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lurton Lowia Frank Walker Incentive Editor Editor '4 ..Puh|iahad ovary waek day morning (armpit Sun

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" PAGE _c_iiloanv. “FEBRUARYlas,

A Rival Attraction

Royal commissions are supposed to function in a rarefied atmosphere above the smoke and din of partisan politics. Evert so. the Carter royal commission on taxation has se: something of a precedent by decid- ing to proceed with its investigation in spite of the hectic campaigning weeks ahead on the federal level. Hearings are to be held in Ottawa earlv next month, and will continue across the country during the latter part of March and for some time thereafter.

This causes our sturdy Liberal Contemporary. the Winnipeg Free Press, to shake its head reprovingly. One of the more useful functions of any royal commission, it says, is

that its hearings become a kind of public forum in which all aspects of a controversial subject are brought out into the open for discussion and analysis. It fears that in the atmos- phere of an unusually intense elec- tion campaign the commission’s hearings are likely to be completely submerged. And, of course, there is the pros- pect that the commission will be reporting to a government other than the one which appointed it. The government which is elected on April 8 may want to extend the commission‘s terms of reference and perhaps alter its membership. The Carter commission will be conducting the first complete review of taxation ever undertaken in this country. and it would be “tragic if ’its task is impeded or misdirected 'In a sea of political controversy." But why should it. be impeded or misdirected in the manner which “the Free Press suggests? The com- . mission‘s venture is a bold one, to ' be sure; but if it: is nonpartisan in 'i its activities. why shouldn’t it carry ‘on as instructed? Its terms of ref- erence were indorsed by Parlia- ' ment, and should not be subject to post-election interference. As for : its hearings being “submerged” in “ the froth of campaign activities. -perhaps the reverse will be the : case and the electors will welcome this rival attraction. It will give i them something besides politics to 7 think about it, and it could have a lsobering effect in assessing the 3 value of the more hectic perform- : ances that will be. going on under the Big Top.

jFrance's Booming Economy .

Few finance ministers could have j had a more cheerful message than Valery Gisard d’Estaing when he j told the French national assembly the other day that their Country had r become one of the world’s leading 3 creditor nations in 1962 with gold : and foreign exchange reserves of $3.7 billion. This after prepayment . or $409 million debt to the United 1 States. ' Another index of the surging ‘ French economy is the $1.3 billion . in foreign aid spent by the govern- ". ment last year. most of it to former

. ‘, France the highest per capita donor of foreign assistance in the world ’ T and second only to the United a ‘i States in total amount of foreign I ‘ aid granted.

I Leatyaar personal incomes jump "ed 7%. par cont and personal con- sumption roaq almost as fast. Auto- mobile phduction ran more than 20 par ant thud of 1961. Paris de- w store sales increased 15 foot“. over 1901. Total output of economy grew by about almost exactly the rate In the national plan. Thla

sauna-x— -s-m. ...

7 colonies in Africa. This total made .

year the plan calls for total output to grow by 6 per cent. By compar- aion, the United States economy has been growing by 2 to 3 per cent annually in recent years.

Three developments are credited with being largely responsible for lifting France from the shambles of World War Two: American aid ($9.4 billion worth since 1946); political stability restored by Gen- eral de Gaulle after his return to power in 1958. and the stiff com- petition of the European Common Market. It is this economic well- being that t‘ortifies de Gaulle in pur- suing his brusquely independent line towards Britain and the United States.

But commentators note two dark spots to mar the generally favorable picture. These are rising retail prices and labor costs. In the third quarter last year the French retail price index was 5.6 cent higher than a year earlier. The price of bread, for example, rose in November for the second time in a year. And wages last year rose twice as fast as production. If this trend contin- ues. it could cut into domestic in- vestment and make French goods less competitive in world export markets.

U.S. Wheat Referendum

As agricultural committees in (‘ongress go to work on President Kennedy‘s message of Jan. 31 on farm legislation, the subject breaks down into four main categories—- wheat, feed grains, dairy products, and cotton—each representing dis- tinctive problems. The commodity on which sharpest attention focuses is wheat. Among growers of that grain the administration has called for a referendum under legislation of 1962 in which producers will be asked to approve of what Charles E. Shuman, president of the American Farm Bureau Federation, calls “the tightest, most binding controls every seriously considered for any farm Commodity.”

These controls would be more binding than heretofore because they would regulate not merely the acreage planted but also the num- ber of bushels marketed. In this sense, it is claimed, they would make of the wheat growing industry in the United States a kind of mammoth uti'tel in which the grow- er would be assured of a favorable price but his place would be deter- mined not by ambition but by a his- torically based allotment.

Wheat referendums .in the past have approved acreage allotment systems. but by diminishing Votes. It is possible there may be difficulty in getting the twodhirds majority required for putting the present pro~ posals into effect. In that event the. President has asserted that the wheat farmer would be left with- out “either support management or effective price supports.”

Existing law provides, h ow- ever. that price support shall be given at one half of parity, which now would be $1.25, compared with prices around $2 for this summer’s wheat in the future markets. It is expected that Congress, being still in session. would be spurred to take some action in anv case.

EDITORIAL NOTES

There’s no question that election campaigns are getting too long. This one, comments the Ottawa Journal dourly. will have lasted a year, when it is over—if it's over when it's over.

. t I ‘

Marshal Mikhail Tukhachevsky was a czarist pft‘icer who become one of the top Red Army military com- manders but who was executed in 1937 in a Stalin purge. Now, to mark the 70th anniversary of his birth, the Soviet government has announc- ed the issuance of a commemorativa postage stamp in his honor. It seems that the surest way to posthumous glory in Russia nowadays is to have been martyred under Pram i or Khrushchev’s former boss.

Adlai E. Stevenson, U.S. am- bassador to the United Nations, was the recipient of a well merited award last week. It was from his

'alma mater. Princeton University,

and it took the form of $1,000 for best exemplifying, in Woodrow Wil- con‘s Words, “Princeton in-the nu- tion’s service." Mr. Stevenson was graduated from Princeton in 1922. The award was set up in Wilson’s name by the alumni as- aociation. :-

THE RELUCTANT SANCHO PANZA

LIBYA'S TRANSFORMATION Turning Ooses Into Boom Towns

National Geographic News Bulletin

WASHINGTON —— Libyans. who have lived for centuries on the edge of poverty. now have a more pleasant problem -— in- stant prosperity.

The North African kingdom seeks to devise a sound spend- ing program for an estimated

I $500 million in oil royalties and

taxes that foreign oil companies will pump into the national poc- ketbook over the next five

v years.

Revenue from the large all deposits, discovered In I959, has brought swift changes to the ancient desert land of nomads and small farmers.

HIGH HEELS T00

Remote oases have turned in- to 20th-century boom towns where cars outnumber camels. Hotel and restaurant owners ca- ter profitably to foreign oil per- sonnel. The twin capitals, Tri- poli and Benghazi, have super- markets and Beneath their flowing veils and robes, Arab girls wear lipstick. nylon stocking. and high heels.

The Libyans trained to work as skilled laborers on oil rig s are receiving record~high wag- e

S.

More Libyans are going to school than ever before. When Libya became independent 12 years ago. its academic popula- included 16 high-s c h 0 ol

graduates and 25.000 students.‘

150.000 youngsrers are In . In 1960, the new Libyan University enrolled 4‘25 under- graduates. and 279 Libyans

were studying In colleges b d ‘

a ma . The oil industry. though Lib- ya's biggest boon. still employs relatively few Libyans. several thousand at most. About 90 per- cent of the country's ,2 , people live along the Mediter- ranean in a narrow coastal strip growing barley. vegetables. figs oranges. and dates. Only three percent of Libya‘s soil has suf- ficient water for farming.

One of Libya's major exports has been the desert crop o scrap iron left from the World War II campaigns of Rommel and Montgomery. There are perhaps six million land mines. booby traps. and unexploded shells still buried in drifting sands. Oil-company trucks have armorplated floors for protec- tion against explosions. In pla- ces. every fool of ground must be checked before oil crewa can

I explore and drill.

ibya has been called “the

world's largest sandbox." It is; nearly three times the size of l dealers often attracted custom- as .was lgold mounted wolf‘s teeth. Col- :

Texas and has less than two in- habitants to a square mile. Be- douins. dressed In Biblical garb, drive their herds of camels and goats across a blistering sand- scape where temperature soar to 135 degrees Fahrenheit In the ahade. Here live the desert fox

superhighways. i

gand a shy desert rat that looks Ilike a toy kangaroo and walks 1 upright.

l In ancient times when little was known and much imagined 3 about Libya. Herodotus describ- ed strange tribes that ate lo-

lcold. sweet water spurted from lsalt hills. One desert tribe. said Ithe Greek historian. spoke a language that sounded like bats { squeaking.

custs and lived in cases where; is bleak future. Oil has changed .

l Parts of Libya formerly were 1ruled by Britain and France.

jUnder a 1951 United Nations 112- i

,‘solution, an independent king- idom w s l provinces. 'lli‘ipolltanla. Cyren- iaica. and Fezzan. ‘

Af Independence, Libya faced

{that Now Libyans find new Thope in the saying: Bukra al'ld,

tor “Tomorrow comes the feast- i ting."

Allen Harvey Canadian Press Staff Writer

Canadian Press Staff Writer Prime Minister Diefenbaker's

rules out any hope of transform- 1

‘ing the association into an eco-

‘ The P.M.’s London Visit

brief visit to London affords an occasion for the first face-lo- face meeting of Commonwealth leaders since Britain was shut out of Europe.

The trip was arranged months ago with the sole purpose of enabling the Canadian prime minister to have conferred upon him the honor of becoming a

freeman of'the City of London. I

i Since then. Britain’s attempt ‘to join the European Economic Community has been frustrated by France, leaving British pol- ‘icymakers uncertain of the next .move. Extra interest therefore attaches to the "working dfnv her" at London's Admiralty 'House Saturday night between i Diefenbaker and his host, Prime lMinister Macmillan.

After the breakdown of the i Brussels negotiations. Diefen- :baker said In Ottawa that Brit- ain had chosen the Common- ‘weallh over the Common Mar- lkel. He. also reiterated his con- victlon t ommonwealth trade could be accelerated.

British ministers will show in- iteresl In specific suggestions for Commonwealth trade expansion lParticularly welcome In White- l'hall Would be some indication .that club members are prepared 1 lower industrial tariffs gagainsl British goods. l Enthusiasm for the Common iwealth as a panacea for the na- illon's economic ills has notice- ,any dwindled in official circles.

l

nomlc unit similar to the Euro— pean Common Market.

Commonwealth is "real. but fragile." This view was ex- pressed in London last Tuesday in a speech to Commonwealth ' correspondents by K e n n e t h

lYoungcr. director-general of the .

,Royal Institute of Common- wealth Affairs. Discussing lihe disarray in Bril- ish affairs a It er Brussels Younger said the nation should not allow ilclf lhc luxury of thinking it can “fall back" on the Commonwealth by “lighten- ing up" the preference system

or setting up joint investment boards. “For one thing. the other

:wouldn't accept the Idea." said. formerly minister of?

Younger. vstale at the foreign office.

A similar warning came from Sir William Hayter. former Brit- 'lsh ambassador in Russia.

“‘valuable as the Common- wealth is, it is perhaps regret- ,table that its existence some- times blinds us to the realities |of our situation in the would."

Such attitudes are commo 3among British ministers. Ther

1are many who hope that Britain, 3

despite President de Gaulle. lmay In a popular phrase “catch

a later train" for Europe. But;

until that tlme arrives Macmil- lan will be eager for any crumbs of Commonwealth com- ;forl that Diefenbaker. and later the prime ministers of Aus-

formed from th r e e ,

I] e 1

1It Is felt that the geographical jtralla and New Zealand. can 3 :disperslon of member countries tprovide ’ h S Wolves Teel To tomps Milwaukee Journal In Ancient Rome. cosmetic ‘ But it is likely that none of

ers with free trinkets such

onlal merchants In the United

States offered free sewing need-

|les to gel. business. More recent- lly. free coffee and candy for the lchlldren have {lures In our stores.

Wanted: A Horp Mender

Fred Rosa In The Listener

Today there Is no longer a harp maker In the Principality

of Wales

Nor it seems is there anyone

who takes his harp to a party In Wales and then breaks during one than

choruses that make Twicken-

Rugby XV comes south.

He will have to pack his harp off to -— of all places — London to be mended. And this not only .costs money, but also takes time- 1

New harps are rarities. and most of them come from France. 1 am told it Is possible to buy

Iliad for arbou

one from 500 ithe harps become fewer and pounds or from America for ;fewer. Iboul 700 Pounds but these m a With understandable hmeui.

prices that would even shatter the self-assurance of an elsledd-

fod comper

This is serious that the Welsh sic Society. Cymdelthaa Danl. has stepped eleventh tinctlon this centurtea - old art.

Harp Mu-

It Is planning to open In Mont.-

e. a national drills—so

Cerdd In at th e hour to aave from ex.

well.

It Is not only the nail nal ela- lt teddfod but also the m rousing bards held In almost every town

iuage of heaven.

‘or longing. they remember the lgnlden days when harplata and lharp makers had their patrons.

leading members. may he laat chance to save the harp.

come familiar

gomeryshlre a workshop that will not only repair harps but eventually manufacture them as

tings of

and village in Wales that need ham tremble when the Welsh I the harps; other organizations too are concerned In the revival of Interest in the muslc that by tradlh’on accompanies the lung-

So It is with some dismay that E the Welsh Harp Society looks ‘ over a land where planes abound ;and even jukeboxes resound but

But lyrical though the Harp Society may be. It Is also practlcal.

' The workahop. says one of Its our

merchandising gimmicks as successful as the trad- ing stamp. Although first intro- lduced in the United States about l1890, the trading stamp really idid not catch on until the mid- il950's with the growth of super- } markets. .' Today. trading stamps are ‘big business. An estimated 77 per cent of all American famil- Ies collect and redeem them— ,between $700 and $800 million iworth last year. It takes more

these

l I

ate stamp (Irma and

tlon, according to trade sources. Trading stamps

stonary was

trading stamps.

in the Unlted States to trading stamps: about. 8 per cent of the

per cent of the total dis-

aomethlng for nothing.

than 125,000 employees to oper- II-lpllly merchandise for stamp redemp.

can be re-l deemed for everything from ap- pliances to school buses. Even a mule for a LIma. Peru. mis- reported to have been purchased wllh redeemed

n executive of one company

attributes 14 per cent of the to. tal dlslributlon of heating pad:

rIbullon of electric coffee ma- kers.

Trading stamps. In short. play

Proof ls Locking In Diet Theory

By Dr. Theodore R. Van Della: A DECADE has elapsed ainca we first began to hear the pub- licity about choleaterol and low {at diets fc.- prevention of heart attach. Despite the passage of years. we still have no proof that reducing the amount of cho- lesterol in the blood will ward off coronary thrombosis or pro- long the life of a victim of a heart attack.

The logical explanatlon Is that may factors other than diet play a role in the revelopmeut of handening of the coronary ar- teries —— the basic cause of the ordinary heart attack. These elements include the emotional and behavioral pattern of the in- dividual. lack of physical activ- ity. excessive smoking. heredity. and the person’s sex.

Obesity and high blood pres- sure also enter the picture. In addition a magnesium deficiency and several nonfat nutritional substances are implicated, so as excess salt. protein. and car- bohydrates. But the cause of heart disease in one person may differ from that in another. Avoid extreme views in single area and practice mod- eration in all things. Including the diet.

Cholesterol is not necessarily synonymous with coronary heart disease; and an elevated level is not a sure sign the heart will ‘ffer. But we cannot write off cholesterol entirely because an elevated level is a high risk factor. 0n the other “and, as mentioned previously. the possi- bility of a heart attack is In- creased by high blood pressure. obesity. changes in the clectro~ cat-diagram. heredity. or the sex of the individual.

We ought to avoid glultonous eating and get down to it nor- mal weight. Eating some but- ter, cream. milk. cake. marga- rlne. meat. and eggs will not kill anyone. But take it easy if the blood cholesterol level elevated. Discuss the diet with your physician and try not to go overboard by demanding I cholesterol {that you have read or heard

bout.

BLUE SKIN

t G. R. writes: What cause the skin to turn blue be- sides cold?

, Disorders of the heart and lungs are common causes of cya-nosis. The blue baby is an example. In polychlhemia, the skin darkens because there are too man-y red blood cells and too much hemoglobin. Cyanos’ iresulls from taking certain

drugs in large quantities. 0b-

struction in the throat or larynx . also shuts of the oxygen supply ‘ and darkens the slain.

HICCUPPING FAMILY H. A W

rites: Are prolongedl

spells of hiccups (lasting days) inherited? My huband has this condition and his father had ll 00.

REPLY

The possibility exists in your 1 family but we might assume th cause rather than the hiccup is ihereditary. A thorough medical examination must be done to " determine whether hiccuping f has an emotional or an organic basis.