PAGE TWELVE u. s. on ‘Shortage u

ay. Be Spark

'i'hat Will Touch ilif a Big Boom in Bituminous Sands 0t Alhorta

3y IAMEC MONTAGNII NBA Special Correspondent

‘IOROITIO - (NEA) -North America's critical of shortage may be the spark that touches off a bk new boom in Canada's vast, untamed , troleum reserves.

liocesst pressure by some Con- gressional groups in Washington l0 halt oil exports to Canada has ntensiflod fears of cold homes and transportation tie-ups, if not this winter st least by next. These fears are pushing the development of Canada's most likely oll fields and the creation of a Canadian oil tanker fleet to increase exports from South America.

Canada is the world's second highest per caplta user of oll. Its own production last year was '7.- 882301. barrels less than one-fifth of the world's annual production. and less than i5 per cent of its own requirements. Yet government geologists both in U. S. and Can- ada, point out that Canada has the greatest oll known reserves on esrtlh locked up in bituminous sands in northern Alberta. It is estimated rt from i0i).000.ll00.000 to 250.000.000.000 toils. according to

with present ethods is about one barrel per ton of send.

During the war were most publicized of Cinodfs oil fiolde was that at Norman Wells, on the Mackenzie River, lust south of tho Arctic Circle. Here Canada and the United States built the Canol project. The first wells in. this area were drilled in i931. Now the oil wells of this sub-Arctic area are supplying enough of‘ for mining developments and the few small settlements in the area. Top production during the war was 4000 barrels daily.

Meanwhile, the Dominiorva mer- chant marine and individual oil companies are speeding up devel- opment of a fleet oi oil tankers to bring increasing quantities of crude oii from Colombia. Vene~ zuela. and Ecuador, where Conad~ inn companies have large hold-

lngs. BALDIN ROAD W. I.

The Baldwin's Rd. Women's institute was held at the home of .\lrs_ Peter McKcnna. on February 2nd with-an attendance of ten members and six visitors. Meeting

the official Canadian governmerltlopened with the premier‘; in the

Year Book. Most of Canada's oil has been coming from the 'i‘urncr ilalici

area near Culg-auv. Alberta. when" supplies have been licoilnnvg. Tu boost new production, engineers. in this area recently exploded 5000 quarts of nitro-glycerine into spec- ial wells for underground.

in addition to ‘Tiirncr Valley, new fields have been opened in other areas of the province, the latest in the Leduc area near Ed- monton. where homesteading far- mers and Indians on reservations have been offered big prices for drilling rights and royalties. Oil also has been produced in small quantities in Saskatchewan. On- tu-io and New Brunswick provin-

ces.

The Canadian government and oil companies have spent vast oums developing the southern A‘- nerta oil fields. The government lid geological mapping and sur- veying, and during the war tool! over the development of the tar sands of northern Alberta, search- ing for s method of extracting the '>ii from the-sands.

These bituminous sands are lo~ outed st MoMurray, northernmost rsilhoad. and stretch over it! area estimated at 115 by 55 miles.

While the bituminous sands have been used as o. paving ma- terial, continuous oil extraction irl commercial quantities has ri-li yet proved successful. The yield

The Moyhnd Plant, ery In Albert-l’! vut Turner Vel- loy oll field. costs its own n. fleeflon in the water as if to mir- ror the pololltlll oil boom in Ai- borte‘: bituminous sends.

only refin-

chair and repeating Creed in unison. Roll cell was answered by naming an article in a baby's laycttc. lilinutes of last meeting were rend and approved. 'I‘reasurer reported $5.96 on hand after purchasing a hectograph and first aid kit for the school. It was de- cided to choose a play in the near future. Mrs. Martin Corcoran irinclly thanked the mcmbers for fruit received. The meeting closed with the singing of "God Save The King." Mrs. Thomas Curran kindly invited the mombers to her hocne for the next meeting. Roll call to be answered by a liousecleaning hint. (Patriot Please Copy)

VERNON W. L

Mrs. Goult Murray entertained the members of the Vernon Women's Inslitutg at her homo on February 3rd. Meeting opened with the Ode followed by the Creed repeated in unison. Roll call was rospcndel to by l3 members. The minutes of the last meeting were read, approved and signed. Correspondence was read this included a letter of thanks for gift sent at Christmas. A discuss- ion on Auction grid Dances took place and several bills were pre-

sented to he paid. Mrs. Wilfred Furness then moved the meeting adjourn. this was seconded by Mrs. Samuel Martin. The members then enjoyed a social hour which consisted of violin selections by Mrs. Thomas MaoKenna accom- panied on the piano by Mrs. Gsult Murray, A solo by Mrs. A. Moss- man and I singsong led by Mrs. Samuel Mai-tin. A very delicious lunch was served by the hostess. Collection for the evening $1.90.

NEW VARIETIES OI‘ GRASSES AND LEGUMES FOR HAY AND PASTUBE

i Forms New!)

New and improved species oi.‘ grasses and iegurics that may be suitable for hay and pasture ere under continuous test at the Division of Forsgo Plants, Control Experimental Farm, Ottawa, says

Division. These varieties are being grown alone and in simple mixtures in small replicated plots which are cut for my twice, or clipped four or five times per aollon to simul- ste posture. '

Under the conditions of those

to give good yields when cut for

ed pasture the variety Grimm remens the most productive.

Ladino clover is showing up well in mixtures which are cut for hey for a year or two. This legume can replace nlslke gnd to game extent red clover in mixtures intended for one year of hay and two or three years of posture.

Blrdsfoot trefoil is another lvzrme that has been grown in simple pasture mixtures and test- ed against varieties of white clover. Only limited informltlon ll avail- able yet, but it appears to be more productive than most varieties of white clover during short periods of drought. There seems to definite variety differences o! birds foot. trefoil and more infor- mation will have to be secured before this legume can b; recom- mended more generally. _

in n test of 14 varieties of timothy, the recently A leased variety Climax ll heading the list for pasture purposes. There does not seem to be any difference in the production of postures from the different varieties of Kentucky and Canada bluegrass. Oids creeping red fesche has been producing slightly more than Duroturf or Refon, but this difference was not significant over a period of two years. Both Sturdy and Ensign meadow fescue varieties have out- yieided the corrmedcial variety in the hay trials. and lturdy exceed- ed all oihere in the pasture tests. There were flvo varieties of Orchard grass tested for hay Ind for pasture, but yields secured lo fer fail to show any difference due to varieties. '

It is by this method of testing new and improved varieties against old estobliahed sorts, that a basis of recommendations is reached for hay and luv-cesium groom up! Idllllllll in llllflll Olllfil

“All!!! IN ‘IAVIIN Founding place of the United listen Marine corps was Tun rw.

Lara in Philadelphia. first recruiting

Uh, ‘ .

THE GUARDIAN.

Bedeque li1_1i_t_ed Church

The lilstory oi a Methodist iilreuit in Prisca Edward island

Tracing its Roots in the Cultural, Educational and Commercial Fields of the Community.

IYLLD

ES. Nowosad of the Ibrage Plants I

tests. Lads-k aifelfg is continuum; hay, but if cut for hay 3nd foilow- v

OIAPTE. EIGHT (Continued)

The Methodists of early Bedoque know their hymn books almost as well u their Bibles; their everyday speech, letters, death-bed testi-

' and. epitaph: showed lt. Rev. John Prince, who returned to Bedlequc as an old man for a farewell visit, as remembered by Thomas Moyse, stood in the high pulpit of the second chapel, and, b0 a de- pleiod circle of familiar faces, quoted lines of comfort and assurance whose context made them richer stilt-

"Part of His host have crossed the flood And port are crossing now."

from the lovely hymn, “Coma Let Us Join Our Friends Above.‘

At Conference and district Meeting a. hymn from the old Col- lection which was often sung enced:

“And are we yet alive _

And see each others face? Glory and praise to Jesus give For l-iis redeeming grace!"

Boasting no literary merit, but filled WlLh that JO)’ and llvcllness which characterized so many of Charles Wesley's hymns, it had its special place; and in England, where customs cling longer, it con- tinues to be the opening hymn for General Conference. The hymns of Wesley's book were mainly Wesley hymns, uwitten by Rev. Charles Wesley and his brother John. with a small sprinkling of the inspired verse of Watts. Addison, Cowper. Ken and others. The old book, how- ever, had many hymns which time failed to sanction with use, and. in 1884 with the Union of all Methodist Churches in Canada, e. collec- tion oi sacred verse and music incorporating over four hundred ancient and modem hymns of the Church Universal with the same number of Wesley's hymns became the first Canadian Methodist l-lymn Bock, rc- membered by many as in use up till 1919.

An old Methodist funeral custom observed for many years in some parts of the Island was the singing of s hymn at the open grave before the reading of the committal service. llymns such as "0 God Our Help in Ages Past". or “Again We Lift. Our Voice and Shout our Solemn Joys", were decply moving to hear; and for those who could forget their sorrow in the joyous belief of a loved one safely Home, they were songs of triumph with a deep undernote of comfort helping to heal the broken pattern of life.

Such a broken pattern canoe in the life of Rev. Joseph Pascoe who lost his wife in 1883 only a few months o/fter being settled on the Be- rlequc circuit. l-lcr death robbed the parsonage of its hostess and the community of one of its daughters. for lvml. Pascog (m; Alia; M“ Wright. third daughter of Stephen Wright, E54]. and hi; wife Million-y} Palmeri was not only one of the first to marry a minister. but nbo the very first. io return to Bedeque as the wife of a Methodist; Min. istcr.

‘Hiird Auxiliary Formed

The following year. Miss Mattie Black who was keeping house for M1‘. PHCOB and 100M!!! alter his two small boys. entertained a small group at the parsonage for the purpose of forming the third auxiliary of the Women's Missionary Society in the Maritimes. Charlottetowtvs auxiliary ithe first on the Island and the second in the Marltimes). which bad been formed the previous year. sent a delegation consisting of Mrs. George R. Beer and Mrs. Dr. Johnson. They carefully watched the biriih of the new society which saw Miss Kate Wright elected president. ms. Vlckerson recording secretary, Miss Elmo Black (inter Mrs. David Schurmail) corresponding secretary and Miss Mattie Black, treasurer. Other charter members included Mrs. A. T. Wright, Mrs.

HIV. JOSEPH PAIOOU Superintendent of the Bodoqus Circuit 1883-1086

A. M. Wri t. biirs. Martin Black and Min Mary Wright. A humble. prayerful. b rid of women they reported of themselves in an early "Blue book" that they were "not half in earnest. and so many destitute of the one thing needfui!"

‘the gifts of Bodequo auxiliary in money pod prayers over the years hove been vary impressive, but the greatest contribution from Bedeque church to the Women's Missionary society cauoe has been the services of Louise Csllbeck. missionary, w-ho went io Japan in 192i to spend many fruitful years in the Master's work. The N. B. and P. I. l. Branch of the woman's Missionary Society organised in mulchin- town, June 18, ma, during Conference, reported other auxiliaries formed ct Tryon and summerside the some fall. Other orgsnieetions in Bedeque but early beginnings. "Prince William" orange ma. was formed April 20. 1e60, st Bedoque. Different temperance organisa- tionl. including The British Tenoplors. and Ions of Temperance. etch all flourished in their doy. no m Court "Bodoque" of the f. O. O. l". was formed Nov. 18, i888.

OIIAPTII NINE

lentinsent in fsvcur of a new church at Ceatreville, first amend in III. finally crystalline eurin: the psstence of Rev. I. o. some who came to Bedequc in i888. Plans for the my chiuoli were secured their fall. and having the approval of the building committee were to the congregation in Nbruuy of ill‘! for o final vou o! ro- ceiving which the trustees wont ehesd with consumable ossesteh so e the third and lstsst Methodist church in lododue. oil urel was dismantled. its news moved late to cram-nu nun

CHARLOTTETOWN

REV. E. C. TURNER Superintendent of the Bedeque Circuit 1886-1880 i church ervicas were held. and the building itself moved from its foun-

ho like the things of lLie that have been hallowed with who think new things on always boat. thors is something inexpres ibly sad about an old home, or an old church, which has outgrown its usfiulness and been condo “ to mesner uses. The church which was eventually sold to A. M. Wright for $10000 V) b! used ior a warehouse was hauled from Centraville the next year, March D, 1888, oven- the lcs to Coloa’ Wharf by thirty-two span of horses. mt first the tower which was of no value newt for firewood. was inked up on one eido and toppled neatly in the road. felling so straight the 5 on the weather-vane was buried six inches in the road bed. The

‘church-warehouse was pieced on the west side of the wharf near a

building owned by B. '1'. Holman. Years lster when C-oles‘ Wharf was nearing the end of its commercial life the warehouse was torn down and the frune taken across to Bummer ide to be incorporated into still another warehouse. .

It is not as a warehouse that the old church is remembered, by the few, who. sixty years after it was hauled away, can lean back in mem- ory against the upholstery of the Jesse Wright square pew and hear again John Beer drilling them in scripture texts-or sitting perhaps in a. gallery class of the Sunday School. may remember better (a child's mind being so constituted) more of whet the teacher wore than of what he or she taught. In a description of the church's interior, given earlier 'in this history. no mention was made of the pews or where people set. As in all churches of its day. the pews, with the exception of two or three reserved for visitors, were private property. sold at the time of the building of the church. To keeptbem private they WCFC equip- ped with doors and latches, and to tnako them more comfortable were often upholstered at the option of the owner. No chapel stewards pew-ibock. to show the original owners or the changes of forty years. has been found. so that what is known of the seating arrangement of this second church has come from memories which can focus sharply on the location of the family pew in which they sat. but naturally blur on a fuller picture of the general seating arrangement.

Second Chapel - ‘bed

Writing proudly of the second chapel in i849. Father Strong sold it had sixty-six pews in all, seating five hundred. On the main floor of the church there were three rows of seats and twonisles. The middle row of pews had a division board in the oentre of each making in effect two middle rows of seats. At the top of the church on the west side. Jesse Wright-at-the-mill had the first of four square pews. which. equal in size to two ordinary pews. had seats on three sides. The next was owned Jointly by George Gardiner and William Wright of south Shore, with the third one in possession of Joseph Pope, later Wm. B. strong. ‘The fourth and last double pew on the west was occupied by ‘flaomas Wright of Centrevilie and lstee his scno Solomon. ‘Theodore and Colin. There were possibly six ainlio pews completing this row. which. continuing to the back of the church. were occupied rupeetiveiy by David Edwards, Philips Caiibeck. John Robinson and Joseph Rogers with the last two pools reserved possibly for strangers. The west mid- dle row of seats had one square pew at the top occupied by Joseph Black of Boarletcwn and later his son Stephen. At the very beck of this row in 188'! John A. l-font occupied the lost out. or poo-hops the sac-

‘ and lest. the beck once so often being reserved for strangers. The seats

in front of him. at one time were occupied respectively by leniunln Wright. Horatio Wright. Loronlo Wright and J. R. Wright. with sev- eral intervening pews, owners of which have not been ascertained. At a later period w. A. Leard and Joseph Morris occupied seats on this row, probably ones formerly owned by Lorenzo Wright and Horatio

‘nuoestemhsifofthomiddiorovludiloiacnienunuooeupant of the beck seat, one time the pew of Geo. M. Wright of Freetown. Successive pew holders ahead of him included. Thomas Robins. David Mum. Jooso sehurrnen, George Clark and George Newsom. with John: Beer occupying the top boa pow. The minister's pow was the top some! one on the Bast side with the phen Wright (hfldllhimi) NI. later oocwiod by Martin Block, diree y behind it. Btephon wright to. of Bodeoue end Squire John Wright of Beerletcom occupied the ilwo other boo: pews on this side with smaller pews behind occupied by Job yrightwmtizhy Atkinson, Fred Moyse, James Wright, Iiwen Clark and

emu s .

Lsrgodoubleooorsontboeeneidsofthotewerpsovidldtlss meiaootrancotothochmda. fntbopcchoofdhoeesesenoingasstha west aide. wound up to s eommodious gellory, which. extol-loin! m two lidso and one end of the church. was roomy enough in itoslf forouite e congregation, having five rows of seats at the book and three rows on tho aides. The occupant: of the gallery paws have only partially been ascertained. lntbemcuwryofthooelivingthouliorvmtewcebut thinly occupied. Indeed tho gallery was closed al mun before the last service was held in the "eh .

The pews in the gallery, unlike those in the main body of the church. hod no doors. ‘the top front pow on the west side woe occupied by J. n. Bownoeo and fatally. one of whom (William T.) remembers looking diszily down st the people below. Directly sci-on from flu newness pew m tbs other side of the gallery was the Robert lemon seat with the William Cook pow immediately behind. Wm. Cook later set down stairs, on the west side in e pew near the Joseph losers lest and took up the collection. George Crcoby of Freetown. who also moved down iator. end Charles beard of Fbrnwocd bod front pews on the Ilut side of the gallery. Other gallery folks inch-MI! Gouge nouli of wiimot. Mr. Wilkins of newer nodsquo end Bmismin Potion! of Central Bedaque. The lstior was a noted clock-maker and mechanic who lived to be very old and vary feeble. He is remzmharsd in iodoouo for a famous answer to a question asked by a neighbor whether lie minded being left clinnerless and alone while his wife w t out by the day t9 help earn the living.- “Oh. no" he replied, “I'm o as ion] as I have plenty of apple sue and me Wesleyan!"

can» um.

The most prominent figure in the gallery was Nathaniel liueetll. who bofoto there was a choir sot in a front pew on the out side of the gallery. When a hymn was announced he would rise, strike the pitch on stoning fork and lead on in one of the libelous tunes of cdism. Lam with the formation of s choir hisplaca was in the front pew" of tho south gallery with the choir on his left. ‘llil memory cf their beautifully blended voices. ‘leading the eonfllletien ie-uiesinslrveoffllvoodi-hs eprlngofaumviovsflw the tuned W“. was something never to be forgotten. 111s church clock. at‘;

E

to the gallery below when the choicest, like most

oismainsllar co sbkorlighfnmoglisaodl- c a on o a

those fgflrlstaaugos: W“ IAIY TO Mill-Dissolve: quickly in wasor, or your morain coin, tea t uioo. Moot fo ks find the

ORWELL COVE SCHOOL

Roport for January.

Grade} - 1. Patrick Io- Ilnno, 2. Merle Rooney. 8. Pauline Grant.

Grade Michael Mc- Kenna.

Grade Vlll - l. Annie Grant, I. Kenneth MacLeod, .1. Joseph Rooney.

Grads V11 - 1. Eileen Rooney.

Grade V1 - l. Mildred Macbeod, 2. Charlie Grant.