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CHABILDTTETOWN GUARDIAN

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SXFLYRDAY, JANUARY i.

V,________.. The Fisheries Portfolio

' An ominous suggestion is convoy-cl in the Canadian Press despatcli, pub- lished in yesterdays Guardlliil, uitll respect to the repeated “early pas-i- bllity” of the appointment of a sep- crate Minister of Fuherics in the King Government. Tile ominous feat- ure is in the fact that the news o! the proposed appointment follow.- Premicr King's announcement of a Cabinet readjustment shortly to be made in the interests of Quebec, to compensate that province for port- folio concessions recently made to the Western Provinces. "While it is not suggested that the creation of a separate Ministry of Fisheries would necessarily mean another Quebec bdiinister.” says the report, "such a new department may figure in the rqadjust: rem. which it is proposed to make."

The Fdaritime Pmvinczes have all along contended that the fisheries of Canada should be administered by aéseperaie department, It is general- ly‘. admitted, also, that Prince Ed- ward Island has a prior claim upon 7pc position, since its Cabinet rep- resentation was taken from it by the King Government and it is now the only province without a voice in the councils of the country. As far back as February mt, Canadian lfressreports from Ottawa indicated the probable appointment of a Efrinceuldward Island man to tho position, mention being made of the names of Mr. R. H. Jenkins, M. P.. far Queens, and Dr- Cyrus J. Mac- siiiisn. at the same time the oc- tiwa Journal reported the rumor that Hon. John E. Sinclair, Mr. Jen- kfiis‘ colleague, might be appointed tA-Q some official post and resign his seat to make way for Dr. MacMillnn. ‘This news was highly dfspleasing to‘

the local Liberal machine, which had ‘ hitherto controlled the nomination of‘ candidates; and its displeasure was manifested in tho peeved attitude of l the local Liberal press. It was ex/ pooled that Mr. Sinclair. who at the

last election was supposed to have, hid the Fisheries appointment in hLsI pocket, would be recalled into the

Clabinet, that his colleague would, slip into an elevated position o; homo i stasis: "via-mid be free from political

efnbanussmenis, and that a brand: new candidate, already plcircrl, irouiri‘ bd nominated for the scat vacated by Mr. Jenkins The Liberal powers} here and at Ottawa being at log r-i heads, the result wrisacicadiocicTilc‘ mutter of a Fisheries appointment

was shelved and Lieutenant. Gavel- 31°F Heflrtl, vrhose term of office ex- pired last September. is still carrying oil without any intimation that the] appointment of a successor Ls evcni 5010B considered. Now the proposal to! "We a separate Ministry of Fish- eries is being‘ revived, and there is’. no mention whatever of a Prince Edward Islander filling the posiilon, or of the right of this Province to any consideration in the Cabinet shuffling that is going on.

‘Here, surely. is an opportunity for our Liberal representatives to ad- vanes their interests and secure be. In"! T9°°Ihltion for their Province from the Federal Government They (in demand a full consideration of

our claim upon the Fisheries port- folio,‘ irrespective of political exigen- (*5 in Quebec or elsewhere. Faillngi tiliat consideration. and as a proof, i! their sincerity and determination, they clnrelign. Such a gcstura on the pert of hitherto subservient sup-

porters would. we predict, create a profound impression at Ottawa. And! €ptofmmd impremion at Ottawa is? Insulin; um w: haven‘! crcstcli; ' 8m. John A. MacDonald and: grilled the Govern-

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ibuifer into Canada should coincide

lllore New Zealand Butter

Yesterdays Guardian reported thei airivai in Halifax on New Year's Day of 6,811,500 pounds of New Zealand butler, tlie largest butter shipment ever landed at that port, consigned to Upper Canada and the Maritime Provinces. This is starting the New Year with a vciigcuncei For the twelve months ending Nov. 31, i928. ive imported 15,758,251 pounds of New Zealand butter valued at $5,561,- 495. For the correspondingvtwelve moiitlis ending Nov. 31st last. year. these butler imports had risen to 32.182386 pounds, valued at $11,424,- 476. It is estimated that for the same twelve months ending Nov. 3i, 1930. the imports will be over 50,000,000 pounds, or in value nearly $20,000,000.

The strangest feature of the sit- uation is the manner in which this foreign butter, sold throughout Can- ada. in competition with the home product, loses its identity as soon as it reaches a Canadian port. It comes cvcr in bulk. in six and seven million pound cargoes, as New Zcaiand but- er. It is landed at Halifax, arid- presto!—it disappears. The destina- tion of these enormous shipments is admittedly the Maritime Provinces and Central Canada. ‘Iliere is no doubt that the shipments arrive and are unloaded Yet the retail purchas- er no longer sees New Zealand but- ter on the market. Not only is it sold in competition with the home pro- duct, but it Ls disguised so as to re- semble the home product, and there is nothing on the product or on the wrapper to indicate that it is aforeign importation. This. to our Canadian dairymen. is the most intolerable part of the situation.

It is unfortunate, too, that the wholesale dumping, of New Zealand

with ilic adoption by the United Stat- cs of ‘a policy of practically complete protection to the virtual exclusion of Canadian dairy products. If the Can- adian producer obtains 35 cents a pound, delivered to the big cities, for his butter. the American producer. with the protection of if cents per pound, can obtain 49 cents before he has any competition from importa- tions: whereas the Canadian produc- er with a protection of only l cent pcr pound against New Zealand im- ports, has tlx price of his butter flx- ccl by the price at which New Zea- lnnd is willing to sell. The attempt is being made in Lib- eral quarters to offset the claims of our dairymcn for tariff protection by appealing to the cupidity of the coli- sumcr. By reducing the tariff and gllitting the market with foreign im- portaiicns, the consumer gets cheap- er butter. But it must not be over- looked than the consumer is also a producer of something. and if the farmer is to be able to buy the ar- ticles produced by the agricultural consumer, he must obtain a reason- able profit on what he (the farmer) produces. If the importation of New zealand butter continues to increase, it is evident that it will eventually lead to New Zealand obtaining con- trol of the Canadian market for dairy products. This in turn will nieana serious reduction in Canad- ian dairy herds which will place us at the mercy of foreign producers who can, as our demand will exceed home supply. pui, the price of butter at any level they desire. The consumer. as well as the farmer, will then have to pay up and look pieasaut..The mon- ey will have gone out of the country, an important home industry will have been mined. and w: shall have to start all over again by building it up with the aid of adequate tariff protection.

Editorial Notes

‘age is still official, equally with the

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Notes By Th; Way 3

__ Our Island people are descendants of four great racial stocks who had their homes in S atiand, England. Ireland and France In each of these the blood was strfirg, the bodies ro-5 bust. and stalwart. the temperament courageous, enterprising and varied. France once owned all of Canada. and under the great Napoleon. nearly became dominant in the Old World and the New. And although no long- " Willing Yule in the Dominion, she has loft her impress upon it to a far greater extent. than has any other foreign nation. The French langu-

Eiiglish in our national Parliament and our highest law courts. French-speaking statesmen had much to do with the moulding of the British North America Act, which forms our national constitution and the foundation of all our governmen- tal institutions: and a large contin- gent. of their successors in raoe and language in our Parliament still have niuch w do with shaping the destinies of Canada. _

We owe much to our forbears in the British Isles and France. Col- iectiveiy they made us heirs of a great history. great traditions, a do- minant spirit, a great literature, il- lustrlous deeds and memorable names. ‘transplanted from the old world to the new, the Canadian race. as we must now call it, has lost no- thing of its strength or its virility.

Still the blood is strong. be it Eng- lish. Scotch, Irish or French, and centenarians of all these races are a". numerous in proportion to popula- tion here as they are in any land beneath the sun- speech is free and we have liberty of the press, along with equal privileges for every creed. Our system of Government ls bas- ed on sound principles of right and Justice. The executive government of the day. of whatever political stripe it may be, in dominion or province, is always freely criticised for its good. and this is helpful. All demo- oracles are prone to excess at times and all governments have need of the free discussion and criticism by pres and platform. It is beneficial and we have it," unawed by influence and unbribed by gain." For all these reasons we may at the beginning of the new year look forward confident- ly to a great future for the Domin- ion of Canada.

The week ends in a season of long- continued and comparatively mild weather, with many light falls of snow and occasionally of rain. dur- ing which period the snow covering town and country has gradually in- creased. The seasons weather is pe- culiar in this that the usual "Janu- ary thaw" seems to have begun be- fore the month which gave it its fa- miliar name. ‘A

Our city population grows but slowly, largely owing to the fact that mortality within the civic‘ boundaries during the past year was. most re- grcttably vcry high. It was not due to any lack of virility in our native born people. other contributory caus- cs to slow growth in population are to be found in the consolidation of business firms and the" closing of sev- eral commercial conccrns which sup- plied employment.

Otherwise our beautiful city made good progress -in theerection of new and creditable buildings. the exten- sion of paved streets, and so on. And the outlook for the coming year in new structures that will add to the adornment of Charlottetown audits attraction to visitors is particularly bright- -

The picture theatre fragody- in Paisley. Scotland. was among-the most. fatal and distressing of a num- ber of wholesale fatalities that have occurred in recent years. A panic in a crowded hall, with a company mad: up largely of little ones, is fearfuliy uncontrollable, pitiable and 516ml!!!

t The latest news from India brings some relief from the alarm that wa§ felt. No early or general uprising is now expected although much discon- tent still prevails. ‘

A separate Department of Fisher- ies is now admitted to be -

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PHYSICAL bIFECTS CAUSE “BACKWABDNESS“

When 1 was ‘a youngster at school 1 often woundelod why some‘ boys remained in a class for a whole year. or two sessions, whilst the majority of the class moved ‘forward every half year up to l. certain grade, and every year thereafter.

Now whether it was because the boy was sick, was kept at home. or was Just naturally dull, didn,t enter in/w the matter in those days. ' ‘ After a miileihe got sltbig’ that he was ashamed to be in the some class‘ with the smaller boys. ‘and so piayhi hookey or went in “work.

How chanced» Ill this is now. If a boy or girlisnot "making the glide" an effort is made to find out the reason..

If aickneu is the cause, the school doctor investigates the case in con- sultation with the family doctor.

If the youngster la being ‘IWPV 1Y0"! school, the truant officer soon has the parents on the carpet about it- Am ii one youngster seems to be not Just as bright as he should be for his age he is put into a special class for ‘backward’ children.

However in the examination of backwardc‘ children they‘ find that about 25 percent had some phyfllcll defect which has consid able to do with their mental bsckwaldness.

Dr. T. I'm-gluon. Edinburgh, tails us that of ‘I0 feeble minded children who ail/tended n. Special elm for "l-t least two years and‘ have been kept under observation for at least five years after leaving school, 40 MW“ 511 in mu _ ployment, some of them skilled-meclufics.

Of ‘the backward children treated. so percent were ‘sumcintly immwéd to assume their normal places in school. .- Wfhile 40 percent of the backward children were naturally a little ‘dull! 1;, me other. 60 percent the backward- ness could be traced w physical defect or illnme. ,

Now the-lesson for parents is that if their youngster is not prograaainf well at school, that they do not i118‘- let matters bake their own course but have the child examined by the family doctor; e defect in heart-DC. 111 eyesight, bad beet-h, infected tonsils. any of these defots may be prevent- ing real progress at school.

WHAT DRAGO S Here in the lamplight on the yellow wail I pin a coloured map of the "known world," Its lettered continents and oceans all Guarded by monsters quaint and fierce and curled.

Oncc men sailed ships by this! And thought they knew That trick to which cartographers resorted, v "Put terrors where no knowledge is," one crew , And captain found a new wolld. though distorted. ’ '

What drngonsihreafen man's long ciriiorltion

‘ throat is usually sore, but so slight that it is no: noticed. It is

begin to change a little. The throat

Inward! Himself is perilous to find. Ife has no chart, yet seeks a narrow. nation Rich and l remote, lea-ling some Spain behind. _ Then-the true discoverer s exulta- tion, ‘ Leaning from crow‘: neat, shouting. "Mind hol Hindi". -John~ A. Helm in Palms.

THE‘ LAND WE LOVE 0y naml vuoa

claims of Quebec must be consider- ed." and no mention made of the claim of Prince Edward Island. "'

at Ottawa. But we are told fthe"

BAULT an. slam

Q. What la the history lot Sault Bti'.7liii-i¢f' _' '

A. leuikflts Marlo has l. history that. rum beck J00 years. Bruls visited the spot tea years amt Champlain

IHHHYS KID N EY

A dress parade of all the bootleg- gers of the oommunit, on New Your‘:

Dfifllrlfllllinltialsumof dl,'wmu"m.u.miw‘mb_ M“? fwhwnfirvo stlt-ntlfortlietipio-bellelllj-l can-amm-

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‘ounded Quebec in i000. Bruie had ' da with Champlain as a

ng centri for thv- Ollbway mdlan: who aging in lnngfellows unison. uicomcanuo onaoo in 1m. m- ' hon also pound throulh on his III in amps-s Iayund in ion non: ' oetablbhed ,1» ulnion

‘min to ms actua- cm. and which

_ The uCutty-‘Sarlfa.

ifiom the New York Infill Tribune)

The Cutty Bark, it is announced is to be l ditionod for a cruise nut summer among various British ports. Evan after all the ailment flint

bu been expended upon tbs clipper ‘ mm, w“ h.“

ships, one still must answer to the splendor of their famous names and tn the associations they carry with them. For some time now the Cuttv Bark has been lying in semi-re- tirement. at Plalmouth. rescued by a retired British shipmaster from the indignities of Portuguese registry- and restored to her original name and rig as a monument. to the pat. The English have worshipped hel- since her restoration, and although shc is not so well known here aha is a worthy representative of the use she commemorates.

Built sixty years L50 at. Dumber- ton on the Clyde. for the China tea trade, she is the only one of the great fleets of American and British cllpeirs that. has been preserved. She was fast. she was beautiful, and hsr name-taken out of Bobby Burns- almost alone would have entitled her tn fame. Driving under her great clouds of canvas in the long race from the Orient for the bounty on the first cargo home. she made some famous passages. Her single day's

rim of 363 miles is credited as a rec- ord and she has beaten mall staun-

ers in‘ her time. One envles the Brit- ish a little. The cliper ship was af- tel- all. an American invention, the towering masts, the enormous sail spreads and the incredible speeds in whidh the age of sail put forth its last great effort were inspired from ‘New England shipyards. But we have preserved no one of their splendid products. We can only bow to the Outtv Sal-k, a Brent daulh of a great line. ~ a

The Toxoid Treatment

To Prevent Diphtheria

The following timely information is furnished by the Canadian Social I-lygiiene Council: '

In this article an attempt will be made tn show how tho diphtheria germ gets in lb deadly work, and then you will --l! yomdo no already know to your oorrowurealin why we should take advantage of the powers of pre- vention which medical. scientists have put into our bands.

The discovery of-dlpliitheria forbid was one of the mose valuable eon- ltributlons to the welfare of tho hu-

manraoe uiatiics Ii! beep-madame

we owe a groair to ‘the acleima which has given it in us.

We can classify diphtheria with three varieties:

(I). Diphtheria. in tbs first variety begins with a slight fever and an in- crease in the pulse rate. Sometimes the patient feels chilled and feels pain in the back, the arm and legs. The

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nearly allwaya very mild in the firlt

stage. Usually there is difficulty in swallowing. ,Unless checked these symptoms let worse.

(2). The second varieiy is like the first. except that. the throat is very

sore and the diphtheria membrane

appears on the tonsils and beck of the throat. (3). The third variety starts as the

cu} at once.‘ "first, uic touin my act

on the heart milsclss, chm, and kill the patient. The second thing that maybaoveir in that the diphth- eria membrane may form in the vic-

lng and causing death by strangula- tion. . . . people uy that filth. smell or something else that can be sensed causes diphtheria. but that idea is wrong. In every cuss, without a single exception, the dis- ease is passed from person to person. The germ is the sole cause and ii. can be transmitted only from one person to another by close contact.

The deadly little germ was dis- covered in i883 by two Hench scien- tists, Loeffier, and Kleb, and it if sometimes culled by their names-l The "Klob-boefflen baccilius." Th l germ itself is so smallithat it can. be seen only under a powerful micro- scope. '

If it weren't‘ for this germ there would be no ifiphtheria. 0f all the causes of death between the ages of two to fourteen years. diphtheria ranks second only to accidents. It is the aim of the medical health of- ficers and, the medical profession at Large to wipe diphtheria off the list of child mortality causes altogether. The widest pmsible use of the tox- oid immunization is the only prac- tical way in which we can accom- plsh our‘ end. Careful ervauce of quarantine rules is another import- ant consideration. -

Diphtheria toxoid. and anti-toxin have. as with vaccination. been the target of certain persons who oppose any advance 1n sclence.,D0n't listen to a mm or woman who cells ‘you that n poultica on the neck or gulps of hot whiskey are nough to cure diphtheria. If you listen to such wild tail; you may-and moat. likely will -killyourownchildasuureiylslf you had used a tun.

The knowledge ofmedical men of thesublect. of this disease is. not mere theory- It is fact. We know just what toxold and anti-toxin will do ms what they won't do. Selen- tislsmado the most careful tutu before they used either on a human being. They tested both in their lab- oraioriei in‘ every conceivable way before the first child was meltd- Wo know that toxoid and anti-toxin u», mo only two potent weapons-we have in oui-‘fight against the dis- use. This has been demonstrated countless times in practice.