‘ .__x, ._ _W_.m.~w,

A“, .,,. 7 .,.-. “tilt

A PRUSSIA. . .

KONIGSBERG, Sept. 14.—No king of Prussm, ,onuascending the throne of his ancestors, Is ever crowned, the only form lobserved being the act of homage publicly sworn to by the represen- tative states 'of the various provinces, which homage the Kings of Prussia till now have re-

' ceived in silence, without any declaration, and

much less without any oath on their part, they being despotic monarchs in the fullest sense of the word. To receive this homage, the King, for the time being, comes as soon as possible after the death of his predecessor to Kouigsberg, where the representatives of East and West Prussia and of Posen are assembled. As cus- tomary, the lieutenant of the King opens the States some days before the homage is rendered, informing them that it is the desire of the Mon- arch that they should deliberate upon and claim any privilege which they may fancy themselves entitled to. On the day appointed, the States were opened in the usual form; and, on the motion of M. Heinrich. a shopkeeper of this place, and a man of cultivated mind and pa- triotic feelings, it was proposed to ask the King whether it was his intention to fulfil the promise given by his late father, of giving a constitution to the country, which promise had never been carried into effect. This motion gave rise to a violent debate, and, on a division taking place, the result was a majority of 84 to 5! The en- thusiasm caused by this decision was tremendous, but itwas soon damped by an evasive answer given by the King. who, however, expressed himself, in the most explicit terms, perfectly satisfied with the proceedings of the Represen- tative States. Orr the 10th of September, the act of homage was to take place, and upwards of 15,000 people were assembled in the great square of the castle, to witness the imposing ceremony. The King proceeded first to church, where the service was read, and an appropriate sermon preached; he then returned to the open

- balcony in front ofthe castle, seated himself on

his throne, and there, surrounded by the princes of his bonse and the great oflicers of state, the 'military and civil authorities, the protestant .clergy standing at the foot of the throne to his left, and to his right the catholic priests, headed by the much-talked-ofArchbishop’of Posen, M. Dunin, he received the oaths of his people to be “ faithful vassals and true subjects.” Whilst the deputies Were swearing in an audible voice the oath which was read to them word for word by an officer of the crown, the assembled multitude could easily perceive that the King was greatly agitated, and the final “Amen” had scarcely ascended to the skies, when the monarch with great impetuosity left the throne, and advancing to the very front of the open balcony, his right hand uplifted towards heaven, with a most audible voice, which was distinctly to be heard at the very furthest extremity ofthe immense square, in the most emphatic manner, " every inch a king,” and in great agitation, pronounced the following voluntary, and evidently unpre- meditated, oath to his people :—“ and I swear here,‘ in the presence of God, and before all these dear witnesses, that I will be an upright judge, a faithful, careful, and merciful prince, a christian King, such as my never to be forgotten father—blessed be his memory! Iwill execute right and justice energetically,'and without re- gard to persons. ‘1 will embrace, cherish, and promote the advantage, success, and the honour of all ranks with equal love; all ranks and all religious confessions have to expect from me the like protection. And I invoke from God, the blessing bestowed upon princes which turns the heart of man towards those that are so blessed, and forms them according to God’s will—the delight of the good—a terror to the transgressor. God bless our dear fatherland: its state and condition have for ages been often envied, fre- quently emulated in vain. With us there is an unity‘of head and members—of prince and people— a grand, a universal, and delightful unity of struggle towards one beautiful goal— towards the general weal, in sacred faith and true honour. Out of this spirit originates ou'r mo'ral and physical ability of defence (wehrhaf- tigkeit), which is without compare. May the Almighty preserve our Pruss‘ian fatherland for itself, for Germany, and for the world! Manifold, and yet one, like the noble metal which, formed by the fusion of many an ore, is yet but a single and most noble whole, subject to no other rust than the beautifying rust of centuries.” He sank back upon his throne, covered his eyes with his handkerchief, and.the audible sobs ofthe multitude were soon drowned in never-ending thunders of applause. Thusended this impor- tant ceremony, which gives every Prussian citizen just cause to rejoice in his monarch, the first who ever bound himself by an oath to his people. The demand for a'constitution, although negatived for the moment, was received in such a gracious manner, and the King expressed himself so well satisfied With the behaviour of the states, ‘that there is but little doubt of our seeing this desideratum soon accomplished.

MEMOIR or MARSHAL MACDONALD. (From the Journal des Debuts.)

One of the greatest and most illustrious of-the military men of France, Marshal Macdonald, Duke of Tarento, has just died at his chateau of Conrcelles, near Gien (Loiret), at the age of 75 years.

Etienne-Jacques-Joseph-Alexandre Macdon ald was born at Sancerre, in the department of Cher, in the year 1765, of adistinguished Scotch family whichcame over to France in the suite of the Stuarts. While still very young, he entered as a‘ Lieutenaiit into Dillon’s regiment of Irish Infan— try, and served in 1784 under M. de Maillebois, ‘in the legion which went to the assistance of the patriots of Holland. -

Having adopted the principles of the revolution, he continued to‘ Serve, and distinguished himself at the battle ofgemapesyr where he gained the

i to Denmark as Minister Pleni otentiary until 1803. 0n

. ' ' distress, rank of Colonel. He was afterwards employed 9;: »-about se in the capacity of Brigadier-General to the Amy beacon-

of the North. Commanding the advanced giiark , he pursued the British army, and beat the Du e

of York more than once. 7 , It was he that opened, in 1795, the famous Icamplgfig

against Holland, by passing the Vahal on thencfpzmy.

seizing the enemy's ships at. the head 9f his trill-Lille

This action, unexampled in history, obtained for 1

rank ofa General ofdivision.

Up to 1798, the French army, under the comrlrtiianldag.f Berthier, occupied the Roman States.‘ Macdona _, I.he ing the government ofROine, was obliged to restpain . at violence of the insurgents who assembled in cried several points. The King of Naples hiivmg sent a play; of24,000 men to the reliefofRome, these troops, uni ta to those ofMack, formed an army of40,000 combatth-i whom Macdonald with only 6,000 held In check.. re subsequently van uished the Neapolitans near EITICE‘I, took possession 0 that town, and made the enemy su eI' considerable loss. ' ' _

In consequence of a misunderstanding wuicli arose between him and Championnet, Macdonald gave in I“; resignation; but the Directory took his part, deprive;d Chainpionnet ofhis commission, and gave to Macdond the general command of the army. I .

He had subjected Calabria to the French dominion, when the defeats ofScherer forced him to evacuate the kingdom of Naples. After executing a most skilfully conducted retreat, he found himselfon the right bank Of the Trebia, with Suwarrow in front of him, at the head ofan army of 50,000 Austrians and RuSSIans. With 35,000 men he maintained an entire day's struggle with this army, and continued, with the some success, to hold his position on the following day, until a council of yvar which he called together decider , contrary to his opinion, upon the necessity of retreating.

He commanded at Versailles on the celebrated IBth Hrumaire. After the battle of Marengo, and the campaign of the Grisons, Macdonald was sent

acknowledgment 0 gave to the Bel

of 'considerable da French Lieut. steamer, towed her An opera by Fre Pastors, and w

in his band. On his bravery, he 1‘8

follow him, he via the house.

his return he received the tit e of Grand-Officer of the Legion of Honour. He fell into disgrace in consequence Ofopposing Moreau's trial, and it was not until 1809 that he resumed the command ofa divisron In. Italy. At \Vagrnm he was made a Marshal, after liavmg broken the centre of the Austrian army, which was protected by 200 pieces of artillery. '

Upon his return to Paris in 1810, he was created Duke of Tarento, and went to take the command ofthe corps d'armee in Spain. In 1812‘ he commanded the. 10th corps of Russia. In 1813 he took a brilliant part In the afil‘iirs of Lutzen, Bautzen, and Leipsic. He swpm across the Elster, where Poniatowski perished. During. the campaign ot'1814 he commanded the left wing. of the army; and at Fontainbleau assisted at the abdication of Napoleon.

During the period ofthe Hundred Days he was named Commander-in-Chief ofthe~ Royal Army, but presently lost his command through the turn ofevents. He ac- companied Louis XVIII. as far as Menin, and returned with him to France.

He refused to serve under the Imperial Government, and perfiirmed the duties ofa simple grenadier in the National Guards.

0n the 4th of June, 1814, the Duke ofTarento was named a member ofthe Chamber of Peers, and in 1816 Grand Chancellor ofthe Order ofthe Legion of Honour, ti dignity which be retained up to 1831.

The Marshal Duke of’I‘arento leaves a son 13- years Old. His remains will be deposited in the Hotel des Invalides.

mcn.’

reached the summi

brains with a pis

Berzewitch has sin whole district ‘the

visited during the the East, of no 0

was rejected by s stigated by theA is now in Englan

NAVAL BIOGRAPHY.'———TIIE LATE SAMPSON EDWARDS, ESQ., ADMIRAL on THE RED.—Thls officer, when a Lieutenant, commanded the Canada schooner, on the Newfoundland station, wherershe was wrecked in a tremendous gale of wind. The next méntion we find of him is 28th May, 1781, on which day, being on a cruize on the banks of Newfoundland, in , theWAtlante, sloop of 14 guns and 125 men, in company with the Trepassy, 14 guns and 80 men, he fell in with, and was attacked by the Alliance, Ame- rican frigate, 40 guns and 250 men. An hour after the commencement of the action, Capt. Smith, of the Trepassy, was killed; but Lieut. King, on whom the command devolved, con- tinued to defend that vessel until she was a complete wreck; he was then obliged to strike. Capt. Edwards, in the Atlante, still maintained the fight with uncommon bravery; but his an- tagonist having no longer any other to contend with, compelled him to surrender, after a battle of more than three hours, in which many of his men were killed, and the ship dreadfully cut up. Our Officer was promoted to the rank ofPost Captain, 16th of October, 1781; and, at the conclusion of the war with the Colonies, com- manded the Diana, frigate. At the commence- ment of hostilities against France, in 1793, he was appointed to the Terpsichore, 32 guns, and in that vessel assisted at the reduction of the French West India Islands. He subsequently commanded the Veteran, 64, Impeteux, 78, and St. George, 98; and in the latter ship terminated his services as Captain. He was advanced to the rank of Rear-Admiral, 1st January, 1801 ; Vice-Admiral, 13th December, 1806; and Ad- miral, 4th June, 1814.—Died at Ringwood, Hants, 14th September, 1840, at the advanced age of 95. ,

ERECTION or A SAFETY BEACON 0N GoonwrN SANDS.—The almost incredible task, undertaken by Captain Bullock, of her Majesty’s steamer Boxer, of erecting a safety beacon on the Good- wm Sands, about seven miles from Deal, has been suCcessfully accOmplished. This desirable object was accomplished on Thursday, under his superintendence and that ofCapt. ’Boyes, super- Intendant ofthe Naval Store Department at Deal. The beacon consists of a column about 40 feet above the level ofthe sea, having cleets and ropes attached to four of its sides, with holds for hands and feet. At the summit ofthe column is attach- ed a gallery ofa hexagon form, made of trellis work, and capable of holding twenty’ persons at one time. Above the, gallery, and in continu- ation of the column, is a flag-staff 10 feet long, thus making the entire beacon '50 feet in height. Th The sides of the gallery are so constructed as to k enable the persons in it to be covered in with sail-cloth, which is reefed in and round it, and can be used at pleasure; as also an awning to pass over it, which is fixed to the flag-stafi’3'thus entirely protecting any unfortunate mariner who

this city, he had

earliestbisho 9f creed WlH] t e ' Gazette.

carriages, of vario King William-stre

in the morning till

to six, 812; from s to eight, 894; 997 an hour, fair to presum world were so one day. On the

number of foot p In the evening, From eightto n ten, 4,460; from eleven to twelve, 3,900; from one

four to five, from six to seven 6,720; total, 53,50 found equal in II 74 in every minu supposed to pass in gmg two to each

passengers in twelv

HUMAN HEADS head ofth

wh ni all comers, till th

At a later Bisho

the mayors of L0 power to kill and queens, so

In th may seek shelter on the column from foul and bray 6035:2333. the anor, one Andrew Au- first. These layers to be repeated.“ often as tempestuous weather. A barrel of freshwater, wh ' ' en 8 "me"; and. fiShmongers, need be. Holes are then made through “'9

together with a painted bag distress, is stationed on the words “ hoist the flag,’

enclosing a flag of

’ . gallery, and the beheaded ‘t _ painted in the languages were also cit“ hem of all nations on boards stationed round theinner

part of the gallery, so that the foreigner, as well

posed o

as native seaman, may beenabled to show a

The Admiralty has re

sword to Lieut. D1;Pfi::; friendly assistance he

lerophon in Febri that ship' was accidentally plac

then commanding the

hich was performed for the first time at the Palace of Charlottenherg In August, 1747, has just been publish said to be avery clever’produ

b utiful melodies. ' ' ' hideprgfiibited the publication ofghis muSIcal

roductions, and up to the present time the pro. hibition had been respected.

A CONSCIENTIOUS' BRIGANDr—Adettei; from Tomeswar, in Austrian‘ServIa, hearing date the 27th July, relates the followmg trait ofthe note: rious Berzewitch, chiefof the Bosniac brigands, —“ A young man, named Yarkitch, presented himself befbre him,

just assassinatedthe father and two brothers ofa young girl, whom they had refused to_him In marriage; and that the girl havingdeclined to

‘ I see, are a man of courage, but you must pass through another trial to, prove ,it, and for‘that. pnrpose you ‘must go to the .mhtain With one of. my Berzewitch then whispered a few words into the ear ofone of his brigands, and Yarkitch and the latter set off together; when they had

commissioned by Berzewitch blewout Yarkitch’s

brigand chief wrote the following note to the Temeswar magistrates :—‘ The assassin, rarish- ér, and incendiary, Yarkitch, has been punished with death by an order ofBerzewitch, captain of the Free Bozniacs. disappeared immediately after its delivery; and

THE SYRIAN BISHOP.——Our city has been

a Bishop of the Ancient Church ofAntioch, Mar Athanasius Abelmesilt, ordained / by the Patriarch of Antioch, as the Metropolitan of the Christian Churches-of Malabar.

pathy of his brethren here. the late Bishop Heber in his journal. After receiving attention from some of the clergy of

Grace the Archbishop, and Lord Wenlock. is in the direct line ofthe succession from the

CURIOUS CALCULATION.——An account was taken ,on the 19th of August, of the number of

eight to nine o’clock, from ten to eleven, 1,015; from twelve

two, 806; from two to three, 905; from three tO four, 975; from ~fou

total, 11,010. This averages or 15 in every minute; and it is e that there is no street in the many carriages pass and repass in

persons were engaged in order to ascertain the

same place, from eight in the morning till eight and the result was as follows :— Ine o’clock, 3,600; from nine to

three, 4,200; from three to four, 4,480; from 5,280; from five to six

umber

added to the above,

e noble Sir William many months exposed from this after the defeat of the famous

0 made an attack upon London, his head and no others were stuck u

upon ten spears, where they rem

crows had left nothing of the period, the heads of _ p Of Rochester, was stu With that of the philosopher,

e legs ofSir T. W att th - nown poet of that n y l e son 0f the we“-

the same spot, during the reign of Mary. Even

reckless was the age of the life of man.

ose only offence was. rioti a ._ , aggravated by personal Insulttohimself, to be

and obtain help from shore, ven miles distant from the

cently‘sent a handsome ofthe French Navyuin

iary, 1838’ when ed in a Situation when the

'b altar, "get Ofl‘GI r Phare

into a place'of ‘safety. derick the Great, called 11 Re

ed at Berlin. It _is- ction, and to contain Frederick the Great

and requested to be enrolled being asked for the proofs of plied by stating that he had

lated her, and then set fire to ’ said Berzewitch, ‘ that you

t ofthe mountain, the robber

tol. Shortly afterwards the

’ "l‘he bearer of this note

ce been called throughoutthe Grand Justiciary.

past week by strangers from rdinary interest. We refer to

His authority ome schismatic brethren, iti- inerican missionaries, and he (I, anxious to obtain the sym- He is mentioned by

the honour of dining with his

He

Antioch, and holds the same English Church—Yorkshire

us descriptions, which passed et, London-bridge, from eight eight in the evening ;—From 903; from nine to ten 997; 895; from eleven to twelve,

to One, 984; from one to

r to five, 1,053; from five

ix to seven, 771 ; from seven

0

lst of September last, several

assengers which passed the

ten to eleven, 4,380; from d

4,620; from twelve to one, to two, 3,840; from two to

, 4,480; , 3,945; from seven to eight, 5. This statement will be to 4;455% per hour, or to. The number ofpersons and with carriages, (avera- ) amounts to 22,020, which, makes a total of 75,505 e hours.

ON LONDON BRIDGE-The Wallace was for spot. In 1741, Faulconbridge, pen the bridge together, ained visible to and the carrion m but the bones. the pious Fisher, ck upihere, along Sir Thomas More.

e elements

ame, were exhibited from ndon had almost as

, much destroy as

the kings and

form of trial. Their be

u the bridge, and the mags: for his conduct ! of his hot success- ne example, and set up Lord

map

Texas. probably suggested the idea of an i Having helped (himself to halfa doz’en several jumbles, and other uicknacks, an ing no disposition to pay the damages,'th lady who stood behind the counter ca assrstance. enabled him to dispose of the stolen; at securely before assistance arrived. The fellow was captured soon after, and wast rather more harshly than many fellows. decline payipg for what they obtain. Pi‘e to his entering the ship he had seized in voured a fat pig in the street. confectionfr’s was perhaps in search‘ofa I *1 and be got his desert sure enough! ‘

An advocate was lately convicted at Beyifii havmg needlessly .protr if was engaged 13 years, and sentenced to it.»

markable in ver stirring of the soil would seem to extract.

little moisture there might be in it, and“ weeds wither on its surface, on .the contrary,

appear refreshed a bably effected by a the vegetable portion ofthe plants which have the gaseous principles in v that combination of oxygen and forms water, while the plant itself can combin as to form oil and Whatever be the mode in which it acts," ence has proved that the more the earth is

around plants the better they thrive.

APPLES-Apples preserved ii} potatoes, will re ' The apples slio’oldrifiif sorts, and not mote !‘ ‘ shels should be put in‘to 003’ . to place straw at the bettom Sides, and also to cover the hea h straw, so as entire] earth ; this is not This pl

or pits, in the manner of uninjured for months.

the hardy and keeping four or five bu It is requisite

of straw

Saye’s head at the same plum, how soon his own would beards top of the gate used to belfike,‘ shambles, covered with the of unhappy wretches 1 Heat ‘ , traveller, states, that, when has " in 1598, temp. Eliz, be counted" thirty heads upon this aw’ful'gate, 15 heads "3.; ' sented in clusters, numerous as the bunch.—Mackay’s Thames and It; ‘