"AGE FOUR

TllE BIIARLOTTEIOWII GUARDIAN

hesitant-W. Cheater l. Ice-nutr-

Idltdl‘ Ill III Annuals“ Ion-all: Dill! (handed urn lie-r

‘L5. POI {fill

Islam. I. I;

(in adults!) n!!! ll

YIOQ-Plilllott-J. l Illidl

mun. Col. o. A. Incllnnl. n. o. o. luau '- 3- ldlhro-Irnnk Wllllr and I). I. Clrrb

‘If IX!

(ln advance) defiant, Canada and United ltatu.

MONDAY. JUNE 22, 1931

‘A Flimsy Excuse

On more than one salon dur‘: mg the last session of the 148818‘ lature, Premier Lea endeavoured to "puma h]; responsibility for the blunders and incompetency of the Saunders administration by sayins that he, Mr. Lea, was not then in office as Premier. That, of course. i; u. mere sophistry and will not fool the electors, as it was obviously intended to do. It does not tally‘ with the Premier's domineering at- titude towards his former leader. whose advice he was wont to ignore even m. legal matters. and whose presentation of our subsidy claims be flouted by vubushins. under his own name, an entirely different schedule o! claims on the very day an which Mr. Saunders filed his brief at Ottawa.

,_-Z-~_._-__.

That Sales Tax

"lily honourable, bluenose friend. the ex-Minister of National De- ence (Mr. Ralston) played with a matter of berrentages when deal- lng with the sales tax; he stated that the budget now before the

‘House had raised the sales tax 400

per cent. True. but it is also true that the government of which he was s. member raised the sales tax 100pegcent, That 100 per cent increase was a. much greater in- crease than the 400 per cent of which he now complains, because they then doubled the sales tax- ralsed it from 3 per cent to 6 per cent tax will bring in 52 millions of the House increases the rate from 1 per cent to i per cent. so that the sales tax m-day is but two-thirds of that imposed by the govern- ment o! which my hon. friend was s. member. He suggests the 4 per cent tax will bring in 52 millions of dollars. per cent tax of my friends opposite brought in $48,990,076 more than the 5i millions he estimates for the present year's tax. This is evident from the fact that for the year ended March 31, 1924, the sum of $100,990,076 was collected by way of sales tax under the government of my hon. friends opposite." Col. Cantley, M. P., (Pictou) in the budget debate, House o‘! Commons. June l5.

A Bubble Universe

The Belgian mathematician Le- maitre has demonstrated that Ein- stein's universe "has properties sun- liar to those of a soap bubble." 1t is unstable, although not quite in the same way as the actual soap bubble we blow with a pipe. "The ‘instability of the universe," says sir James Jeans. who quotes lomaitre and endorses Einstein's theory of Relativity. "takes the form 0f an in- capacity to stand still. As soon as the universe comes into existence, it star-is swelling out in size. and

must go on expanding indefinitely.‘

It is not so much like the soap bubble we have blown and detach- ed frown our pipe, as it is like one WI are still blowlnl.

“it would be amusing." says the mndon Daily Telegraph in com- menting on this latest theory. "to make an anthology of the mental pictures of the changing concep- tions of the universe which scien- tista have put forward from time to time. ‘There was Ptolemyb picture of the universe like a great hollow rphcre of glass with the earth ex- actly in the centre. We went on kom that tn the image the majority t! men still cling to, of a universe of innumerable spheres whirled round and round as though at the Ind of pieces of string.

"Sir James Jeans provides a pic- Iure which seems very characteris- ilc of the thought of the present age: it is an image of the universe ls a soapbubble which is still being blown up. Here is an admirable fig. ‘ire of the world ol fragility and in- decision which the modems build,

m“ ‘ 8mm; “y; Bacon; and now it seems that Einstein awvu him mat."

Another Lost Ari?

It is to be feared that the advent e1 the typewriter has produced the tendency in many younz NOD19 W regard 800d handWTltIHB I8 "m" unessential in the modern world. if such be the case. says the 0t- tawa Journal. it is a terrible mis- take. And the soccer that impru- sion is removed the better. The typewriter is an excellent accession to modem business. And it is real- ly remarkable to what extent it has displaced the need for hand- writing, even in respect to book" keepinK entries.

But no employer wants to waste time nowadays trying to decipher the slovenly hiaroglyphics of a clerk too careless to take trouble to make his notes even passably un- derstandable at a first glance. We do not ta-ke too much stock in graphology, but it is quite possible that the experts are right to some extent evenvin claiming that handwriting gives a pretty clear index to character and also to ability in some directions.

Medical men and lawyers. of course, are privileged persons in this, as in other respects. Nobody presumes to expect of them that their writing shall be intelligible to the ordinary lay-man.

But it would be disastrous to al- low the idea to develop among students that they can afford, prac- tically, to ignore the need for good handwriting. And this simply be- cause they have learned to handle a tyvewrlter.

The old lady who replied to a let- ter from her son,by telling him she liked his telegram writing best

tales in that respect. It will be well for our young people always to bear in mind that even a good pen- mim- Writing in a hurry as occa- slim sometimes demands. may not always be at nu be... But a am writer can‘ only beoomeworse un- .der such circumstances.

An Old Chicago Custom

Justice administration in Chicago is strikingly illustrated in a. recent

ler failed to appear on a criminal charge before Judge Joseph Finne- gan, explanations were demanded. We quote from the dispatch:

“What kind of a man is this." asked Judge Finnegan, "who fails to appear to answer charflfls of operating a confidence game?"

"Your honor." said the defense attorney, "it is not Mr. Brasch- ler‘s fault he is not before you. He is sitting. not standing, before Judge Joseph McCarthy."

“And what. may the court ask, is he doing there?"

“l-lefis a Juror in a criminal case."

"What kind of a case."

“Operating a confidence game," answered the defense attorney.

“My word," mused the judge.

‘Editorial Notes

It wasn't the

tG-X.

speakers at Liberal conventions would sound more effective if the Lea Government was not in such an obvious state of funk.

After abusing and misrepresent- ing the policies of the reaerii Gov- ernment in every conceivable way, wouldn't the Lea Goverrunent cut a nice figure going to Ottawa for the subsidy settlement which it failed to secure when its own party was in power?

Mr. Mackenzie King complains that Premier Bennett "is trying to make a reputation for himself as a gentleman who makes promises and also as a man of his word who keeps his promises." (l-lansard. June l8). That is something that

evidently had suffered some. Not a I; that be mm then the g Lfew employers could tell their own

dispatch from that gang-ridden me- tropolis. When one, John C. Bosch-

Bennctt budgdt that boosted the provincial gasoline

The boastful bragging of Liberal

muss av m: wiv ‘

L

The Chronicle a well

known farm paper in c. recent edi-

torial says. "it must be particularly

,‘ ’ _, to our farmers to know

that under the present tariff they

will have the privilege of serving' their own homo market. With cil-

matic conditions against him, the

Canadian. farmer, whether he was

in the truck gardening. fruit, 0i‘ mixed farming business, was handicapped by the inroads 01

southern grown vegetables and the like, the result being that he only

supplied the tail end of a millet

that should have been his from the start. The sale of cattle is an- other item. The United States has ruled against the importation 01 Canadian cattle, cream and eggs into that country. Then why in the name of common sense, should Canada allow United States beet and farm products to compete 1n Canada against Canadian farm- era?“

Inflation of the urban population is largely responsible for the N0" gresslvely increasing acutness of economic depression in recent years. Arid it is manifest that the great destiny of urban P°Du1ation adds to unemployment distress and to the problem of coping with it. How IQ reverse these conditions by induc- ing a movement of population from city to country, is the question 0f the day. 'I"he problem is'a vital one. and is already being grappled with by practical economists both in Europe and America.

While Soviet Russia is iiumping cheap wheat and butter into other countries, her own people are starv- ing. A despatch from Riga, states that American engineers who have arrived there report serious riots in Moscow, the headquarters of Sov- ietism, due t0 the high price oi‘ bread, which is $1.25 per pound. At that price bread is prohibitive cveil to highly paid Workers.

Another Daniel says an Ottawa exchange came to Judgment in To- ronto Tuesday in the person of the Rev. G. Salem Bland, who, in the course of a socialistic address to B church assembly, announced that "capitalism is on its death-bed." He applauded what the Bolsheviks in Russia are doing, proclaiming that Russia is the only country in the world‘ where there is no un- employment. So, nearly a, century ago, people like Mr. Bland could proclaim that there was no. un- employment ih the Southern Unit- ed States, where all the workers were slaves. Mr. Bland," of course. does not know what capital is. Capital is simply the surplus pro- duct of human labor.

There ls something appealing and pathetic in the figure of the aSaing Briand-still suffering from his re- buff when candidate for the Presi- dency-addressing with his old passionate sincerity and eloquence, but with lessened confidence, a great gathering of war veterans on the subject of peace. M. Briand 0f all men does not mean to disarm France. What he means is to enlist France in an active effort to bring about conditions in Europe which will render war less likely. Just at the moment. he probably wold feel that France must not goad the hard-pressed Germans too far. It is easy for France to maintain mil- itary superiority over disarmed Ger many. so long as Germany is not driven to desperation. But a des- perate Gennany might tum on its creditors with all the fury of a cornered rat; and there is no guarantee that sixty-odd million maddened Germans, backed by the eager desire of Ruaia to support revolution everywhere, might not overwhelm Poland and Rumania and present France with far too colossal a task if it undertook the duty of salvaging them. Yet if France abandoned her Eastern Ai- lies to a Soviet combination, she would need a far larger army than she has to day to guaranteen the inviolability of the Rhine.

American interests are under- stood to be negotiating for a con- trolling interest in a leading Brit- ish motor company. Such an. as- piration, whether or not it is ful- filled, is by no means surprising. The McKenzie-duties have weii nigh extinguished the British mar- kets for American cars, whilst at the same time Americans are not slow to appreciate the advantages secured for manufacturers by Pro- tection and lraperiai Preference.

A pttltlvn for the admission of women to the ministry has been re- ferred says the Edinburgh Weekly Boo to a committee for con- sideration. lt is obvious that their entry to the ministry will not, be without opposition. The opposition is not likely to express itself in 8 declaration that women are unfit- tcd for the responsibilities. Women have entered into business and the profesalonawand have made good: and it would be easing strange were the ministering sex exclude‘

but ft is not quits new. ‘The World's will never be said about either Mr. from m‘ mink.“ o“ m‘ Immd o!

a bubble and the life of man less

King or the lsaltiovernment.

unfitneu.

3w» of

B) Inna lViBcrbn. MD.

EXHAUST GAS IS

WHY ' DANGEROUS

A couple of years ago you may have read about the Philadelphia traffic policemen stationed in the centre of the traffic in the heart of the city. They began to feel weak and listless, were removed to

where they again became their old healthy selves.

It was found that the exhaust gas from the great number of motor cars in the heart of the city was actually replacing to some ex- tent, the oxygen in their blood, and this was what was causing the trouble. _

Now we need ozygen to-keep the body processes going properly- When you do any physicalwork, you use up some of the oxygen in the muscle and give out carbon dixoide. This means of course that

‘if you do hard physical work that

you will need more oxygen; in. fact you may get to the point where you are actually using up. more

which means that you are robbing other tissues of the body of their oxygen for the time being. This is called getting into debt in your oxygen account. and Yale research men, investigating this matter, found that oarsmen during a hard race used up so much oxygen that it took a long time for them to get enough back into the system by breathing. to repay all the tissues that had given up some, of their oxygen during the hard race.

And now research men are find- ing that a nerve that is deprived of. or is getting enough oxygen rapidly loses its power to conduct or ‘carry the nervous impulse. It has been proved also that a nerve uses oxygen and gives off carbon during the passage of . a nervous impulse and that this causes heat just as when a music works.

Dr. Otto Wa-rburg has been able to show that the tissues have iron containing respiratory fermcuts that can take in oxygen of the air, and convert it into oxygen that, can be used by the tissues. How- ever carbon monoxide-the exhaust from automobiles-can also com- bine with these ferments in the tissues, and actually prevent; or interfere with them making the oxygen.

Therefore ii’ there is too much carbon dioxide in the air, then just Ito the extent that there is too much, will there be that much less oxygen for the needs o! the tissues. 4,

I am hoping for the day when autmobiie manufacturers will be able to have this exhaust gas con- sumed in some way. In the mean. time if the exhaust pipe ran up the side o {the car, and the exhaust gas was thrown off at the top of the car it would be well above man's level, and ~ wed escape the fumes.

Liberal View Of Budget

(Moncfon ‘Transcript, Liberal)

While people all over the Domin- iim are auaivszinz the new tariff regulations, 1t is rcgiiggd that 1t 15 still to early to say; ivhat the effect 0i’ the revision will be. If, hes been made clear that some of the chang- es are by no means popular but no doubt that would have been the case had the regulations been changed in maze other way.

The increase in the sales tax is a substantial one. but it ‘was under- stood that a sharp upward revision

nett seems to have tried in some degree to alter the vicious lonn of double taxation with respect to cer- tain dividends, but there would ap- pear to be little confusion regard- ing the new stipulations, an of which will be fully explained in due time.

There is a difference of opinion, of course, regarding the increase in letter postage. but the upward re- vision in this connection will pro- vide a very handsome revenue. Many people had hoped that the income tax would We “winced rath- er than increcsed, generally speak- ing, but they are disappointed. it will be noted that the list, of tariff changes covers approximately one-sixth of the total list. This falls very far short of the complete rc- vision which was promised by Mr. Bennett during the special session of var“ ‘last",‘ “ .Itis intimated that the won: involved in a revision of that kind would have been so heavy that the Prime Minister-Finance Minister simply did not have time to undertake it.

ma: '

i |

the outskirts of the city for duty,"

oxygen than you are taking in,_

would be made in this tax, My, Ben--

rrm cnartorrarowu cuaaoraifr

INFORMATION WANTED

Sir-As the entrance to P. W. C. is almostdue, wind you print in an early issue a for imlivrtant events for the benefit of _ children in whose homes very little reading of current events is practised. Al-

tbo Soviets; why are the natives of India forbidden to manufacture salt for their own use or for ex- portation and what trouble ‘ tween Mussolini and the Pope. I am, Sir, etc. PIECE COUNT!

(l)—’I‘he soviet flve-year plan is a scheme adopted by Russia to bring about increased production ln certain industries. An objective with regard to both quantity and value of output has been set for each of the succeeding flve years. In the meantime the working people— and all the men and women of Rus sia are, for practical purposes. in- cluded in this category-have been compelled to submit ‘to sacrifices in the hope and expectation that ‘at the end of the five years money will flow plentilully into the So. ‘vlet coffers from the export of sur- plus products. resulting in the stan- dard of living of the workers be. ing correspondingly raised,

(2) Salt is a Government monoply in India just as matches are in France. Indie was a free trade country, the only practical means of raising general revenue being by excise taxation. As salt is an article of general consumption the Indian government decided that was the logical article for a universal tax. Ghandi and his followers also ar- gued logically that to give the Government the maximum of peaceful annoyance it would be best to resist the salt tax, which can be done only by procuring salt out with the government monopiy.

(3) Mussolini is a reactionary dictator and will tolerate no oppflgl- tion from any quarter _whatever. He, began his regime at the head of an armed force, dissolved par- iiament, dismissed, the government. muzzled the press. and suppressed all civil organizations which did not receive his imprimatur. l-le startedthe" Facist movement 1n rshiciihis word is law, obedience to his will being imperative. From time m time there have been mut- terings of discontent and dissati- faction with Mussclinfs absolute- ism always put down with an iron hand. Recently the Duce conceived the idea that the religious clubs, called the Catholic Action. had in- eluded in their numbers, political opponents of his who aspired to a return to constitutional government, so forthwith went the order to sup- press them. The Pope the Sup- reme Head of the Church, pro- tested, and as the result of dipol- matic correspondence, the order of suppression has been withdrawn, although Mussolini still continues to breathe threats and maledictions against anyone who would dare to even think of a return to the Magna Charter of political free- dom-Ed. Ci.

MR. MEIGHEN To HYDRO.

(Ottawa Journal)

' Premier Henry of Ontario seems to have inherited Mr. Ferguson's capacity to enlist the ablest brains t.) serve in public posts. An ex- ample of this, certainly, is the ap- pointment of Mr. Meighen to the board 0f the Ontario Hydro-Elec- tric Power Commission. No better choice for this or any other public post could have been made, and Mr. Meighans presence on the Commission will guamtee that Hydrds business will be looked af- ter with the maximum of ability. plus an unimpeachable integrity.

creditable to Mr. Meighen, too, is the fact that he is willing to serve the public in this useful capacity. Too often it happens in this coun- try that men who have held hi!!! positions are unwilling to serve In semmingly humbler capacities, this resulting in a public loss. Mr. Meighen, by exhibiting the British attitude that public service is em- inently honorable, no matter what the role has set a splendid prece- dent. And it is a fine thing to have his unrivalled talents back in pub- lic harness.

A Complete Statement

(Ottawa Journal)

It would be a mosthelilfill "i4 admirable thing if. by some meanl. Hansard or pamphlet copies of Mr.

w; :_ ‘ speech could be placed into the hands of every busi- ness man, industrial leader. farm

is the rcal=

-» N1 Profits paid to Policyholders

Al

so what u tat- five year plan org’

Low premiums with liberal annual dividends}

JOadeposiioISZOZayeam-ironly

financial position. in all its aspects. that has been given to the country since the war. What Mr. Bennett did was to return to the old British tradition of what a budget should be, namely. an accounting to the people of the position of their est- ate. Mr. Bennett has often said that the position of a government corresponds to that of the trustee of an estate and must always keep in mind a trustee's duties and oblig- ations.