gpxcerooicg THE GUARDIAN

Authorised II second Clan Mull Pout Offlu Department. Ottawa. The Island Guardian Publllhlng Co.

President and Auoclnli Editor, Auoclnte Editor, Funk

CIRCULATION "Coven Prince Edward lohnd

Inn A. Burnett, Walker.

like the dew"

"The Strongest Memory II Weaker Than the Weakest Ink".

CHARLOTTETOWN, suunnnr. JUNE 23, 1952

School Ends, Education continues

Schooling is far 'from being the whole of education and although the school term is over the education of the youthful schol- ars goes on. Whether they go to camp, accompany their parents to the shore or get summer jobs or all three, they are learning about life in a more vivid way than is usual in the classroom. .

The habit of initiative and the develop- ment of intellectual curiosity as well as the playing of games are all important to their well; rounded growth. Camp is par- ticularly valuable in this respect, teaching the young boy or girl both self-reliance and at the same time the art of getting along with others of the same age, although sometimes of vastly different outlook.

The schools have adopted many of the principles of that great leader of boys, the late Lord Robert Baden-Powell, but they have not yet been able to capture the atmosphere of high adventure with which B.-P. surrounded his whole programme of youth training.

,Titose Tax Agreements

Our tax rental agreement with Ottawa this year will give us S3,915,67l, instead 3f the guaranteed minimum of S2,977,015. How is this figure obtained? It's all very simple, according to Finance Minister Ab- bott. It is based, in each of the five fiscal years beginning with this fiscal year, "on the ratio of per capita gross national pro- duct and of provincial population in the year preceding the year of payment com- pared with the new base year, namely, 1948."

Under the old agreement, the calculation was based "on the average 0 ratios for the three years preceding the year of pay- ment in relation to the base year 1942." This 3-year average had the effect of bringing greater stability into the adjust- ed payments by spreading out the effect of a sudden change in economic conditions. In a period of rapid growth, however, such as we are now experiencing, the 3-year aver- aging process would have a tendency to slow down unduly the increase in provincial revenues. The Provinces therefore were given the option of choosing either an ad- iustment based on a 2-year average or one based simply on the data relating to the one year prior to the year of payment. All the Provinces so far have elected to accept the l-year calculation option.

Under the old agreements the quarter- ly payments began on Sept. 30 of the cal- endar year and the last one was made on June 30 of the following year. Under the new agreements the adjusted payments to he made in respect of any one year will be paid in quarterly instalments within the fiscal year-June 30, Sept. 30, Dec. 31 and March 31.

Fascism In South Africa

in the days when the name of Field

Marshal Smuts was synonymous with free-l

rlom and the Rule of Law, Canadians were prone to regard the Union of South Africa as a sister member of the British Com- monwealth enjoying the same traditions and the same liberties which form part of our own constitutional heritage. It was to be the tragic and sinister fate of Smutsl polit- ical rival and successor, Dr. Malan, who now holds the post of Prime Minister, to set the clock back to the era of totalitar- ianism which now grips that unfortunate Commonwealth country.

Prime Minister Malan's cold-blooded racial discrimination legislation, which rel- egated South Africans other than those of European origin to the Boer equivalent of the Ghetto, was ruled unconstitutional some weeks ago by the Union's Supreme Court. Nothing daunted, Dr. Malan's Government continues its headlong descent towards totalitarianism. The Senate has passed a "High Court of Parliament" bill giving the Government power, whenever it sees fit, to overrule the Supreme Court itself. Police brutality, censorship and the all-pervading spirit of fear have gripped the country. Under the guise of suppressing Commun- ism, trade union officers as well as mem- hers of Parliament have been compelled to resign. .

Civil war in South Africa would be a tragedy the repercussions of which would echo around the free world. Yet unless a

Are! election is held, and held quick-

ly, there seems little hope that either the

inative African or-Asiatic inhabitants of

the Union, not to mention the white minor- ity of Anglo-Saxon origin, will have any other alternative if freedom and the Rule of Law are to be preserved from the authoritarian dictatorship of Dr. Malan's regime.

cost of Protection

In 1816 a report to the United States Congress advocated the policy of Protec- tion which that nation has ever since fol- liowed. Behind tariff walls her "infant in- dustries" became industrial giants. The be- ginning of the end of the sales without pur- chases was in 1930 when Britain was forced to abandon her historic Free Trade policy. That made Protection an almost universal policy and deprived it of all benefit, which in fact had only been of value while industry could enjoy a protect- ed market at home and at the same time flood the Free Trade world with any sur- plus. Canada, like other countries, had to adopt Protection in self-defencie.

A new report was presented on Mon- day by a presidential commission which reverses that 136-year-old recommendation. No nation's raw materials are inexhaust- 'ible and it has come to be recognized that la policy of exporting as much as possible and importing as little as possible may bring what is called a. "favorable balance of trade", but the result is to leave the country poorer in real wealth.

As the sources of critical materials dry up the problempbecomes more urgent, par- ticularly while the world is still governed by power politics. It takes a long time to change the fixed opinions of people and Protection was certainly fixed in Amer- ican mentality.

I

EDITORIAL NOTES

Festive Week opens. O 0 I ,

Tomorrow, 3rd Sunday after Trinity,

Feast of St. Peter. O I 0

Farmers of this Province have shared in the general increased use of farm ma- chinery. The jump from S5,800,000 worth in 1941 to equipment valued at S16,261,- OOO in 1951 is at least on a par with the -rate of mechanization across Canada.

9 O O

Contact with different peoples ls'sup- posed to improve manners. It does not seem to have done so in Korea where U.N. negotiators have begun to walk out of con- ferences in the best Russian manner while ia Red negotiator may still be speaking.

& It 0

This project of making newsprint from sugar cane waste has all the attraction of the earlier inspiration to burn discarded slack coal. In that case, however, the ma- terial in question soon became a valuable commodity rather than waste.

The Treaty of Versailles was signed this date 1919. It provided for A League of Na- tions, surrender of territory, principle of self-determination. German disarmament, occupation of the Rhineland, war guilt, reparations and .other matters; Most of the provisions were violated later.

0 0 0

It is curious. to say the least, that the amended provisions for veterans' "burnt out pensions" only permit veterans to earn 96120 a month without reduction in the al- lowance, rather than S125 a month for sin- gle men and 55250 for married veterans as formerly. Otherwise the new legislation improves the position of these men, in- .creasing the actual allowances from 3540.41 and 70.83 a month to .150 and .ii90.

We are so accustomed to almost end- less stretches of sandy beach in this Prov- ince that it comes as something of a shock to learn that the city of Ottawa finds it necessary to manufacture a beach. Begun last.year, the project is not yet completed but workers in the capital are all ready to sun themselves on the send as though they were really down on Prince Edward Is- land. ,

I O O -

"Science is neutral," says Professor K. Mather, F.R.S., on the BBC. "It is in es- sence a way of collecting, codifying and utilising knowledge of the world around us. This knowledge may be put-has often been put-to serve the good of us all. It may--if we so choose-betpressed into serv- ice as a weapon against our fellow men. It is then a tool serving the baser side of human nature; a tool which, given the will, could be turned to serve the cause of hu- man betterment. We should deplore the prostitution of science, not its existence. We should seek to redirect it, not to abolish it. For if the spirit of scientific enquiry is killed--if killed it can be-we should say goodbye not merely to the things we may fear from it, but- also to the thousand and one benefits it has showered on us and which we so complacently take for grant- ed." '

Old Charlottetown (And 2. 1.1. ) A

o.m.

!'IREM'.ENiS EXPENSES

"We are glad to learn that not- withstanding the opposition of sev- eral of the City Councillors, the Fire Brigade of this city will at- tend the grand Centennial celebra- tion at St. John, N. 13., on the 18th. It will be remembered that after receiving the invitation to attend from the St. John firemen, Chief Large, on behalf of the men. asked the Council for a small grant. to help pay their ex- penses over and back. The Coun- cil, after much wrangling, agreed to do this by a. majority of one, but Chief Large wisely refused to take one cent, unless the vote was made unanimous. The matter was happily brought to the attention of Mr. Brecken, M.P., at Ottawa, who procured for the men free passes over the Intercolonial and back."

-The Examiner, May 16, 1883.

749., ' ?beZi(3zaei

There is no sizing up these two; And whether what they plan to do

Is work, nr sit. in the June sun You cannot tell by either one.

For this one. though the crows- feet grow mm"

Around his eyes and axe and hue

Have curved his fingers, seems to SEO .

A joke un'known to you and me.

Pixamineti closely, he appear:

To be somewhat younger than his yours.

And this onc-- well, the thing in- Si r is taller than he Is. And the

pride

Behind the v-yes, that spreads from then-

To fists and feel, and hend-of- hair.

And ti-nuser's hitch. and shouider's sw1ng- - Is big enough for anything.

- Charles Bruce, in Canadian

P? 30g360&60&eG0Or00'

ggflie Aige-Old Story

Whatever Canadians may think, most. foreigners would agree that this is the moat. fortunate nation in the world today. This results mainly from the character, energy and good sense of the Canadian people, not from the direction of its government. Howcve , if things were different the government as- suredly would be blamed. Ii: is entitled to some credit when the nation prosper; and progresses in even more important directions. Assuredly it gets that credit. In abundant measure from 'forelgn- ere.-(Victoria Times).

During a brisk windstorm over New York City last week, lawyers on a. top floor of a. Wall Street skyscraper were dismayed to see a sudden gust; snatch papers out of their office windows. Before any- one could rnise a. hand, the prec- ious documents were floating east. Ten minutes later Van Alystync, Noel and 00., a brokerage firm on the ninth floor at 52 Wall Street, two blocks away, phoned: "We are glad to say your papers have just. errived.-- (Newsweek Magaz- ine). .

People of the district who re- member the grass-grown streets and Aha "' oi houses of a few years ago, are constantly amazed by the progress that is being made in the bustling tow of Espnnola. Steps have been to en in Espion- ola. to have a public library board govern the affairs of the town's new s30,000 library, and it can be forecast with confidenc that suc- cess will crown the effbrts of the people to have one of the best libraries in Northern Ontario. People in Southern Ontario who speak of the North as being on the fringes of civilization will get a. shock it they venture out of their backyard: and see such things as the fine library build- ings in Northern Ontario cities and towns.- (Sudbury star).

For more than I. year now the charity fund raising movement has been considering how best- thls problem of multiplicity of

These Suits are cut

mcnts.

A wide selection of

Than cold one unto him. Lord. are there few that be saved? And he said unto them. Strive to enter in It the strait. gate: for many. I say unto you, wui seek to enter in. and shall not be able. When oncc tho master of the house in risen up. Ind hath shut to the tloor. and ye begin to stand with- out. and to knock at the door. saying, Loni. Lord. open unto us; and he shall mower and say unto you, I know you not whence ye are: then shall yo begin to say. We have eaten and drunk In thy presence. and thou hut taught. In our streets. But he Ihlll say, I tell you. I know you not whence ye are: depart from- me. all ya workers of iniquity. There Ihlll

be weeping md gnuhlng of teeth,

when yo Ihlll nee Abraham. and Inn. and Jacob, and all the prophets. In the kingdom of God. and you yournelvel thrust out. And they shall come from the cut. and from the went, and from the north, and from the south, and shell sit down In the kingdom of God. And. behold. there no lut which IIIIII be tint. and there are ftnt which shall be hot. For If ye Iivo after the flesh. ye shall vllo: but If ya through the Spirit do mortlfy the dead: of the body, ye shall live. For as many II are led by the Spirit of God. they no the son: of God. . . The spirit Ihoif harolh wltneu with our spirit. that we are the children of God: Ind if children. than heln: heirs of God, and Joint.-heir: with

Chrllh

Q x.iNotes B);Thel Way .1

i

3)

drive: can be met and the (recom- panying problem of setting up some sort of a board of review to give the public guidance on the worthiness of the many appeals. Some planning has been done but so far no very noticeable progress has been made at individual com- munity level. The spirit. of public generosity is as great now as it. ever was, but. If something prac- tical is not quickly done to allay people": increasing, exasperation, the sources from which much good comes are bound to start drying up. -- (Regina Leader-Post).

It comes an a shock and I I'll!!! reminder that time: have changed on the farm to read that a whip- persnapper of a 12-year-old school kid has been crowned Manitoba's champion piowman at Portage lo. Prairie. He beat a. crack field of as of the province's beat. to win his title. Incidentally a. veteran farmer of '13 was the oldest com- petitor. This is just about the last: word in precocity and it's apt to give anyone who has reached the sere and yellow of 40 years an inferiority complex. In defence of the oldaters, however, it. should be said that since the tractor ousted the horse from the prairie farms most of the artistry has been tak- en out. of plowing. Anyone with 3 good eye can now turn a straight furrow.-(Winnipeg Tri- bune).

COMPIJIITE VISUAL B.EFRA(.'TION Ind ANALYSIS

G. F. HUTCHESON

8: SON Opfontet iota Grafton SI.

MADE-T0-MEASIIIIE suns

to give you wearing com-

fort-the style gives you the confidence of being up-to-the-minute" in appearance, too.

Individually tailored to your exact measure-

fabrlcs to choose from.

my Store for MEN

139,Kent St.

IJABHJTY

so many thing! can luppe

cldentai things Ire liabilities upon to meet.

The complexities of modern life make I men's me: much wider than in commonly realised.

compensation.

Charlottetown, P.E.l.

INSURANCE

Wm-on

Shorter Training For blurs;

(The Canadian Nurses Association) '

A report Just. issued by A Joint repetition must. make this ch Committee of the Canadian l!idu- ough and it must. deal withmi cation Association and the Can- wide variety of medical co .1 action Nurses” Association has tlon: and surgical pmcedl? 1' found that nurses can be trained More important still is the 885' at least as satisfactorily in two gree of integration wlicich ,5 WEI years as in the usual three years vldcd between theoret al instru . but only if some new sources of tlon and practice. The CO

.g JUNE 28. 1953 X

revenue can be secured. ll scheme ' , to provide only enough clinical experience for training purposes, more graduate nurses and other paid personnel would be required and a larger part of the coat. of nursing services would be paid for in money instead of in student services. On the other hand, I shorter course and much better conditions of training might be expected to increase the supply of more nurses substantially.

An experimental two-year "Dc- momtration School of Nursing" has been in operation since Jan- uary 1948 in Windsor, Ontario, under the supervision of the Can- adian Nurses' Association and It- nanced by the Canadian Red Cross Society for B four-year period. As an independent school it had its own board of directors and was associated with the Metropolitan Hospital for clinical practice. With the. approaching end in October of the experiment an evaluation was I necessity and this was ar- ranged through the cooperation-of the Canadian Education Associa- tion.

O I O

The Joint Committee included Dr. J. G. Althouse, Chief Director of Education, Ontario; Rev. Eis- tcr Denise Lefebvre, Institut. Mar- guerite d'Youviile; Min Evelyn Mallory, Director, School of Nurs- ing, University of British Colum- bla; Mr. Allan Mccallum, Deputy Minister of Education, Saskatch- ewan; Miss Agnes Macleod, Di- rector of Nursing, Treatment Ber- vicea, Department of Veterans Af- fairs; Dr. A. J. Phillips, National Cancer Institute of Canada; Miss E. K. Russell, Director, school of Nursing, University of Toronto; Miss Helen McA.rthur and Miss Gertrude Hell (president and gen- eral secretary, Canadian Nurses' Association); Dr. H. P. Moffett and Mr. F. K. Stewart tp.e.sident and executive secretary, Canadian Education Association); Dr. A. R. Lord, Vancouver, was named Di- rector of the Evaluation.

The absence of any considerable uniformity in the programs re- quired by Hospital Schools of Nursing and of any generally- accepted criterion for measure- ment. made two steps necessary In this evaluation. All relcvent in- formation was first sccurell con- cerning the Windsor school, fol- lowed by similar data. for three "Control" hospital three - y e a r schoole and comparisons ' were drawn. Two "Control" schools were in large Ontario cities, one was in Saskatchewan. and All were highly recommended by pro- vincial authorities."

Between admission and gradu- ation the Windsor school lost 992: of its students, "Control" schools 2179 to 309'... The reasons were: Windsor, "Unsuitsbiiity"; in "Control" schools, "Dislike of N u re 1 n g", "Unsuita.bilit.y", "Ill Health". Absences, because of ill- ness. were fewer in Windsor and available time for study and for recreation was much greater.

0 O 0

Wide differences in content. of curricula made comparisons diffi- cult but. all graduates must clear one last hurdle, Registered Nurses' Examinations. Windsor's overall average was 78.47: and "Control" schools 69.71347, 70.599 and 70.796. some subjects are optional for nurelng schools. Among these are Mental Health, Public Health, Psychiatric Nursing and Tuber. culosis Nursing. In one "Control" school none was available, in ur- other about one-third received Psychiatric training and in the third either Psychiatric or Tuber- cular could be taken. In Windsor all four were compulsory and the use of Mental Health and Public Health ...'nclplu in all pects of nursing was a significant upect of the program. I 0

Clinical experience is, of course, the most important part of g nurse's training. Supervision and

In such t is would be used

points out two reasons why 'f,?:ff

aims were much more 9

sum: in Windsor than .?.””.V,,,.;:- year schools. The latter mus; gm; first consideration to the nursm needs of the hospital whue inf former is concerned first with pme viding the right. type of pram”.- Also Windsor had two classes, f' schedule at any time while "coho trol" schools had always 51;; um; providing a problem which' Ms impossible of solution.

C

All students in Windsor l'eCeli'cd the some amount of experience in each major clinical field and, my largely. the same types ..-mun each field. Practice was carried out under constant and l.l'i0l'Dugh supervision and was so closely in. tegratcd with theory that the m, were seldom more than a day or two Apart. All "Control" students received about the same total amount of practice but. there ii'Pi'e wide variations, sometimes mom than fifty per cent, within earn clinical field. Supervision was ex. ceilent but theory and practice, despite conaiderabble effort, were usually separated by several week. and were even sometimes in (iii- ferent years.

The cost per year of trai i student. in about the until: K1: each type of lchool. roughly 81800, hence each "Control" school three-your graduate cost about 31300 more than a l.VI'D-year Windsor product. Payment 15 3 different matter. In "Control" schools students paid more than 7579 of these costs with their ser. vices and the hospital's ”payinl patients" met the rest. In Wind. sor students paid 550 per year 1,, cash. probably 3340 in scrvirrs and the Red Cross grant Dl'0VifIm'( the balance.

.

The Joint Committee has issued "4 TCP0” 15 I Purely factual statement of the development and Program of the Windsor experi- ment but,beceuse of the influence, the School may have on nursing education, has added certain con- clusions which have been reached, These include: (1) The average graduate of the Demonstration School. compared with the arm. age graduate of "Control" sclionls is at least as well prepared 1...- bedside nursing and better pre. pared for tuberculosis and psych- iatric nursing: (2) The unusual educational values of the School are: I weeklystudent load which enables instruction to be by 35. signments and class discussion; close integration of theory and practice; a. better preparation for advanced training; (3) Clinicgl experience is sufficient in amount and in variety; (4) The value of Dsychiatric experience is so con- siderable that. its absence from n nursing school program is re. KFGI-table: (5) When a school has complete control of student's Limo nurses can be trained at least. as well in two years as in three and under better conditions but the training must be paid for in money instead of in service. some new source of revenue,fa the only solution.

L I N COVIPN, England A (or: - Charles Butler has an effective weight-reducing method, Aftpf clearing the site and building his own house. he found his weight had dropped from 238 to 182 pounds.

Have Your Clothes DRY CLEANED PRESSED ONLY

at RITE-WAY

CLEANERS Phone 2387

PROFESSIONAL CARDS

Adjoining North American I-Intel

Dr. W. R. Carson

'- A CARRUTHEBS Allison M. Glliis. t ' - LL o OPTOMETRIST ' ' PHONE an BAEEISTEIEMSOUCITOIL 123 Kgm 5"." .7 130 Richmond SI. - Ch'tmvn- (Next to Simpson's Agency) Phone I590 BYIIUII J. GRANT, 0. 0. Dr. A. L. Muclsouc onomrrnrr ”3"1"5"' ' IMM Kent strut mum X..." puoug, no ' GLORIA BUILDING

I'liI Grafton St. Phone. 291

EEEEEETTRWEM

Chiropractor - ' Bu H4: 0. Boiicitoi-I Palmer Graduate ":3 3,100" st. CIIAELOTTETOWN 01-T Aw A. Phone 1018 201 Prince 81.

n, In be home. the office. Ih the

street and even on the golf course. Yet these unexpected, ac-

whleh any mun may be called

For employers there In also the eonlidorntion of their legal Illbllity to office staff: and other: not covered by worlLmen'I

It In just such contingencies that Liability Insurance in do-

Ilgncd to meet.

We will be glad of an opportunity to serve you. i

HYIIIIMAII & co. no.

-Offioolt 1"

Imunnec Sines II?!

Agonh uu-ounouc. nu rmimo.

Bell. Mathleson & Foster Bnn-istern. Solicitors. etc. -R. R. BELL Q.C.

G. R. FOSTER. LLB. Loans on City and Farm Properties 150 Richmond Street

D. L MATHIESON, LL.B.. QC.

Supreme A Exchequer Court. Departmental and Parliamentary

Agents. Pntenu, Trademarks, Coi1yI"K""' Corporation. Taxation. CIIECOWEE and Excise and Gonenl Pracli John :1. McDONALD. MARCEL JOYAL.

Charlottetown. 9.15.1. Iur.Nmrrn ll. rooAI1Tf-(g

' II. II. Mill! and COMPANY

CIIAITEIID ACCOUNTANTS 168 Great George BL, Chnrlouatowl g g Phonon I080 - M71 - Box 141 IANDOLPH W. MANNING. 0.A. . IRMA P. MIAPHEIIBON (-5 other olflooe It lluilfu. Moncton, st. loIm'I, Amherlt. 99'” mouth. lentvtllo. Liverpool. New Glasgow and Truro

IlcDONAl.I). OUIIRIE 0 O0. onnnnn .AeuouN1AN1'I

Ilntral. Quebec. Ottawa tomato. lulu John. lherbroon. Vancouver. Ilnlnl

uh. loocou. Ihnmn. chm-Iomtowu gugbpgu I034

oumo pug. ounommm