r .y.. i

, income of over $10,000, and no nurse of over

ialvlsablllty of relying so heavily on one type

to placetbince the 1.946 taxation veer.

PAGE FOUR‘

THE GUARDIAN

Morning Dllly (Founded In I081)

Authorized ua ricn-ond Cline Stall, Paar. Office Department, Ottawa. The Inland Guardian Publishing Co. Irlltor and Managing Director. J. l. Burnett.

Associate Editor, Frank Walker.

"The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than

the Weakest Ink." CHARLOTTETOWN. TUESDAY, NOV. 1e, i948

The Late Senator MacDonald

lt was with a deep sense of loss that our citizens learned of the sudden death early yes- terday morning of Senator John A. MacDonald. ln public life continuously for forty years, since his first election to the Provincial Legislature in i908, few men in any Province achieved ‘such a noteworthy record for integrity, conscientlous- ness and fairmindedness. "His word was his bond" - an aphorism too frequently honoured in the breach — was in his case literally true, and both word and bond were regarded as gilt- edged securities by all who knew him.

In addition to his conformity in this respect to the highest standards, Senator MacDonald was a man of marked business ability and exper- ience, well informed on a great variety of sub- lactgaaonvincing speaker and delightful conviar- ratlonlst, a charming host, a wise counsellor, and trusty friend. Though a staunch lifelong Con- servative, he was never a bitter partisan. Moral and religious values, and the social amenities, he regarded as of prime importance and it is not surprising that he enjoyed in such large meas- ure the friendship and esteem of leading members of both political parties. This is apparent from the tributes appearing in today's issue from a few of the men in public life who knew and ad- mired him.

Brltlsh Bacon Market

Agriculture Minister Gardiner has under- taken to refute the British Food Minister, Mr. Strachey, who implied in a recent statement that Canada was responsible in some measure for the decision of the British authorities to reduce the bacon ration from Canada by one-half.

The whole story of these Canada-U. K. bacon contracts is an involved one. The Ottawa Journal points out that ever since 1944 Canada's dominant position in the UK bacon market has been steadily deteriorating. This year we will ship over about one-third the amount of pork pro- ducts we sent in the peak year. Whether this is the result of our inability to produce or Brit- ain's inability to pay is a nice question which might only be answered at very top level.

But even this year, when our bacon exports will be just under 200,000,000 pounds, this trade is worth over $60,000,000 to Canada. lt is therefore an important part of our export picture and not something to be taken lightly. It has been profitable business for some Canad- ian farmers, but the very fact that they have not kept up production at anything like war- time figures would indicate that, for the major- ity, pig feeding for the British trade was not as attractive a proposition as other lines of farm- ing. The reasons for this are many, obscured by the prices of grains and labor in many cases.

One fault has been that the initial produc- tion end of the industry was never fully organized in Canada, and as a result shipments have been uneven or high storage costs have resulted. Farm. ers produced pigs when it suited them best, not necessarily when they were wanted. Britain re- quired an even flow of bacon the year around.

It might be added that in the Maritime; the high cost of feed was a factor of no inconsrder- oble importance in this connection.

income Taxes

As a group, schoolteacher; pay a larger sum rn income taxes than all the farmers in Can- ada. At least this is what the figures for the fiscal ear 1946 indicate. This information is contained in Taxation Statistics, 1948, jugt pub. lished by the Department of National Revenue. The following points of interest are thus noted editorially in Canadian Business:

In the i946 taxation year, farmers paid in- come taxes of $9.8 million, but to this amount should be-added payments received too late for inclusion in the tabulation. ln the same vear, employees of educational institutions contribut- ed $13.6 million to the income tax coffers. Those figures should be subjected to careful examin- ation before hasty conclusions are drawn. None the less, the comparison does suggest that the collection of income taxes falls mast fully on those whose incomes are subject to deduction at the source.

According to the Department's statistics, farming on a large scale is not profitable. In the i946 fiscal year, for instance, farmers with com- bined gross incomes of over $20,000 annually re- ported total net losses of $257,000. Those with incomes of over $50,000 a year were $62,000 in the red.

ln the professions, medical doctors and sar- geons paid almost twice as much in taxes ($14.1 million) in the 1946 taxation year as the legal profession ($7.5 million) which, in turn, contribut- od twice as much as dentists ($3.6 million.) Two independent Canadian authors had annual in- comes of over $10,000 and these two together reported $67,000. No entertainer revealed an

$5,000. Employees of agricultural enterprises paid total income taxes of $297,000.

As a class, single taxpayers with no depen- dents, paid the largest total tax ($194 million). In Canada, 2,480 taxpayers reported annual in- come of averv$25,000, of which slightly over half- resided in Ontario.

in the I05 pages of tables in this book one shobld be able to find enough data to challenge

i fjlakatlon. Distortions and inequities appear to Yet an encouraging improvement in Ml- n and collection of income taxes has

tDllURlAl. NUHZS

ii-

No one need doubt about the approach of an election with all these Federal handouts in

the offing.

a e 1v a

Canada will not go to the Washington fish- ey conference in January prepared for battle royal. The duys when Canadians always suspected that Uncle Sam was out to impose a one sided

THE GUARDIAN.

ARLOTTETOWN

PROGRESSING

inpusrauscvr

deal are happily past.

U Summerside haslredson to congratulate it-

self on its 98 per cent tax collections. The tax burden is easier and fairer than if arrears were permitted and the franchise is not restricted by tax delinquency. I I I The Montreal Gazette's cartoonist) John Col- lins portrays Mr. St. Laurent reading the funeral service over the “No Commitments"! foreign pol- icy pursued by Liberal governments these many years. Significantly, there were no mourners. * ‘I 1t A‘

Opportunity seems to be knocking at Georgetown’s harbour mcuth. lf the town does not become a cooling depot it will be in a favos- able position to develop light industries, perhaps based on Sydney's steel. x.

Efforts of as great a concern as the Domin- ion Government to economise are a t to be frustrated at a great many points along the way. A main switch was pulled in Ottawa to con- serve power with the result that floodlights at the Houses of Parliament were not separately switched o.i and burned considerably longer than usual. I I I

Are we entering upon an era of Literature? According to Mr. Will R. Bird, author of several Canadian best-sellers there has never been "a real Canadian novel" because there are no Canadians, just "Nova Scotians and Albertans" and so on. But, adds Mr. Bird, "Canada has ar- rived. All that remains is for the reading public to become aware of Canadian writing."

U l I U

Tests are being carried out in Scotland to find the perfect potato. Most of the potatoes grown in Britain and in many parts of the Com- monwealth are largely Scottish in origin as are a number of varieties cultivated in Europe. Scot- land's seed potato trade is worth between $16 and $20 million a year. The Department of Agri- culture are arranging trials, in the coming sea- son, of new varieties from immunity from dis-

provides tests for resistance to virus, for cropping powers, for keeping qualities, for good shape and for flavour after cooking.

W fi l‘ i

A new revelation about Winston's deter- mination to die in the last ditch rather than surrender has been given by Sir James Bissett, former captain of the S. S. Queen Mary. ln a speech at Launceston, Bissett said he was re- sponsible for the safety of Britain's wartime prime minister on three voyages on the Queen Mary. Always, he said, a special lifeboat crew was standing by to take Churchill should the liner be sunk. ln addition a man stood by with a loaded pistol with orders to shoot Churchill should his capture by the Germans seem immin- ent, Bissett said. ln London, Churchill's secre- tary said Churchill had heard of Bissett’: speech but had "no comment at all."

i i k I

A number of farmers in the Pierceland- area of Saskatchewan about 140 miles northwest of North Battleford, have pooled land and equip- merit to form the Mudie Lake Co-operative. Farm. This is the twelfth co-op farm to be incorporated in Saskatchewan. The men had settled in the area in the early 1930's as individual farmers, but on that basis were unable to purchase ade- quate machinery to clear and work their land, which is mostly hush. By joining together, they obtained a tractor and breaking plough last spring, and, have since broken and re-claimed aver 200 acres. The new co-op is specializing in livestock production, and plans to seed mainly coarse grains and feed craps next spring.

n» o a n-

Jolin Bright, British statesman and orator,

ease and for commercial value. The scheme also-

silo QgiGNISlJ

‘(lt- Btoo“ Friar)“

i}. 01.nov,, .‘._ _- y‘ \

.it’-

5i

l t‘! . ‘we..-

Jil lbs/course

~

i

MacKenzie King And His Singularities

(From an intimate sketch by "H5. Ferns" ln the Canadian Forum)

In the course of his life time Mackenzie King has created a ceremonial etiquette around him- self which envelopes hlm like a protective mantle. It ls reserved for the friends of hla college years — they are now very few - to address hlm by the familiar name of hls youth, Rex. No polit- ical colleague, no clvll servant, no visiting dignltary has ever called King, to hls faoe, Blll, or Willy or Lyon, Depending on his rank. he addressee King as Mr. Prime Minister, Mr. King or King. President Roosevelt, who con- sidered it; the prerogative of every honest man, and plenty of dis- honest. ones, to be addressed by the President. of the United States by his first name, called King Mackenzie. This always seemed to those who know King as comic, the faux pas of a gener- ous fellc-w rendered excusable be- cause he was so llkeable and em- lnent.

o e e o l The etiquette he exacts for him-- sell’ King accords others. l-lls manner of address indicates subtle relationships. Same politicians win fame by remembering names and faces; King 15.! master of de- liberate fortgetifulness. He can dis- arm and insult a man with great effect by forgetting or mlspro- nounclng his frame. When King addresses a man as Mr. X. it, means that the man ls known and that he ls worthy of attention. When the Mister ls dropped, the person achieves a status of equal- ity, or in the case of an under- ling, a recognition o! individuality and modest worth. A secretary has arrived when King drops the Mis- lcr in addressing hlm. With his \"r1l)l.ll['l. colleagues King maintains

his l'f‘.sCl'V9_ Even the greatest ministers c-l the Crown have been movcd to say "Yes sir" to him.

King ln his turn calls them by their surnames. He has made few exceptions.

The slender

DUCK ON

TllE WING We ling the flight of birds; the length of wing. bodies cutting the wrlde air; We slng of grace, height. Of rhyth-rned dignity. But see, A palt- Of ducks rises under I. saffron light. Black against the sun. Here la long reckoning Swlftly undone. Here le a flight. ac graceiese. so free That sagas of conventlonallty Are lost upon a feathered limb whose scant: Uneven gestures wlle The repetition of our smile, And yet miraculously enchant Till we are gay and Jubilant. Grave eagles soar, fleet. swallows

of speed, of

d .

These water creatures fairly skip Across the sky.

Yet. never a ‘flight more full of joy. Artlessly hurrying to convoy

The human heart.

-Ca.t.herlne Haydon Jacobs.

"%¢£'§>00%¢0%0 01d Charlottetown (And P. l. l.)

nswns, ruins s. sucks

The manner in which the House of Assembly proposed to safe- guzu-rl thls Island colony against American revolutionaries is set forth ln the following quotation from War-buttons llisvory:

"Attire session of 1810 tho House reported that. certain pro- visions should be made for defray- lnr: militia expanses, na follows: "The expense of drilling thirteen

‘CF50; FISH prev mo

_—.—-_'TF\© mere/seep EXPolzr

born this date i811; son of a Quaker cotton factory owner and exporter, he joined Cobden in his Anti-Corn Law League in Free Trade agi-

pallllunl llfc. and the

Prince of

The frfllrCillfll colleague of King's Crown the Province of Que-

tation throughout the country which ultimately. succeeded in handicapping Britain as a self-sus-

velopment and supply of World markets

Rule policy, backing Ulster whose

the beating of his wings."

w w w 1r

raining food-producing country, but enabled the factory owners to become millionaires in the de- with Manchester-Sheffield-and-Ulster-made goods. He entered Parliament in 1843 as a famous platform orator. As a Quaker he opposed _all war, and was equally opposed to Gladstone's Irish Home industrial prosperity his awn policy of Free Trade has helped to make: "The angel of Death has been abroad throughout the land; you may almost hear

bee, the late Rt, Hon. Ernest L1- pc-lnte, he always culled Ernest. There alway seemed to be some- thing respectful and ceremonial lu King's manner of applying lllls flame to the hearty old peasant. to mhom it was attached. On one occasion when King had to deal with a rebel in the ranks of his Cabinet he paused for some time before deciding whether to ad- dress the individual as My Dear X or Dear Mr. X, The final de- cislon to address the letter accept- lng the rebets resignation, Dear Mr. X was a sentence of political obllvlon. On other occasions ln dealing with insurgents, a. decis- ion ln favor of My Dear X has meant that there ls still a light

companies of militia at 25.0.0 £65.00.

"For purchasing forty drums and flfes. £50.00.

"For the purchase of one hun- rlred nnd twenty picks £45.00.

, "For contingencies for the militia |s40.o.0." Doubtless other more effective weapons had been contained from Nova. Scatla; for in the preceding year. at the opening or the House on 25th March. 1808.

Lieutenant Governor DesBarres reported that "since the close of the last session, His Excellency. Lieutenant Gover-

Comfort to oil users. The United States- ln the window. "contrary to periodic rumors"—is not running out of oil, a committee ol the American Petro- leum Institute reports. Mr. L. F. McCoIlum, chairman of the committee on long-term petro- leum availability, said the group has found that "substantially increased amounts of _ petroleum from natural sources" will be available in the United States in the next few years. Mr. McCal- lum, in a prepared address at the A.l.P.'s 28th. annual meeting, said that after a study of the United States petroleum resources the commit- tee forecasl this outlook for 1949-53: "By 1933 the availability of natural petroleum produced in the United States is estimated ta reach an upper range of 7,300,000 barrels a day. That fig- ure would be 2,300,000 barrels a day more than actual production in the peak war year of 1945. "And, related to population, the availability for all of i953 would bo equal to almost B00 gallons for each person — about 80 per cent

ners from his own.

pier of the middle class

Church in Ottirrrl -

to establish a reputation Ia ceslonelly

bows to his acquaintances,

hiaher than it was in 1941.",

It is a conrimdnfon. the strength of his personality, a strength very little appreciated by the mass of people, that. King has been able to impose these aristocratic nice- tles "upon a following and an op- position so different in their man-

Although King doee not belong o the baby-kissing school of pol- lclans, his character as an exem- le well known. Few people may know King. but many know that he attends St. Andrew's Presbyterian the old Church of Bcoland. not the new tangled United Church of Oan- ada, no makes no effort, however, a fertng the Prune Minister a oli- Nor ll King a drinking man. Like snast middle clue North Antes-learn of the generation now approaching ola m. he incon-

ohurch-golng men. He attends oc- and he does not ob- trude himself. He says hte prayers, irhekee hands with the minister‘. an

(we home alone — a remoctable

\

A Fine ARRANGE- MENT FOR THE k FISHERMAN. @ stein Powro SToREHouSES - wlu TAKE rsoooo BUSHELS.

or= REJ- Przooucr,

Thle column ls open to the l dlaouealon by cw espondente of , “ of interest. The Guardian doca not neeemr- liy endorse the opinion of correspondents.

%00%00~}0

DOMINION-PROVINCIAL RELATIONS

Sir, — Mr. Drew, the Progres- sive Conservative leader has con- cluded his tour of the M-arltilnes and ls now back ln Ontario. I-le says that he ls well satisfied with the enthusiasm displayed and considers the outlook practising. There are two questions he has discussed at most. l! not, at. all hie meetings. They axe the con- stitution and Dominion-Provincial relations. His claim ls than. the present. agreements under which the Provinces receive greatly ln- creased subsidies from the Do- minion will eventually lead to centralized power at. Ottawa and disrupt the Confederation pact. and bring other divers evils. In fact his whole argument is that. the presents Liberal Government ls pursuing a dangerous course which will eventually lead to an author- itarian state; therefore he states that. he is going to scrap these agreements with the seven prov- lnces under which the latter re- ceive millions of dollars and he will call another Decathlon-Prov- lnclal Conference.

At. one or his meetings he coon- mended what he calls "a national adjustment fund" which he arg- ued for at. the lust. conference and which he states was recommended in the Rnwcll-Slrols report. The establishing of such a fund was not. acceptable to certain Provin- cos. Evan Mr. Duplessis got weary listening to the argument and told Lhe conference, "I'm going home" and he went. home and the conference came to an end. The Federal Government. had a more excellent method than an adjust- ment fund and accordingly en- tered lnrto separate agreements with seven of the Provinces and in addition are giving other grants for various purposes.

Mr. Drew made a prepared statement on the some subject which he published ln Montreal and which was published ln your paper. Your editorial comment. was that, "Mr. Drew has spoken with commendable candor and sincer- ity“ but It cannot truhfully be said that. he spoke with clarity and in a way that was easily un- dersbandable. His abatement. was

he had no weatlng puelone. The same may be llld of King. In the honored tradition of the old-feeb- loned Protestant middle class he husbands hie money, husbands hls energy and works hard. Attention to hie desk work fr, in fact, some- thing of a fetish, en assurance to himself and to the public that. he la doing the bolt possible lob ln the beet possible way. l-Ie doee not moire, and he does not like peo- ple arouna who do. A p. , “

legs during an interview and of- erdttb.

soloue of the "drink

secretary once finished hie career before lrxtlrted by crossing his

nor Sir George Provost, has. in ‘me 9' ma“? Wm‘ clearly mum!‘

consequence of my representations. 9d l'° be!” u“ “we-

ordered an additional lupply of Th‘! l‘ 3 “m” lmpurwnli mil‘ 5ND

ordnance. arms. and ammunition t" l0 u" Mirlkhle Prlivlncel-