PAGE FOUR ,_ _ __, ,_ Morning Dally (Founded In i881) Authorlled ae Second Clan Rlaii, Pole Office Department, Ottawa. The laliuul Guardian Pubilehlnj Ca. Editor em! Managing Dirac-fur, .1. It. liurnett. Aenorinte Editor, l-‘rnnis Walker. "_"The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest lnk"

CHARLOTTETOWN, FRIDAY, SEPT. 23. 1949

Another Rates increase

On the theory that half a loaf is better than no bread, both sides will no doubt be able to find some consolation in the eight per cent boost in railway freight rates announced yester- day by the Board of Transport Commissioners. The railways were asking for more, and the seven opposing Provinces were protesting any further increase. The Board's judgment is based on the curious reason that it was the opinion of a majority of its members that the former Zl per cent increase should have been only I5 per cent; hence the additional Z0 per cent increase asked for at this time was cut to eight per cent, thus equalizing the matter in the Board's opin- ion. One would have to go back to Alice in Won- derland for the logic of this gesture. ln the meantime we are faced with the fact that the horizontal rates will now have been boosted to the tune of Z9 per cent over the rates prevailing in early March, i948, and that this added burden falls largely upon the outlying Provinces in the Maritimes and the West, leaving the more pros- perous Central Provinces with their highly com- petitive rates in a preferred position.

That the situation might have been worse is painted out by Premier Jones, who figures that had the full additional 20 per cent increase been granted yesterday, it would have meant, on the basis of I948 available figures, an additional cost to this Province of $730,000 annually.

This saving he attributes to the fight put up by the seven Provinces against the previous rate increase. There is no doubt but that their protest was worth while. On the other hand, the increase now granted will mean on estimated $3,200,000 annually in added rail tolls to the Maritimes, which is something that seriously af- fects the shippers of this Province.

The eight per cent boost is announced as a temporary measure, the Board stating that it will deal with the application again after the ‘Royal Commission on Transportation and other Government surveys on rail business complete their findings. That will not be until next year. ln the meantime one can only hope that the arguments presented by the Provinces will ap- peal more strongly to the Board when it recon- venes. Should this not prove to be the case, the opposing Provincial Governments will have to get together in real earnest, and ask themselves and Ottawa the moot question: Where do we go from here?

llaril To Forget

The Canadian Press reports that newcomers to the ‘Senate -- thirteen since the last session-- were given "a mild lecture" by Senator Craig, Op- position leader. "You are not here as Liberals but as Canadians," he cautioned. "l want you to for- get your Liberalism and remember your respon- sibilities as Canadians."

This is excellent advice, though it would be likely to have more effect if it came from the other side of the House. To ask the new Liberal Senators — or the old ones either, for that mat- itcr-to forget their Liberalism is to ask them to forget that in every case without exception it was their Liberalism that got them where they are. Party loyalty has been the first and foremost consideration in making Senate appointments, and the present Government's overwhelming ma- jority in both Houses hasn't induced it to depart one iota from this practise.

Senator Craig was therefore unduly optimis- tic if he expected his good words to carry much weight. Probably he didn't! He had a traditional duty to discharge and he did it in the customary manner, quite impressively, and no doubt to polite applause. lf his words had ah academic ring to the seasoned party stalwarts he address- ed, that was neither his fault nor theirs—it was just the fault of the system about which both sides are cynically aware, but which has to be ignored on formal occasions of this kind, as if the long record of Senatorial votes along straight party lines, w-earisomely familiar to every reader of H:nsord, never existed.

“ The Bane 0f Bureaucracy

During the vacation of "Janus," qflle paragrapher for The Spectator, a British weekly, his place has been taken by "Stix," whose capa- bilities are not limited to writing. He raised eight pigs which, in due course, he sold to the Ministry of Food, the only legal purchaser of livestock for slaughter. ln due course, he reports, he received a check smaller than the amount due him and an accompanying receipt which described eight ani- mals obviously not those he had-sold. ‘He was advised to file a claim for supplementary pay- merit, describing himself as "an aggrieved pro- ducer" and explaining why. Two months later a representative of the Ministry of Food arrived by car, checked the facts and drove away. Two months after that, having heard nothing further and still being out an estimated $200, "Stix" con- tinues: ‘

"I asked, the Livestock Control people in Reading how things were going. They very kindly rang up an official in Newbury, who rang up an official in High Wycombe, who said that the matter was being dealt with by the Ministry of Food’: headquarters at Colwyn Boy. Reading then rang up Colwyn Bay, who promised to look into the matter and ring Reading back straight away. This war several doye ago, and nothing more has been heard from any of these forflung custodians of the nation's stomach."

From this "Stix" concludes that the over- burdened toxpayer is at least getting a lot of overtead for his money.

EDITORIAL NOTES

The carrying of busses on the car ferry is

a_ decided improvement over the transfer at each side. lt is'to be hoped that the C. N. R. and l.M.T. can maintain and develop the combined service. U

The Federal Government having written off some $500,000 worth of fish products purchased by the Fisheries Prices Support Board, this should be considered chiefly as part of the cost of wind- ing up relief shipments.

U U

I O

An offlclal report that Britain's socialized dentists pulled teeth faster and filled them slow- er than private dentists indicates one thing, at least. The wishes of the patient are less likely to be heeded when the state is footing the bill.

Ole

lt would not be surprising if Newfoundland- ers think regretfully of the advantages they might have had if still in the sterling area. Sales to Britain would have remained as before and they would have a decided advantage in the United States market.

U

The World Medical Association has propos- ed a new form of the Hippocratic oath which concludes: " . . . My colleagues will be my brothers; I will not permit considerations of re- ligion, nationality, race, party politics or social standing to intervene between my duty and my patient; l will maintain the utmost respect for human life from the time of conception; even under threat, l will not use my medical knowledge contrary to the laws of humanity . . ."

I

¥ I

I A Manchester, England, firm has secured $1,000,000 order from the U. S. Government to supply American soldiers all over the world with a civilian type of raincoat. This is the result of a three-year effort by the firm to establish a good footing in the U. S. A. market. The firm's organisation is already supplying rainwear to the American public at similar prices to gar- ments produced in the U. S. A.

An aircrpft load of blueberry plants from Canada may giye Scotland a thriving new horti- culture industry and provide a valuable use for what is at present almost valuele_ss peat land. The plants will be fully grown and, uprooted one day in Nova Scotia, they will be planted in Lan- arkshire within 24 hours, after an air crossing to Prestwick. By transplanting fully grown blue- berry bushes, it is hoped that from four to five years will be saved in developing the industry in Scotland. ' i

I

Sir Alan Patrick Herbert, K.C., M.P., M.A., British author and politician, born this date, I890. A member of the editorial staff of Punch; in- dependent member of Parliament for Oxford Uni- versity; attained popularity by securing the pos- sage of his Matrimonial Causes bill in I937. ,Hos a large number of ephemeral publications to his credit, including Holy Deadlock, The Trials of Topsy, Misleading Cases, Mr. Pewter Sees lit Through; Well Anyhow: "A highbrow is the kind of person who looks at a sausage and thinks of

Picasso."

i I I

A sharp drop in dairy production in France has resulted from the decrease in feeds caused by the drought. As a means of halting the in- crease in prices which are already noticeable in dairy produce, the Minister of Agriculture has decided to import, immediately, butter and cheese, principally from Hollan-d and Denmark under agreements already concluded. Prices-hove in- creased progressively over the past several weeks, butter has risen by about 50 francs per kilo. The same trend can be seen in cheeses, gruyere, in particular, selling at nearly lOO francs above the fixed rate.

l

Although a total of eleven campaign stars and medals will be distributed to former mem- bers of the Canadian armed forces in the Sec- ond World War, the most any one individual can be awarded is eight, according to Hon. Milton F. Gregg, Minister of Veterans Affairs. Distribu- tion of the stars and medals is expected to start about October lst, with it being necessary for all lxterons to make application in order to in- sure that addresses are accurate. "The war ser- vice records division of the department, which has been checking the files in order to establish eligibility, has not yet been able to locate a veteran who will receive seven, but we can't yet say positively that any Canadian veteran will re- ceive eight."

O I

Another new anaesthetic. Behind one of the exhibits seen at the Scottish Industries Exhibition in Glasgow (September I to I7) lies, the story of a turbocurarine chloride — is shown by Duncan Flockhart and Company, Ltd. of Edinburgh, a firm which has had a long association with de- velopments in anaesthesia and helped Sir James Simpson in his pioneer work on behalf of Chloro- form. Tubocurarine chloride is one of the'most remarkable drugs discovered in recent years. lt is processed by this firm from curare, a poison which was used for centuries by South American Indians to tip their arrows before firing them from blowpipes. A wound from such an arrow had fatal results. Although the secrets of this poison were closely guarded by the natives, ex- plorers and scientists studied its properties over many years, and it was found that curare could produce partial paralysis. This property was de- veloped, and from research the Edinburgh firm has for two years been manufacturing this drug. The drug- causes o relaxation of muscles, thus enabling a surgeon to work more quickly dur- ing an operation, while much less anaesthetic is required and the patient can make o more speedy recovery. It is widely used to control convulsions and to relieve conditions of rigid paralysis, such as those caused by poliomyelitis. The drug ie issued in e lpeciol solution which con be mixed with thiopentone, on anaesthetic which played a vital part _i_ii wor-tlrne surgery.

THE GUARDIAN, CHARLOTTETOWN~

A lilcirSiigar Bookie For Each 0f Tliaie

l

74¢ i

rim GRANITE MOUNTAIN

I know h. mountain, lone it lies Under wide blue Arctic skies.

Gray against the crimson rags Of sunset. loom its granite crags.

Gray granite are the peaks that sundcr

The clouds. and gray the shadows under.

Down the weathered gullles flow Wafers from its crzinnled snow.

Tu-mbling cataracts that roar Canirsnading flown the shore;

And rivulels that hurry after With a sound of silver laughter. Up its ramparts winds a trail To n clover-meodowcd vale,

High among ihe hills and woods Locked ln lonely solltudes.

Only wild feet can essay The perils of that dragged way.

l And here beneath the rugged shoul- dcrs Of the granite cliffs and boulders, Tn the valley of the sky

Where tranquil twilight shadows lle,

Greece And Albania

(Elizabeth Barker)

The smallest of all the Balkan countries, Albania, seems today t.a hold the key to peace in south- East. Europe.

Albania has acquired its present. importance for three main reasons. First, lt has for the past summer, particularly since Tito closed the Greek-Yugoslav frontier, been the only one of the northern neigh- bours of Greece to give support on any significant scale to the Greek Communist rebels,

Next, the recent victories of the Greek army over the rebels in the Vltsl and Grammos regions bor- dering on Albania have, at. least. temporarily, put. an end to the fighting in Greece. But. about. 8.000 Greek rebels have escaped to Al- bania, and may try to filter back over the frontier and rekindle the Civil War.

Finally, international interest. has been focussed on Albania by its present isolation. So long as Yugo- slavia was at one with soviet. Rus- sia, and the other Communist reg- imes of Eastern Europe, Albania was solidly welded geographically, economically, and politically into the Soviet bloc. But now, the breach between Tina's Yugoslavia and the soviet bloc ls virtually complete; and Albania, with ite narrow strip of mountain land fac- lng the Adriatic Sea, has become geographically isolated from the rest of the bloc, excep for a. de- vious sen route or air contacts. Economically too, ll; ls now out off from Yugoslavia, previously its

Hunted creatures ln their flight Find n refuge for the night.

~hew Saretl.

_______ B Old Charlottetown (And P. I. I.)

HORSE-POWER MACHINE Legislative Assembly, February 20, 1839:

"Mr. J. S. MacDonald presented a petition from William Small- wood, of Lot 48, setting forth that. Petitioner, during the put. year, has invented. and with his own hands constructed, a Horse-Powpr Machine, applicable for the pro- pelling of machinery for verioue uses, but. particularly adapted ta propel a Threshing Machine, for which purpose it was more partl- cularly designed. That. having been applied by Petitioner to the latter purpose, it. has been proved co answer the end designed in o. manner no as to ’ Pm" 's most sanguine expect ' - that. its prlnclplo and construction be- ing more simple than any power hitherto imported into this Colony for a similar purpose, and being almost wholly composed of wood, the power in question can made or procured by any farmer at l comparatively trifling outlay, while popaeseing, et the seine time, the great. advantage of being more easily driven. and when out of order, of being repaired by him- aelL-That he has hitherto refrain- ed from applying for e Patent for the exclusive right. of making end vending the some, solely from the consideration that it would tend to llmlt. its usefulness — relying upon the llberellty ofgtlte House for affording him encouragement ln another form, - That. the power‘ constructed by Petitioner hee been examined and tested by e number of competent. persona. WhOIQ certi- ficates es to lte efficiency, together with a model oi the Machine. m transmitted. - And ' preyirlg the Home to grant Petitioner eueh e. iium ll in its wisdom it may deem

him justly entitled to." Ae e. result of tiue petition It. ,

-

chief‘ source of supply; substitute deliveries from Russia can only reach lt ln the rare Soviet ships that: call at the Albanian port. _ Politically, there has so far been iio surface change ln Albania. Prlmo Minister Euver Hoxha and his Government proclaim their ab- solute devotion to Moscow. and their loathing for Tito more loud- ly than any of the Comlnlorm countries. Nevertheless, Albania. now flnds itself wedged between two neighbours - Yugoslavia and Greece - both of which its Gov- ernment has done its utmost w antagonise. so it would not. be al- together surprising if Hoxha, were to decide that. the time hid come for him to draw in his horns, Te- tlre into his shell, and cease to provoke boll-i his immediate neigh- bours and also the western powers, It l! this possibility of a change in Albanian policy that has helped to bring Albania into the headlines. I O O

8o fer, it must be admitted that. there has been very little definite sign of such a change. In August, the AI ‘ Gvv-‘I ‘ officially ennounc ‘ its intention of disarm- lng and interning Greek rebels. However, it. made en almost iden- tical pronouncement a y_ear ego, which proved a mere formality; In practice. only a very email number

be of rebels who mu uien escaped to

Albania were ever dlsarmod, end Albanian territory continued to serve e8 a hue for rebel operations in Greece. Owing to the Albanian Government's hostile attitude to- wards the United Nations Special Commission for the Bellune. lt-la impossible for United Nation ob- eervere to check the reality of this year's statement. Meanwhile, men or the Greek army ere now sitting on the bleak mountain-sides all along the Albanian frontier to pre- vent the rebels’, return. But. they cannot be kept there throughout the blttgr winter months. That la why so much depends on Ihver Boothe.

The: ello le, why the Greek pub- lle hes been exerting very. strong

Smeilvvoooreoeiiiude-voteotllo

from the Home. llereodmi n_

slinlter liim for hh invention from the. Central Agricultural lociet].

pressure on the Greek Government. to declare that. if there are fresh incursions by rebels from Alban- lnn soil, the Greek army may, ln accordance with the right. of self- defence laid down in Article 51 of the United Nations Charter, pursue them hack to their bases in Alban- la. but it has to be borne in mind that, throughout the Vltls-Gram- mos fighting of the late summer. the Greek Government. showed greal; restraint ln the face of great provocation. There seem to have been one or two very minor and. in the view of U.N.S.C.O.B., excus- nble violations of the Albanian frontier; but. in general, the Greek army showed exemplary discipline. At the same time, the western powers have hccir anxious to pre- vent dropping any spark which mlghl. kindle a wider Balkan con-

l III fill." MIR!“ Fl

‘meme-announcer eve.

We have itl You'll Iove itl A beautiful new floral design to have and to hold . . . for ireeptl Pm. "fled Iii-Inn we» by eolld lllvll’ ovrrhv. Services start et was in hendlome Anti.'|'.rn“h Chests.

, ~ ' The ROGERS iIlilillVlRRE

SEPTEMBER _2a. mo“

- — Notes By

Ill-a perfect world, of course, neither children nor adults would be interested in trashy cure", no vendor would sell it, no publisher would prlnt it and no author or artist would produce if. _B_ut even ln our imperfect world, e. lot could be done by parents and vendors providing children with decent "literature." There's far more of it, actually, than of the other stuff, even if it doesn't re- icelve nearly as much publicity. In- _crease the demand for the one and [reduce it for the other, and pub- "llshers, authors and artists will lsoon see that the people get. what. [they want, for there's money ln isatlsfylng the big demand. - Ed- l

monton Journal.

i Toronto In really not. very old as lcltles go. Exhibition visitors see on 5 the grounds the log cabin of John [Scaddlng built in 1794, and that. ls one of the very first houses ln

fllct. o. conflict yvhlch might per- haps even spread beyond the Balk- ans.

GOO

l

, Albanlifs attitude ln the next few sveeks or months may thus have wide powerful repercussions. Although so little is known about this attitude, certain guesses can be made about the factors which ‘may influence Enver l-Ioxha. He may well be troubled by the growth of internal unrest at home. His Communist. Party has been splll by the Belgrade-Moscow dispute, the leaders of the powerful ‘Tito- lsl." faction, notably Kori Xoxe have been eliminated, but. their followers may have survlvcrl and may, perhaps, stlll have links with Tim's Yugoslavia. The increasing- ly difficult economic situation — Albania l8 iii. best on exceptionally poor backward country may heighten this pollflcol tension. Then agnln the Envoi- Hoxhn Gov- ernment, to judge by its propagan- cla. l5 badly worrlcrl by the activ- ities of Albanlnns abroad; it. has jlel: forth some extraordinary blasts iogalnst. the newly-formed free Al- lbanlnn committee, headed by Fra- sherl and by the will‘ time antl- ICommunlst Resistance [leader Abas Kupl. It is also lnveighlng against the supposed intrigues of notable "Tltolst." Albanians ln Yugoslavia, such as Ganl Kryezlu.