t Names, People and

{twill-ion ior The Oakland Calliornia who. are remembered in the geog-

AUGUST 1s. 1932

Maple Leaf by). U. Fowler.)

In the thirty-seven years that I Ivcd in Prince Edward Island I spent at least one half of my time. for one eaueo or another. in trav- eling over the province. I knew most oi the places and hundreds oi

Ipeople. but what made me moat cur- ious was the unbecoming names

possessed‘ by certain places. I was always asking why. Very frequent- 1y the‘ authorities consulted did not agree. Flor example, that pretty vil-

' lage known as Morel], on the rail-

‘; way line between Mt. Stewart and _St. Peters, the home of my cld

Jriend. Harvey D. McEwen. It has

u nicu name, but why? One histor- ian says that a man by the name

ioi Charles Morell was tha first set-

tler in that part and owned all of the township (number forty.) He

was a large ship builder, a. man c!

much importance and. well liked, hence the name. Another historian aaya that one Charles Worrell, a native oi England, was one of the first settlers and s. leading citiren

and became so popular that he was‘

elected to the Legislative Council

‘ and became president oi that body.

r.-

A certain Captain ccliese (after whom the Hon. James College Pope was named) was a great admirer bi Worrell and named the place after him, but in some way the letter

" “Maw” written for "w" and the “name appeared on the map as

, Mcrell.

Another writer claims that the

',_ place was named after one Jean

a Francois Morel, a nativeof St. Malo,

where he was born in 1697.7 Ho married Marie Josephta LaGarenne.

‘pat North St. Peters, near Morell

river. Be that as it may, Morell is a nice name and that "floating bridge" was a. curiosity that brought many visitors to Morell. 'I'he names of the places on the

' Island are not as a"ruie difficult to

spell or hard to Piomiliice. 811d I

' am grateful to the moving spirits

that I am not wntlhs ibcut plow in Nova Scotia, such as Sogmagun River, East Checsetook, Ekssoni Chapel, Barsfhofs Harbor, Gabcoch- ois, Grandique Ferry, ‘Kedgemkcoge. Kiltarlity, Lower Saulnlevllie, Ma- iagawatch, Middle Mosquodoboit.

, Merlgomish, Petite-de-Grst Bridge,

Petpeswick Harbor, Pcttapique Mountains, Whycocomagh Bil-y 5nd s, lot more outlandish names in the

v land oi Evangeline—ior how could . I pronounce themlI am utonished

Q}-

however, when looking up all “tho names oi places that there are none to recall the men who dis-

. covered the Island, cjut down the

trees and htade the first improve: ments_Jacques Cartier, John Ca- bot, Jierre de Poms, who spent three years making large improve- ments at Three Rivers, now known as Cardigan, Brudenell, and Rosc- neath.) or Samuel Holland, who spent twoyears surveying the Ia- land in lot 28, where many oi his lots or ‘townships (Mark Twain would say this was an oversight.) It 1s true that there is HOUR-lid Cove, written into history thirty- three years ago ‘by the late Judge Fitzgerald in his story o! “The

. Smugglers oi Holland's Cove," but

.-

although Holland was given all the lond in lot 28. where many of hi:

' descendants are to be fcuhd at this

date, nofcne thought _to have any city. town, village or munioiPB-lliy

' named for this grand old man. Ho.

however, remembered the man who

' gave him‘ the work oi surveyiris the p Island, Governor Montague Wilmot. The river Montague and later, the

town at the head oi that beautiful stream will always remind one oi that Nova Sootia governor who rui- ed there irom i762 to i766 and was always interested in Isle St. Jean. Then there was that romantic fellow, Thomas Pichon (alias Tho- mas Tyrell) who spent two years loasting around the Island in 1151- 1753. He says he discovered s. river

' and named it the "River oi Toads."

I have met man who declared that at certain times and Disco! llldy have seen "snakes," but as to this "river of toads" I "has me doots." Notwithstanding that this man Wild a scholar, had studied medicine. was secretary for Count de Ray- mond (when the count was govern- or oi Inuisburg) wrote a book and did many other things, there is no place in thgprovince thatbears the

name oi Pichon or ‘Iylrell. Another man whose memory h" my sympathy is Thomas Douglas. Earl oi Selkirk. who bioliflllii W9 over 800 people-the very boat- from the Isl, of 8109. 303M", m" vemeas, Argyieeholc and the Isis sf Ulat, in the good ship Fanny and two others, and in all that Belfast district has no place named for him. there 1a Uisg. Pipette, Orwell, and many other named. but with the exception of a short road. only iound on old maps, and Orwell ‘Jove, once named "Selkirk Bay," ihere is nothing to remind us oi

’.:rd Selkirk.

Thcr- we a number oi "old tim- “ -"‘. ‘in in the Walt

ifor her many books, from Anne oi

oque u an Indian name as is Malpec, while Savage Harbor is known in the Indian tongue as quibuogldm. que.

I need not mention the many

APloces

"Phy- °Y ti" “"111”?- miwlu" names used in early years for Char- diaudinr the foregoing. Rollo iottetown, Port La Jole, with its B" 1d filmed m" wd blockhouserlibrt Amherst, etc. gs

Rollo, who but up a great front with h's soo little vessels to show his authority from the King oi Eng- land, who commissioned him to" drive the French out oi tbs country. St. Peter's Bay ls to remind all and sundry of Count de st. rich-c, who was a man oi importance among the first settlers. Names seemed to have been scarce when the survey was first made for the numbers oi th, iota were used for years, and at this day we have settlements known as Lot i6, not 8. Lot 1i, Lot 40. and so on.“

A veteran who returned from the South African war told a story about a good natured fellow by the name oi Sandy McPherson. Every- one liked big Sandy. Sitting around the camp fire one night, the boys were telling where they came from. Tommy was from London, Donald from Glasgow, David from Wales, Peter from New Iceland, Sam from the United States, Patrick from Ire- ‘land. one oi the boys turned to Sandy and asked him where he came from. "Lot Seven." was Sandy's answer.

Lucy Maude Montgomery (Mrs; McDonald.) our popular author whom we ail like, has manufactured s. number of names in P. E. Island

every writer for the last hundred years has gone over and over this. There is a. place known as "no man's land" between Freetown and Tryon that gets its name from the fact that when the surveying from .the north and south was done there was a picee left that could not be included in either lot, so it was just left as “no man's land." This piece is owned by thrifty people at this date, and it is "Iomdboflyb land" between Dots ii’! and 28. That nar- row part‘ oi the province between Bedeque and Richmond bays was to be Sunny-sick on the south and Winter-aide on the north, was changed from Green's Shore to Bum merside, and as Winter-side was too cold a name, it was not used at all. and the location is now known as "North" or "Book's" Shore. When "The Tunnel" through that two and one half mile strip from _Summer- side to the north shore—now being considered-is completed, I am per- suaded that there will be chosen a very suitable name, equal to Prince Rupert on the Pacific Coast or ‘Churchill on the Hudson Bay. There are many other places that I am acquainted with in-"The Gar- den of the Gull." but I know that my space is limited in The Maple Laef. The story would not be com- plete unless I mentioned Tea. Hill on the mad from Southport to Pownal. All women know, and men too, that a. isdy once upon a. time had boon purchasing in Charlotte- town snd returning home by way of the old ferry boat Elfin, was goV ing down the hill, east oi South- port with her arms full oi parcels. Slag stumbled and in the fall the package of tea was-broken and spilled. she was unable to gather it all up from the sand and clay ‘and some oi the tea remained ior a long time. Hence the name, "Tea Hill." I have traveled up and down

Green Gables to her latest one, Tangled Web. In this last one she has “Bay Silver," "nose River," “In- dian Springs," "Three Hills" and other coinfngs. It takes a. person oi imagination to write a novel, but Mrs. McDonald has-drawn upon her resources to put "Three Hills" on P. E. Island. It is in the Province of Alberta, Section 31, Township 24. west oi the fourth, and is called after three small hills running northwest to southeast. In the Cree language it is "Nis-io." but we shall let it go at that.

There arenow 117 places in the

THECi-IARLOTTETOWN GUARDIAN f ~

Science ,.To Aid '

Farmers

In New Research‘ Work

Laboratories Will Have Beat Men and Equipment Available

on-Aws, Aug. m-(By The Canadian Prean-Formal openinl oi the new national research lab- oratories in Ottawa will mark the launching of an elaborate pro- Btdmme in the division of “ ‘ and agriculture. This division was organized informally in 193B under the part-time direction of Dr. Rob- ert Newton, proiessor of field crops and head of the department o! plant biochemistry, University of Alberta. Dr. Newton will now come to Otta- wa anci devote his whole time to the administration of this division.

The division is a development from investigations! work the na- tional research councii has been fostering for some time by grants in aid of research in various univer- sities and by promoting large co- ordinated researches in which sev- eral institutions have participated.

In the new laboratories, opened officially on Aug. i0,’ accommoda- tion has been reserved ior biolog- ical and agricultural research. Though the financial condition of the country makes any large expan- sion impossible at the present time,

same results when carried out in diflerent laboratories, it would be necessary to rule cut the personal factor. The procedure must be re- duced to a series of iuliy standar- ized operations, carried cut in exact- ly the same way every time. uch an ideal could only be reached by completely meohaniaing the process from start to finish. This ideal has not yet been fully attained. and further efforts to that end will be put forth in the new laboratories. Alreddy considerable progress has ‘been made with some oi the re-

maining difiicuities, such as sub- stituting an electrical appliance for a human eye in scoring the ccior oi the bread.

Another matter which calls ur- gently for attention is a further investigation of methods ior esti- mating wheat quality with very small samples.

To round out the wheat studies, it is proposed to continue chemical investigations of the growth oi the wheat plant, from germination to mdiiirliy. Many problems relating both to the yield of wheat varieties and to the nature and quality of U"! grain cannot be fully under- stood until further investigation of

S OLEMN SER VICES

_ of Vespers and Complins gby clergy befqre the Blessed Sacra- i-ment took place. At the conference for the clergy at 3 p. m. papers were read by Rev. Dr. Smith of |Kinkora and ‘Rev. F. X. Gallant of Egmont Bay. At the morning (30111! Bdfvido ‘service oi High Mass the sanctu- iary boys of Charlottetown ssssted. Th9 61°51"! "W100 of ilic C°n‘_ThG whole proceedings were carri- Well W" “Pflod oil! Willi Broiled out with much care as to de- Poi/mm and dignity. and was hoh- iails. vumrs were looked after “"4 with u" P195911" 0i Hifijand meals sewed by the ladies. “m”! 3h’ 011571“ Dali-Oil. Everything was very orderly and who marched in the Pr°9e55i°n|mll0h credit u due to Rev. m. Thousands lined the streets anmmbnaghun and my, ,1_ A, Buliivgn Wnflmkd i" u" ‘lhi-“ilhyii-Yd W and their committees for the man- watch the public procession of the M, 1,, which the Congress was Blessed Sacrament, while others cqnducfgd__s followed the procession as it foil-l owed the route through the villagei and back to the Convent grounds] where the solemn consecration cf| Clergy u. attendance at the Eu- diocese to the Sacred EucharIsticFeharIstic Congress were: Monseig- ll-Ieart of Jesus took piece. Zneur Jean Chaisson, D. P., Rust- The rich vestmenfs of the clergy, loo, Rev. Joseph McGreel, C. SS. R, the stirring music by the bandsmen Rev. Stephen Connolly, C. SS. R., and women carrying banners andRev. W. Enright, C. SS. R... Rev. flags made an impressive scene and [Gerald Murphy. C- 55- B» Rdv- P- che which will live in the memor- gMcMahon. D- D. of Charlottetown; ies of the people for a. long timeyRov- G- J- Mdl-dlldli. D- D» d1"! g0 00mg The order 0f the closing ‘Rev. BennettMcDonaid, Summer- gegyg“ w” a»prwe351qn o; the ‘side; Rev. J. S. Gallant, Rev. A. B. Bishop and clergy from the‘ Con- ‘McIntyre, Rev. F. X. Gallant; Rev. yen; w the church’ the corpus J. A. McDonald, Rev. A. P. McLel-

(Ccntinucd from Page i)

liven and Bishop Courchesne, at the Parochial House on Tuesday evening.

Attended Conference

Former pastor. St.

REV. JOHN A. MACDONALD

John Baptist Church, liliscouchc.

TO PRESERVE BEAUTY OF LAND

LONDON, Aug. 17.--(By The CELF

nadian Prcssl-To buy and prcsrrve irom building land in the famous East Lyn Val- ley of North Devon ' I/ynmouth, and tion for the Preservation of Local Natural Tfcauiics are trying to raise $42,500. It is proposed to hand over the land, when National ‘Irust. The

some 34 acres of

the Lyntorl District Associa-

acquired, to the laud to be

steps are being taken to establish the Way in which plant food ele- immediately in the new building a ments are absorbed from the .soil, nucleus of the stsfi of the Division transported within the plant, and of Biology and Agflcultug-e, so that l laid down as stare hor protein in

this branch oi’ the work, so im- portant in a predominantly agri- cultural country like Canada, may go forward from the outset in pro- per relation to the work in physics and chemistry.

The Division will maintain the close relationships already estab- lished with various universities and other institutions and will develop

the kernels; Already these investi- gations have thrown considerable light. on such problems as the frost iliiiiry to maturing grain.

A refrigerating plant is being in- stalled in the new laboratories, which will accord the necessary fa- cilities for further work on frost resistance, or for any other problem requiring low temperatures. The

new contacts as the need arises and ‘ °°ld storage oi food products is

financial resources permit. This is in accordance with the general policy, oi the National Research Council, to utilize to the fullest ex- tent the resources oi existing lab- oratories, while keeping in step with

that hill, but I have never seen any =tea, but I have seen millions of ox-eyed daisies (Chrysanthemum- Leucanthemum) growing on both! sides oi the road making the land‘ look as if a light snow hold fallen. They are beautiful flowers—but too plentiful. | There is, however, one locality with, two names that I must write about before closing this story-i <Brimstone Hollow or the Devil's,- Punch Bowl. It has a history that; all P. E. Islanders should know a- bout. This celebrated place is 0n the road between Summerside, and Charlottetown, directly north oi Em- erald. I have been there many a time. Leaving my carriage at the top of the hill I would crawl down thirty feet or more to get a. drink of the purest water to be found in all the land, bubbling out of the rocks at the bottom. I never drank “New Ireland," but the home, or from the sursiins siresm without colonial office disagreed and thinidna oi’ John B- Gouglfs eulogy it w“ deckied to name me newion water. I quote from memory a land. now known as pm,“ Edward brief part oi that sublime oration: Island, for the Duke of York. That “But upon the mil mountain tops would gnaw our myulty, 3y 301- where the naked granite glitters like land-s survey the pmvmce w“ div. gold in the sun, the storm clouds med mm m,” mung,” and to Ibrew, and the thunder storms crash, clinch the mum- md ghuw the and down. low down. in the deepest United Empire loyalists that they valleys where fountains murmur and would always b, remmded o; the the rllls sing, there He brewed it, mo“, u“, mung“ we" numud that beverage oi liie and that mug“, Queen-l and Prlnce. To health-giving water—" keep up the stunt furtherthe towns The story is iilis= A ma“ named were named Georgetown, ghur- ‘Williams was hauling a. puncheon lommwn’ Pflncetown’ with mah- of rum from Charlottetown on what town, Freetown, Searltown, Bridge- W" lmWn l5 P- ‘mi- ‘he 81mm w“ and Newton, thmwn 1n gm- and runners being in one piece. ‘rhe good measure‘ mm m, comm“ conveyance slid and the puncheon

were divided m", parishes’ and they tipped over ad rolled down the hill seem to have m“ W; o; my“ to the bottom. He swore so bad that

name‘ “d the Iiaumgs» had to be it was said the brimstone could b8 brought into use. Hence we have in "m flTl-"ifi i" the m? "lid 11° Queen-s County, Charlotte, mus. declared it could go to the devil. boro, Greniield, Bediord and st. WW1 1""! eil- Bill all" he °°°l°d John parish“ In Km“ we h“, off he thought of how many good at Gem“. 5h Andrew's’ mg 3g, drinks there were in that 120 gal- Patrick. In Prince we have Rich- 5°" "id 5° he mt " m“ "mmd mom’ Halmm st David»; (I once the hill, reloaded the puncheon “m, m that pariah’) Hmong 55d and went to his destination, Dam- North Pariah ley. It is easy to see how the place

In m“? mum“, m, settler, got its name, but if any readers oi mo‘ the“, mm” mm the p15,,“ the Maple Leaf go to spend a. vac- of their ‘mam The 56°“ h“ ation there they will have to have Brendan“. strflmmbme, Glen“ their mun directed to Granville as “m, New pummel, soowmom -that is the nearest post office. Heatherdale (once Brown's Creek.) Caledonia, New Glasgow and Uisi- Thg Ilnglilh had WWI“. ‘Um! York. Comwali, Wiltshirc and many otlmr names to remind them of 'ome. ‘.the Irish were constantly reminded of the Ouid Country by Emerald. Drcrnore, Fort Augustus. Kinkora, Iona, sic. The Irish claim the name of "Howlan," that growifls village west of Oileary. liid ‘"11 they might, for it is named ior Ex- Governor George W. Howian, who was born in Ireland and made I name for himself in a business and political ways In the land oi his adoption. ’

A iew names remind us of the Indians, the Micmacs tribe that was numerous atthe beginning oi the

province with post offices, many less than twenty years ago. Rural routes, to the number cf 175 and a total mileage oi 3000 miles, have been established and do post of- fices such as Lirtkletter Road, North Bedeque. Ross Comer, Middleton, Darnley, Baltic, Seariicwri and many many others of early days are not ‘.0 be found now in the post ofllce guide.

I need not say when and why the name of the Island was changed from St. John to PrihceEdward, as I am sure every school boy knows that. The-re were two or more St. Johns in Canada, and in order to have no mixup in the mails it was agreed to make a change. Abegweit (in the Indian language, llvlissego) and New Guernsey were suggested. Governor Patterson, who was an Irishman, and the whole govem- ment, said that he would name it

v

. . ...._____.._...._._i

progressive nations the world over

|in establishing central laboratories

where research on problems of na- tional importance may be pursued with the best trained men and the best equipment available.

Work which depends primarily on field contacts (like that of the Grain Research Committee, which collects large numbers of les from special areas) will, it is ex- pected, be continued 1n local cen- tres as at present. The programme in the new laboratories at Ottawa will so far as possible be confined to fundamental phases amenable only to‘ cleiy controlled conditions. . The first project on the tentative programme is the development of apparatus and methods ior plant growth under mplewi, controlled conditions.

With apparatus for completely controlling conditions it will be pos- sible tc study the effect oi light, temperature and other climatic factors separately, not only on the total yield oi the crop, but on its chemical composition and nutritive value, including the content oi vita- mines. Here the artimai houses on the roof oi the new laboratories will come_ into play, and the plant material grown under controlled conditions will form the starting Point for a series of fundamental studies in animal nutrition, with small animals. ' ,

Closely related to this will be a study cf the decomposition of plant iesldues in the soil, and oi the ef- fect oi the decomposition products on the growth both of crop plants and of the micro-organisms which a" 5° imboftant in the soil. Many of these organisms are‘ beneficial bringing about the decomposition of crop residues and ensuring a supply oi soluble nitrogen to the growing crop. Others are parasitic on crop plants, sometimes doing serious iniury to the roots and other parts oi the plants.