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PAGE 4 FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 5, 1958.

Petitions In NFLD

There is one practice in the New- foundland Legislature which is not ~ followed in any of the other Provin-

cial Assemblies, as far as we know. Certainly, it is not followed in our own legislature. Here, when a com- munity or organization wants the Government to undertake a certain project( the custom is to have a re- ' presentative committee of citizens appear before the Executive Coun- cil and state their case. Not so in Newfoundland. There, the petition is présente'd to the Legislature by the representative of the district. Members of both parties are then given the opportunity to discuss its meritsT—or its weaknemes, as the case may be. The discussion over, the petition is left with Mr. Speaker.

Looking over 1 recent list of peti- tions, we noted one asking for a relocation of the inhabitants of a

. small community to a larger one, the Governinent to pay the expense; another for a road to connect with the Trans-Canada Highway; and, another praying that a polluted well be cleaned up, thus making it a, source of fresh water for a group of villagers. .

' A part'of 'é’ach day is set aside for the presenting of petitions and ensuing discussion. It may be no more serviceable than taking up re-

I" quests with the responsible depart-

mental head. But there is a dramatic

‘ aspect which is lacking in the other

procedure; and 'it probably pleases

the petitioner: to know that their

V , grievances are aired in full-dress de-

’ bate, whether their petitions be

granted or not. -

Beet Production

Speaking at the opening of the .Nova Scotia Exhibition in Truro, Federal Agriculture Minister Hark- ness stated that the provincial "farm economy could be greatly improved. by an expansion of the live-stock industry. He estimated that an extra $15 million annually would be, added to farmers’ “incomes if they eould supply the available market for 50,000 head of cattle and 200,000 hogs. , . -

n

I What applies to Nova Scotia

applies \equally—éor perhaps to a

greater extent on a per capita basis , a—.—to this Province. It been estab-

lished that beef cattle 'of very high

quality, equal to the best in Canada,

can be raised here. Yet, strangely,

the Maritime area does not raise

enough beef or pork or any other

meat product to, look after its do-

mestic requirements—and that by a

, large margin. We are told that even

if the Newfoundland market, so close

1 to other Maritime areas, has to look farther afield for a good deal of its needs. Practically all the salt. beef, used extensively in Newfound- land, is of American cure.

In this Province, particularly, dairyng has been developed exten- sively in the past several years. But beef production, so far as we are able to learn, is making very slow improvement, if any. Why should » this _be when a market is available Tet our doors?

Save His' Life»

It is’surprising, although perhaps It should not be, to find a child safety official warning against over-protec- tion _of school children from traffic. I, The reasoning of Dr. Fred W. Jef- EA frey, chairman 'of the committee on I child safety of the Ontario Medical

Los» Angeles study, if \children are overly protected from traffic hazards at school, that would make them less safety conscious in areas where there was no protection from traffic.

The finding indicates that more traffic controls may not produce a further reduction in urban accidents. The picture would be that of areas made safe and therefore with fewer accidents but with larger numbers of accidents outside the special areas.

That Dr. Jeffery is not himself con- vinced by the argument is shown by his further proposals for diverting traffic from local streets to through srteries; and laying out residential

, the

Association, is that, as shown by a '

streets with shorter runs and T-in- tersections.

The difficulty is a familiar one in human experience. Men in all ages have recognized the truth behind Homer’s tale of Scylla and Charybdis, those monsterous rocks which threat- ened on either hand. In fact the Greeks built it into a philosophy of life to always avoid extremes and seek the golden mean.

In the matter of simple survival the question comes up again and again whether it is better to be pre- pared for emergencies or to make a. point of avoiding them. As usual there is no simple answer. Either approach can lead to disaster. Only by achieving a reasonable balance be- tween traffic sense and safety mea- sures can a measure of safety be at- tained.

'A Difficult Position

A Harvard University professor —a psychologist—has b e r a t e d Church leaders at Little Rock, Ar- kansas, for not coming out boldly in favour of racial integration in the schools. _

There is, no doubt, some theore- tical justification'for the criticism. While it is probably true to say that most—but not all—of the ministers in Arkansas and, indeed, all over the South are personally opposed to segregation, very few of them have taken a stand in favour [of the Sup- reme Court ruling and against the lawlessness of Governor Faubus and,

other Southern politicians. In fair-

ness, however, it must be said that their 'positipn is a very difficult one, since most of the churches, too, are segregated.

It is all very‘ well for a psycho-

- 'logist, living within the sheltered

walls of an~ Eastern university, to talk about principles, constitutional freedoms and the eduality of all men under ,the law. For the men who are on the spot, who have to livein a society deeply-rooted in the philosophy of racial discrinfination, it is a different matter. Probably,

indeed almost certainly, not one-

tenth of the people who make up

, ’the average {Southern congregation

are actually in favour of integra- tion. The minister who wants to stay on friendly, pastoral relations with his people has to be more than, courageous to stand in his pulpit and dendunce such a strongly established custom Some—a few—have done so, at the cost of virtual alienation from their parishioners Not many are pre—

. pared to ’pay such a heavy price.

Then, too, there is something to be said forforbearance and pntlence, otherChristian virtues. ‘Who is to say which minister isvbehaving the more Wisely—the one who denounces segregation Sunday after Sunday— provided he has any congregation to listen to his denunciations; he wouldn’t. after one or two outbursts .——Or the one who goes about the difficult task in a more personal way? Certainly, no one at a safe distance from the strife can rightly claim the right to throw a stone of condemnation at, those who are in the thick of it. ' -

EDITORIAL NOTES

A Montreal museum director has accused younger abstract artists of “sin of fashionable banality” Why pick on the younger ones ?

o o e

This has been a good year for tourists in Britain. Up to‘the end of June, 498,000 had entered the country—8 per cent more than in the same period of 1957.

O O. i

There are really only 44 “States” (45, countng Alaska) in the United States. Kentucky, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania and Virginia are offi- cially known as ,“Commonwealths”.

at: an a

“If you weigh love and military duty in the scales”, observes a So- viet Army newspaper, “here is only one solution, military duty is the most important”. That may be good advice, but it is poor grammar;

e o e _

.A Czechoslovakia pensioner has been sentenced'to, 20 years in prison for manufacturing soap, thus run- ning an “illegal private enterprise”. Evidently, the Communist Govern» ment is not allowing its supporters to take soft soap from anybody who doesn’t follow the party line.

i It #

The Federation of Malaya has found a new way to make Commu- nist rebels surrender. The Govern- ment simply makes it worth their While financially. More than $165,000 have been paid out for this purpose since last April, according to a re- port from Kuala Lumpur.

OIL ON TROUBLED WATERS ,

OTTAWA REPORT

.. so

055. b

0/470— "54>

at)"

Government Needs Brains

By Patrick

N icholson-

Special Correspondent For The Guardian

When Prime Minister John Die- fen-baker. unuonuced b0 Parli- meut his proposal ofaids to wes- tern grain growers, Opposition Leader Lester Pearson followed him with a concise and compre- hensive ten - minute comment which was as brilliant as it was extemporaueous.

Even with considered prepara- tion, it would be hard to improve upon his review of the economic

,PUBLIC FORUM

This column is open to the discus-

sion by correspondent: of question of

interest. The Guardian does not neses-

sarin endorse the opinion (I cones pondents.

ROCKY POINT FERRY

Sin—A few days ago aIrticles appeared in both the daily papers regarding the boat service be; tween Charlottetown and Rocky Point It: is stated that owing to the indisposiltions suffered by the Captains, that the service has been dislocated, and resumption is indefinite. ,

This service as a matter of fact has been indefinite and un- satisfactory for years, and this condition has not been caused by the illness of my officer of the boat, but rather by the neglect of the needs of the people particu- ary in the Rocky Point section.

Now according to despatches it is the. intention to abandon the service completely, possibly this fall, or next year when the pro- jected road from the New cause- way to Rocky Point has been completed.

It is fortunate indeed that due to grants coming through from the Diefeubaker Government, and the influence of some parties, not in Provincial Government ac- tivities or favor, that a system of roadways is now to be esta- blished south of the West River. It does seem strange of course that this area is now receiving such particular attention after the complete neglect of years and the eXplanation of course is well known to all.

But a paved road from the causeway to Rocky Point and ad- jacent areas, is by no means go- ing to solve the problem.

It is~expected that a new Na- tional Park and Historic Site will be undertaken at the mouth of the Harbour. This area will be- cr be one of the most popular in the province. It will be partic- ularly valuable to thousands of people, men, women and children in Charlottetown.

It will be the nearest and saf- est and practically the only lo- cation near the city to which whole family groups may spend their week ends and an extend— ed we ~kend vacation. These thou-' sands have no cars they are the w rkiug people, and it is suggest- ed they reach this area, via the causeway where pavement goes in a distance of about ‘21 miles Surely a long walk.

The cost of this ferry is stated to be up to 9545.000. What of it. Is not the establishment of this Health and Recreation Center to which thousands of citizens may be accommodated of prime importance. How much money is being expended in picnic grounds and other accommodations for tourists, who have cars. Why not some consideration for those not so privileged.

What too, about the people on the Rocky Poznt side, certainly the. causeway has not materially shortened the distance to Chat— lottetown and there are many residents of this area without c-rs. It has cut off only about 4 miles, so it is stated if this boat service is abandoned it will constitute a great disservice to the people of both Charlottetown and Rocky Point, and will just be another proof of an unfortun- ate undertaking at the New Do- minion Meadowbank shores.

It is to be sincerely trusted. that the Boat Service may re- ceive favorable consideration from leaders in both political par- ties, and be maintained in the in’n‘ests of both rural and urban citizens.

I am. Sir. etc. PRO BONE PUBLICO

and national principles which should form the background to such a programme. Yet ML Pearson son made his remarks off the cuff.

Action of this kind, which as; sists one element of our produc- ers, should be kept in equitable balance with'the other primary producers in the country, he ur- ged. There should be a sound loug‘range principle behind any such step.

Without being as harsh as to say that this was a single step of expediency, not related to the economy of the country as a whole, Mr. Pearson appeared to be inspired by an underlying doubt which must disturb many Canadians,,who ponder about our future.

- “Where are we going and why?

Has our government draWn up a long-range plan for Canada’s fu- ture development, Ifo rthe mauag merit of our ‘cmu‘eucy, for expand- ing our trade, for coordinating our incomes? Of course not, it has not had time. The Diefen- baker Government has only been in power fourteen months. The preceding Liberal Government was in power fourteen months. The preceding Liberal Goverment was in power for twenty-two years and even in that time it never got around to this basic task. -

Most of our present economic problems are caused'by the to- tal lack of any study of where we are today and what possible course we might follow in the years ahead, either under ideal conditions or under foreseeable emergencies. To have such plans, detailed and ready in a neat lit. tle row of filing cabinets, a gov- ernment first needs studies of Canada and of thelworld back— ground with forecasts.

300 WISE MEN

That would call for a contin- uing study by experienced and brilliant men from many fields. Such wise men are not found in the civil service, partly be- cause they must work under con- ditious of practical competition to develop their wisdom, experience

and adaptalblity; partly because] in many respects inexperienced

the higher rewards of private en~

\

terpruse. ' attract them away from the easy bureaucratic life.

To place the unmatched and desirable abilities of these ideal, wise men at the service of the state and of their fellow-citizens, some entirely novel approach is needed. No present formula would acheve the result. A royal com- mi-ssiou, for example, is too lim- ited inscolpe and tooshort in duration to do this task. ALL-PARTY DONATIONS

One possibility would be to call out the patrotislm of employers. Many a company engaged in pri- vate enterprise makes profits of many millions of dollars a year, which it would not make under the worst conditions, but which it might double under the best conditions. Yet every such pri- vate company plays ostrich to public affairs—except once ev- ery four years when the fund- raisers of political parties ask for campaign contributions;

Why should not the govern- ment; between election years; ask such. companies to contribute not cash but service? For a period of two or three years, they would contribute, at no cost to the coun- try, the full time services on loan of a senior executive, or brilliant scientist, at other specialism

Thus could the brains and ex- perience of commence the put at the service ‘of the state. Thus: could the state enjoy the advan- tages now restricted to those who market soup, and other articles.

Such men all together would form a huge study group, to de- fine and constaqu revise the condition andrfuture potentialities of our country. Over the years, theresultant improvement in our economic conditions would yield enhanced profits which w o uld amply repay the patriotic em— ployers. ‘

The time is past when the free world can afford the luxury of amateur dabbling. Our politicians must have expert information and advice, the best available. Help- ed by that advice, our politicians could best perform their appoin- ted task of devising our national policies; and our civil servants could then best perform their ap- pointed task of those policies.

We should be under no delusion today that our politicians can any longer operate by crystal ball, or even by such ivory tow- er advice as our admirable but

bureaucrats are able to tender.

Cruise Of The New Beagle ,

By Alvin Steinkofn. Associated Press

From London, half a. dozen men are getting set for something rare in the austere world of sci- ence—a sentimental journey into the past.

They plan to retrace important sections of the historic trail Charles Darwin covered 125 years ago during his five-year, round- the ~ would voyage on the ship Beagle. The cruise gave him much of the material for his monumental work on evolution,

The Origin of Species, 11 book .

which advanced the theories of natural selection and survival of the fittest.

The sixman expedition will be headed by Dr. Martin Holdgate, a 27-year-old British zoologist. He leaves next week for Santiago, Chile, where he will join other members of the group who hail from New Zealand and Chile. WILL EXPLORE ISLANDS

The expedition will poke among thousands of little known islands off southern Chile, many of which were visited by Darwin. And the scientists hope to gather data en— abling them to expand some of the great naturalists concepts.

The expedition is sponsored by the Royal Society of Britain, fore- most scientific organization in the country, and the Royal Society of New Zealand. Co-operating with them are ‘lhe University oi Chile, and the Chilean Navy, which will provide ships to take the expedi- tion to remote, uninhabited spots among the islands.

“Possibly we’d spot something that e s c a p e d Darwin‘s sharp eyes,” said Holdgate. ‘That may be too much to hope for, but our approach will be somewhat dif-

ferent from his. He was con- . bogs, and perhaps throw some

cerned with the spread of species. HOW DID RACE SPREAD?

“Why should there be similar creatures at the tip of South America, and in New Zealand and Tasmania? How did they‘ make the big jump? Over a bridge of land which may have existed long ago? Over Ants — tica when it was a warm conti- nent? Or did they ride on} a log carried along by ocean cur- rents?”

The team, including geologists Juan Karzulovlic and Juan Ya- vena of the University of Chile, will make geological, botanical and zoological studies.

Holdigate believes the botanist of the expedition, Dr. Eric God- ley of the New Zealand depart- ment of scientific and industrial research, has the best prospects of turning up some scientific ex- citement.

‘Dr. Godley hopes to find some very old pollen, possibly of plants which no longer exist,” said Hold— gate.

SECRETS IN BOGS‘

“The southern end of Chile has some very old and deep peat bogs, and peat bogs abound with clues to scientific mysteries. A granule of pollen is a very dur— able obj-ect, even resisting the corrosive powers of mild acids.

“There is pollen at the very bottom of some bogs, and some of it is of plants which no longer grow in Chile. It can be identi- fied. So there is a botanical his- tory of the land concPPIerI in the muck of the bogs, and if we are wise enough we should be to read it. The geologists should help us estimate the age of the

New Drugs In Great Variety -

By Herman N. Bundsen, M. D.

OUR REGULAR monthly re— view of medical advances this month concerns new drugs de- signed to help persons eat an d digest a. greater variety of foods, get rid of coughs and combat tuberculosis.

There also is a new shampoo which eliminates head lice. INSUFFICIENT BILE ProBilagol is the liquid com— pound aimed at helping from 1,000,000 to 3,000,000 p e r s o u 5 who have difficulty eating and digesting fats, eggs, chocolate and similar food-s because they suffer from an insufficient flow of bile from the gall bladder. Certain investigators say the drug not only aids the digestion of these foods, it also allows the body’ to absorb vitamin B—12 and the fat - soluble vitamins more efficiently. .

I’d like to explain that bile is a body fluid which is produced by the liver and stored in the gall bladder. It is essential m breaking down fats and aids in absorption of fats and fat - solub- le vitamins and vitamins of the B group.