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Covers Prince Edward laland Like The Dew W. J. Hancox. Publisher

Frank Walker

Editor

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*— At The Year's End

Some philosophers denounce the timchonored practice of w i s h in g

Fitch's—T nosmrfimmscs‘ 31. 1952.

‘ one's friends and neighbors a Happy

New Year. They contend that to

‘make such a wish come true one

would first have to grow a shell around his heart so horny and impenetrable that he Could be happy

1 while a small child starved to death ‘ before his very eyes.

To say that

Lit would make a difference if the

child were moved away from him

‘a bit. and separated from him by ' a wall, or by a street. would be like - saying that if he wishes to be happy ' he need only shut. his eyes. Which ' Would be strange advice. and quite : impracticable

They point out—these stern

.sages—that the world is not only Lemaller and more crowded today, ibut far more clearly visible than

was the world of our forefathers.

' The people who in the past year

' starved to death in India or Africa.

were only a few hours away, by airplane, from Canada. And if in our minds’ eye we did not see them die and share some of their final anguish it can only be because we suffer from an unexcusabie form of mental blindness.

Happiness. however, since Aris- totle’s day has been looked upon not only as perfectly legitimate but as the highest goal a man can strive for. The contradiction hero is more apparent than real; for the noblest men and women of every age have found true happiness in service to others. We cannot cure the world's ills by bemoaning them, or by failing in gratitude for the

; blessings that we ourselves enjoy.

if the opportunities that go with these blessings are wisely used, why shouldn't they bring, to us and others. a measure of happiness?

There are times when the calen- dar can help us evaluate these gifts, and glcan fresh hope even from our heartaches and disappointments. On such occasions we can he moved to a new resolve to make our re- lationship with others more mean- ingful, antl-~—in our own modest way —to make a happier and better place in which to live.

It is in this spirit that we look forward to a Happy New Year, and extend the greeting to all our read- are with our very best wishes.

The Brighter Side This was Canada’s "austerity" year, but the overall picture was by no means as depressing as the term implies. According to the current

- issue of the Bank of Montreal Busi-

- 0<>-Ole-I’ -'.o-y.. ae-oe-oo

ness Review, industrial production and retail sales both rose to record levels. unemployment was substan- tially reduced, and agricultural out- put exceeded estimates by a. wide margin.

Consumer spending exerted a strong influence on all levels of business activity, says the Bank review. Even when, in the third quarter of the year, sales of motor vehicles dropped it was not because of any luck of demand. but rather because of rundown stocks of the 1962 models.

Government expenditures sup- ported consumer spending. Though the Federal Government embarked on its austerity program the re- ductions were small in relation to the total; while the spending by provincial and municipal govern- ments (now accounting for nearly two-thirds of total government spending) went up.

Canada's external trade reach-

i ‘ed record levels. For the first nine

montha of the year the index of in- dustrial production rose by some 5 per cent, reaching a level of 10 per cent above the peak of the 1958-59 expansion. Primary iron and steel output was up about 10 per cent. At the same time, prices in general advanced very little Considering the general rise in de- mand and the fall inothe external value of the (‘anadian dollar.

This review does not take stock of regional problems, which in the Maritimes were serious enough and were felt particularly by our basic producers. However, it does afford ground for assurance in the coun- try's stability. despite the monetary crisis, the challenge of new com- petition, and the dislocation of trade in a world falling apart in exclusive blocs.

The outlook for next year also has some basic sources of strength. The relatively low capital invest- ment this year, combined with the upswing in the economy. indicates that the time may be drawing near when plans for capital investment and expansion will have to be car- ried out. Similarly, 1962 saw a rela- tively low rate of inventory ac- cumulation. This means that the economy faces 1963 with low inven- tories—a far better Condition for economic expansion than the need to “unwind” an excessive inventory accumulation.

Plenty Of Talk

The US. News & World Report has been adding up the talk mara- thons during the last 17 years be~ tween the United States and the Soviet Union. This is the score to date: Nuclear control, 16 years of talk; disarmament. 1.5 years; Ber— lin. 14 years; nuclear test ban. 5 years: Korean unification, 17 years. In none of these cases has agree- ment been reached and in all talks go on.

The two nations talked for eight years and finally agreed upon a peace treaty for Austria. Some- times agreement is possible. They have been talking 10 weeks over Cuba, and while major U.S. goals have been met the issue is not settled yet. With Red China, talks in Warsaw and at Geneva have been going on since June of 1954—- 129 meeting in all, without major results.

With the proposed “hot” line communication between P r e m i e r Khrushchev and President Ken- nedy, the two world leaders can talk immediately if war threatens ——or even if it doesn't. They can gab like gossips over a back fence, if they feel like it. And who knows if that isn’t precisely what Mr. Khrushchev yearns most to do?

Jaw, jaw, as Winston Churchill once said, is better than war, war. It was never more true than it is today. There’s hope so long as there's talk instead of shooting, and as we enter another new year the prospects are that it will go on with reassuring monotony.

EDITORIAL NOTES

A film showing the life cycle of the Atlantic salmon from the egg onward has been produced by the Federal Fisheries Department, and will be shown in school class rooms and to adult education classes.

The research work of the Cana- dian Institute of International Af— fairs will benefit thnough a grant of $200,000 by the Ford Founda- tion of the United States. The grant testifies to the respect in which the institute is held by the Ford Foundation which make a careful prior study of the organizations judged worthy of its benefactions.

‘ I O

A Washington dispatch quotes President Kennedy as being “both surprised and dismayed” at the re- action of the British press to com- ments on the Nassau talks between him and Prime Minister Macmillan. He needn’t have been surprised. The Washington Post had warn- ed him, anent the debate over Sky- bolt: "That Great Britain is this Country’s closest and most valuable ally and associate is a proposition to which no one could offer a log- ical or convincing dissent. Notwith- standing this, the Government of the United States has hardened its relations with Great Britain with little consideration for British feelings, and not much evidence of real concern about Britain’a position."

I"!

WINTER SCENE, EXPERIMENTALIARMéfl

OTTAWA REPORT by

The burning of ci'figics of I C.N.R. president Donald Gordon J by French-Canadian students was no more childish prank of the Christmas season. On the contrary. it is widely regarded in political circles here as a sc- ‘ rious prolt‘sf by French Canada against the English-spcaking conspiracy to subjugate Quebec.

We can be sure that this is no ncw situation suddenly develop- ing. no chance temporary dis-l coloration of the Canadian scene i which can. like a snowfall. be madc to disappear by the breath of a warm wind of camaraderie. .

But what we must guard against. in the view of many wisc and worried figures on Parliament Hill. is the risk that Quebec's warning may now he aggrivalcd by a supcrcilious stance by English-speaking Ca-} nada. with the result that tcm- ‘I pers load to an irreparablc clea- vage in (‘onfcderatiom We are. now within sight of our 100th. birthday as a nation. But we are i also within sight of our complete and final collapse as one nation. The path we take from this un- l expcctcd and underestimated Crossroad in our history will d9- 1 pcnd upon the wisdom and toi- crancc of our political leaders in - the weeks ahead.

I This column has recently drawn attcntion to one small and j overlooked but typical example . of prejudice against our French- ‘ speaking follow - Canadians. l Thcrc are 32 posts in the feder- ‘ a] government service of the very tiptop rank of deputy min- i istcr or its equivalent. Just three of those were until recently held 3 by French-Canadians. of whom one had just died. Yet that race. - Quchcc and now overspillcd extensively into New Brunswick. Ontario and with scattered com- munities elsewhere. makes up about one-third of our population. Why does that race- not enjoy, the prestige and power of onc-i third of those senior civil service 1 posts? One answer frequently given’ in this and similar cases. such as by Mr. Gordon. is that French-Canadians are not cdu~ cated and trained up to the stan- dard which would qualify them for such posts. This is complete. balderdash. of course. On this argu’mcnt. half the delegates at the United Nations should not be permitted to participate in the work of that body, and our own Prime Minister should not have

l

ficc when he did. never having sat in cabinet before.

So obvious and steel-bound and outrageous is the discrimin- ation against the French here that one senior official well known to me recently told me that only the mouths of his chil- drcn keep him at work here. “Otherside.” he said. “I would

r will signal in cartoonists‘

N0 FAIR BREAK ‘ 1

been allowed to assume that of- ,

Patrick Nicholson

move to the States where no-

Donger Of Confederation Cleavage

[might even be selected as the

body would care if my name is . Guillaume or Maclavish or Du-j

blinsky. B.N.A. OUTDATED

Our constitution is the British North America Act. This pre- Scribcs. in section 133, that ei- ther the English or the French language may be used in any fedcral or Quebec legislative as- sembly or court. At that time, . this was fair and reasonable. But the overspill of French-Can- adians into other provinces now establishes a reasonable case for the recognition in other pro- vinces too of our bilingual. bl- racial and bicultural nature as a nation.

This situation was unexpect- edly and thoroughly aired in the closing debate of our House of Commons before the Christmas holiday. There were distinct

n l

i only to disaster and disconfeder-

l

signs that it might become the j subject of partisan politics. ‘

chosen battleground between the parties. That way can lead

anon. Either Canada recognizes all

Canadians as equal. or the now

inalienable right of sclf—dctcr-

mination will take out of confe- '

deration w h a t e v e r minority group finds itself condemned to permanent second class citizen- ship within confederation. Confederation was our act of faith in 1867, heralding our be- lief that we can create one na- tion within our borders. We

must fulfil that dream of our ‘ ancestors. by compromise and »'

tolerance as necessary. None

of. us would benefit by an afri- :

canization of our tcn provinces today. Many of our politicians

are indeed gravely worried by i

this unexpected but overdue swelling up of this great issue.

Father Time In Mythology

National Geographic Society

Midnight 31 lore.

the cxit of a haggard old man

on December

, and the appearance of a chubby

infant wearing a diaper marked 963.

The personification of New Year Babe and Father Time. traditionally armed with

l a scythe and an hourglass. are

as familiar as those of Santa Claus. Yet these fitting symbols for the end of one cycle of liv- ing and the birth of a n of he r have roots in Greek mythology. Father Time survives as descendant of the Greek god Cronus. lord of the universe. Cronus's face was creased with the lines of inestimable years. and he carried a long. curving

a c. STRANGE APPETITE

Like In a n y of mythology's earthy gods. Cronus was not al- together without defects of character. Having been warned that one of his children would depose him. Cronus coped with the problem by swallowing each at birth. His wife Rhea natural- ly wished to discourage th

0

after his birth, and presented Cronus with a stone wrapped in swaddllng clothes.

The trick worked. Zeus lived to dethrone his father, settle on Mount Olympus, and rule as chief god of the Greek pan- fhcon.

Later, Cronus’s name was confused with the word chron- os. meaning "time." But th hourglass has found a perman- ent place in the hand of the whitebaired gentleman with the scythe.

. Ancient R o m a n 3 identified - Saturn. their god of agriculture, with Cronus. Like his Gree‘k

Cour Yesterday’s

(From the Guardian Files)

TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO December 31, 1937

Guelph, Ont. Dec. 31 - Rev. A. J. MacGillivray. 70. former mo- derator of the General Assemb- ly of the Presbyterian Church in Canada. and one of the most widely known clergyman in the Dominion, died today In th e General Hospital here, after a short illness.

At the regular meeting Acme Rebekah Lodge, Montague 0 Dec. 23. gifts of preserves, pickles, canned goods and other eatables were packed and taken to the Kings County Hospital as a Christmas donation.

'l'EN YEARS AGO December II. 1952 The year 1952 law the e- mand for pulpwood and pltpropa decline greatly. The huge stock- piles of high-priced wood a- thered the previous year at our Canadian and American pulp. mills plus the ion of the over- eeas market were the chief causes of first a scarcity of contracts and second a lowering In price.

Fisher Bros. Ltd. have acquir— ed the building and name of the equipment of the A a Company, Ltd. on Baker Street. and have removed their office

ee theatre.

the1

i l

practice. She hid their son Zeus .

counterpart. Saturn carried a scythe. Rome celebrated Saturnalia. a solstice ceremony of the year's turning. from December 17 to 23. In many ways, the fee- tival resembled prcscnt - d ay New Year celebrations. A l I work stopped: Schools closed. courts handed down no sentenc- es, revelers gamholed in mas- querade, and gifts of w a x e n fruits, candles, and dolls were exchanged. . Even today, exchange of pres- ents lingers as a New custom. The Roman word fo r good-luck gifts— strenac~ sur~ vives in tour d‘etrcnncs. France's popular expression for New Year's Day.

SYMBOL 0F REBIRTH

The New Year Babe may be as old as Father Time. An in- fant was paraded as a symbol of r e b l r t h in pagan Greece's festival of the nature god Dion- ysus. The image of a baby also was featured in Greece's Elcus- inian Mysteries. the im portant

. religious rites that signified the

annual delay and renewal of vegetation.

In more recent times. farm- ers of West Prussia staged the symbolic birth of a child in bar- vest fields. A German folk song of the 14th century depicts the

New Year Babe in its present form. The widespread recognition

of January 1 as the start of the new year is a purer arbitrary custom stemming from ancient Rome. 1! was the time when consuls and other officials took office. Thus Julius Caesar des- Ignated that date as the first day of the Roman year when he adopted the Julian calendar.

Most informed opinion In Brit- ain has dismissed u nonsense the report that the Duke of Windsor, as King Edward VIII, favored an alliance with Nazi Germ ny.

The report is contained in the latest official volume of cap- tured German diplomatic doc- uments published Friday. Ger- man emlaaariea in Inndon dur- Ing the mid-19305 apparently convinced Hitler that Edward VIII wal an admirer of the

all cauae.

The Duke of Windsor has ls- aued a atatement from Perle laying the reports were slanted cu favor with Hitler and thus give a false impression. British newspapers generally echo this view.

However The Daily Mirror's Cassandra (peeudonym of col- umnlet William Connor) the document- reveal the duke en "a headstrong and foolish person." Cassandra concludes:

"Klng Edward vm, accord- ing to title German aueaament, emergee as a fehnue figure who, had wan-end how he dld—avould have come to 1 top of the heap aa a puppet monarch not worthy of the leve fiat wee peered ea kin

Dismissed As Nonsense

By Don] Marshall Canadian Press Staff Writer

by an affectionate and unsus- pecting British public." out o Hitler's information about the king seems to have come from the Nazi Duke of Co- burg, a grandson of Queen Vic- toria and a second cousin of the British monarch. Coburg attended E ton, Eng- land'l top school, and during his

diplomatic period in London cul- ‘ tlva

ted some of his old school-

fellowe who held high places In i

government. He regarded hlm- self as an expert on English ao- tlety.

‘ T e documente make clear that Hitler apparently believed la emiulry'a report- and ae~ cepted the unlikely theory that the Brltlah‘ monarch'a views on foreign policy could influence the British government's be- havior. .

Moreover. much of what Co- hura reported seems to have been garnered from casual con- versations in private over cock- tails and coffee.

Itreee their true 'opiuiona m 'ant:i aslnmli'llllppanf [oaelp can ea a y wrong conclu- Ilene

Yearl

New Drugs Aids Malaria Control

By Dr. Man B. Van Della A SINGLE lajoctlon of I new experimental drug is laid to of- fer protection alainat malaria for a year. It ha been need on *volunteerl by Dr. 6. Robert Coatney of the National lnltltut- ea of Health. So far, I0 lood. the acid test wlll come when it is used under actual field conditions.

Most of the volunteers who received the compound were hit- ten by infected mosquitoes at monthly intervals and none de- veloped malaria. The product was used also in treating the di- sease and symptoms disappear- ed. with apparent cure. he drug has the advantage of being released so slowly. the para- sites in various “hard-to-get-to" tissues are killed.

The new remedy is in marked contrast to quinine that has aer- ved the world so well for hund- reds of years. It was replaced by improved products during World War ll. Malaria is going in many countries but still is present in areas inhabited by millions. These people will get a tremendous lift from realizing that life can be enjoyed without the constant fear of this mal- ad

y.

Malaria is disabling. The in- fected person goes through sev- eral stages of‘the disease. Fol- lowing the bite from an infected mosquito. the parasites settle in certain tissues and then enter the red blood cells and multip- ly. During this period there II quick fatigue and aching of the bones. particularly in the back and neck.

The chill develops when the progeny of the parasite locat- ed in each red cell rupture into the blood stream. This cold stage lasts 45 minutes and the victim shivers and shakes and the skin becomes cold an clammy. This is followed by the hot stage. with fever up to 105 degrees F.. lasting another 45 . minutes.