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v _ _ litter and Integer-J. B. Barnett.

VIco-PIeeIdeut-J. It. llurrnft. A, llulilnaon, D. B. 0. Assoc-into Editor-II. K. Currie.

WEDNESDAY,

APRIL 3, 1929

EMPIRE TRADE

' In the opinion of the Ottawa

iourml. Canada should immediately

v retlliefo against the proposed in-

5 ' bruise in the United States min. Let than be no pussyfooting: let Canada put up a self-respecting fight for oin- rights: let them know that he are not Mexico, nor Haiti, nor a rc- publlc of Latin America!

Then may be differences as to the wisdom of such a course: there can ‘bennone as to our right to pursue it.

l “z-Ciinada. or any other country, is the 7|ole judge of what its customs tariff shall be. The United States may adopt my tariff it pleases, but it is certain that any increase 1n duty will not improve relations between the

Y. two countries, and will incline the

‘people of the Dominion to follow a policy that will, indirectly but surely, effect the markets open to the pro- ducts of the United States in this country. , Here are the trade flguresfor 1928, , for the three great English speaking‘ nations,‘ being the exports and im- ports of Canada, as quotcd in_ the

_ lilfanitobe Free Press: ‘A

Exports Imports . . . . . . $492,000,000 $825,000,000 Gt. Britain . 446,000,000 190000900 Australia 16,273,000 3,922,000 Bir John Morgan, chairman of the

‘British vEmpire Producers’ organiza-

tion has toured the Dominions, in- cluding Canada, New Zealand, Aus- tralia, and South Africa, conferring with the ministers in each country to ascertain what was practicable on both sides in the way of mutual pre- ferences and in other ways. He de- clares that the fundamental question - isz- "Are we going to consider Great

Britain as the home market of the

dominionsil", The United States says to its colonies and dependencies

"This is your home market; let your

produce come here practically free of toll and we will maintain a toll against other countries." France and

Italy, both colonizing powers, say

the same thing. Sir Benjamin believ- es that the only chance of develop- ment of the immense, rich, and fer- tile areas of the Empire, is to frame a policy that will regard Great Bri- tain as the home market of these great producing dominions. "What practical steps can we take to arrive st the alt/cred conditions I am pos- tulating?" he asks. "In my opinion

, we have practically reached the-lim-

i It to which we can take our volun-

tary system of preferences. The vol-

i untery system should be replaced by

reciprocal commercial agreements with each of the dominions and col- onies or groups of colonies. We must goo together round a table and ex- change advantages and incorporate them in agreements for terms of years."

i-This, he points out would Rive sta- {fifty to theseuagreements and en-

U. B.

l able capital to be embarked in those é industries affected by such prefer- : = Qtill advantages. There is not much é to be foilndin the speeches of lead- : eel of parties either here or in Bri- tlln about Empire economics, though tbefe lies the pathuof prosperity for f? the people of the whole Common- yea-lib. "Lf 4 nu: NEW manxemo

f‘?!

.33. H. B. Ciemos, general manag- the United Partners‘ Co-oper-

“ Company of Ontario, recently ldflin addressing the agricultural of the Ontario legislature ‘filler! a party ready to work out a potato proposition this - gpglyaudfye will likely help him .' putting it into the chain ' l0!’ l IMYL I think the public buy them, if this were-done." Jaegeinpeaoubt that-m the

' ‘ WHNH‘

maketing. It will be observed that potatoes put up in packages will re- quire to be carefully graded and of as nearly uniform size as poo!!!)l0- Only the best quality of potatoes will find a place irl this new market. Greater care than ever before must be exercised in selecting seed, in the manner oi planting, in spraying. "14 in housing.

The potato ilas entered the aristo- cratic family of the finest vegetables and fruits, and must be $055911 l0- cordingly. It is no longer the bumble spud, to be shovelled and carted around in bags from field to market as if it were intended onlyfor rough usage, and thrown anywhere where room could be found for it. It will now be found on the shelves of our stores in neatly and artistically ia- belled packages and will be sold as a dainty food, which it really is.

INJURING CANADA'S CREDIT

The long delay in paying the Ger- man reparations to citizens of Can- ada is doing serious injury, not only to those "citizens whose money it really is, and to whom it was allot- ted by competent commissioners, but is injurlously affecting Canada's cre- dit abroad. 'I‘his money was paid in to the Canadian government by the Germans; its allotment was agreed upon by commissioners appointed by the government, and still after ten years the final settlement has not yet been affected. The late Hon. Wil- liam Pugsley, of New Brunswick, ex- amined many of the claims present- ed by privatoCanadian citizens, and arrived at what must be regarded as equitable settlements. After his death Commissioner Friel took up the work and submitted his completed report more than a year ago. His find- ings together with those of Commis- sioner Pugsley, completed the ad- justment of Canadian claims, and these were not disputed. What reis- on the government has to give for holding up payment, has not been made known to the public.

The return of enemy trust property to claimants in former enemy coun- tries 1s also involved 1n these set- tlements. and foreign countries are looking to the Canadian government for a prompt accounting of the claims. Canadas’ future i! so de- pendent upon foreign capital for the development ofuits natural resourc- es that we cannot afford to precipi- tate any doubts as to our honor and honesty. The government owes it to itself and to Canada to make the ad- justments as speedily as possible, and not allow the fair name of this country to be tarnished by any questionable delay in settling our just claims.

UNFAIR. FREIGHT RATES

A meeting of the Transportation Commission will be held in Moncton today (Wednesday to further con- sider express rates. The need for a careful and continued scrutiny of rates, says the Saint John Telegraph Journal, is shown by the fact that recently the Commission was able to have express rates on West Indies fruit from Saint John to Monueei reduced from t2.50'lo $1.50 per 100 pounds. It is also pointed out that while it costs $2.25 to send e box or! apples from Fredericton to Windsor, Ontario, the raio from Windsor to Fredericton is only $1.10., Commis- sioner Bclanders of the Saint John Board of Trade points out that such instances are numerous. The effect of course is injurious to Maritime interests and places Maritime ship- pers at a disadvantage. In the old days such discrimination received

‘but little public attention. With the

Transportation Commission now on the Job the interests of these prov- inces will be guarded constantly, and if in any case justice is withheld there will be behind the Commlliul m. ‘mi bueinen interests of mo Ueritimea

Notes BLTTle 4W4)’

The Riven Jordan ln Palestine la being harnessed to Pmdllw‘ u" hydro-electric power. Through ages past it has flowed/idly 1101 ill southward course to the Deli‘! be! where it ends. Molt of its channel lies below the ocean level. and its iormlgzi lake is more than 1300- feet lower than the surface of the Med- iterranean. Aiao the “Jordan varies greatly in its volume at different seasons of the year. The rainfall in Palestine is limited to four months of the year, during which period the poetical “swellings of Jordan" occur.

To make the Jordan useful as the source of large and continuous water-power, as well as for purposes of irrigation, the surplus waters that fall during the rainy months must be impounded by dams. Lake Tiber- ins, through which the Jordan flows, is a large natural reservoir which is being made much larger and deeper by a dam at its outlet. Another res- ervoir is located on the river Yar- muk, a principal tributary of the Jordan.

These works are so far advanced toward completion that it 1s stated electric light and power from the Jordan will be delivered to a large portion of the Holy Land by the end of August next. Wonder succeeds wonder with rapidity in this age of marvels which it is our privilege to enjoy.

We are to have a Commission to settle the troubles between the. Saunders Government and the school teachers. The Maritime Prov- inces known something about com- missions, The King Government ap- pointed a commission to report upon their wrongs and claims and_ at its head was a. very able, fair-minded, independent arid energetic plan, Sir Andrew Rae Duncan. He lost no time, speedily ascertained the facts, and submitte ' his report and recom- mendations to the Government. Then came delay after delay and then a partial carrying out of what was recommen’ ‘. It is now years since the Duncan report was submitted to the Government bllt the Maritimes are yet waiting for its full implementation.

That suggests certain questions in regard to the Schools Commission. Shall there be a. Duncan at its head’! Will‘ there be a prompt, full impar- tial investigation and report? If so, will the Saunders Government with- out-, delay, give effect to the Com-

thing important is a prompt, final and just lenient that will end presentadeplorable conditions. De- lays are dangerous. Time does not wait. What we know about Commis- sions and Governments is gathered from experience of_ what they have done. . . .

Had not the King G." rnrnent consented to the enlargement of the three mile limit of territorial waters to twelve miles the "I'm Alone" inci- dent would rwt have occurred. The rum-running vessel would not have been sunk where she was fired upon, and there would now be no question whet-her she wea-‘twelve or fourteen miles off shore. .

The Mail and Empire asks what Canada got in return for her acqui- escence with the United States‘ pro- posal to‘ enlarge the age-long limit of three miles to, twelve? No doubt it made prohibition more enforceable in the United States, but the King Government is, not committed to pro- hibition. Far from it, but it is pain- fully pro. Americin. No right-think- ing psrson has any sympathy with rumrunners. ‘

Canada's representative at Wash- ington Hon. Vincent Massey as in duty bound, is inquiring into the painful and possibly dangerous inci- dent of sinking of the “I'm Alone." The British Ambassador has not so far taken action. He is cipparently leaving the case for Canada to set- tle. Mr. Massey may. perhaps, con- clude that the sinking of the rum- rllnner ‘was justifiable as Washing- ton contends. The Washington view o! international “ usu- ally gems congenial to Mr. Massey.

nrlwnfl€l

Dee-patches from Mexico recently reported the situation of the rebels as hopeless and gave the impression that the federal troops were every- “where victorious, and the rebellion about over. New we are told the reb- ell have gained another victory. This may prolcmg the conflict, but in tile end the Mexican Government forces aided by United sum oninob. rifles, bombing airplanes and muni- tion supplies u they have been, will undoubtedly prevail.

Parliament willpreeeallyrenule its session at Ottawa and resume the unfinished debate s 9n the budget. ‘lbereiemueh unflnhhedbueinau yettobedispoeedofie-ndthedste ofpcoiega eenoulybeematter ofgueee- __forweeblooome.

hellla-erlredwumlsm sensible enforced absence fremthe

was"? *?r";i"~.";r‘t“'fliilak‘ii** "

-.

THE EDUCATIONAL SITUATION

(a nuvlnvv aY-scuuraron")

Since whiting the third article of this series an event has happened ‘hlch calls for further comme it. '

After the Prime Minister had rc- fusedthe Teachers’ Executive an in- aepeiififit Commission and the strike ordered, a Mr. J. O. C. Campbell (whatever his connection with the Government may be. "is unknowni took the matter in hand. .

In consequence of his interview with one of the teachers the Executive met Hon. B.W. LePage, who conceded to the teachers the very thing which the Premier and the Government had previously refused and so the inde- pendent commission is lo sit in the near future.

What is there to consider that calls for the expense of this Commission? Nearly twenty years ago such a commission was appointed by the then government. It travelled over the whole Island, held sittings and made enquiries over the whole Edu- cational field. The Commission made an Executive report and that was the end of it. The report was laid on the, table of the House but no action was taken. The cut was very consid- erable, but so far as the results were concerned they were nil and it was so much money thrown away.

The present difficulty arose from the teachers asking for increased pay. The Premier admits that they should get it, but that there is no money available and that the increase pay to the teachers would involve increased taxation ."

This being admitted, what is there left for the Commission to do? If the Commission finds, as 1t 1s bound to do, that the teachers should receive additional pay, what then? will it find the money? The thing is ridic- ulous and is only another mode of temporizing with a situation that re- quires a strong, firm hand.

There are three ways open by which money can be made available, both for ordinary purposes including our health program, and increased aid to education. <' ‘

1st. Increased subsidy from the Federal Government.

2. Government control of liquor which would put into the hands of the Government an annual revenue of 8250.000 and, over which now goes into the pockets of the bootl-zggers. 3. Additional taxation.

Federal aid is a thing in the illdef- inite future and towards the obtain-

missions recommendfitliltfll? The lmfifing of which the present government

has done absolutely nothing. Government control is opposed by a government the majority of whose members are strongly 1n favor of the scheme, but who for political purp- oses are willing to allow this revenue to go towards enriching the bootleg- gers. '

As to the last method, additional taxation. it is up to the peopleto say whether they will vote for Govern- ment Control on the coming plebis- cite, or by voting against it submit to the taxes.

There is no other way out. The strike is otf for the present, but it is only a postponement of the evil day, unless additional revenue is forth- comilag in one of the three ways set out above.

Lesson in English By W. B. Gordon.

WORDS OFTEN MISUSED: D0 not say_ weave me alone “to express annoyance. Say "Let me alone." OFTEN MISPRONOUNCED: pine- al; pronounce pin-e-al, 1 as in "pin" or as in “pie." e as in "me,” a as in "at,” accent first syllable. OFTEN MISBPELLED: Sweden; not Sweeden. ' BYNONYMS: laughter, fun, hilar- ity, giggling, merriment, mirth. WORD STUDY: "Use a word three times and it ia' yours." Let us increase our vocabulary by mastering one

word each day. Today's word: AP- POSITE; very applicable; relevant; fit. ‘J-Iere is an apposite illustration.”

public loss as wpli as a sad depriva- tion to the Premier and his col. 1918mm. There is no other within the government group who can fill his place in council or debate with like ability and wisdom.

President Hoover is about to ma. I Illmme and persistent effort to OMONO. the prohibiwry law. ‘Undel- the Jones Act f , enacted much higher penaltiu are provided for all violations than under the Volatoad Act. Prohibitionists are hopeful that with the administration of the law now transferred to the Justice Department, hundreds of new en- forcement oificials appointed and millions of money provided to back them. better results» will be found than heretofore. The big cities, New York, Philadelphia, Chicago, Boston, and other: will first receive atten- tion in the clean-up. Of course there

are mti-proillbitlonists who by the

f m; CHARLOTTETOWN GUARDIAN

n

Great Britain differs from other countries in that offences against ‘me person are comparatively small.

In America. the hold-up man is'a familiarphenomenonhand that some unfortunate pedestrian has been ‘beaten up‘ and robbed, or s. bank messenger has been shot down and the money in his charge stolen, are common items of news.

In Germany there are crimes every year where people have been murder- ed for their money, and whilst I was in Berlin- recently I was shown a pilotograph of a woman who had her throat cut by another woman for a few marks.

This type of crime in Britain is rare. Going back over the Ocriminals who-have been executed in-"this ‘coun- try durlng the past few years, I can only recall three outstanding figures, two of whom were concerned in the same crime.

FOOLS AND FIREARMS

It is a peculiar fact that whenever criminals have stolen and murdered violently, as distinct from poisoning their victims, two meri have invari- ably been concerned. To Browne and Kennedy we add Donovan and Wade. the brothers Stratton, and the two Muswell Hill murderers. The habitual criminal never seems to take life when engaged in his nefarious occu- pation unless he has the oil-operation of another, which is remarkable, since criminals are suspicious of each other, and I always guarding themselves against betrayal even by their best friends.

It is difficult to understand this mentality, but possibly when a crim- inal is accompanied. by another and commits an act of violence, he has the illusion that his AL ponsibllity is halved. The normal burglar-if this: ls not a contradiction of tcl'ms—has) a terror of violence, and some meni have flatly refused to go on a "job“' if a member of the gang has firearms‘ in his possession.

If he carries a jammy, it is for wllai. he regards as a legitimate purpose. but very seldom do the police, in searching on arrested burglar, dis-i cover so much of a life prescrvcr in his pocket. There are exceptions, but| these are amongst young amateurs: who do not realize the terrible danger they run and the sentence which willi come their way if they are found in possession of a loaded revolver.

It is not amongst the higher grades of criminals that you find violent propensities. The murder which 12:1 to tile siege of Sydney Street was car- ried out by Russian aliens, and ulén like Browne and Kennedy are rare. It is amongst the lower strata-the pickpockets and sneak thieves, the pests that haunt places where the public gather in any number, wll0' come either to steal or to assist ill the three-card trick-that crimes of violence are common.

TRUTH ABOUT RACE GANGS

It is amusing to me to read in newsilfliiers b! lffracecourse gangs" abiding in the East End of London. It is true these rival sections are fre- quenters of racecourses. They are also to be found at football matches, in the crowds that gather to see Royalty pass, and even on Armistice Day in the neighbourhood of the Cenotaph. They live on great con. gregations and depend upon con- fusion occasioned by public gathgr. ings to cover their escape.

It is not true that they have any special association with racing,

My experience has been that a racecourse, especially since the ener. Kctlc action of the Stewards, and I think, Sir Samuel Scott, is a, very ggfg place. Fights between factions occur from time to time, and earn a little undesirable publicity

Thee are in London a. number o; small clubs frequented by the 1953i; desirable clement of our populgtjqn, I d0 "05 suggest that all the members are dishonest. but a very lafgg pm. portion of them live on what passes for their wits-very near to the bol-. der-line that separates the jgwgu] from the unlawful. These placeg "e more or less gaming clubs, and the frequentors include the smaller fry 05193185.?’ bookmakers, a oertgln “p; of thief. and that odd collection of people who seem to live without any viaibh means of supper-k

One writer said such a place as the leopard Club. which I have put tum my illly. "The squealer," was gum; imagination, but I have known lever. a1 such clubs. which smart people have bntronisea for the thrill of u.

There wee one a little better than the others. existing for a long time with"! I hundred paces of Piccadilly Circus.‘ It had its premises under. ground. and there once 1 sswi ghost. ly fight between two men, m; up". tutors being ‘lladiee and gentlemen," ll one my iuda their quality by m. fashion and richness of their gfiflgg,