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E Perks &

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THK DAILY EXAM ibe | y ‘MARCH 23, 1899. ce THE “MEDDIE GALLANT CASE.

We bave neither time, space, nor in-

clination for a diecassion © s matter. Upon the announcement that Meddie Gallant had been diequal. fied from the

exercise of bis civil privileges we felt pity for the man; asd we are not disposed to dispute the conclusion of the judges who bave reversed the decision of the lower court in this regard,

The

that “the

makes it qaite

Guerdien says i

judgmeot sow rendered newspaper was that a full, confirm |

Our

clear that an even:ng

wrong ip Bench wovld Mr. Gallant’. coptempotary omits the Important words “provided that a case be maJje oul.” Two of our judges have found that the case was | not made ont. Thatisto say they bave reversed the decision of Mr. Justice Hod gson,whe beard ‘he evidence in the case and observed the demeanour of the wit- nesses, On aquestion not of law but of fact,

assuming neoeesarily

dieq ualification -

lo such a case, as arule, the judges of the higher court invariably sustaio the verdict of the Jower courts, unless such decision or verdict is contrary to reason and could not have been arrived at in a reasonable waye ‘The position, then, ie this: The judgea whodid not bear the witnerses, or observe how they gave their evidenee, have by reveraiug Mr. Justice Hodgson’s decision upon a question of fact, taken the reeponsibility ef declaring that their confrere’s judgment could not have been arrived at by any process of right reasoning. Will the peblic, whoknow Mr. Justice Hodg- for asbrewd and keen man,aman who has all bis Jife been accustomed se observe the demeanor of witnesses and weigh evidence, believe this?

It is admitted that Meddie Gallant

i bonded warehouse.

———

’ ed in favor of Liberals or Coneervativee or

on any question which either party has prcposed or carried out. Yet, Sir Wilfrid Laurier now sys

that the Government “ never had any in- tention of adopting prohibition unless a majority of the electorate proneuncel in favor of it.” This i@ not what Sir W lirid aaid before the Plebescite waa held. Speakiog to a deputation of prohibitionists waited him previous to the

who upon

genera! election, Sir Wilfrid said.—

‘He would pledge bis honor that, as soon a8 the Liberale came into power at Ottawa, they would take a pleb sciie of the Dominien, by which the party wouid stand, avd the will of the people would be carried out, even were it to cost power for ever to the Liberal party.”

These strong word; of the Premier were reported and quoted al! over Canada, aad were accepted in good taith. The Mon- treal Gazette in its edition of the 6th ot September, 1894, published this statement» with the following comment :

‘The declaration cirries the Libera!

| party turther than they have ever gove

before’ Mr. Laurier has cow promised that if @ majority can be obtain-e ed in . support of prohibition allover the Dominion prohibition wi'l be granted. This is one of the largest pro- mises ever made by a political leader. To bring & couatry, nearly the siz of Europe, uuder prohibition would be an achieve~ ment which should satisfy the most ex- treme of temperance enthusiasts.”

There waz no hint then about “ a ma- jority of the whole electorate.” The pro- bibitionists and their opponeote alike understood that by the plebiscite the “ wi] of the p2op's”’ would be expressed in the

customary waj—by a majority of the voters. A DISTINCTION---BUT

LITILE DIFFERENCE.

We confess to a mi3spprehension, in the first place, of the terms upon which the law+breaker at Cardigan obtained his It appears that he was not directly appointed bythe Dom-

negotiated with Colo Arsenault on election day, and immediately proceeded to Colo’s house to give three dollars vo his wife by the bands of a third person, while he remained in the wagon at the ga: ;— didn’t vote. Arsenault swore that the money was given to keep h'm from voting; Ga)lantswere that it was given asa loan. Mr. Just c Hodgson, who heard the evi- dence, accepted ment of the transaction and decided that there was personal bribery ; the Chief Justice and Mr. Ju-tice Fitzgerald have taken the responsibility of saying that the decision

Arsenault’s sia!

,

money paid was “a joan.’ doubt that the coneciencvee of al] are clear about the matter,and we koow that rea- sonable men wil! differ. hardly mecessary to add that this is a caee of which any intelligent man, conversant with election methods, is competent to

judge

a

SIR WILFRID AND THE PLEBISCITE.

SirWilfrid Laurier asserted in Parliament» a day or two ago, that the Liberal party never had “any intention of adopting pro- hibition unless a majority of the electorate pron ounced in favor of it.” That is to eay, Prohibition was to be submitted toa test which bas never,in Canada, been appliedto any politica) party o: avy political pro- position. Amejor ty of the whole electo- rate of the country has never yet pronounc”

—_——~~- ——

was net consistent with reason, and that the | We bave no}

It ie, perbeps, } |

| ion Government; he was only permitted to have it. The permission could have been | refused. Mr. Scrimgeour, living in 4 | Scott Act county, has obtainel from the

a ’ ~~ | Goverament the advantage of being able and then Colo (who was » Concervative) |

ioteke to his premises thousands of dollars worth of alcohcl c liquor, to have it there at hand, and to pay the duty on it oxly as is used by the customers of hie ‘illict trade. From a temperance and | moral point of view the Government’s | granting of his application for a bonded warehouse is more injurious, avd more to

be deprecate?’, than his appointment as a warehouse keeper wovll have

:

|

bonded

| been. The best }

}

eentimentof tie som- munity has coodewn d the liquor traffic: the Jaw But the Govero- ment of the country permits Mr. Scrim- geour to import Ii\quor by wholesale into | the, midst of the community and allows him to have a bonded wa:ehouse upon |hisowa premises from which be can | draw it ashe celle it, and pay the daty by |retail. This a fact. We have no doubtthat the Patriot was actu-

ated by right motives in correcting Tue

ExAMINER’S mi3apprehension. But cer-

tainly it has not bettered the position of the Government in respect tothe mat-

ter. _————> > 2+ Read the very fiae concert programme in avother column. Itis brimfull of | highly interesting musical matter,

forbids jt.

scandalous

200 suits of meas overalls pants and jackets $1 00 a suit aud upwards.—J. B. | Macdonalp & Co.

comfortable at all times. We think a'l you requir

HOMESMAKERS......

7

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e are good up-to-date MAT-

TRESSES ~— the kind we make end rell—yoi'll have the com fort, and by buying from us you’)] save mcney.

‘Mark Wright & Co, Ltd

| sary to the orcnard as ove uf stone to our

i

| Yellow Transparent and Red Astrachen.

FRUIT GROWER’S MEETING. Mr. Stewart's Paper and Mr. Dickie’s ) Address.

SOME THINGS ESSENTIAL TO SUCOESS IN FRUIT GROWING.

Mr H. A. Stewart here read @ paper besring upon the question under discus- sion, After a few introductory remarks he said:

What are some of the essentials under- lying the successful growing of fruit? The first, [ would say, is the proper preparation of the soil. This is a foundation as veces-

dweilings. ti is necessary, that | wouldgay, **Don’t order yourtrees until the laud is properly prepared.” Too many have the hast of orderiag trees at sghapbazard, trees which they have no intention ot buy-~ ing when they awoke in the morning, buat were persuaded into doing so by some oily- tongued tree agent, who, perchance, had come from abroad to sel! bis wares, irres - pective of their adaptation to our climate, and then go, probably never to return,

FU

The soi) should receive a thorough cultiva

the trees. I think that is agood plan not to yrow avy mature crop. Plough and cultivate the land several times during the first part of the summer, each time going deeper. Thia will cause the weed seeds to

germinate and save much labor in after years. About the middle of July, buckwheat cas be sown

thickly, and when it comes isto blossom, turn it uader, This will leave the soil iv excellent tilth for the nex: spriag’s planting. able, it 1s wel), at the same tinse, to work a considerable quaotity into the soil, as this adds humus and also helps the soil mechanically. Having properly prepared our land, we can proceed to plant with the cossciousneas of duty done. Thesoil pre- pared, the next esential is the suitable selection of varieties. Here a d ftisul'y confronts us, effect, not only one, but many years. For a commercial orchard, we must plant, not only what will succeed here, Lut aleo what will suit the taste of the English bu_e-. Do not pay much attention to the beauti- ful pictures shown by the tree-agent, bui look areuad and select those kinds which do best ia your Vicinity, under similar conditions, as regards eoil and exposure. At the same time get al! the informatien you can from the officers and repo-ts of the experimental station, not forgetting te become a member of the Fruit Growers’ Association, and attend its meetings. Even this, in our present condition as an apple- growing country, is not suffisient.

of Nappan, because of their adaptability to those places, may not succeed here.

l-have had an instance in my experience with the Gideon, an apple highly recom-

Farm, While it is Showy apple and

Central a fioe

as it becomes watery in the heart, which destrove it keeping qualities. Upon aek- ing Professor Craig, wien here eome two or three years ago, asto the cause of this, he said, “that, while a’ O.tawa aod many

soils 1. was not.” experience, and from that of o hers, don’t

the Wealthy and I think a good deai of it.

which may be ove of its faults, bat thie can beovercome by judicious thivning.

permaturely falls owing tothe length of its stems; but IT bave not been troubled with it in this way. In Ontario itis clase- ed as a fell ap; le, but in our ci mate it may be placed as a wister one. Ofthe Alex- ander[ have ovlya few trees and find them somewhat shy-bearers, although in other erchards I have eeen this tree well loaded with fruit. Tere seems to be no apple, atthe present time, to take the place of the much-abused Ben Davis. Itis true, that,asa deseert or cooking apple it not of the best, but it tearing and keeping qualities will class Al. ltisa vigorous upright grower, and the fruit willeclor we lin our climate, The spy

ihe use of plantingif you never expect to reap? And even if you do, it will be after many years of waiting and then with very emallreturns. For early apples, I think we have no better than the Duchess,

This question of variety brings before us an interesting subjec: for discussion. How are we going to decide which is the best ? True, we can experiment.’ But who are going to experiment. All who grow fruit can, to a Certain extent. Bat experiments iu fruit take many years. I believe that those which are carried on for the public good should be at the public expense. Seeing that the fruit industry is, as yet, in its infancy, and avery large majority of our farmers did not know what to plant, the government should come to the front and establish a Fruit Experimental Sta- tions or stations. Stations similar to those in Qatario could be cheaply worked, and wonld be a great boon to our farmera.

The intending fruit-grower having, afver very careful consideration, decided as to varieties, the third essential.to suc cess will be the proper planting and after- care of the young orchard. As an obeer- vant fruit-grower travels through the country he will notice that but few trees are properly planted. They are set as delivered from the nursery, without any attentionto pruning. In many cases they are planted, ove might say, with the under- standing that they were totake care of tnemselves, As to distance apart, there is quite a difference in opinion, but I think that they should be at least from twenty- four to thirty feet each way, according to varietye

I planted & sma'l orchard in 189)—18 feet each way, which is entirely too close,

and King are better apples; but what is

tion the year previous to the setiing out of | ‘

|

hen swamp muck ie avail-.

A mistake made here, will | Cranberry Culture.

Tae } in, apples grown by our limi.ed number of} Three growers may not be the best; and those | of recommended by the Central Farm and that | following

mended by Professor Craig, late of the| town, and obtained prizes. They are of | the Bell and Cherry varities. a good | ed bis cranberry bearer, our soildoes not seemtosn't it,| | arrowing the land aod planting the vines.

|

; i }

i

other places it was a success, in other | I would say. from my |

| | |

i

Another fault claimed for u,is, thatit| P, KE.

as some of the branches are aiready, als

|

mo:t touching. Since that time I have planted 24 feet each way. I have trees which were planted twenty-six years age at 24 feet, with the branches enterlacing In the di-cussion, this afierooon, 1 would like t» hear the opinion on this subject of the frait-growers present. The orchard ebould be kept cultivated at least for «ix or eight vears after planting, seme grow-~ ers advocating ithe cultivation for even many more years, This can only be done when (be treesare planted a good distance a art. After the orchard comes into bearing, fertil.zers must be applied, totake the piace of those exbausted in fruit pro- ductien,

‘The ploughing under of soiling crops will helptoadd humus totieroil. The grower will fiod that it 1 aselesstotry to raise fruil withont several sprayings each season. The formulaand time for domg this can be bad by referring to the Experi- mental Farm Reports. I have jotted these few rambling thoughts, not forthe pur- pose for imparting information, fer I am well aware that lam addreseing men who are well up in the fruit business, but for the purpose of opening up a discussion, believing that, in considering those matters much information will be communicated o the society. Ia conclusion, permit me to say, that there are rearons, other than the money consideration, which should lead ue to plant orchards. They tend to beautify our homesteads. Nothing tends to make our homes more attractive than trees or flowers, Early

~

November, 10s, 114, 13, per bushel, 4 rries are put up io owes b 1 The freigat und char pr to 70 ceute.

a

g°s, per box, amount ;

Mr. Geo. Gof—How i in dressing ? mech ond Mr. Dickie—Three, four or five inches, 3

oad J. A Ferguson —Is shore sand

: eS a sand is beat, e President—When de i ; san O you begin to Mr. Dickie—About the 20th ’ 3 of Septem. | Question—When do you set plants ? . — Mr. Dickie - We begin setting out inthe & spring; aod they may be set ott tll Jue They may alxo be set out ip the : 4 Cranberries may be propagated from the | seed. But it is beter to get viney and piant carefully. , After come further converration, Dickie took his seat amid applause, *

2

Sec.

NES OS CE OE Pa

il

—AS A-

associalions have av influence in moulding character. How important, then, that where our cbildrea spend their meet im- pressive years, should be brightand ae tractive. As cur young people leave the parental home to make one for themselves, perhaps in some distant Jand, their

memory will often revert to the old apple- ;

tree under which they played as children.

——

CRANBERRY CULTURE.

Mr. C. R. Dickie then deliveree @ very interesiing and instructive address on He eaid that abeut iwenty years ago, when clearing a piece of land, he noticed on one spot a little piot of cranberry vines. The jand hai been o2- cupied by stunted spruce. Ite surface was covered with a few inches ef black mud, moss, ete., under which was 3 white sandy loam. Afier clearing, he ploughed it and sowed cate. The next autumn he found that the cranberry vines were spreading and seemed to be thrifty and strong. He ploughed the land agais, end sowed it down; but s:ill tbe vines came up. Hay was cut tbe following year. Seeing, then, that the crapberries were worth pickir g, he had the plot upoa which they grew feaved The vines spread and flourished. years later, nineteen quarts cranberries were picked. The year there were two bushels, and the next year seven burh ls. Soon he obtained twenty bush- bels. He showed his cranberries at the exhibitions in Summereide and Charloite~

He enlarge- borders, ploughing aad

Un the old bed, in ove year, he picked sixty bushe., which were sold at $2.50 per bushel. Since then he has obtamed from the eniarged plot 100 bushels in ene year. In 1t93 he began shipping to E g- land. There was much d filsulty in mking the shipments and the conditions Os board the steamers were such they

plautthe Gideon. Ihave bee piantiog | could not reach the market in good condit-

ion. Sill they bave ecliin England at

It is ashowy apple and a prolific bearer, 25 more than those of Cape Cod, and Te

inore than those of Holland. It has thus been proved that we can grow, in

Islaed, cranberries cf extra good qualiy. A few years ago

a doctor from Massachusetts, greatly in- terested ia cranberry culture, came to see his plante. Oa approaching the plot, he enquired “Where’s the bog ;” when be saw where the cranberries were growing and what crop there was, he would hardly be lieve the evidence of his senses, and ex- claimed, “You’ve knocked out ail my theories.” Oo threes synare yards,a half bushel of cranberrigg had been picked. This was at the rate of 808 bushels to the acre; and Mr. D.ckie did not think it im- pssthle that an acre weuld produce that quantity. The point ie, for our farmers to util zethe Jand at the bottom of val leys at the elges of brooks, in the cultiva- tion of cranberries, Such low swampy land is of the best quality for cranberry culture. Have the land cleared, prepared aod sanded #0 as to level it up. The brook may be straightened and a dam

thrown across it su aa to raise the water high enough to cover the plants weli in the winter. it wonld be

well to regulate the dam eo that the height of the water may be regulated as required, The next point isto plant the vines. As mavy as 42,000 vines may bs planted on an acre. They should be planted lft by 2ft. apart; for if so planted they will bear loager. The next point is to raise the water to a height of about two feet above the surface until aboutthe tenth of May. Then let the water off and the plants wil] grow. If the weather sbonld be hot in summer the water should bes raised a little and it will do the plants good. They wil) yield nicely in fouror five years. As an illustration of the extent to which cranberries are cultivated ia the States he migbt say that Mr. J.J. White, grew last year, 15,000 bushels, which, at $2 came to the tidy sum of $30 000. Other individuals had grown 20,000 bushels. In the States there were yrown akout 8)v,000 bushels a year off 43,000 acres of land. If we would but put all our waste swamp under cranberries, a considerable amount would be obtained for those engaged in the work emi for the province at large. He had taken $300 nett off two acres of land; and the greatest trouble was te ae that the fence was all right.

The President asked, “how about weeds ?”

Mr. Dickie replied that there was no need to bother about them. Moes is injur- ious; but sanding will kill the mose,

As to prices, the quotations were is

Pte

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Card of Thanks

a + \e Ed

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a

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March 16 —dawits