“'1 Authorised an Sooourl (Jinn Moll,

THE GUARDIAN,

CI-IARLOTTETOWN

AUGUST so. 1949

THE GUARDIAN

Morning Dolly (Pounded la I881) Poll Otfloo

Department, Ottawa. The Iolnurl Guardian Publishing Co. Ilrlltor and Managing Director, J. it.’ Barnett. Annclulo Editor, Fronts Walker.

"The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest Ink"

CI-IARLOTTETOWN. TUESDAY. AUGUST 30. I940 Mr. Pearson's Address

Reference was made recently in these col- umns toian address by Hon. L. B. Pearson, Min- ister for External Affairs, which attracted re- latively little attention but which was important as defining a new attitude to Dominion-provin- cial relations. In reviewing the‘ background of this problem, Mr. Pearson said the clear inten- tion of the Fathers of Confederation was that "a genuine balance" should be maintained be- tween the federal and provincial governments. "We cannot achieve the proper balance," he said, "between federal and provincial govern- ments by any single definition of responsibility which will be valid for all time." What is need- crl, he maintained, is "continual process of ad- justment between federal and provincial gov- ernments."

This definition, with tho omphasis on the word "continual," implies a continuous process of bringing the relationships of federal and pro- vincial governments into a working basis, Add- czl significance to Mr. Pearson's statements on this subject has been by reason of reports that he is being groomed to succeed Mr. St. Laurent es Prime Minister.

Britain's Predlcament

Official figures on Britain's exports in July, as just issued, provide a good rough measure- ment of the crisis through which the country has been passing during the last few months. July exports totalled $566 millions. This figure is $6.8 million less than that of May. The daily rate of exports in July was 6 1-2 per cent. below the May figure and 9 per cent. less than in June.

July imports amounted to $746 millions, $60.8 millions below the record in June. Consid- ering invisible factors in trade it is estimated that the over-all, unfavorable balance in July was $162.8 millions as against $216.8 millions in June. More serious, however, is the still larger unbalance in Britain's trade with the dollar area. The deficit here for the first half of the present year was $940 millions. lt would certainly bc worse in the second half but far the further re- ductions in British imports now planned.

From the figures it is clear that the moior factor in Britain's problem is not tho overall unbalance in trade, heavy as that is. It could be rectified, perhaps, by general reductions in im- ports from the world at large without intolerable damage. But under present conditions there ap- pears to be no chance of cutting down the huge unbalance of trade with the dollar area except by such a cut in imports as would not only cla- mage the living standard of Britain but might leave its factories idle from lack of raw materials which can be obtained only in the dollar area. That is the nub of the problem which will be faced by Britain, the United States and Canada at their Washington conference in September.

Larger Insurance Benefits

As a result of the increased life ...surance protection in force, Canadians are being paid larger sums in benefits. The Canadian Life In- surance Officers Association today announced that, in the first six months of 1949, living policy- holders and the beneficiaries of deceased policy- holders in Canada rec'eived in death claims and other benefits more than $105,000,000, an in- crease of 7.14 per cent over the some period of 1948, when nearly $98,000,000 was distribut- ed. It is interesting to note, says the Association that the benefits paid in the period under re- view approximate the income of the life insur- ance companies operating in Canada for the en- tire year of 1920. Payments to policyholders and beneficiaries, the Association says, are the current benefits people get from their life in- surance progroms, most of'which were set irp in past years, as each year, many life insurance policies become payable. More than 61 per cent of all life insurance payments in tho first half of 1948 went to policyholders themselves, through matured endowments, disability benefits, annuity payments, surrender values and dividends to policyholders. The remainder was paid in death benefits to beneficiaries.

liew Atlas For Canada

A ioint effort of all government hlort- menls at Ottawa is being mad-o to prepare a new atlas of Canada. Tho geographical bureau, De- partment of Mines and Natural Resources, is in charge of co-ordination, The new atlas will not be ready for perhaps four or five years, but when finished, it will be as complete as any in tho world.

Tho first Canadian atlas was published in 1906. It had to be revised in I915, the chief change being tho extension of Manitoba and Ontario to the western shoro of Hudson Bay. The 19l5<atlos shows Labrador as mostly in Canada, and dopicts tho soparato railway lines that later merged into the Canadian National Railways. Tho population, mineral and forost rogourcos sections oro guito inadequate to 1949 conditions and knowlodgo. Much ‘more is Irnown, too, of tho physical footuros of Canada — heights, wat- ersheds, depths of coastal waters, tho Arctic achipologo. In fact, olmostovorything will have fo lio changed oxcopt coastal and provincial boundaries. And with tho addition of Nowfound- fond, ovon thoso oro not tho samo.

Although Canada's atlas is so out-of-doto, tho country nood not fool bodiy. Tho United Stotoo and lolgliiin have no atlases or all, al- thoo‘ tho" ll. S. does him an agricultural nt-

, lo working on o complete atlas, node's. Britain has no notional ot-

' worlilng on one. Tlio world's i ...- intestine

1947, when after the war the country had to pre- pare one because of the new boundaries. Two of the best atlases in the world are considered to be those of France and the Soviet Union, with the latter, issued in 1939, perhaps having the edge for detail and thoroughness.

EDITORIAL NOTES

Island plums follow fast on the heels of Island apples on the market. There should be a popular demand for them.

i i i

The country ‘is looking magnificent with its coils of golden grain, here, there and everywhere, though rain is badly needed for pasture and potatoes.

n o o

Noah's Ark occupies a good deal of space in the papers just now, Even its possible discovery is hardly more important than its being sought by American scientists with Russian approval.

The National Film Board wants a status similar to that of the C.B.C., without, it is to be hoped, the control over the industry generally of that body.

n w w

Our visitors, new quitting our shores after a delightful vacation, are loud in their apprecia- tion of the Island beautiful, and its friendly hospitably disposed people, not to montion its

horses and racing.

o w

Mother's allowances are being paid as of the 1st of this month. As a means of relieving the bereaved mothers it is admirable but exper- ience elsewhere shows that such measures do not increase the marriage or birth rates.

. . .

That was some feat of Miss Evelyn Henry swimming all the way from Brighton to Kep- poch, a distance of over three miles in two hours. This is an outccme of the featuring of swimming instruction by the Red Cross, and no doubt there will be other long distance competi-

tions next summer. w

w o

At last the Department of Transport is doing something about static-producing types of home appliances. Existing sources of interfer- ence remain unchecked but the Department is measuring the interference created by hundreds of kinds of newly-manufactured and some old appliances at London, Ontario.

Y I i

During‘ the first part of this year 16,238,267 lib. of bone-in beef and veal and 4,203,073 lb. of boneless were exported to the U. S. according to the Dominion Livestock and Meat Trade Re- port. Comprised principally of beef the export is estimated as equivalent to approximately 45,000 head of cattle.

iii o

We note by the Financial Post that the Canadian Hansard Society has collapsed. It is a pity that so worthy an enterprise should be so short lived. The encouragement of the read- ing of Hansard is now left to the efforts of teach-

ers and other individuals. i

r: o-

An American contemporary notes that edu- cationists and scientists forsee a city of the fu- ture that is star-shaped and has a population of 50,000. It would consist of a trading area at the centre with residential areas at the points and would minimize the effect of atomic bombs. Except for the last point, Charlottetown seems well on its way towards achieving such character- istic without benefit of planning.

Our youngsters travel nowadays compared with "before time." We have girls describing in vivid language their visit to the Toronto exhi- bition, and a young air cadet graphically re- lating his flight experiences to England, Wales, Scotland and Iceland. There never was a bet- ter time to be young in the Island than the present, both for those who stay at home, and those having the opportunity to go abroad and see how "the other half" live.

‘A’ it i

Charlottetown has lost a fine type of citi- zen in the late retired Fire Chief Thomas Rana- lian, who passed away yesterday at the advanced age of eighty-eight. He had a long and meritor- ous record of service in the Fire Department, as well as in the promotion of sports of all kinds, including a term as president of the Abegweit Amateur Athletic Association in the early days when numerous Maritime track and field champ- ionships were held by Island athletes. Chief Ranahan was of a kin-dly and genial nature, and all who knew him admired and appreciated his

stirling qualities.

vi t

Lieut. Col. Sir John l-larvey, deputy adju- tant general to the British forces in Canada, visited hero this date 1836. Next year he was gazetted Lieut. Governor of New Brunswick, which position he held till 1841 when ho was promoted Lieut. Governor of Newfoundland. Five years later he became Lieut. Governor of Nova Scotia. In this capacity it fell to him to intro- duce, in its full form, the principle of responsible government in the Maritime Provinces. He died in Halifax on March 22, 1852. He had served in the army longer than any other officer in British North America, with one exception. He entered as on ensign in 1794, and had risen to tho rank of Lieut. General at the time of his death. ‘

I I I

The International Festival of Music and Drama in Edinburgh, now running its third sea- son, will draw some 240,000 people to Scotland's historic capitol city. This constitutes a record attendance, being 10 per cent greater than lost year and 38'por cent bigger than during tho- first season. Thoro will be two musical world premieres as well as two world drama promieros during tho Festival. Musical works are a piano concerto by Ernest Block and a cello concerto by Martinu. Plays being given their first pres- entation oro a modern comedy by tho distin- guished British poet T. S. Eliot, and o drama by Potor Ustinov. Tho Bicentenary of Goothc‘s birth hos inspired what will be one of the Festival's highlights. Tho Dusseldorf Thcatro Company

n! reenter f!!!" isfi-aro .

%e * i

A SUMMER STORM Last night n storm fell on the world F10!" helBhts o! drought and heat, Th! 5R5)’ clouds for weeks were

Iurled, air could only sway and beat.

The

The The

beetles clatl-ered at. the blind. hairvks fell twangirrg from the sky. t

west unrolled o feathery wind. the night. fell sullcnly.

The And The storm leaped roaring from its lair.

the shadows of doom, poignard lightning searched the air,

thunder ripped the shattered gloom.

The rain came down with s roar like fire,

Full-voiced and clamorous and deep. The weary world had its heart's de-

sire, And fell asleep,

-Duncan Campbell Scott. taQ-oo-gyn Old Charlottetown

(And P. I‘. I.)

FIRST PAPER MONEY

The first Instance of any inton- iion or tlesirc- to rnuke rm issue of Paper Money on the Island is to he found ln a speech of Lieutenant Governor Fanning. addressed to the General Assembly in Novem- ber, 1700:

"Amidst. the general harmony of (he country, and (hose sources of circaurngcmcnl, ~3l."., (he inconveni- ence of a want nf cash, or some circulating medium, to facilitate the intercourse of dealings among themselves, seems ta he a diffi- culty very generally felt. and la- mented. I therefore think it. u duly (n rccammentl (o your ric- Iiborntion, in order to remedy (lie tleficieiicy complained of, (he ex- pediency of framing n Law, for emitting (to a certain limited amount) Bills or Debentures which may he voluntarily accepted by creditors of the public, and made a legal tender to the Treasurer of (his Government, for the rliscimrxre of any Inland Dulles, Taxes, or other debts whatsoever, dun tr). and payable at the Public Tren- sury." '

In conformity with the above regulations, a low was enacted. authorizing the omission of n cer- tain amount of these Bills, but, at (he next meeting of the Legisla- ture in 1792, two years hnvlnr: elapsed, we find the fnllmviirg pose-nae in Governor Fnnninrfs Speech:

"The late Act of the General As- sembly not having afforded that. relief, or proved that efficient sub- stitute for the want of a circulat- lnrz currency as was wished for. nnri expected, and which the sta- tute of the Island required. nnri (he form nl their circulation np- proaching fr) an and, when the holders nf (hr-m nrirl Government Wzirrnnls on the Treasury must be paid in rash, it becomes (he rluty of the present Scssinns to turn their attention towards the slate of the Public Revenue, and to de- vise nnrl adapt the proper ways nnri moans for satisfying the de- mands of the public creditors, and supporting the public faith and credit of the rzovernment,"

It is evident from this extract. that two years of experience had sufficed to show the Lieutenant. Governor the deiusive nature of unexchnrigcnblo paper money, and the remainder of his speech is oc- cuplorl in detailing the views which he entertained for the Introduction nf n circulation of Species, (he nd- vantages of which would be, that lt would enable the Tenant to pny his rents, and tho Farmer, the Merchant, and the Labourer would (hereby he excited to redouble diligence from n certainty of re- celvini: In Cash, the reward of their labours and the spirit of their industry. to their Infinite on- courriizament, and to the universal benefit.

-Rr~pari of n Commission rip- polnted by Lieutenant Governor Huntley to examine lntn all mrit- tr-rsi connected with the shite of the currency of Prince Edward Island, 1847, ‘

The Age-Old siiirv g

Ivan Ion will I bring to My iioly mountain, and make them joyful In My house of prayer. then burnt-offerings. and their sacrifices shall hr. accepted unnn Mine altar: far Mine house shall be called n lrguee of prayer for all ,eople.

CANTON BEACHES OLD DAG-E

OHAMBLY. Que. -— 0P) — This canton will take three days off in early september to mark the 294th anniversary of its founding and thi- 100th anniversary of its incorpor- ation. Ceremonies will also com- memnrate the Montreisl-Chombly roam-the oldest in Canada and the one used hv invading American troops lri 1775,

AAAAAQAALLLAAAAAAAAAAA

"Clslropocllot For l-‘oot Ailments

‘ollltlllf . ll. J. A. llltllfl.» l. P. orthopedic

m arms doom ltroot

CIIABLOITITOWN. on.

Bundle

For Sormiio

PUBLIC FURUM

This column ls open lo the discussion by correspondents ul questions of interest. The ' Guardian dues not necessar-

; fly endorse the opinion of @ correspondent; I -e/-€.0~'s.e/o»-“»s~,:xr> 11-: ~10 c»

.

HARRINGTON INSTITUTE PUT IT OVER!

Sim-On the evening of’ the 24th nll roads lcd to Harrington I-lall. A chicken dinner was the attrac- tion, and this was served up In a way that would tempt. the palate o! the most fastidious. Even a connoisseur of good food would be left expresslonless.

In the hall two long tables, (imp- ed with snowy white linen, and de- corated with suTet-peas were laden with the utmost in culinary art. This vras. no Barmeclde feast. platters of delicious cooked ham and tender chicken appeared as though by thr- magic of n genll. Bowls of salad of various kinds. fringed with crisp lettuce, were flanked with plates of cucumber and tempting sliced tomatoes, to- gether with dishes of pickles and chow. flaky (on biscuits vied with cookies and shortbread. (lint melt- ed in the mouth. and the pies uiere-"out of (his world." Iced cakes placed an the tables at ln- tervals, showed the care of crafts- men 1n cusini accomplishment. and looked ilS though the ovens of Harrington had turned out these dainty morsels specially for a wedding feast.

The needs of the many patrons who found such inward satisfac- tion, were catered to by the ladies 0f (he Harrington Wo en's Ln- stltute-"Gori bless hmw-nnd un- der the Capable mnnnzr-ment and watchful ayes of this bevy of busy ladies the wants of everyone were taken care of in a friendly and charming manner. Harrington may well be those who fumlshcd the delicacies which ensured oppetizlrlg and satisfying success. Good luck, Harrington Women's Institute! we all want. to come

proud of tempting such an

United Kingdom Exports To Canada

(United Kingdom ntformatlon Office)

The Aeoounfs of Trade 5M1 Navigation of the United K1118" dam published on July 22nd show that. the roast eon between "'1' um Kingdom imports from. and exports to CBTIBGIB for who firs! six months of this year was £57.- 500000 ($230,000,000) against. over 283,000,000 ooaawoww In m” same period of last year.

Coal exportswo Colmda 3°") January to July of this Ye" B" 100,000 tons (va-lue-Jlolfifilio) ($1- oscooo) are WOII up on the 84i°°° tons in the came perl0d of 115l- year.

Raw wool exports this July‘ “We more than double tho“ °1 1"‘ July in volume and value. and "w silk also showed an increase-

Unlted Kingdom china and por- celain and pottery exports to Cun- ada. at. 2,701 cwt.., valued at £150.- 000) this July were up 20% in vol- ume and about 17% in value over last July's figures, and plate and sheet gloss export-s were also high-

er.

This July the United Kingdom sent. Canaan 2,936 00ml of thick steel places and sheets - Over ll" times the figure for last. July. and the total ol 22,000 tons in the first. seven months of this year is over 10 times the tonnage of the same period of Ill-Sf. yeor- This July Britain sent. Canada B total o! 7.703 tans 0f iron and steel and their manufactures, compared Wll-h 4,000 tons lastgiily.‘

From January to July of this year the United X10800") h" ‘em’ Canada just under 22.000000 (83.- 000,000) worth of non-ferrous met- four times the comparable 1948 figure,

Electric goods and apparatus oontmued m show i. slsnlflsmt-

back aim-and skip at lea-cl’- 0M meal, ‘In preparation, when that. opportunity presents itself. I I am. Sir. etcr.

JOHN 11.. LAMONT CANRBELL

llYllblilllll 8i

Insurance

Offices: Charlottetown

IT'S GOOD POLICY

to bra-adequately Insured... All lines of Insurance effected.

00. LIMITCII

Since 1812

Our experience of over three quarters of a century, n 1n.

our-once Underwriters, lo at your disposal,

ALLISON P. McLEAN-Bloklot Managua a lunuuoroldo CYRUS A. B, SHAW-District Manager at Montague THOMAS llfeAVINN-Spoclul Bopnaontaflvo F. L. llfac-NUTT-Boprocantotlve at Konolngmn. I-l. T. MYERS-Jteprcoontotlvo at Elrnodolo EARLE S. JELLEY-Bcprosentotlva at Olen,

Agents Throuahout Tlvi Province

ALLA¢AL¢¢VVVII ‘ALA

“LADY

Tonnage: Registered No. 111.900 Engines: B. II. P.r 480.,

icons-rm

Tonnage: 114.48 Grooo Begiotnrod No. III-ID Enllnoo: B. II. l’.f MO.

tho offer, must _bo oflolosoil with For odilmoool Informing alllpo, opply one uouoaolgnoa

sures lion some‘

‘ CECIL" 400.4! Grooo Tons;

Quebec Dleool Inllfbonh Moray’

Quebec. Dloool Fairbanks

Tendon f lo of Id hl will ............. dfiifnwils? d‘... 1.3. i "° '°°°'"“ "’ “° . A ooroltlod ohoguo, to thootrlor of tho traotooo of I05 of

annuals-magnum, 04., angina-final: noon-r, on, us as. Polos- 541005001550.

lU-fl Registered

mnurr Tomi ma: nogimroa,

Mono.

tho tender. , nréluoaolsortntlon on vim up

als and their manufactures - over v

rise In the value exported from‘

— Notes By

England hla been woefully lock- ing In bees for pollination pur- poses, so a ton of them was flown over by plane from Amsterdam. When asked how many been made up n ton, the hortlculturlstn said 3,000,000. It was also explained that honey in B pound 11m‘ PEP"- sentl the concentrated essence of about 60.000 flowers, Involving be- tween 2,000,000 and 3,000,000 visits by bees. A good hive yields about sixty pounds of honey n year. N0 wonde the life span of the aver- age worker bee ls not much lanf-I" or than alx weeks. -— Lei-tel‘ In New York Sun. '

There lo little enough sign that. the (British) working population has grasped the undoubted serious- ness of the (financial) situation and the equal certainty that, with hard work, a way cnn be found out of it. Most. of the remedies re-

the United Kingdom to Canada. as did many types of machinery such as metalworking machine tools, cranes, sewing machines and tex- tile machinery: this ‘July's flEur-es o! 1,200 tons of machinery worth £453,000 ($1,832,000) were Increases over last July's figures.