. .-.I. ”. mt sgzfi

- ..a.:u.n...--

)

J

1' Final'Sui'ren,cIer Of

.e-.s

enrolled. It would assist In financing basic" foundation programs in all Provinces, I leaving the wealthier Provinces with re- serves to provide additional desirable school facilities and offerings above foun- dation levels. Equalization grants would

-3

. , Medically Speaking , Herman N. asassua. Iu). ciuuvouvo aasvunnr aulv

THE GUARDIAN

Pubinanodwury -4aymnnintatl.IPrineaItrsot.&nr loitntown. P. by The Thomas Company Limitnd

"Covers Prince llward Inland Lite the Dew"

Editor. Frank Walker Gonsral Innate . Inn A. numut

r t

:iPride - ii"

wool I:.i..

I I l

lf,Il,'l'llIII.

lrmi :.tlaesI n alii:nm.e!r:idsIs,. oap:d AiDi:r-ton. sum not "equalize" provincial expenditures but . was coivsrna-non ii the words a man must frs- he had once dispised but: now Second as may" co pusmenh they would ensure an equally good founda- smegma . am,” am, ,: wk? m:MgI all ehavglfgrtm :Lg5hm::hC;arlufet;v:;- &Iufe;ng:?m;:5-rwn6.lnn:;m& tion program in all Provinces. This is still :i::y,'llw""'”"5huP.m: nl';'f'm”"".g' an actor. there is something of great will of our Lord Jesus” Christ, our am... a moot. question. Only by. a pooling of p nu, doc," I” N M, N,” on lmuut.a-aoehyln':.hP::lut&m ma:-h w:; gpzltu-;dI'h:ltIhmbf:: an. .. - . mm." . "um um provincial opinion could a satisfactory level "lilic:,:”' and um Wm ta-ins as "boasting" and "girl-y". world." 1

"I0 Walk"! Ink-” of foundation pro rammes be determined. ' folio been the oIr- "Pill" "9 I1 ll IFIJWW 5'' NW "FW PWIIIIWU of achieve-

g 'c'u"f:,.:;u mfg ";.',,,, uwin a Hellenistic environment, he men: opened before hiin.,,Hg

FEIDAY APRIL 1 1,55 The report covers many other phases mum be enurel;lnIdmu..nt gm MOI Fl'& II HI dM&IIt. III "IO WI-Nlld MIKE hill "10 liencefor ,3

of the school financing. It recommends. "K," H, mm” nu, history of his ii-onto. and In the thank-oiferlns tor the mercy he,

among other things that the minimum Your 500"? mm" '"”"l " pmmnd lmmu mind "' Md- "cd"d' '” "mud :”"""

The Openin .Month ' . -, a by you, mm, min"; on them in the purposes of God. In with all men the wonder gang

. 9 standard of certification for teachers be doe. not "n u . haw. um "nan, gomour iomed No; what had trans-

- , ' , only softens hm!!! 93507 ' from rsecuto i.

And so we have come to the month:tw0, years if teacher educatlon beyond and lubricate: the only of citizen-rlshtl. and in ad- to apostle. It is easiicto ...,,'-..,.','. which the poet says "open wide thelsenior matriculation, and that no person mm. to prom, go, .. gu,-ditlsn he inherited from his pride did not die at once; iaaura

. . . ,. u , rials of the S rin ti) welcome the ro be given 8 professional certificate unless ducghuningf wui ally find that e'in'i'.'ii.'ii's.ii"'n'.'e'.i'u'iiic'i.'?c'a-"lentil: ileiiiiuzaiaiigwumn gliiim tlzmma. 5:55.10" of the ngwefs .. It Wm be a lane and until he attains that standard; that onle or tvvyd)uspoonfuu5ls are enough. proudest of all words: Civia again, apeci.li'iy" when tal:gelire',t'v:Ii-2 ' . , . ' large school units be the basis for school Give them tohim at bedtime. Rnmanus rum. those who called in question his while yet, in this part of the world, be- . . . g . A, M 9..., u, mmhood, 1,. u. status and sought to win his-fol. tore the ion eta under WE in fun administration, that the numerous grants Never Force Baby new mm”, ,0 an mm (Mon, Flow”, mm mm. W" he mu an procem g y .

. . . now available to schools be replaced by pom however, give the baby "NM 01 I-he -TOWN! wmmllnlbl "1"" 0! P3”? Ind the rent? Had glory, but the preliminaries already are In one basic equalization grant which added my mike”! on n he 1. cm”. In "d and, it u, tug go uni he not seen the Lord? Was not course of preparation. Soon the tiny cro- ' gct,m?lV1Iterbrfor's-:1; mu? :3 wt hilt: ttI;3;”SoM:tIl'l11c: 1;; in the II: p:n::15l:&& I.t.t::rti-3 lfigr tiIt::3(r:I;

e ea M14590 .

cus, that first harbinger of all the hosts of Spring, will be among us. testifying that life is good and, to those who seek it. there is enchantment all around. And the hyacinths. They do not stay long; but ,who can gauge the measure of their usefulness to a sad and troubled world? "If I had but two loaves of bread," ex- claimed one of the sacred writers of Is- lam, "I would sell one and buy hyacinths, for they would feed my soul." His econ- omics may be a bit difficult to follow: but no one who knows hyacinths will quarrel with the sentiment.

April, true to its name, is the month of opening. The earth itself opens to re- ceive the merciful rains and warmth that rescue-it from winter's chill. The trees, though for a season "stricken to the heart," once again prepare to put on replenished finery. The woods, never quite silent even in the midst of winter, will now open wide their doors to the winged choirs, which, at morning, at noontide, and at evening, will sing their well known songs of praise and gratitude. Deep within unfamiliar places wild flowers are getting ready to distribute their sweetness on the desert air. (It will not be wasted: the poet was wrong about that). Some time before the month is over-perhaps a bit earlier than usual, perhaps a bit later; it doesn't really matter-new buds, "the greatest wonder of creation", as some one has cal-

, led them, will open in the orchards and

the forests: and, onceiagain, new life will be arising in splendour on the almost for- gotten ruins of the old. Yes, there is no mistake about it: there is an air of renas- eenoe abroad in the land.

Federal Aid Recommended

A strong case for greatly increased

federal grants to the provinces in aid of education. on a "general" and not "special" basis, is made in a comprehensive work entitled "School Finance in Canada" which has been prepared by a research commit- tee of the Canadian School Trustees As- sociation. Specifically, the report recom- mends that to assist in financing element- ary and secondary education the Federal Government be requested to give annual aid to the extent of S150 million at the present time. one-third of this aid to be on a per pupil basis, and two-thirds as

iaxpaying ability, the latter payments to be proportional to provincial needs.

The complexity of our present. econ- omic society, the report. emphasizes, is such that "only the Federal Government can tax wealth wherever found to pay for educational services where needed." Moreover. much of the cost of the local school is due to national requirements. As for infringing on provincial status, it is

I0 pointed out that over the years before

1953 the Federal Government gave about 3100 million dollars to encourage and aid agricultural and vocational education. The Association survey showed that two types of Federal grants to education would enable all Provinces to prescribe foundation programs of education that would adequately meet their needs. A "per pupil” grant would broaden the tax ,base and assist each Province in providing the increased staff and the large number of new buildings that will be required to house the additional 1.700.000 pupils to be enrolled by 1965-66. increased pro- vincial grants to municipalities would partially meet needs here but some Prov- inces would have difficulty giving enough assistance. "The responsibility-of providing a foundation program." says the report, "is one that should be borne not :only in the main by those who contri- ibute most to provincial revenues but by all. Riucatlon is a general social service: it merits the broadest possible type Of 89"- bral support." . An "equalization grant" eupplementari'

' so mg "per pupil" grant would enable less

itiiyf Provinces to raise the level of foundation programavto an accept- The "per pupil" sr-nt

equalization grants to Provinces with low,

to the revenue from a uniform tax rate applied to the equalized assessment of a district. is sufficient to finance operation of the still undetermined basic founda- tion program; also that the Provincial ital education expenditures. The report, 131.00-per copy from the secretary. C. S. T. A., School Finance Research Commit- tee, College of Education, University of Saskatchewan. It would repay detailed study by our Provincial Education De- partment, Teachers Federation, Home and School Associations, and all concerned in this great national problem.

EDITORIAL NOTES

Graham declared he saw no harm in going to a mountainside for prayer and medita- tion. "It's an excellent place to pray," he said. He might have added that there is plenty of scriptural authority for the prac- tice.

I

Whatever people in general may think of the Senate, at least one member of the chamber believes it is important enough to warrant official governmental attention. This, at any rate, seems to be the thought behind Senator Euler's bill to compel the government to fill vacancies not later than six months after they occur.

It appears that Mr. Aneurln Bevan did apologize to Party leader Mr. Attlee after all. He did it a little reluctantly per- haps; but it is surprising what a plain "I'm sorry" can do to smooth over political differences, especially when there's a gen- eral electlon in the offing, thus making party solidarity a matter of first import- ance.

President Donald Gordon of the C. N. R. is reported to have told a parliamentary committee that "if a coal burning turbine locomotive can be produced .it will beat the pants off the diesel". The thought behind the statement may be perfectly in order; but isnit the colloquial language a little out of place in such dignified sur- roundings?

President Eisenhower says he does not ,expect any Chinese Communist attack on Nationalist-held Matsu and Quemoy. Ad- miral Carney, chief of naval operations, on the other hand, believes that an attack may come within a couple of weeks. Both men are experts in strategy. For the sake of world peace, the general hope will be that in this Instance the President will prove himself to be the more discerning of the two in the art- of predicting the likely course of events. -

According to news dispatches from various American sources there isra good deal of conflict going on at the present timeewhen most of the State legislatures are In session-over the controversial "right to work" proposals. Since this matter comes under State, and not Fed- eral, 'jurisdiction, the legislatures are find- ing themselves in the centre of the storm. Already about half of the 48 States have passed the legislation or are In varying stages of doing so. Thus far only two States have rejected it outright; but a number of others are reported to be treat- ing it with coolness.

In the United States. the Izaak Wal-

soil. woods, waters and wildlife," have proposed, as a plan for eventually elim- inating farm price supports, that the gov- ernment tirke 60,000,000 acres of land out of cultivation. This would. it is believed,

bring farm production Into line with con- sumer demand. It would include 12,000,- 000 acres in the "Dust Bowl" in the south- west, and the whole project would cost the Federal government S-150,000,000 annually. The proposal has some similarity to the "Soil Bank" proposed by the American hi-in Bureau I-'ede,ra,tion.x

Governments increase their grants for oap- T

which runs to 225 pages, is obtainable at E,

In answer to critics, Evangelist Billyi

ton League consisting of "defenders of "

,,..se:;:l

A D.iiiereni.Answer To:

"Whi And Quebec Thai We Haven't

The New Criminal Code

By Bernard Dufresne

A new Canadian Criminal Code, result of more than five years' study, comes into effect April 1.

The new code replaces a hodge- podge of criminal law that was first enacted in 1892 and to which section after section was added at almost every parliamentary ses- sion since then.

When the massive revision started in 1949, there were more than 1.100 sections. many couched in obscure, archaic and ” language. Some sections were rep- etitious or duplicated provisions in other statutes.

All that, parliamentarians and lawyers believe, has been elimin- ated. The new code's 750 sections is simpler than the old and worded in clearer language.

It probably never will make the best-seller lists, but the layman can understand it.

Two royal commissions. both headed by Chief Justice W. M. Martin of Saskatchewan, worked at the revision before turning in their draft code to Parliament for further changes.

- The first commission in 1949 laid down some general principles that should be followed in the new code. The second, appointed in 1951, pre- pared a draft code and a report which was handed to Justice Min- ister Garson in January, 1952.

A Senate committee headed by Senator Salter Hayden (L - On- ,tarlo) studied the code clause-by- ;clause but Parliament adjourned before it could make its report.

Justice department officials fur- ther reviewed the draft code dur- ing the summer of 1952 in the light of the Senate committee's study and when Parliament reassembled in November the draft again was studied by the Senate.

SENT TO COMMONS

The code was approved by the upper chamber and sent to the Commons in January. 1953. where it was given detai1ed'study by a committee headed by Don Brown ll,-Essex West). a lawyer.

Pmliament proroguedl before the bill could go through the Commons. However. it was re-introduced in January. 1954, and was finally adopted last June.

Thloughnut these various stages of study. some sections were changed and counter-changed. There were more than 250 amend- ments to the draft code.

For ,example. it took three amendments to provide appeals in cases of contempt of court.

The first change was made in the Senate where Senator A. W. Roebuck (L-Ontario). former at- torney-general of Ontario. moved an amendment providing for ap- peals against conviction and sen- tence when the contempt was com- mltted outside the court..and ap- gpeals against the sentence alone when the contempt was committed in court.

This was a radical departure from established law. Convictions and sentences for contempt of court could not be appealed under the old code. i

The Commons amended this Sen- ate change by providing an appeal against conviction and punishment, whether or not the contempt was committed In the face of the court, but only with leave of the court of appeal or a judge of that court.

When the code was returned to the Senate last spring. the upper house killed the Commons change and ieinstated its own original ap- peal ya ' ion. That is where mat- ters now stand.

DIVIDED IN GROUPS

A' major policy in the new code is the division of maximum sen- tences into these groups: Death. is imprisonment, 14 years, 10 years, five years and two years. indictable offences are grouped under the sentences, depending in the seriousness of the crlrne.

sentences provided in the old code followed an apparent pattern mt-f pi-inc:ipliet."'i'liey varied far every o ence. no attempt group crimes. depending on the serious- nese. under any on penalty. Another big change is that there are no minimum sentences fixed gr law. exgt for dI'Ill::: driv-

l- MIDI GIVIIII till! sin the mafia. . nmmary convictions provide penalties of six months in Jail and- or A 3500 has for minor tried in-"ire judge alone.

Despite all the work so far, re-

Canadian Press staff Writer

vision of the Criminal Code still is not ended.

A Joint Commons-Senate commit tee is expected to report later this session on whether the code's sec- tion an capital and corporal pun- ishment and lotteries should be amended. The committee, headed jointly by Senator Hayden and Mr. Brown, was set up last session and again this year.

The big questions before the 27- member committee is whether to abolish or retain hanging and flog- ging and whether to restrict or widen the laws on games of chance.

Meanwhile, two royal commis- sions, headed by Chief Justice J. C. Mclluer of the Supreme Court of Ontario, are studying whether the code's sections on the defence of insanity and criminal sexual psy- chopaths should be amended.

Builders At Work

(Sydney Post-Record)

Charlottetown has the jump on Sydney in the construction of a new Federal Building. A four-col- unin picture in The Guardian shows the steel framework having at- tained the second floor one month after structural steel workers put the first column into position. Since then more than H) columns have been erected, completing the first floor from the base. The next

tstandlng move will be the pine- ing of the floor slabs on the sec- ond floor in preparation for the concrete pouring. Thirty steel workers were reported on t.he-Fed- eral Building job in the Prince Edward Island capital city. along with M carpenters and M labor- ers.

Sydney has a feeling of anticipa- tion in this report which gives us an approximate idea of what to expect when work begins on the construction of the Federal Bulld- lng to arise here at the northeast corner of Charlotte and Dorcheater streets. Charlottetown is ahead of us, but surveyors already have been running their lines on the pro- perty where will arise the struc- ture to provide a new Post Office as well as quarters for all other Dominion services. There is a measure of satisfaction too in the fact that work beginning in Sept- ember will provide employment in Sydney during a period of the year when employment for con- struction workers often has been slack in the past.

More People: More (Winnipeg Free Press.)

The speech made in Winni- peg by Mr. J. A. Calder, presi- dent of the Canadian Manufac- turers' Association, should be re- quired reading for Canada's im- migration Minister and his of- flciaia.

it is Mr. Calder”: contention that Canadians, no matter how hard they work. cannot hope to match the living standards of the people of the United States until there are many more

Canadians: and therefore we urgently need more :- tion.

This is far from the policy now being followed by the

H a v e Ontario Got?"

me has

caiimiiiaaiv Lapis-blue, shifting to cobalt, to indigo; sun-glitter on waves and on salt drying on coral;

clack of palinettos in a hot wind,

clack of crab claws, the enormous gray land crabs

ludicrously suggestive of the gray weathering armor

of Balboa. Cortex. de Leon . . .

Macaws explode in a chatter of saffron and ceruiean blue

over the scarlet flamboyant trees,

cerlse hibiscus, plum-red of bou- galnvlllaea.

and the gold fire of mangoes burns in the leaves;

it is as if Van Gogh had laid on

oils With a palette knife, lavish with

tones

but intensely meticulous in effect,

Intense effect: sun-shimmer, blue air, salvol of color.

-Frederick Ehright in Christian Science Monitor.

lullll. which could cause a ser- ious case of pneumonia.

down on the amount of Stop the doses entirely when he is regular once again.

The idea that you Ihould slve

l your baby a laxative Just. to clean i him out once in a while is old-

fashloned. Don't do it. And don't givelnxativeslfhehnsapaiiiln his abdomen or if his abdomen is

- tender.

Your doctor might also advise giving the baby an enema or rup- poaltory.

If you give him an enema. use either plain water or water con- ” i a small amount of salt. To prepare the mixture. use one level teaspooiifui of table salt to I pint of lukewarm water.

For a baby under six months of age, half a glassful k enough. one glnssful can be used for an older baby.

Should your doctor suggest a suppository, you can purchase in- fant glycerin suppositories at any drug store. If it's late at night, or II there is any other reason you can't buy one when needed, you can use a greased syringe nozzle. or you can make a suppository from a bar of soap.

Use Mild soap

To make one, take a used cake of mild soap. like castlie. and cut off a piece two inches long. Used soap is less likely to break when you begin whittling. Cut it down until it is about one-fourth of an inch across. That's about the size of your baby's little finger. Make one and narrower than the other. and round it off until It is per- fectly smooth.

Placo the small and of the sup- pository about two-thirds of its length into the baby's rectum. Hold on to the other end. of course. If this doesn't stimulate bowel action within five minutes. ro-

is small and the natural increase is therefore slow - in absolute nurnbe. a quick Increase can come only from vigorous lin- migration.

Every immigrant the demand for goods; and the demand created by an immi- grant and his family soon more than counterbnlsnces for jobs that the immigrant himself may create.

There is, therefore. no logic in the arguments of those who would limit the number of immigrants to the number of jobs which happen to be open and available at any one time.

A bigger economy. based on more people, is necessary for stabllity and prosperity, and an energetic immigration poli- cy ti: necessary if this country

mi else. maybe an enema. QUESTION AND ANSWER

M. R. I: What causes burning of the rectum after having a bowel movement?