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PAGE FOUR

THE GUARDIAN

Ieenlag Dally (Ieaaded In Ill!) Lather-land u lleaoad Clue loll. Pass Office Department, Ottavrn

- The lelndtflaardlren Pahllatslng 0e. Idltur and Managua; Utreoter. J. ts. lsarnetss

Aeeoolale Idltor, Inn! Walker

f’The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest Ink."

TUESDAY, SEPT. l4, 1948

Cl-IAKLOTTETOWIIV.

Defense Plans All-Important“

A welcome visitor to his native Province at all times is Major General Weeks, Adjutant General of Canada's Army, who on this occas- ion has drawn attention to one of our most pressing requirements. This is the need of building up Canada's reserve forces as a first line of defense. lt is part of a continent-wide programme about which, doubtless, much more will be heard in the next few weeks and months. Quite recently the defense plans of Canada and the United States have been re- viewed and brought more clearly into a com- mon agreed pattern. Mr. Forrestal, U. S. de- fence secretory, has visited Ottawa and in re- turn Mr. Claxton, Canada's Defense Minister, has epoken at Ogdensburg, heme of the his- toric agreement which set up a joint defense ooard for this continent.

These common defense plans were begun before the last war, and were given internation- al prominence by President Roosevelt in his emphatic pledge that the U. S. would not stand idly by if Canada were attacked. (‘This was followed by Prime Minister King's pled-ge for Canada that "enemy forces, should not be able to pursue their way either by land, sea or air ro the U. S. across Canadian territory." These general principles were translated into actual aolicies in the Ogdensburg agreement, which is still in force, being rounded out by new mili- rary understandings.

Two new features of the plans are report- rdly being developed. One provision is for quick mobilization of industrial strength and agree- ment on common standards for military weapons. This project will be aided by the Canadian Ordnance Association and the new Industrial Defense Board, which serve to keep leaders of Canadian ‘industry in touch with the military needs and plans of the Government in clearly defined ways.

There is also the need of fitting our de- fense plans intothe broader concept of West- ern Union, to which the Dominion Government is pledged. Neither Canada nor the United States has yet given a definite military gudr- anteo tg the nations of western Europe to join them in opposing a war of aggression, but talks leading to the conclusion of such a treaty have already token place in Washington, London and 'Paris. Although no official statement has been mode, it is being reported from Ottawa that Mr. Claxton and Mr. Forrestal found time to consider this question, at least-in broad outline, and to make the combined strength of Canada and the U. S. a still greater asset in the strug- gle for collective security.

lt need scarcely lie pointed out that the whole success of these plans, so far as Canada is concerned, rests upon the building of pro- perly trained and adequate defense forces. Pub- lic support should be given unstintedly to this campaign. lt'is the best insurance policy we can take out against a recurrence of war and blood- shed. lf anything is sure in this uncertain world it is that the next war, should it come, will not allow for slow improvisation. The blow will fall quickly, and with stunning effect. Being pre- pared is o matter of such plain common sense that it should appeal to the most peace-loving citizen as on obvious and urgent necessity.

0. 0. F. llot llatlonal

"To continue to describe the C. C. F. group as a national political party is nothing but non- sense, (says the Sydney Post-Record). It has often been said that neither of the major pol- itical parties can win power in Canada without a substantial representation from Quebec. What then may be said of a group aspiring to be’ o party which cannot elect a single candidate in Quebec, New Brunswick, Pi-ince Edward lsland or Alberta, or get enough votes to save a de- posit in half the. contests in the other 5 Prov- laces?

"But there is one thing these C.C.F.-Social- ists can do till the last gasp. They'can con- tinue their nuisance activities on the political stage as long as there is o kick left in them, enticing enough ill-balanced and uninformed electors to waste their votes on them, so es to lrovent the possibility of a clear-cut verdict by I majority of the people on real national issues. Fortunately, however, the nuisance potential of this curious cult is manifestly diminishing, and It is doubtful whether it will serve as on exhaust for enough wasted ballots in the next Federal election-fa nullify the popular will. Following the Maritimes and QuebecgAllgerta has help- ed to make this abundantly elear.

Mr. Ills; 0e Geasiselsil

These who profess to see in Communism- eomething more desirable than the conditions prevailing ln even the mast backward Christian lands-and Protestant clergy-men ‘are some- fimfl egmpred to give utterance to such opin- ionsé-wolldgle well to ponder the warning “hid _ that meet cautious of men, Prime lng. Here, fer the record, are his v “raisiveiced at the meet convention at the l. Party in Ottawa: . ‘ y;

"Communism le-ithe greatest menace of our

' more than ell else, "treerlem of in- . It is the ' pppeal is lt marches

their chains. It speaks in the name of enlarged opportunity and increased security. lt asserts that its aim is world unity. Jt is, in reality, none of these. The immediate purpose of Communism is the complete control of the individual in the name of the State. lts ultimate aim is world domination. Beneath its mask are concealed the secret police, slave labour, and the concen- tration camp.

"lt may be that, at any hour, the free na- tions may be called upon again, as twice al- ready they hove in the course of a single gen- eration, to defend Freedom, not with their poli- cies only, but with their lives. Nations have yet to decide which is to prevail-the law of blood and of death, ever imagining new means of destruction, and forcing nations to be constant- ly ready for the battlefield; or the law of peace. work and health, ever evolving new means of delivering man from the scourges which beset him. Mankind has still to discover whether violent conquest or the relief of Humanity is to triumph in the end. . ."

~ EDITORIAL

NOTES -

Tourists and other visitors are thoroug-hly enjoying our early Fall brand of weather. I i‘ i I

This is the time of year roads should be looked dear preparatory to the heavy Fall traf- tic.

I I I I

Major J. A. Macdanald chosen to represent last evening the Conservative Party in a frce broadcast, further enhanced his reputation 05 an up-and-ccming politician.

I I i! ‘It

The instability of French governments is nothing new but each defeat is a fresh warn- ing fo other democracies of the danger of the breakdown of the party iysttcm.

Now that Sydney is the only Cape Breton industrial area opposing sale of beer and wine by the glass nearby towns will certainly be pre- paring to relieve the drought of their big neigh- bour.

I I I I

The Canadian, Pacific Express Company has been checking up an the most common faults of its truck drivers. The survey shows that the most common is to drive with the hands in an unstable position on the steering wheel. The fault is certainly not confined to drivers of Express trucks.

I I I I

Arthur Wellesley, Duke of Wellington, died this dot; 1852. As a soldier, Wellington's tol- ents are best seen in his cond-uct of the Penin- sular War. As a statesman he holds a high place for his moderation, his strong sense of duty, and his perfect integrity: "The battle of Waterloo was won on the playing field of Eton" —i.e. through physical training and discipline.

I I I I ‘

Visitors to the Canadian National Exhibi- tion mo-y not think so but the Great Seal of the United Kingdom on display there is broken. When a new reign commences the old Great Seal is struck lightly with a hammer by the Sovereign and is thenceforth broken and has no virtue. The intact fragments, obverse and reverse, are the perquisites of the Lord Chancellor, and the Lord Keeper.

I I I I

The suggestion from Ottawa that the title of Commonwealth representatives to other Brit- ish countries may be changed from High Com-i missioner to Amrbassador seems unnecessary to say the least. The avowed aim of the move, to give such representatives equivalent rank to ambassadors, can be accomplished without use of that title which has always been associated with dealings with a foreign power. '

I I I R

One of our most distinguished Islanders abroad, His Eminence, James Charles Cardinal McGuigan, archbishop of Toronto, will arrive in Saint John Friday, for the diocesan rally of Catholic men to be held on Sunday, Sept. 19, at the Saint John Forum. Cardinal McGuigan, who will be accompanied by Rt. Rcv. Francis V. Allen, D.P., chancellor of Toronto arch- diocese, will be met at the Union Station by His Excellency, Most Rev. P. A. Bray, C.J.M., bishop of Saint John, His Worship, Major James D. McKenna, members of the clergy, rally offici- als and other laymen. lt is not known whether the Cardinal will visit his native Province at this time.

I I I I

lt is well to keep in mind these Income Tax high pressure days the respective provin- cial cash income from the sale of, farm products for the first six months of this year with totals for the some period in brackets: Prince Id- ward lsland, $11,784,000 ($7,445,000), that is $4,339,000 more than in the first half of 1947; Nova Scotia, $23,904,000 ($14,464,000); New Brunswick, $23,800,000 ($16,185,000); Quebec, $169,682,000 ($127,842,000); Ontario, $299,801,- 000); ($243,168,000); Manitoba, $72,638,000 ($54,669,000); Saskatchewan, $167,289,000 ($115,368,000); Alberta, $163,147,000 ($120,- 784,000); British Columbia, $42,167,000 ($32,- 779,000).

I I I I

ln concluding his excellent address an Lucy Maud Montgomery at the unveiling of the memorial in her. honour at Cavendish on Sunday, Chief Justice Campbell noted that the authoress was awarded several signal honours in her lifetime. She was, he believed, the first Canadian author to be made a member of the Royal Society of Arts and Letters/of London, England. tier books were awarded the silver medal for literary style by the Litorary~ and Artistic Institute of France. His Majesty con- ferred on her the distinction_of an Officer of the Order of the British Empire, and now the Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada has honoured her memory by'the dedication of a fitting monument and inscription. "Her great- est memorial, however," added the Chief Just-

ice, "will be the lasting quality and appeal of her own writinglf

22:05». Mo?! sill PPM/b spAff

04-00 Pp’

“f0.

hens

ON THE ISLAND THESE DAYS, ARE

LIKE ALL Tl-llNGS ELSE

j PROGRESS- MINDED.’

BIGGER EGGS THAN EVER DEFORErNtw

a

ens rt».

l-l IN

The Churches And Capitalism

(Winnipeg Free Press) _

The draft report. of the Worm

Luuncil of Churchm placed‘ ‘chi Protesiarfi. branches of Lire Lhas- hnn faith in opcoand unequivoc- a1 opposition m alhelsuc Mo!» ran Communism“ and what lt. resi- r-csenls in the world. The C°"i'l~"\‘_- meeting in Amsterdam made u»: stand not on the quesllim 9‘ political and economic forms ~11. had some hard words for ulna- Lcenfh century capitalism nlso— but on the uLLiLudes which are re- presented in one and the other. The text of the report Slllilrwo how far the Protestant. churchm assembled in joint convention vrenr. beyond the question of the formal organization of society and a‘- lacked the materialistic prernlses o1 Russian Communism. Wm) 1'5 emphasis not on the lndlvldual man but. on the mass state; u l» on the right. of the human belts; to a say in his own desl-llly bu’ or the bcllef that. “particular clal: by vlrtue of its role as the beatrer o; a new Qrder ls free from 1.1» sins and ambiguities that. Chflzb- fans believe to be characmnsnc of all human existence." The council's report, one 0f on! most. forthright statements of one Christian position for many Yer" demanded that. man ‘must. nevcr be made e. mere means for pollbtc- a1 and economic ends.

"Man is not. made for the sir’: but the stale for man; ma" l5 made for production but PYOdHV hon for man. For society to o’: responsible under modern COflLll- Lions 1f is required Lhar the 136°- ple have freedom w confirm. '9 criticize and to change Lheir 140V‘ crnmenfs, that power be made := sponsible by law and lrodlmor. and be distributed as widely 9-’ possible throughout. the cammu-~ ify. It 1a required that. eeono.1\ 3mm“ and provision of equal: v of opportunity be established -or all members of socletlfi"

Points of Conflict

The report. lald down the 1am points of conflict between ‘he Christian falth and Communism.

r1) The Communist promise Ol what amounts to a complete re- demptfon of man 1n hum-y-

(2) The belief that. s particular class by virtue of lts role asjne bearer of a new order ls free from the sins and amblguitles than Christians believe to be character- lstlc of all human existence.

r3) The materialistic and done: mlnlstic teachings. however they may be qualified, that are incom- patible with the Christian belief 1n mnn as a person. made 1n God's image and responsible to Him.

(4) The actual methods of Corn- munlshs 1n dealing with their op- ponents, ln the demand of ‘he party on lts members for an ex- cluslve and unqualified loya‘.‘.y. which belongs only to God, 1nd the pollcles of Communist 111cm- fcrshlp 1n controlling every as- pect. of life. "

The report. sold hhot. the church should resist the extension of any system which not. only includes re» presslve elemonta but. also falls lo provide the means whereby than who are mourns of such repres- slon are able to crftlclu or oar- rect. them.

Resistance to Communism dld not. mean, however, that the churches automatically gave their blessing to capitalism. The report. emphasized that. there are also confllcta between Christ-faulty and the latter. It pofnted w the ex- ploitation of the workers which was "characteristic of early spl- falfsvn" though ff. admitted mane had been corrected 1n aonslderabre measure.

Serious Inequalities

‘It. declared oepftolfom to be guilty of subordination the meet.- lng of human needs to the econ- omfc advantages of those who possessed the most. power over lte Institutions; ft. charged that f produced serfous Inequalities m that. lt. kept. the people of ceplt-el- lsl. oountrles aubfeot to e klnd of

fate which “hes token the form of such aoclsl cbtaetrophlee as moss unenmtoyment." r

There ere few oountrlee inf-y 1n the western camp whose capl- tallsrn snrwm 1o the desorfpuau ln the council's report. The weal.- ern democracies. whose palliiesl organization fa the moot. advenead of any, provide 1n their recognised prfnclples of government the very

v

b _(Oont.lnuod oa Page l).

I

\17\1 xavrcxrwxm-wnm

PUBLIC FOR UM

This column 1s open to * ' by u... _ ’ of questions of lnfcrcsl. The Guardian docs not necesmr fly ’ the opinion of correspondents. ;

c 4

the ‘a

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._q,~4\:\c; "~ "'\'\’N.'\.'\J~&/ LOBSTER FISHING SUGGESTION

Ska-Recently there was an article m your paper giving an account. o1 the damage done wlthln che past. few weeks by Domlmor Frshery offlclals Lo lobster gcasr illegally set. out. along the western end of the North Shore.

I take no objection to your art.- lcle since 1t. was a factual report grvlng lts authority for 11s de- tails. However, since your paper has such s. big clrculatlon 1n plats Province and since lt. has as yer published only one side of zhe story. I am sure you wlll have no objection to publishing this lecncr.

I understand the lobster busl- ness, Sir, as it. 1s followed on the North Shore. I dld not. get. my knowledge by being an fndustrzal» lst 1n Brltish Columbia nor by conducting a law office 1n Sum- merslde. I got lt. by making inc flshlng of lobsters my main source

of livelihood for the past flicy years. A.s long as I can remembcr

there has been "poaching" of lob- sters 1n this vicinity and I no?- estly believe that until we trove practical fishermen 1n the Depara- ment of fisheries who wlll see so 1L that. more sensible fishery leg- lfilhllbll ls put an the statute books, we shall continue to have "poach- ing" along this coast.

The fishermen of Alherton and vicinity are not. "poachers" by choice but. by necessity. The fact that. they are good fishermen ls clearly shown hy- the boobs and equipment they use which cannot. be equalled in any other flshlrig port 1n thls Province. ,But rJ-cy cannot. make enough money from May 1st. to July 1st. flshlng rob- sters to keep them and their [a- mflfes for the other ten months of the year.

But. you may ask, are there no cod or mackerel to be caught. in July and August’! Yes, there are seasons when s fisherman can ao very well catching summer mack- erel during the latter part. of Jury and the first. weeks of August. He can get. some ood and huke loo.

And 1n September there ere-- when the dogflsh are not tot plentiful-fall herring 1.0 be net- ted.

However, the only time when big money can be made fish-

ing cod and mackerel are the very months when we have the legal lobster season on this shore. And no fishermen can attend no a" lobster gear and a cod or mackerel gear at the same time.

What the lobster fishermen of Albert/on went. 1s the some logo.‘ season as they have on the S01 h Shore. which now opens on Aug. l0 end closes Oct. 15. There ls not one sound, practicable rid-lumen‘- why we should not. have lt. end there are many why we should.

lbs the first place. May ls e poor month for lobster fishing. Iaverlebly, the weather 1s rough and cold so that. the labours ro- meln ln deep water. Few fisher- men mod their expenses during that. month so that. only the month of Juno ls loft to thorn 1n which to make a profit.

But. the month p! May ls the month when our waters are team- lrq with oodflsh which come in close to the lend so that a men with a tzlvrl of 1.000 hooks can offenbrfnlfnetonofoodoer day. I have seen much lug-er catches from that. many hooh. And rernunber those flsh sou out,

of the pickle for l0 cents e pound

wholesale.

Themonthofrhme fettiomoaab when the mackerel strike l! schools of thousende-I should so! millions. flour thousand to flse thousand meohocel to e boat. with l0 nets 1e only avenge newts; when the eahoole ere here.

Now, lfr, 1f the Albertaa fisher-- men could devote the months of May, June. end July to their oo-f and mackerel flshfna end have Aullllt- end September for lobster fuhfne (when the cod and muck- ml are no longer plentiful) one fishermen would be much atoll praqierous than they are. “Ponch- lag" ‘would automatically become Lthlal of the pod foe uaael

DOWN BY

THE SALLEY GARDENS

Down by the salley gardens my love and 1 dld meet;

She passed the salley gardens wlth little snow-white feet.

She bld me take love easy. as the leaves grow on the tree; But. I. being young and foolish. with her would nor. agree.

1n s fleld by the river my love and I dld stand.

And on my leaning shoulder she laid her snow-whlte hand.

She bld me take llfe easy. as the grass grows on the welrs;

But. I was young and foolfsh, and now am full of tears.

-w. n. Yeats. W 3i Old Charlottetown ijl

(And P. E. l.) f,

1

FIRST ENACTMENTS

The first business of bhe Leg- islature, when 1t. met. here for tho first. time 1n 1773. was, as might be expected, a confirmation of the proceedings of the Governor and Council, antecedent to culling a House together. This was followed by an Act tn make valid in law processes and proceedings in the Law Courts, and this continuation reached as far back as the 1st of May. 1769. The Limes nrvl place.» of holding the Supreme Court of Judicature were establlshed, and an authority lssued {or the record and publication of all the Laws.