HASZARD'S GAZETTE, SEPTEMBER 1.

6333311. IITILLIGRIOI.

A Bonaranrn Porl.—lt is whispered abroad

that therein some process: at erelen sno. naparte will he raised to the Pepsi t rone. The present Pope is said to be in t ’ '

or he

health, and it is net probable that be will long survive. ties are already looking snxionslly forward to the time when his deoeaee wil occasion a new election. Of all these parties,

rhaps Lgaie Napoleon is the most interested.

is Cousin Prince Lucien Bonaparte, second

nof the brince dc Canine, has taken holy orders, andis said to be in every way an eligiblegiereon for such an oﬁoe. He would have the double advantage of being a Bonn rte and a naturalized Italian, and would pro bly beas at-co table to all rtiee as any other individun. The fortunes of the Bonaparte family, after a long period of vicissitudes, seem to be in the iiscendant.

'l‘lie iron steamship Clyde. of 1200 tons and 250 horse power, wit seen re on board, put into Halifax last week, s ort of coals She was 17 days out from Glue w, bound to N. York. 'l‘lii-cc doatlie occurre on the pttssnge.

During the ravages of the cholera at Bar- bailocs. no less than two hundred and sixty-two men of the English regiment stationed there, have died.

Mn. .\l.tir1-m‘i- ’i‘ru.u..—'l‘he Special Sessions of the Supreme Court, for the trial of Mr. N. ll. Martin, commenced its sittings at Sydney on ‘l‘uesda_y, the 8th inst. A jury was not obtained until Wednesday evening, and the trial commenced on Tliursday, the whole of that day and_Friday being occupied with the opening address of the licitor General and examining witnesses on behalf of the crown. The trial was not brought to a close until Friday lust,.when the Jury returned a verdict sc uitting the prisoner on a plea of insanity. Jddge DeeBarree remanded the prisoner to jail, there to remain, it is rumored, until a Government commiseioii, or someother tribunal decides on the propriety of his being liberated.

These are all the circumstances connected with the trial. that have yet come to our knowledgc.and for the acuracy of these we do not vouch. W'e therefore at present refrain ii-om coiiiiiiciit, although it docs ap car to us cxtraoruliiiiiry, tliatacriminnl tria in which

there could not possibly be more than three or P

four crows witnesses. who could testify to the facts of the case, and these few must have had a very brief title to tell, could have been extciidcd over such an unusual length of time. —Fas!c1'n (Nonick.

l-‘mi: AT Govsasxssr llotisi: ll.it.ii'iix.—On Sunday iii-irniug last, shortly after the ringing of the lwlls for Church, Government House in Halifax was discovered to be on tire, the tlcmes bursting from the roof of the main building. The whole of the tire department and military, were quickly in attendance, and after three hours of incessant labor, succeeded in checking the progress of tli-~ Games. The wings of the building are uninjured, but the mains or centre building is nearly destroyed. The Morning Clirouiclc says :— .-

lt tvill probably cost £W0 to put the Editico in good repair. The ﬁre had its origin in a defective uhinincy which becoming ignited communicated to the shingles on the roof. \Vc learn that Lady Leﬂitrclinnt and family have taken up their quarters for the preeeiit at the Waverly llouee.

HOi't|t|Bl.|~2 Miisni:it.—-On Frhlziy last an indivi- dual named Alexander Mcl)oiiald, who lives soniu ﬁve miles from the village of Anti-,:oniehe. passed tlIl’0u2h this town, in charge of: constable who was liihiiig him to Halifax, the prisoner llflllp cliarut-tl with having coniniiitcd so ntlrnrliiiis murder on the Halifax and Uu_\‘§lJI)r0 road. it few days previously. it appeiirstliat McDonald hail called for dinner at :1 house of eiitertaiiitticnt kept by an elderly woitiai. nzixiied liebecca li-iiiily. on a lone part ofthc road between the settlement til" C:iledoni.i, St Mary's, slid Musquodolioit. Some dispute occurred about the price of the dinner when Rchet-ca, who has always horiies some what mat-culine reputation, drove him front the house, and fasting his return. barricaded the door to prevent him gaining admittance. He did return its anticipated, broke open the door with a billet of wood, siczel a musket uith which she atiempled to defend herself, and wrenching it from her grasp, best out her brains with the stock. Two little children who where in the house tied to the dwelling of the nearest settler on the Mnsquodoboit side, ‘about fourteen miles distant, sndgave intelligence of the fatal sllray. Several individuals proceeded to the house, and ﬁnding the mangled remains of Mrs Langley, continued on towards Caledonia ii pursuit of ‘the murderer, and at length succeeded in overtaking and arresting him, near Antigonishe. a warrant for his arrest having been previously obtained from a Magis- trate in St. Mary’e. ‘he deed having been com- mitted within the bounds of Halifsx County, the accused_ has been led ed in prison in Halifax, there to await his tria at the next sittin of the Supreme Court in this city.—Eastem C roniclc.

Tris Ciiousa is re idl disc in our midst. On Sund6;pndmti;P%.i;’hwb were reported in the i yfor hours, and up 10 eel rday morning llve deaths took place int Ci . and ﬁve in Portland, rom all causes. ot‘a sin e death was

"ﬁ

has happily subsided, peep c are returning to their homes, and uainees is beginning to “ look tip” again.—Neui Brim ' .

Tux Sunnc Rait.war.—We are he py to state that on Saturday last, a looomot ve and can commenced running on the first two miles of this railwa ,—that is, from the shore of the Gulf of St. wrencc, to the Scadone River! In order to cross the Soadonc river, an expensive tubular iron bridge is now in course of con- struction, which will cost at least £20,000. When this bridge is so far com leted that the locomotive can cross, it will able to run ei ht or ten miles on the res toward the River, and perhaps the whole distance throu h.

The fact, that the locomotive is now actuiﬁly running, and that it could traverse several miles of railway but for the want of the long and expensive bridge at the Scadone, is suici- ent answer to all that has been recently said about the progress of the Shediao Railway.

LATER FROM THE PACIFIC. Capture of iv Rimian Vessel by a I-bench Govern- ment Steamer-Burning of a Boslon Slup at Sea, on her Voyage to California.

New York, August ll.—The Empire Cit ar- rived about 0 o'clock. She left Aspinwal on the 1st inst., and brings about 200 paseen re, with California mails to July 15, and 81,8]. 000 iii tresure.

Considerable sickness prevailed on the Isth- mus, and cholera had also made its appearance, but when the steamer left, the disease was en- tirely eradicated.

Very severe thunder storms have been experi- enced; during one of which the City Hospital at As inwsll was struck by lightning and sue- taine slight damage.

A French war steamer captured a Russian bri of500 tons, front Havana, olf Valparaiso, an towed her into that port.

Business at Valparaiso was quite nominal, little doing, and the harbor verybaro of ship-

I .

Tito papers contain a thrillin account of the burning of the ship Townsend. ptain Woodc- son, on the 25th 0 May, in lat. 35 S. The Cap- tain and crew, twenty-four in number, had to take to the boats in ver heavy weather, and after a vo age of600rni es, one out of the tour 1 beats, and twelve out of the twenty-four men, ietioceeded in reaching Juan Fernandez, when r they proceeded to Valparaiso. Capt. Woodeson f was amongst the saved.

fEASZARD’8 GAZETTE. l ! Friday, September 1. 1864. l j One of the great distinctions existing between ,ancient and modern times, has been etfected by , means oftlio press. it is true that there may glle as there were of old, monster meetings of T the people, where speeches are made and resolu- ‘ tioiis past, but there are no such cliaractcrs as Demosthenes or A-lscliiues now, nor if there were 1 would they be ofmucli nee. Since the invention of ' steam and the application ofite powers in ro- l polling the rotatory printing presses, t one

who ook forward to inﬂuencing the ublic

mind in tiny way make their sentiments nown

through the length and breadth of the land thy means of the rapidit with which it throws ,o its reams of printc information, and pub- Ilic meetings are held, not so much for the ,piir so of being convinced as that having 5 ma e up their minds and formed their opinions {upon the necessity of adopting or opposing a ;pullllc3l measure, iiicn meet in masses merely ‘to give weight to these preconceived and pre- ado ited judgments.

'1‘ to contest is over,the battle has been fought through the medium o newspapers and pam- phlets. The Athenians were a talking people, and loved to assemble in great numbers, an hear political matters discussed and give their judgmctit. The modern Euro cans are a read- ing poonlc, nntl instead ofneg ccting,their busi- ness and listening to debates they prefer having the pith and marrow of them brought to their own homes and quietly read them li their own tiresides or in readiiig-rooms, coﬂ'ee- ouees, and other places set apart for that purpose. In the liouse of Commons in England, the Con- gress in the United States, or the National liissemblies, Houses of Rcpres 'Yil.li.hi\'0I, or b 3 whatever particular name t.icy are callc , loratorrs speak to the Reporters gallery, and ‘ are aware, that if they wish their speeches to

be attended with any oil‘--ct as respects their 1 future fanic, it is oftiioi-e . -_'~ortatice that they ehntild be heard by the oct.-.. ..inte of the seats there, than by those in the body of the house. Hence it is, that every public man, of the present day, feels that he is under the influence of a jealous supervision, and that every sentence

reported in the city eubee sen y. The panie aeter

thatheleuttsrin w l, themoryom, at the pihlc.‘ ' 'he‘iea3.'|IulIeohimeI£ in ever , even t remotest corner of the em- ‘ . he consequences are obvious. Inc of touching-aprls to the feelings, instead of those ssbl 0 tents of eloquence which char- ised the cratione of the ancients, we have details of feats. and logically drawn conclu- sinus, of theses ueneee which may he antici- tsd for the pecu in line of conduct which it s the s kere wish to sdvocate, or to repro- hate. t is the mind and not the heart, that is to be worked upoii,—keen sarcasm and furious invective. cutting mtire, and ooeaeionall dashes of true wit. more eommonl b humour, and caricature. are among t e won one employed, the use of which varies t 0 otherwise dull uniformit of modern debate. But the great beneﬁt of t recs is the whole- some restraint it im see. he terror of what me. be the voice of t public in its criticisms, en the jud meats passed in the morning upon what may ve been said over night, has a mi hty inﬂuence over the minds of ublic men. And, in a country where the press s free, this is one of the most wholesome preservatives of that freedom. No man dare give utterance to a slavish sentiment, for if not immediately repudiated on the spot, it would be attacked in every possible we that the wit of man can devise, in the pa lic newspa re of the da , and [no amount of rank or in uence would snﬂcient to screen the author from deserved punishment. As also, but perhaps more leni- ently, would they deal with its opposite, for, as every beneﬁt is attended with a consequent dvanta , so it is and so we fear it must be, while t e mind of man remains what it is, that the liberty of the press will have a down- ward tendency to liccntiousness, and if it do not openly advocate, mantain a partial silence, when sentiments so much in unison with the majority of those who avail themselves of its great power are the subjects of dircuesion.

But. notwithstanding this great drawback, no country can expect to be truly free wiere the press is shackled. The only fettcrs t with safet be im eed, are those 0' ublic opinion,and where the bulk of the poop e are virtuous and moral, tlieee will be ever at hand. In fact, while the public can appeal to a jury, and while those juries are composed of men of good sound common sense, when uprightjudges continue on the bench, and spirited inde end- ent advocates at the bar, the temporary icon- tioueness of the press will be its own cure, and be compelled to serve as the herald of its own ptinishmcnt. The degredatiou of the press is the surest sign of the decline of the people, and no labour ought to be deemed too great. especi- ally in a young country like this, to prevent its becoming so. If newspapers are to be the

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organs of public opinion, or rather to aim at guiding an inﬂuencing public judgment, they

ought to use a lab uage somewhat in unison with the dignity of t e subjects they are called upon to discuss. In questions of political im- pertance, whether they relate to measures or to men, every latitude of expression elmost, is allowable, rovided it is conﬁned to the public acts, or pu lic sentiments, of either the party or the individual. The press may be aptly enough compared to an English tribune of justice, for it exercises, by turns, the functions of both juries, and acts at dilfcrcnt times as advocate and judge, and not unfrequently joins to these the tincnviable task of the executioner. ut while employed in any or either of these capacities, the individuals eiiiployed claim the most perfect security froinpersonal attack. When abill of indictment is referred, howcvcr heiiious may the crime of w iich the party may be accused, who over thinks of cnquiriu into the private character or conduct of the in ivid- uals com sing the grand jur , the man who attemptedoit would c laughed at; and. after all, it is but an accusation founded upon one- sided evidence. And in this light should be con- sidered the attacks made in the public journals upon men and bodies who are answerable to the people for their conduct, in the diﬂi.-rent departments in which they liavo to act. In- stead of abusing the editor or pro rietor of the journal, or bringing forward eimi or conduct of some of the opposite party in litics, on some previous occasion, they should sedulotisly bend themselves to produce the necessary evidence of innocence before the puhlit-,who is the jury in the case, accompanied y it posito argument and sound logic,and employ ti ltlie wit, licences, and subtlety of the advocate, to ensiiro an acquittal. t them consider what would be the chance of a culprit, who. instead of defendin himself, were to turn round and attack the "u go. jury. and bar. We have seen it done, at with the; effect only of bringing the jury to a speedy and " unanimous verdict of guilty. When the arty. nttacltcd is the editor of the journal wliic hasl been the organ of his opinions, if he venture‘ upon his own defence he ought to be a man of. cool jpd merit and great discrimination, or hel will e ikely to share the fate of ‘those who: are, when accused, their own counsel, that is; get it fool for their client, and in such it casei recriminnticn, counter accusation, or en ea-. vouring to turn the accuser into ridicule, is! the worst of all possible polic for it amounts

3 to an admission of the truth of’the indictment, ; I

teed the opinion

and defends it by the i " that two wrongs make a ﬁght. said the much beeaes_e it

we entermip

Ind rivil‘ ofa conductor apuhlie

Rh we e ll never beeimts cations isatptihlic characters, , the or end of public duties, we shall hold private character and their conduct in private ifs, as sacred as that of any other individual and we shall never be deterred from

in; our duty because others may chose to p out of the we and endeavour to bespatter us with their 0 th. owever di ble and momentarily unpleasant such can not may be, one t advantage we have is, that meat of such attacks are futile, and the missiles either fall short of, or go beyond the mark.

stray one or two should happen to hit, we know from experience that they leave no mark, and are acoom ' by no lasting injury. We, therefore, have determined to ‘vs no heed to these piratical and bandit—l e at- tscks, and our readers will, we trust, see the propriety of our paying them no attention, but to rest secure in the consciousness that our only desire is to serve the ublic, and advance the interests of Prince Award Island-our only aim, to do our duty fearlessly.

sesnmtioa " Wedisve eervcteshew ﬁeditties llth. their

We have to ackuowled the receipt of the Westminster and London terly Reviews, for July. The contents of the Westminster are as follows :—-I. Cardinal Wolsey.—A well writ- ten expoeition of some of the erroneous con- clusione formed by dilferent historians, of the character of this celebrated man. The Board. 3. The Civil Service. 4. Parod . 6. The Russo-European Embroilment.- 6. {Vick- lilfe and his times-—'l‘his is an highly interest-

ing di uisition. . ‘ mpte‘e Positive Philoso- phy. The fact and principle of Christiani . . Contcmporar Literature. Those of t e

London Quarter y are :—l. The House of Com- mons. 2. Milmnn’s Latin Christianity. 3. he Drama. 4.ClaesicalDictionariee. 5. The Electric Telegra h. 6. Christianity in Mela- ncsian and New ea an . 7. Queen Elisabeth and her Favorites. 8. Lord Lyndhurst and the Eastern Question. These are both interesting publications, and we shall probably have occa- sion to refer to some of the articles in each.

TEMPEBANCE.

To rriit Eni-ton or llssnitifs Gazrrrx. Mr. Editor;

Sir,—Will you permit me through your columns, to enquire who are the persons that stand in the way of bringing the trade in alcohol within proper restrictions and limits? Are the not those who say, they can take it or let it alone, that it never does them’ any harm! I believe Sir, that these are the persons, and net the poor enslaved drunkards who were once as moderate drinkers as they are now, but who feeling the evil plight they are in. earnestly desire that this bane should be placed and kept out of their reach. How many of these mp- derate drinkers have said in eﬂ'set, " that their mountain was so ‘strong lliey never.could be moved, and who—had it even been hinted that they were in danger of becoming drunkards- would have iudignnntly re lied. “is thy eer- vant a do that he should 0 this 1" I.eay not- witlistan ing all this supposed security, how many of them have we seen brou ht dowp from a high standing in society, an even in the church of Christ, to the most abject state of miser and degradation, and ultimatel brou ht by this insidious foe to the drunks ‘s aw til death and hopeless ‘grave .

With not a few c these poor victims was the writer of this article acquainted! I shall for- l)eit.l', liotvever, “ to draw their memories from their di-end abode,” but is it not heart reading

to read and hear of the havoc, which this infa- mous trade in liquid poison, is Jnaltin in the world? We have it from ood authority that in Germany iilonc. Forty tiiousund dio annual- l oi deli:-iunr in-rnuts! and yet it is said, that in liiitain, inteinperiince prevails to 9. more fearful extent than in that Couiitry. What a wide spreading curse it is to the world! Here is a number of persons say at one of the diggiiigs’ in California. They are living in peace and good iiciglibourliood. The Sabl.-atli is observed with some degree of reverence. Perhaps one oftlic company will take out a bible, which had been put into his hand by his pious mother,

on his leaving home for that for Country, which he will read to his listening companions, and then they will join in singing one of “ Si0n'e songs" in that strange land. Ii and by,p iiicvccnary wretch.coiiics thither with intoxi- cating and maddening poison for sale, and Balxium like, puts a stumbling block in their way. The trade and drink, and one a another fa into the snare, and ninth the re- sult, the Sabhath is dcsccratcd and becomes a day ofrevclling, drunkenness and qusrrelling, wliilo lighting, manslauglitor and murder fre- quently onsuo.

But we must not, it is said b many, inter-

ifcrc with the social habits of tie people, let

tlieai perpetrate this base business with impu-