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Wilhelm. Sheri-2min Effie: Revealing Figures

Accnrding to figures quoted in j the Financial Post. Ontario, which -has the highest per capita income in Canada. also has the highest per capita Consumption of cigarets. The Atlantic Provinces, which have the lowest per capita income in Can- ada. have the lowest per capita con— sumption of cigarets. British Co- lumbia. with the second highest per 3 capita inCnme. also has the second highest per capita cigaret consump- tion. The same parallel holds with regard to the Prairies and Quebec. the two sets of figures—earnings and burnings—running hand in hand.

But which. asks The Post in perplexity. led to which? “Do On- tario people smoke more because they have more money? Or do they have more money because they smoke more—generating nervous energy and all that?" The truth. it suggests. may hp that they are caught in a familiar circle. “buyr ing more cigarets to relieve the tension caused by making more 'money to buy more cigarets to re. lieve the tension caused by worry- ing over the number of cigarets they smoke."

Our own guess is that in On- tario they lack the intestinal stam- ina that distinguishes Maritimers particularly, and those in the other provinces to a lesser degree. in for- going the temptation to indulge themselves in this habit. Oh yes. we know that Health Minister Judy LaMarsh claims to have lick- ed it completely; and she's from Ontario. of course. But how do we know she doesn't sneak a few puffs on the side. now and then? In any case. one swallow doesn't make a. summer. As we see it, the evidence is clear as to where the moral fibre of the country is locatedl

Party Symbols

The donkey and the elephant are still doing ycoman service as sym- bols of the Democratic and Republic- an parties in the neighboring rem public. What would newspaper car- toonists do without them during this hectic season of election cam— paigning? They are a reminder of the fact that the political cartoon- ist has been around for quite I long time, and that it was back in the 18705 that the most famous of them all, Thomas Nast. hit upon this way of putting his political ideas across.

Orginally Nast used the don- key (or jackass) to symbolize cer- tain Democratic editors and news- papers he didn't like. The emblem is traced back to a Nast cartoon on Jan. 13. "170 in Harper‘s Weekly. In theI cartoon the donkey repre- sented the “Copperhead press." not the Democrat party itself. Later the artist used the donkey to typify the party more specifically.

Four years later, in 1874. the Republican elephant was born in a cartoon which appeared on Nov. 7 in Harper‘s Weekly. The elephant was used by Nast to symbolize the huge national Republican vote, not the party. Eventually. what start- ed as a symbol of the Republican vote came to stand for the party it-

, self.

‘ We have no such convenient isymbols of partyism in Canada for Moonists to play around with. “The party leaders themselves have

to be depicted in this guise. thus

giving them. perhaps, an exaggerat- ed some of their importance. t

rate, it tends to put the em-

l030 ww _

oepouses. end this is not 1 good thing. Leaders comp and go, but party principles should—in theory. at any, rate—be possessed of more enduring qualities.

The British Campaign

It is reassuring to note that in the British election contest which terminates on October 15. no great

difference is evident. between the major parties on the subject of foreign affairs. The Labor Party

still opposes what it feels is the pre- tense that Britain can or should be an independent nuclear force. Mr. Wilson has said that what Britain can add to the nuclear deterrent compares with “a dried pea on top of a mountain." But there is little argument over foreign policy.

The chief issues are domestic. While Britain properous, there are trouble signs on the economic horizon and a feeling of uneasiness and frustration. Britain. it is felt. has not held its own with other western nations in industrial ex- pansion and technological growth. There is a growing inflation. There are several problems in education. transport. and the various areas of welfare. especialy housing.’

For months public opinion polls showed Labor holding a wide lead, and it has been winning or gaining in byelections. But recent polls indi- cate a close race. There are 630 seats in Parliament to be contested. in l959 the (‘onservativcs won 365 seats to Labor's 258. The count is now 361 to 260, with the Liberals holding 7. After several years of promising big things to come, the Liberals show little sign of counting for much in the current balloting.

is

20th Anniversary

The Unitarian Service (‘ommit- tee of Canada is observing its 20th anniversary. and the occasion calls for a salute to this non-political. non-denominational body which has given dedicated service to war- strioken and developing countries throughout the world. Half a million Canadians are actively involved in USC programs todav by contribut- ing funds, gifts-in-kind or both on a regular basis.

Basically, the organization oper- ates as a voluntary overseas relief and rehabilitation agency. About 85 per cent of its aid is directed to children. Its projects are under con- stant supervision and Contributors are kept in close touch with the work. It supports more than 60 pro- jects in the field of child welfare, education. health and social welfare. construction and community devel- opment. and emergency aid.

“Governments.” writes Prime Minister Pearson in a special tribute on this occasion, “cannot alone meet the full task of aiding the develop- ing countries of the world and I am heartened by the valuable contribu- tion which the Committee has made.” There is every reason to hope that this contribution will be- come still more valuable in the years ahead. It is a movement well de- serving the support of Canadians generally.

EDITORIAL NOTES

There is some wonder on Par- liament Hill. reports the Ottawa Journal, about. whether the Trade Department’s latest export promo- tion gimmick might be misinterpret- ed in some quarters. The depart- ment is seeking to sell more birch plywood in the United States and is sending a travelling exhibit to the U.S. for this purpose. The only trouble is that all the publicity is going under the heading of the "Canadian Birch Campaign" which may be misunderstood in this elec, tion year when one of the president- ial candidates is a supporter of the John Birch Society.

C O 0

As a result of a meeting at. Monc- ton last May with parties interested in the question of sealing operations, amendments to the existing regu- lations controlling sealing opera- tions are now being drafted. accord- ing to Fisheries Minister H. J. Rubi- chaud. As soon as this work is com- pleted, another meeting will be held in order to discuss the amendments. Asked whether steps will be taken prior to the opening of the 1965 sealing season to prohibit se al chases by airplanes and helicopters in the Gulf of St Lawrence, the min- ister replied that. there is no inten- tion of prohibiting the use of air- creft entirely, but their use will be abject to stricter regulaitns.

firATé

THE VICTORIAN HEIRLOOM THE ornnecur FORMULA ‘

What Are Co

The introduction of the so called opting - out formula is plainly a direct concession to

the Province of Quebec. m a d e by Prime Minister Lester Pear- son under pressure ’from Pre- mier Jean Lesage. No other province has shown any signif- icant desire to withdraw fr om the dozen federal - provmcial joint welfare and develop- ment programs. Even though

Unflop

Prime Minister Sir Alec Dou- glas-Home has been under pres- sure' to call a: general election ever since he took over from Harold Macmillan — pable Mac" — a year ago.

The last election was on Oct. 8. 1959. and in a month the Con- scrvative Government w o u I a expire on its own. having ex- hausted the five years of power granted it by the voters.

As a new leader Sir Alex was exposed to the advice of men on his own side who thought he shoud capitalize on the fresh visage he had given the party. They could argue that the Con- servative fortunes might de- cline further. if he waited. More- over. Labor Leader Wilson was quick to appeal to the British sporting sense with his criticism that a weary government was afraid to risk its neck and would cling to power until the la st cowardly minute.

i

lobe and Mall. Toronto

the legislation has yet to be pre— Sented to Parliament, Quebec has already announced accept- ance of the Ottawa offer.

In defense of Mr. Pearson‘s opting - out scheme. It must be said that it reduces an area of long - standing objections by Quebec provincial governments. solidly based on constitutional law. to federal intrusions into

pable Alec

ttawa Journal

of Tory rule I should have I more. i. He took the gamble. No orator, he has displayed a sharp wit and quick mind in parliamen- tary fencing He came out of the Commonwealth conference, on which Britain set great store. with enhanced prestige. He has built the image of an effective Conservative team, while on the other side'lhe Labor Party ap- pears to be composed of the clever leader. Harold Wilson, and no one else the country

nows.

“Unflappable Alec" went al- most the limit. Parliament will be dissolved on Sept. 25 and the election will be Oct. 15. His party's prospects are better than they were a year ago. bet- ter than in early Summer. Win or lose. Douglas-Home has ap- parently at least been right to wait.

If he wins he can take the Con-

Prime ministers are lonely l servatives to 18 years of powcr mcn whcn great decisions have :

to he made. Sir Alec concluded he could put up a good show in the House of Commons, where leaders face cold steel. and by wise and admit policy convince the country that after 13 years

l a

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which should impress even Can- adian Liberals who used [0 think they owned Parliament. But all Canadians will be Im- pressed and envious. that the British can hold an election in 3| days.

Holes In The Iron Curtain

Milwaukee Journal

Despite the grim Communist wall in Berlin. the iron curtain dividing West and East Ger- many is by no means impene- trable. Last year a million and a half West Germans crossed the line to visit friends and rela- tives in the cast. This year the number will be about two mil- lion. Some visitors and em- grants are permitted to go from east to west.

West Germany encourages in- fra-German travel so as to keep Germans of east and west feel- ing that they are one people. The government Impose: restrictions. and permits any who cross to stay if they please. John Weyland of the Associated Press reports that since the Ber- lin wall was put up three years ago. 30.000 persons from West. Germany have settled In East Germany.

Communist East Germany welcomes visitors and 'm - grants. Even though they spread

nado’s National Objectives?

provincial administrative juris- dictions.

For a period during and after the war, it seemed that the fed- eral Government had set about singlehandedly creating a unitary state in Canada. The power of the central authority. and its direct effect on the lives of Canadian citizens. increased steadily, usually with the acqu- iescence of all provinces except

ebec.

PROCESS REVERSED

Now, for better or worse, the process has been reversed, and decentralization is the word. But if the possibility before was the emergence of a de facto un- itary state under the Gov- ernment at Ottawal. the present danger is a piecemeal dispersal of central power without a In study of how far the process can be allowed to go. or what the consequences will be nationally.

By permitt i n 3 Quebec to contract out of a down spending programs, the federal Govern. ment is turning over about million a year from federal m provincial control. This Is an economically significant am- ount: taxes and expenditure ane instruments of fiscal con- trol as well as the means specified ends.

More importantly. perhaps. Mr. Pearson's concession means partial recognition of the two - nation view constitutio- nally. 0n the one side there It Quebec, free to go Its own way; on the other. the rest of th e country with policies oriented in Ottawa. If in fact we do even~ tually have to go some distance toward this Quebec concept of dualism in order to preserva a Canadian confederation. this ll the wrong way to go about it.

Quebec is able to press to r concessions from Ottawa be- cause French Canada has a fairly coherent idea of whet It wants in the future of Canada.

"dangerous" Ideas. their visits make possible family reunions. thus reducing discontent among the East Germans. Any spend- ing the travelers do is also wel- come to the hard up East Ger- man economy.

Few persons get to leave East

Germany — only those w h o s e work requires it. the trusted, the aged and the ill. Of 50,000 East Germans who crossed into West Germany last year, 27,000 were elderly persons or invalids. They were of no value to the Commun- ist regime. so they were permit- ted to go west to live with rele- ves. The East German: draw the line on automobiles. however. Few visitors are permitted to bring them In. A car is still too much a symbol of the prosper- ,Ity which modern capitalism has brought to Germany for the Communists to let too many be shown of! In a “worker's pen- disc."

a. .-

The Tourist Dollar

A sharp Increase In world tourism has placed that industry high in the list of dollar produc- ers. In 1963 the amount spent by the visitor was estimated a 38.255.000.000; this year it is ex- pected to reach the nine billion

ark.

The four dollar has I two- fold effect. at provided I liveli- hood for thounndsrof person: In the industry and more for the shops that supply the vIsItors' needs. lite influence not end there; It creates a demand at home by the vIsifor for the wares available in foreign lands; it Is a promoter of im- ports.

Tourism. though. presents a real problem for governments. They must try to make the it- flowfromthetnfflcequnltotne dollars It; clams spend nbrond.

United “It! be. found that

the dollar drain of outflowing vacation funds. world-round. has been a blow to its foreign exchange. In 1963 III 12,700,000 4mm event 33.190.000.000 abroad. American receipts from

foreign guests mounted lesion: more than a two billion dollar gap. A high standard of living re- eulta In increasing travel. So no to

'wealthy country can expect iv

ll return In tour- Ist dollars. but It can Improve It: own Image. Tourism ll one of the null fIc- kle of all commodities. It re- quires constant promotion beck- cd bydcllveryofuiegoods In no u fem. Poor decorum Gallon. meals or highways can ruin an area within I year. For the tourist himself In the but am

Knowing its objectives. It can act purposefully. both through the political institutions of Of tawa, and through the pl‘OVlf'r cial Government at Quebec. PRESSURE ONESIDED Thls pressure In dangerously onecided. Elsewhere. only a few minds or institutions are giving any serious thought to the growing constitutional pro- blem. It not even node that the old British North Am- erica Act. an unwieldly com- promise in the first place, since confused by much judicial tin- kering by the Privy Council in London needs to be remodeled. In these circumstances. no government at Ottawa can de velop truly national policies There is no longer any compo mhensive definition of nation- al obiectives. Nor can there be until the constitutional Inn. has n equ y faced. and the foundations of Confodeflb Ion have been relald. I is time for calm poul- tlve mtltuflon-I Ideas to come from euthorltlee In Endur-

Cunde. taking hm Iccmnt thet the status one. In. I:

the Can-dun union.

ESCORT PLANE cam 'I'EHRAN (Am—An Iranian Ah Force jet W Ethiopian Emperor Belle delu- eie'a plane washed 1“-

on a factory. One worker was killed. 11 were main ll In fine cauled by the and. and

never were The pilot predicted to “My.

URGE CAFE DRIVING ~0TTAWA (C?) - Notional Week will be held

1: Elm”

pal police forces, at well u bum and 008.

en ti “Immune-I- nunl volcanism even dilutes-meddle

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Breathing And Nodes

By Dr. Theodore R. VuDeIIen A Chicago women writes: “I am a singer who has develop- ed a node on and enlargement of the left vocal cord. through singing with a forced production and stra ed throat, I have been told that Improper breath- lng is one of the causes of this heart - breaking condition. Few people can explain. mucu less understand, edbominel breathing. Therefore._you uu~ do on more efficient breathing was of great interest to me." The article this reader refers to was aimed at victims of emphysema but the advice on breathing could help singers. Misuse of the voice may lent to vocal nodules (singer’s nod- es). This includes shouting, sin sin above the normal range, or abusing the voice durlng a period of Iaryngitie.A emllar condit- ion occurs in those who do an excessive amo u at of talking (speaker’s nodes). It is difficull to understand how improved buathing could correct or prevent these nodes. unless it. helps reduce strain on the voca- cords. Hoarseness I: the main sym- ptomof vocal cord nodes. Rest- ing the voice may relieve the condition but‘surgical removal of the growth usually is necess- ary. Nothing need be done if the Individual is not concerned about the husky voolce and the physician is convinced the node is benign and not malign- I

an . These lesions v a ry In size from that of a pinhead to a split

only by a physician who looks at the larynx. The n e begins as a tiny hemorrh a g e into vocal cord. It looks red at first but becomes while as scar tis- sue forms.

Laryngeal polyps also may follow periods of voeal abuse or irritation. They look like minle ture punching bags connected to the voal cord by means if short stalks. Here, too. hoarse- ness is the usual symptom but. the voice may return to normal from time to time, when a polyp drops beneath the cords mo mentarily.

Polyps may continue to grow and. in time. cause stridor and shortn e s I of breath. T h e y should be removed as soon as discovered because of the out- side chance of malignancy.

A STANDING JOB

C.S. writes: Is a man's long- evity affected by standing most of his working life?

REPLY

No, and since exercise said to improve health, we might assume that longevity Is lessened by sitting most of the day. Many factors enter into man‘s longevity. including he- redity. occupational haza rd 3. and he behaves when ‘u is not working.

H. B_ writes: What Is meant by an overactive stomach?

REPLY

Stomach: like people vary considerably in activity and energy. Some digest food rapidly and send it along the way in record time. The state of the nervous system influon cos the rate of these move

ments. JOINT REPLACEMENT L. R. writes: Is it possible to get a replacement for a worn— out hip bone? E LY

Yes, the old Joint can be rcpt:- ced with I prosthesis made of metal. ,

Today's Health flint——

Clean out the medicine cabiu- ef twice I year.

(Note : c orresponden cc to Dr. VanDellen should be ad- dressed to: Dr. Theodore Vans Dellen. care of Chicago Tribune Chicago. Illinois.)

pea. Diagnosis can be made ‘

i l

NOTES BY mt WAY

"Jack m use tired." "WI i

yam- own fault deer. You Ihould stop running after him." —- Montreal star.

stranger — “Hour old i your little baby brother" Little G'rl —“He‘s a this year’s model."- Sande Observer.

to the moon become In- creasingly believable as science inexorably, closes the g p be- tween Itself and,the comic strips. — Calgary Herald.

The early morning hours this time of year would be wonder- ful times to be up and around. if they weren't so much better for sleeping—Vancouver Sun. >

A smell town II where people buy a newspaper to verify What they heard earlier~ over the phone. — Community Press.

Living wlthln an Income ll be- coming about as hard as living without an income. —— Brandon

I "I bear there’s a new baby over at your house. William, said the teacher. “I don‘t think he's new." replied William. ‘The way he cries shows he's had lots of experience."—Snrnia Ob- r.

e u

, five and not a person.

You’re III old “merit you thinkt‘ietown square is n The

‘ Denmark Pres.

Science can keep human or“: alive outside the body—— '-: ‘- that the’real problem?— Calgary (1

Herel .

Loud voice on the bus: “Their marriage didn't even last long enough to get the wedding vic- turcs back from the photograph- er."—Vencouver .

There's Ill edible container In the consumer’s future. It will enable the housewife to cook frozen broccoli and such with- out taking it out of the package a broccoli and wrapper for dinner. We don't know if this is a contribution to the nation's cuisine or a vote of confidence In the stomach. - Mnneapolls Tribune.

Whatever happened to the theory that a good, well running auto engine Is the one that purrs like a kitten and is so silent that It permits the car to glide like a shadow. Now it seem to be I constantly w a g e d war to see wtiio can construct the noisfest. souped-up hot rod. -- Regina Leader Port.

Khrushchev’s Disclosure

The Canadian Preel

Soviet Premier Khrushchev's disclosure that Moscow has a "terrible" weapon is bound to leave its imprint on the voters of the United States and Bl‘ll.

in. Among the first conclusions reached by many Western ob- servers after Khrushchev made his statement to a Japanese delegation was that he intended to frighten the Chinese Com- munists. Another interpretation was that he wanted to quieter! Soviet generals seeking an ex- pansion of Soviet defence spending.

The puzzling element Is why Khrushchev should pick this particular time to mention the weapon. The approaching Brit- ish and American elections in- volve the possibility that changes in present administra- tions may bring radical depar- tures in existing foreign pol- cies.

A US administration headed by Senator Barry Goldwater might Just possibly exert a little more pressure on the American nuclear trigger. And an admin- istration in Britain headed by Labor Leader Harold Wilson could lead to gradual British withdrawal from the sensitive role of an indepench nuclear power.

\

Khrushchev's real Intent can only be a matter of conjecture. but over the years the West has learned to weigh the Soviet leader's words with grave con- cern. He has shown the world that in the fields of rocket! and hydrogen bombs the Soviet. rec- or is matter of startling achievement.

But Khrushchev also knows it does not pay him to try to in- terfere in Anglo-American elec- tions. The electorate in both countries would re lent in- trusion,

Nevertheless, It may not be lost on the American voters that a Goldwater regime could just possibly bring a showdown between Russia and the US

In Britain. the impact In less evident, with the exception that. some voters may say that Wil- son is right. What is the point of Britain maintaining an inde- pendent nucleer deterrent when such a deterrent could never match the weapons developed by Russia»?

As voting day npproachs. voters may be concerned mainly with bread - and - butter issues at home but nevertheless will cast an uneasy glance over their shoulders. worried what Russia will do.

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