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‘OCTOBER 26,113.35

National Temperance Study Course For

Sunday Schools 1935

Study IV-Ociober 21th, Senior ALCOHOL AND HEALTH

on June 19. 1N3, the Norwegian zxplolfi‘ Fridtiof Nansen, set out on his furious polar expedition. Stored away in the ship's hold wele all the illPplles and equip- merit necessary for five long years or drifting across the Arctic wastes. There were many kinds of scientific uiau nts, guns, ammunition, nskimo kayaks, mow sleds, husky dogs. In’ case the ship should be iLTllShBd by the ice there were tents, camping equipment and seal oil- icmps. To keep the men strong and healthy there were all sorts of pro- visions; every food which might. help withstand 001d or fight disease 1111s included. Nor had Nansen for- gotten the medicine chest. Into it he put; every medical and surgical supply that might save the lives of his men in can of accident or sick- ucxss. Yet, in this medicine chest or among the suppies in the hold, there-was not one bottle of brandy, wine, beer whisky or gin. There \\':\s.n0t even the usual kegs of rum. The great Nansen had refused to have one drop of any intoxicating beverage on board his ship-for his refusal he had three reasons which every boy and girl should know.

1. Alcohol Robs the Body 0f Ilcat and Increases the Danger of Freez- lug. The people who lived at that time firmly believed that an nico- hollc beverage could make the body run-m. Therefore, there were some who laughed at Nansen for saying that beer, brandy or rum could hob the body of heat and so increase the danger of i’ ling.

“That is im ble," they said. "for every one must know how the skin becomes red and flushed nfter u. glam or two oi beer, or how much warmer a. man feels after a lEti-ie brandy or {fin Who eve:- heard 0i alcohol bing the body oi heat?" -

For these t and other gibec. Ncnsch had c ready answer.

Do not imagine, he would say, that the man who feels warm really is worm. That is the cafie wth the normal ‘man, but with the main who has taken s. little drink of liquor it is different. He merely imagines he is warm when all the time he is losing heat. You see, it is this way! Alcohol sends the blcod to the surface of the body; here it is quickly cooled by the outside air, and in u. short time the drinker not only begins to feel cold, but he really is cold. as the escaping heat has lowered his temperature. Alco- hol has robbed the body of best

germs.

We have already learned that Hlwhul. even in small doses, numbc Dart c! the brain which has charge of all the muscles. This means that m6 0185115, such as the lstomach, liver. lungs and heart, work irregu- larly, and indigestion, swollen liver, congestion of the lungs, and m- largement of the heart may result. The effect of alcohol mlty not ep- pecr in any One of these ways, but "16 Wniequcflt irregularity lessens the efficiency of the body organs, which damages the general health and makes the drinker lees able to combat disease.

'I'l’le human body fights 115313.13 Serms by means oi’ tiny white cor- Puscles which swim around in the blood-stream, These are called the 5°41‘ D0110emon. Thus when disease genus enter the body there is a battle. Mid white corpuscles swallow and digest the germs, kill- ing them. When alcohol is taken the white corpuscles are numbed or IIB-ralyzed, and for hours they are not able to move about as quickly as itsual. They ere less quick to gather st the danger points. less quick to swallow the enemies and nmy become weak and die.

People used to believe that alco- hol in whiskey and brandy was a protection against disease. We know to-day that alcohol, for the two reasons mentioned, makes it easier for us to get sick and harder 101' us to get well. For this reason ‘insurance companies on this con- tinent hove found that. the use or alcohol tends to shorten life, and they do not care to insure those who drink!" There is no reason to doubt that alcohol injures general health and lowers the resis- tance oi the body to disease, end this is the third reason by Nansen took no beverage containing alco- hol on his polar expedition.

Nansen was not the only explorer W110 Tefllfied to take beverage con- taining‘ alcohol on tripe to the poles. In 1011 Captain Scott and Captain Amundsen headed expedi- tions in a. race to the south pole by two dffcrent routes. '

"Alcohol was absolutely barred 011 1116 tourney." said Captain Amunsden.

"I believe that alcohol is tfstlnctly harmful to persons doing physical work.” wrote Captain Scott.

Nansen, Amundsen and Scott had no inith in alcoholic ctirlks as n wig to resist or to withstand the oo .

Questions

and increased the danger of freegl/ 1. Give three reasons why Nansen 1113

The reason for this is simple. Alcohol deadens the brain. As a result, certain tiny muscles. the walls oi the capillaries 0r blood vessels are rcirased from their usual control. imperfectly controlled, they become weak and flabby, and allow the capillaries to become enlarged Bi-ood rushm in and a. great number of these capillaries are to be found directly under the skin, 1t is not long before the whole surface of the body becomes warm. with much blood near the surface much heat escapes, and alcohol may be said to rob the body of heat.

The last thing on explorer of the for North can afford to lose 0r allow to escape is heat. He must conserve it. l-Ie must protect it. He must wear suitable clothes, he must eat the proper food. Above all

‘he must not use alcohol in any

form. for it “disturbs the delicate mechanism which regulates the heat of the body," and allows precious heat to escape. Nansen was right; alcohol in uny formilfls no place in the lives of men who face cold in the frozen reaches oi the north. or in any other section of the globe.

2. Alcohol Produces Little Ileat and 1| Not a body Builder. For muny years explorers of the far north believed that alcohol con- tained much heat-producing food. For this mason kegs of rum. cases of beer and bottles of whiskey were included among the supplies. Mid in the coldest weather were used freely. It ls‘ little wonder that men died oi cold and many a polar eX- ueditlon ended in failure.

1t is true that in nlcoholic bever- ages there is some heat-producing food. It is very slight, however, and ccmies mainly from the sugar which is used to feed the yeast. Computed with the heat-producing 100d ill linead, oatmeal. mtntocs and milk. the amount. in alcohol is insignif- cant.

Oatmeal has 89 P" cent mat‘ producing food

Bread has 22 1-2 per mt hm- produclng food.

Pctctoee have 22 per cent heat- Producing 100d

Milk has 9 per cent heat-produc-

i food

W12: has a 1-2 per can heat-pro- ducing food

Beer has 1-2 per cent heat-Pm‘

ducing food Whiskey has almost no heat- producing food

Moreover. the unounlt. of heat we M from alcohol in this Wily 15 nuch less than the amount oi heat we lose through the action of alco- hol on tho cllpllilrles of the skin.

Alcohol cannot. be Nslffld l8 8 fooginmytruemlsmlbod can be ctnredinthe bodyior future “M; llcchol cannot. Therefore it is 110i’- fl- body builder, and should never be taken as u tonic to strengthen the muscle: or to gain weight. ‘Ibex-e- ION , we may conclude that the vfllue of my clcoholic drink l! I- lmt-poducing or bodY-bulldinz 100d is negugible, and Nlmlvu fihtly refused to throw awaY rrney on its purchase. or clutter u precious mace In his ship with alcohol in my form.

l- Alcohol Whkenc the Reill- ilmco of the Body to Dionne. It does this in two ways: first. by in- lllflng the organs of the body; and ‘Puond. by poimning the white cor-

which destroy discus

did nottoke any intoxicating bever- age to the pole. (Value 6.)

2. How docs alcohol rob the body 0f 118M 11nd c0 increase the danger of freezing? (Value 10.)

‘tFrom the Ontario Public School Health Book. Fraser and Porter, by Pennisson of the publishers, The Com). Clark Co., Limited, Toronto.

Study Iv-ootobei- 27th (Junior) xssrmc rue truss cums By Edith Langiand Mary r. Ritchie

"One — and — two -— and - thnec — and four! One — and - two - and - three —- and T 130x11; stand there, Shorty Graham, you mdke me nervous. I see you have both the tennis racquefs, but I can't play tfli I have finished these exercises. One -- and — two and. - three and four. Run off now and I'll be there in a few minutes. I'll be all the harder to beat after I get through, so you'd better watch your step," and Jean Graham turned her back on her brother and wcnt on with her exericses, bending her knee and thrusting her foot out in front of her with a perklng motion that seem ‘ to fascinate Shorty.

"Aw, ict. me stay a minute. That's one I don't know. What's it for?"

"The leg muscles," said Jean obllgingly. "It's a. new exercise we got in school yesterday, and it's a good one. We girls don't go racing all over the pince like you boys do, and we don't climb trres and so these muscles don't get enough ex- ercise sometimes. Swimming would help some, but whet is one to do when the lake is five miles away and there's not enough water in the river at. this time of the Yeti-l‘ even for wading?"

"You might get down on the grass and pretend to swim.“ sug- gested Shorty. "That's what I'd do if I couldn't find bny other way."

"Well, I'd rathcr this way, speci- ally when 1 have on n. clean middi’. Come on, let's try it; together. It's great for the muscles."

"Funny things muscles are, aren't they?" said Shorty, mlrn they paused for breath a little later. "I'd like to look under my skin and sec Effie work, wouldn't you?"

"No, I'm not so curious. I'll take Miss Watson's word for it that they're there. and my own feelings for it that they're all right. But I know it. in a minute when they're not right."

"Did Miss Watson any what they look like?" asked Shorty."

"Oi course. You'll loam all about it when you get into the next mom at school.

‘These leg muscles till-t W!“ emercising. arc like a. bundle of elastic strings, Miss Watson 5M5- They may not look like that exactly but they work like elcstio nnyway. They get longer or shorter

sstholegisliftedupordownand too

the more elastic they are, why the move quickly we can walk or run or climb. of course. The nun-c we exercise it the more elastic and active it gets and the more easily it moves. n it isn't um much. it isn't so elastic, but gets ltlff and slow and it tires one to mm it much. That's why we have to keep it supple. It's easier to keel! it $11M My ma; tag? it that wcy mace it has g s -'

"Anybodyw know that," sniffed shorty.

"You'd think Q. bill I!!!“ lb-

THE CHARLAOTTETOWN GUARDIAN

Dorft

You Use

THE person to ask whether the preparation you or your family are taking for the relief of headaches and pains of rheu- matism, neuriti: and neuralgia in SAFE to use regularly i: your family doctor. Ask him particularly in regard to “ASPIRIN? He will tell you that before the discovery ‘of "Aspirin" o most "pain" remedies were advised against by physicians as upsetting to the stomach and, often, bad for the heart. Which is food for thought if you seek quick, safe relief.

But Know e

Whether the “Pain” Remedy

Don't Entrust Your Own or Your Family's Well-Being to Unknown Preparations.

Demand and et

“ASPIRIN”

Guess

is SAFE

Scientist-l rate “A|p1riu" among the fastest methods yo! discovered for the relief of headaches and the pains of rheumatism, neuritis and neu- ralgia. And the experience oi‘ millions oi‘ users has proved it: safe for the average person to use regularly. In your own interest remember this. O“Aspirin" Tablets are made in Canada. "Aspirin" is the registered trade-mark of the Bayer Company, Limited of Canada. Be sure to look for the name Bayer in the form of a cross on every tablet.

taken. Lot-s c! people, people who Pretend to be athletic, too, Just m. their muscles go to pieces when they're not actually playing s, 811119. then they have all sorts of troubic setting into condition again. And some of them 1' don't know how to treat. their muscles, anyway. They let their telegraph Wl-‘W 1M duwn , and sometimes there is not getting them into working order again at 3,111," "Their telegraph wires!" Shorty Bwvped working his lee muscles 511d Sta-fed at his sister as if she were crazy.

"Your lines of communication. then. 1r you like that better."

“That sounds Just as crazy. What have muscles to do with telegraph lines and-what did you call that other thing?"

"Lines of communication, which are about the some things. I mean the lines that carry the messages

You have to have the idea in your brain before you can tell your énuascles what you want them to O.

"on!" said Shorty.

"Sure. _Your brain decides whether it is your arm or your leg, W111‘ fillgcrs 0r your toes you want to move, and then a. message is sent at once-quicker than even the fastest telegraph wire could carry it.—to the leg or the foot or the arm or the hand muscles, and they draw up or let down just as main decides. It's wonderful, isn't it, the way ourbodles are made? And it's a. wonder, too, that they keep in such good condition when you think of all the things we do to put them out of order."

“What things?" asked Shorty, lilting his leg up and letting 1t 510W‘? down again, the-n drawing up his arm so that he might watch the musclees there rise. “Working 10o hard?"

"No, of course not. Work has never killed many people yet. But muscles have to be fed as well as exercised. you know."

"No, I don't know, and 1 don't belive you do either. Jenn Graham. How could any one feed a. muscle? Really feed it, I mean."

too." laughed Jean. "Every part oi our bodies must; be fed. The part of our food that feeds the muscics— for it is the food we take in through our mouths, ci course, that feeds all Pfl-ris of the body-As the part we call protein. that is the Dart that we get from mlk, cheese, was, lean meat. and things of that sort. We need food that contains protein. and that is why alcohol is of no use to help build the body up, for there is no protein what- ever in it. And what isymuch worse, not only does it not help to build "P. but. it. does help to pull down the good work that the other food has done. It does a lot of damage to the little cells that make up our muscles, and they cannot do their work. so the muscle threads (the muscles, you remember, look like a bundle of elastic strings or threads) that should spring back into place like a piece of elastic, get worn and flabby and have no spring in them ct all."