragraph of the Ameri- can Declaration of Independence. Some of the phrases, indeed, were nearly identical.

The American Declaration of ‘1776; for example; began: -“When~in the course of human events, it be- comes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth/ the separate and equal .”” ete. Rhodesia’s declara- tion said: ‘Whereas in the course of human affairs history has shown that it had become necessary. for a people

‘to resolve the political affiliations

which have conected them with other people and to assume among other nations the separate and equal status to which they were entitled . . .” However, Rhodesia’s proclamation did not include anything similar to the famous line in the American Declaration: “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalien- able rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.’”” We are reminded, too, that it was the author of the American’ Declara- tion of Independence, Thomas Jeffer- son, who said that “no government ought to be without censors, and where the press is free none ever will.’ The attitude of the white Rhodesian government on this point is in striking contrast.” As soon as President Ian Smith made his in- dependence declaration, he began to erect, in British Prime Minister Harold Wilson’s- words, ‘‘all the sick- ening apparatus of a police state.” Press censorship was immediately

As a result, Rhodesia’s two daily

| “newspapers, the Herald in Salisbury

and the Chronicle in Bulawayo, have

| been published with blank columns | where their leading editorial would -

normally appear—mute testimony to

the fear which a totalitarian govern- ©

ment holds for a free and independ- ent expression of opinion. A promin- ent clergyman, in a Remembrance Day service broadcast by the Rhodes- ian radio, told his hearers he had first to submit his sermon to the censor for approval.

All the fine phrases borrowed

| from a nobler independence declara-

tion are meaningless in conjunction with this state of affairs. All too evidently its misguided leaders are bent on taking their country—not up the sunlit slopes of freedom but into

| the shadows of a worse tyranny than

it has ever known under British rule.

EDITORIAL NOTE

Australia now is producing the

world’s largest cultured pearls. A newcomer to this international in- dustry, it began nine years ago. In

the arc of about 2,000 miles across

Australia’s northern coast there are |

now 15 pearl farms

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OTTAWA REPORT By Patrick Nicholson Touching On Some Epistolary Topics

Letters letters and still more letters - bless them.

Mr. _H.J. Giesbrecht writes from Sarnia to say that a Sea Ranger Crew is being organi- zed there which might be nam- ed after the famous ship which first sailed the Upper Great La- kes. What is the correct spell-

ing of the name of that ship? he |

asks.

The ship was built in 1681 by the Frerch ex-'sre- Rete 22 bert Cavelier Sieur de Las

Recalling “Fulton

ing although the variations Griffin and even Gryphon have Hheen-used.

The Archives have a lot of in- ; formation on the Griffon includ- ing accounts of the presumed recent discovery in Lake Huron;

/

s Folly”

National Geographie Society

Robert Fulton, whose 20th birthday was celebrated on No- vember 14, is chiefly remember- ed fot developing the steam- boat. He spent equal energy try- ing to perfect the submarine.

Fulton’s submarine Nautilus was hounding British shipping off the coast of Napoleon's France in 1801, 27 years before the birth of Jules Verne. The imaginative French writer used the same name for his wonder- ous craft in the book. ‘Twenty

Thousand Leagues Under the _ Sea.” = Fulton's “diving boat’ was

operationally . successful even though it did not sink any British vessels. Later he offered the in- vention to the British, but they rejected it; after the Battle of Trafalgar made them masters of the sea. IN PENNSYLVANIA fl

Fulton was born in 1765 on a Pennsylvania farm. In his youth he went.toEngland_to_ study. art; he later moved to France and devoted most of his time to engineering.

After the submarine setback,

| his interest in steamboats was

encouraged by the American -Mminister to France, Robert R. Livingston. The minister’s inter- est was not casual; he was a former chancellor of New York and held a monopoly from the

| State Legislature for steamship

rights on state wagers. ;

A pact signed by the two men in, 1802 combined Livingston’s finances with Fulton’s genius. The following year a forerunner of the Clermont was launched on the Seine for steam trials-

Normally blase Parisians were astounded by Fulton’s steam- boat. One local newspaper de- scribed it as ‘the strange spec- tacle of a boat moved by wheels like a caf and turned by a fire engine.”

Buoyed with confidence, Ful-

One Toe ¢ On The Pe

ton returned to the United aged

my path.”’ ‘

Skeptics flocked to a New York pier on a warm, misty day, August 17, 1807, for Clermont’s debut.

The boat had barely pushed away from dockside when it sputtered and clanked to an em- barrassing stop. The trouble was soon remedied. A few minutes later Fulton heard the onlookers’ catcalls changing to cheers. The Clermont plowed up ‘the Hudson at a heady five knots. She rea- ched Albany in a record-break- ing 32 hours. : ;

The Clermont, though not the first steamboat by any means, proved that steamboats could be commercially successful. It ish- ered in a new age of transporta- tion.

The voyage to Albany also marked a milestone in Fulton's personal life. Aboard the Cler- mont was his beloved Harriet Livingston. Before they reached Albany, her betrothal to Robert was announced by her cousin, Mr. Livingston.

years, he was honored for many inventions including a machine for spinning flax, a marble cut- ter, and a power shovel for dig- ging canal channels.

Following Clermont’s success, Fulton designed the first steam warship to defend New York harbor in the War of 1812. It

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