PAGE FOUR

THE GUARDIAN

-Autht-ii-I-zed in second cl-u nun Post Office Department. Ottawa. The Inland Guardian Publishing Co.

'l1(lIiAtorA ainidilllanaglng l)l:e-c-t-or. Ian A. Burnett. Anocllle Editor. Frank Walker.

CIRCULATION "(tavern Prince Edward Island like the dew”

"Tho strongest memory is weaker than the weakest ink”.

(?I'IAllI.0T'l'I'JCI'0WN FRIDAY. JULY II, 1951

' screw Propeller Inventor

i

great in Denmark. A similar comparison could be made between Ireland and the Philippines. The agricultural population per !square mile of cultivable land in India is

a matter of great concern to many people, and undoubtedly it is extremely high. But

iit is equally high in Italy, where the re- lturn per worker is more than twice what lit is in India. If someone could explain to

the Indian .not how to operate milking machines and tractors but just the simple arts of dairying and fruit growing and rice cultivation as practised by the Italian peas-

lant, the Indian would within a few years ,be twice as well off as he is now.

1

"The Dutch have a rural population per square mile of cultivable land as much

This last day of July in celebration is! as two-thirds of the Indians, but the Dutch being held at Filipstad, Sweden, of thel1'8tUFn per square mile is about six times

150th anniversary of the birth of the in- ventor of the screw-propeller. John Erics- son. The honour does not belong solely to him. of course, because two steamships were successfully built in England in 1836, the other being invented by F. P. Smith. The Chinese used screw propellers from a very early date and great advances were made by various Europeans between 1731, and 1784, and by Americans in 1787 and 1799. Ericsson and Smith, however, suc- cessfully combined screw-propulsion with Watt's steam-engine and brought in a new era of transportation. ;

It is interesting that Ericsson, a Sweden should have achieved his invention in England and then gone on to the United States where he built the first modern warship. the "Monitor". as well as invent- ing such things as a steam fire-engine, a torpedo boat, a solar engine and import- ant improvements in steam navigation.

Genius is truly international and the benefits of its effort are shared by all the people of the world. From time to time a nation attempts to appropriate to itself the advantage of man's inventiveness but such attempts succeed, if at all, only in tem- porarily retarding progress. When condi- tions are ripe for a new invention it can be certain that more than one man will recognize both the need and the means of fulfilling it. The free exchange of scientific knowledge, however, can save mankind much duplication of effort and speed up progress.

Island Initiative

The success of Islanders abroad is fre- quently noted in the newspapers, and it is a matter of still more gratification to re- cord the achievements of Islanders at home. A case in point is the career of Mr. Keith MacKinnon. president of Macxinnon Transport which is observing its twentieth anniversary this week, and which now pro- vides efficient transport service not only locally throughout the Province, but regu- lar runs to Saint John and Halifax as well. Mr. MacKinnon launched his business at Montague at the age of seventeen, with the purchase of one ton-and-a-half truck, and has been expanding it continually ever since. He has played an important part in servicing shippers on the Wood Islands- Caribou ferry route and in the opening of mainland markets for Island producers. He now operates a fleet of ten vehicles, and finds time also for active participation in civic and provincial affairs. Mr. MacKin- non's success is proof that business initia- tive pays dividends at home as well as abroad. and that opportunities are where one finds them.

Vital Production Problem

it is significant to note the emphasis which agricultural scientists are placing on the problem of adequately feeding the in- creasing population of the world. Farm productivity varies greatly in various areas of the continents and it is realized that the acute position would be greatly eased if the techniques of the more advanced na- lions could be employed by the less-de- weloped areas where the problem is most acute. . ,

Discussing the matter in The Listener, Mr. Colin Clark emphasizes that ”the Law of Increasing Returns was not known to Malthus and other economists of his time. They knew only the Law of Diminishing Returns . . . Most people who use the phase 'diminishing returns' do not understand its real meaning. In most countries the returns or output from agriculture are steadily in- creasing year by year. The Law of Dimin- ishing Returns says only that if you can- not get additional capital, and cannot make

"use. or new farming methods, then returns

-per head in a densely populated agricul-

tural country will be less than in a less densely populated one. i

"mt using more capital and better farming methods is precisely what progres-

sive countries have done when faced with I ..,:l' Jule 11'-

populatlons. This is not just a I speculation; it is anaestablished agricultural population per , ...of cultivable land is about the go nmark as it is in Russia, but per worker are five times as

the Indian. If all the cultivable land in the world were farmed at Dutch standards and our consumption per head of farm products was also at the present-day Dutch standard then the world could support a population somewhere between 10,000,000,- 000 and 15,000,000,000 people as compar- ed with the 2,300,000,000 people it is sup- porting now.”

EDITORIAL NOTES

The Legion's "Operation Vote" is a real contribution to Canadian democracy. If all electors can be persuaded of the importance of casting their ballot then the real will of the majority will be effective.

0 O 0

Salad Week deserves the co-operation of every housewife and chef. There is probably no other single way in which the national diet can be better improved than by the regular inclusion of salads in the

menu.

No one in this country should be en- couraged to do away with his wife for her insurance by a legal decision given recent- ly in Connecticut. There, apparently, a man in prison for manslaughter committed on his wife can inherit her property. It is a well established principle of British and Canadian law, however, that a man may not be permitted to profit by his Crime- . O O

A long period of prosperity for Canada is predicted by Sir Louis Beale, Britain's Trade Commissioner to Canada. ”There is nothing false or inflated about Canadian economic activity," Sir Louis told a Roches- ter, N.Y., investment banking group. "The industries established in the past decade are low cost, efficient. competitive indus- tries founded on the abundant natural re- sources of the country and. have come into existence when Canada was lowering rather

than raising tariffs." . 0

Reports steadily appear of mere child- ren being killed or injured by tractor ac- cidents. It is a tradition for youngsters to be employed in many farm operations and tractor controls are relatively simple so that very young children indeed can op- erate them. The actor, however, lacks the sense of a goo horse and requires the undivided attention of the operator. It is only prudent to keep children off these powerful machines until they learn to con- centrate on one thing at a time.

0 O I

Ignatius de Loyola (R1330 1-0993 de Ricalde), founder of the Society of Jesus, died this date 1556. He was a page in the court of Ferdinand and Isabella and a soldier until lamed for life. He made a pil- grimage to Jerusalem and studied at Al- cala, Salamanca and Paris. In Paris he -recruited the seven original companions who formed the nucleus of his order. De- spite his frequently expressed wish for a life of solitude he was chosen as its first general, an office he held till death.

0 O O

The Canadian Army's chain of 20 radio stations in the far north have many uses, from passing messages for mining com- panles and prospectors to supplying weather information. The latter service is of most direct value to other parts of this country. The regular hourly reports from all stations, particularly from the seven in the Mackenzie Basin where Canadian we.-.'.her is thought to "brew" are Of great importance to weather men in drawing the maps on which forecasts are based.

0 O 0

Grading eggs for color may soon be practical commercially. A machine which will do just that has been developed by agricultural engineers and poultry special- ists of the U. S. Department of Agricul- ture at Beltsville, Maryland. It will separ- ate eggs of any color from white to dark brown, and has repeatedly placed eggs in their proper color class. The machine is based on the fact that brown shells reflect less blue light than white shells. As the eggs pass over a candling device. a beam of light hits the shells and two photo- electric cells, or electric eyes, measure the reflected light. Eggs can be graded into six color classes in one operation. with each

Tl-IE GIJARDIAN. Ci-IARLOTTETO-IVN

MARITIMES

M ozvELoP

Not Quite Fast Aslee

SHARE

or FEDERAL mvss1MENT5

MENT

THE PASTUIII

I'm going out to clean the pasture sprins: I'll only stop to rake the leaves

. away (And wait to watch the water cleilr. I may):

I shan't be gone long.-You come too.

I'm going out to fetch the little cal .

f That's standing by its mother. It's so young It totters when she licks it with her tongue. I ahan't. be gone long.-You come too.

-Robert Frost.

Regents Since I066

LONDON. (Reuters)-England has seen I. number of regents since the Norman conquest in l068, many of them powerful, over-ambitious men.

Their control of the throne be- cause of the Sovereigns youth or insanity often produced bloodshed and a bitter struggle for power among rival dynasties.

A few regents. most of them in the early days. honestly upheld the Crown as "protectors of the realm."

Interest in England's good and bad regents has been revived since the government's that the 1937 Regency Act will be amended later this year. The change would make the Duke of Edinburgh regent if. for any rea- son. Queen Elizabeth 11 could not perform the Sovereign! functions.

I O O

England's first regents, known as "justlclans", were comparatively good rulers who wielded consider- able power. Wlllla.nl the Conqueror introduced the system as a con- venience so that he could spend part of each year in his beloved Normandy.

During his absence. Odo Bayeux established a high reputa- tion for handling of the throne.

The Norman king's son. William II who succeeded his father in 1087, adopted a similar system. Regent. Ranulf Flambard held su- preme powers when the king was abroad and maintained complete control of judicial and tlnanclal matters when the Monarch was at home.

0 0

But trouble flared up in the kingdom about 100 years later when Richard I. known as the lion-hearted, went off to fight. in the Crusades. He left the govern- ment in the control of two men, the Bishop of Durham for north England and the Earl of Sussex for the south.

Richard asked his chancellor William de Longchamps to super- vise the arrangement. Longchamps promptly installed himself as su- preme ruler of both church and state. His reign was so unpopular that Richard's jealous brother John,who signed the Magna Carta in 1215, had no trouble in starting a rebellion and seizing the throne.

. . .

Henry VI, grandson of the hero of Aglncourt, caused two regen- oles. nut been throne as an infant. in-1422, and second because of his temporary lmbeclllty so years later.

During the first of these regen. oles, his uncle John, Duke of Bed- ford, ruled England and the freshly-conquered duchy of Nor- mandy.

When Henry lost his mind, the Duke of York became regent and was prevented from realising ht: own ambition to become king only by his death in battle in 1460.

Bearded Henry vma sickly son ldward VI inherited the throne in m1 at the no of l0..!lo action a stormy period in tho Royal luc- coulon. no win the son of Jane Seymour. third of Henry": six

egg falling into the righrcompartment.

wlvu. The Duke of Domemet, Jane

announcement i

of,

he inherited the

no Ag on

Story

That which is born of the flesh is flesh; and that which is born of the Spirit is spirit.

Books Received

DESIRED HAVEN (E. M. Rich- ardson, Toronto, Rye:-son, 286 pp. s3.50). The Nova Scotian authoress of "We Keep a Light" has followed that autobiography by a novel set in the same stormy coast. It. won for her the All-Canada. Ryerson fic- tion award and brings to life the men and women who lived the at- mosphere of shipping a the Nova Scotla of n hundred ye ago. Ex- citement; and suspense are not lack- lng but it is the personal lives of the men and women of Prince's Cove that really interests the auth- or and will certainly hold the in- terest. of the reader. 0 I C

THE HIGH AND THE MIGHTY (Ernest K. Gann. Toronto. McLeod. 342 pp. 54). What happens to twenty people on a flight across the Pacific? How do they react to the prospect of getting away, of going home. of death? They are not unlike people we meet any day but as the suspense deepens we come to know them as we know few people in real life. The inter- est in this novel by the author of ”Flddler's Green" and ”Blaze of Noon" is both that of adventure in the skies and of human beings with their own faults and fears, loves and duties.

0 O C

THE CASE OF THE HESITANT HOSTESS (Erie Stanley Gardner, Toronto, McLeod, 275 pp. 33.) Perry Mason alternates between the court- room and the company of a pro- fessional hostess to outwit a woman on the witness stand who was deadly clever. His one surprise. which he hoped to be it bombshell, proved lolbe a dud. His advent- ures and those of Della Street and Paul Drake during the weekend re- cess are well up to the Gardner standard.

0 0

THE ANGRY ANGEL (Lajos zil- ahy, Toronto, McLeod. .175 pp. 54.95). War and occupation are very personal trials to s. Hungar-

Seymourls brother, failed as re- gent to prevent. a rebellion. .l-le was ousted in 1522 and beheaded by the Duke of Northumberland who nurtured a pet. scheme for his son's advancement.

Northumberlands son wed Lady Jane Grey. Edward's cousin. to whom the sickly monarch left his crown upon his death at 16.

But. the rightful heiress to the CVOWH WM Mary. daughter of Henry VIII and Catherine of Ara- :.:on. an ardent Roman Catholic. She soon deposed Lady Jane. ex- ecuted her and began her ruthless persecution of Protestants which earned her the name Bloody Mary.

George III. who suffered in late life from insanity. made his friv- olous scn regent in loll.

The son. who ascended the throne as George IV upon his father's death in 1820, is chiefly remembered for the fantastic and extravagant. pavilion he built. at Brighton and for his many mis- tresses and cronies. .

Queen Victoria named her hus- bapd, Prince Consort Albert. re- gent for fear she would die before

:.;-:-:-.-:-;-:-:-:-:-:-:-1-:-.-3-: -nnux

Old Charlottetown (And I. I. I.)

LOW TIPPLING HOUSES

"We have been credibly inform- ed that there are at present in ac- tive operation, within the pre- cincts of this town and neigh- borhood, .a vast number of low tlppllzng-houses. in which large quantities of spirituous and fer- mented liquors are being dispos- ed of in the most. shameless and barefaced manner-to the very serious detriment of the revenue. and the much more serious injury to the morals of the community. As the occupiers of these houses are generally ranked among the lowest of the low, who neither re- gard the laws of God or man. it certainly behooves our authorities to use the most strenuous exertions. with I. view to the effectual sup- pression of these dens of iniquity and pests of civilized society. "The total number of persons licensed to retail spirituous and fermented liquors in all Charlotte- town and Royalty, in small quan- tities, it. appears from the last official list. of those persons pub- lished in the Royal Gazette. is only twelve: while, at the same time, it must be notorious to the most. casual observer. that there cannot be less than double or tre- ble that number in the town alone. actually so employed.”

-Colonial Herald, May 4. 1844.

fan and this novel by l-lungaryls foremost novelist brings to life colourful people alternating be- tween dangerous underground as- signments and fabulous amuse- ments enjoyed by Europe's wealth- iest aristocrats. The reader is al- most stunned by the brilliance and the violence of the tale.

sill-Plmilt?-ISDOM

PORT STANLEY. Ont. C? This Lake Erie port is suddenly emerging as a shipping centre. Records late in July showed 70 clearances since the opening of the navigation season, a figure for in advance of last year. Most visiting ships are coal and oil car- tiers.

From the frying pan to your table. Free delivery on orders of 50c or over.

Orders 10 A.M. until Midnight. Sundays also

JOHNNY'S FISH Sz CHIPS DIAL 9356

COMPLETE VISUAL

IIEFIIACTI01 3 AN D ANALYSIS

G. F. I-IUTCI-IESON

8: SON Optometrists 5:: Grafton Street

her son Edward VII came of age.

FISH and CHIPS

f. Notes By

JULY 31.' 1953

The Wayx.

Life is certainly one longjlcmc -for the ants. - Hamilton spec- tutor.

Ituearch is an organised method ifor keeping you reasonably dissat- llsfled with what. you hovc.- Sault Ste. Marie Star. ,l It seems I f coincidence of fate that both ' the doctors who operated recently on Arthur God- frey and on Anthony Eden should suddenly collapse and die. "Prob- ably two of the few cases where the operations were successful. the patients recovered. but the doctors ,dledl - Brockville Recorder and -,Times. A story comes out of London. l0nt.. about a six-year old Ameri- can boy who has been bombed 82 times and is going to school for the first time next fall. The bombing: were not of the conventional type one thinks of in these days of war. They were actually treatments given to the boy's brain by the famous Cobalt Bomb, now used ex- tensively and with considerable success wherever the device is :- vailable for treatment of cancer and other growths. In this case. the boy was dying of a brain tumor. Surgery only partially removed the danger and the "bomb" was used repeatedly over a period of six months to halt the growth in the leeper recesses of the child'I brain. it was entirely successful and the oungster is now at home and per- Jcctly normal. The much publiciz- id radioactive therapy has brought new hope -to sufferers from tumors. -St. John Telegraph Journal.

I

A United Nations report for I952 .illOW5 world food production is barely keeping up with the popula- tion increase. Furthermore. faulty distribution is intensifying the problem. As against Canada's nor- mal per caplta caloric intake of about 3,200 calories per day, there are such countries as India, where the fear of famine is ever present, and where the pre-war average of 1,650 calories per day. has fallen to 1,250. Even in Denmark, which we normally regard as a food-rich country, the intake is still below the pre-war average. This is true also in Germany, Ireland, Austria. Greece and Italy. One of the rea- sons for this situation is that a great deal of productive effort and equipment are devoted to turning out other things than food. Inter- national trade barrlers keep food out of some countries where it is badly needed, and dollar short- ages are a serious handicap. Des- pite these complications, there is a persistent faith in science. and in the capacity of mankind for find- lng better ways and means -- a faith that mankind may some day be able at least to feed itself ade-

There is somethln sll - turblno in reports ngm c:oIXIll)r'lenlllasl- Europe over language develo menu. Europeans. they say 5?- turnlng avidly to the'study 0;-'E,,,," llsh. It is replacing French as if- common tongue. But the English )2 not necessarily the Queen: Em". llsh. It is a. language flavored By the idioms of the American oi frequently obllvlpux to grammar meagre in vocabulary and brisl; m' pronunciation. The outcome of ma trend is obvious. A French tourist entering an Italian fruit markcn will ask the proprietor if his gi-up.-5' "8 Rood. The proprietor will 5.... they are. The tourist will agree .0 purchase them. And the conversa- tional ambit will be: ”Oknl "Okay." "Okay." - Victoria Tmhl.-.

The current. Monthly Lott" M the Royal Bank of Canada wlsrlv declares: ”Today's (business) mi. cutlve requires technical km... ledge about his business, but mm, more than that he needs planning and organizing ability. the ability to win his staff to his way of think. big, skill in conveying his ideas, power of leadership to inspire team work. and I long view of ms job and his business." Nothing, 1,. deed. could be more striking 11-...” the degree to which the modern large business corporation in com- ing to realize its responsibilities, not only to its shareholders and its workers but also to the commuu.xv in which it. exists. Any busmc.-.-; corporation which persists in ir- gardlng monetary profit as the sole or principal reason for its ex- istence, is on the way out. It is nm too much, therefore. to say 11...; large corporations are fnced uh. an indeterminate future ullirss this new attitude toward indm. duals and communities in develop- ed and generally accepted. -Ham- ilton Spectator. I The Canadian moose. who it monarch of our own forests as the lion in in the jungle, is apparcnll-s trying to regain the supremacy of his rule which has depreciated cou- slderably since man has invaded the woodlands and driven the gzml beast farther into the wilder-nos: Tliere have been several instancrs of rebellion this summer. A young man from Mlnto had the misfor- tune of being charged by a mad mouse while driving his car. The animal attacked the vehicle licori- on and crashed his hooves lhrouch the windshield. In Northern On- tario one motorist found himself lucky to escape from a similar on- counter with a moose. and mill another man in a car was nccostrd by one of these great shaggy brown but had the presence of mind In turn his car around and leave thr- moose standing adamant in the mlddle of the road. It was perhaps just: what the moose had in mind.