iTHE GUARDIAN!

-om-I Prlnoo ldwud Inland mm in Dow' Published ovary wool:-day morning at 130 Prince Street. Charlottetown, P. E. 1., by The Thomson Company Limited.

lditorIndMaaIgor.l.InA.lurIobt. , Aaooolatoldl .lnnhWIlln. '

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"rho ottongoot memory II he walkout Ink."

Iasilllo lioy

July 14 is observed in France andiby French communities everywhere as Bastille Day. It commemorates one of the dra- matic incidents of the Revolution which changed the political face of the world. Originally the word "Bastille" was used in describing the castles of the Middle Ages, but in French history it took on the mean- ing of a state prison. The Bastille of Paris was one of the very infamous prisons of all time. In pre-revolutionary days, when the French monarch exercised ab- -solute power over the persons of his sub- jects, countless numbers of prisoners, rang- ing from petty thieves to political anarch- ists, were thrown into this vile dungeon where, in many instances, they remained for the rest of their lives, often without trial. It stood in St. Antoine, the birth- place of the Revolution.

Because of its odious character the Bas- tille of Paris was one of the first places to be attacked when the mad crowd broke loose. "Down with the Bastllle"- was one of the war cries of that time of hate and violence. When entrance had been forced, with the aid of some soldiers who had gone over to the people, the attackers found seven living persons; one man had been there for thirty years without sight of the outside world. On the walls a pris- oner had written: "The Bastille shall one day be demolished and the people shall dance on the area where it stood"; I prophecy which was fulfilled to the letter.

After the iniquitous place had fallen on July 14, 1789, Lafayette, the hero of the Revolution, sent a model of it, three feet in length and about half as wide, and a key, to General Washington, accompanied by the following note: "Give me leave, my dear General, to present you with a picture of the Bastille as it looked a few days after I ordered its demolition, with the main key to the fortress of despotism. It is a gift which I owe as a son to my adopted fath- er, as a son of liberty to its patriarch." The model and key have been preserved at Mount Vernon. Where the Bastille once stood as a symbol of terror there now rises a marble monument dedicated to justice, the constitution, strength, and freedom. It is 154 feet high.

lied china and Tile II. ii.

Dealing with the determined opposition at Washington to admitting Red China to the United Nations, the Winnipeg Free Press observes evidence of a "deepening conviction" in other capitals that recogni- tion is now virtually unavoidable, and is in any case the only realistic course in present circumstances. Thus a long smoul- dering issue threatens to blaze up, divid- ing the free nations and dangerously weak- ening the front against militant Com- munism.

What is most urgently needed at the moment, says the Free Press, is a calm re- appraisal of the position of the Western world in its relations with Mainland China. It should he candidly. recognized that in dealings with Pelping, the democracies have faced not a static but a constantly changing situation. At the outset the Brit- ish may well have been premature in ex- tending recognition to a surly regime, in the arrogant flush of military victory. Nevertheless by the spring of 1950, as pub- iic opinion in the United States recovered from the shock of the Nationalist defeat, Washington, for reasons valid enough, was also moving towards recognition. Chinese aggression in Korea altered everything. As Senator Knowiand very properly argued, it was intolerable that any power should be permitted to "shoot its way into the United Nations." -

But it does not follow that the Sen- ator is right today because he was right y erday. The fighting has stopped in K where the military mission of the U Nations -has been accomplished. Tile Itrdggle in lndo-China was in origin I" clvii war and remain: outside the jurisdic- iioii of the United Nations. It is indeed impbrative that communist aggression, I ordlsguioedshouidbebrought too ti by concerted roalstanco but it eanvbe

i . powerruliy that they Knowiahd pol- forifrom advancing thii-come, in now - the deterrent to-7the roalizition of

thwiiiclitliosonatoi-huathoart.

oak: tan ,.

.At27lietookoommand of

only in relations with the Latin American states-to a much older tradition. Far from being a moral act recognition implies solely that a particular regime effectively governs a given territory as the Peiping Government certainly controls Mainland China. - -

Both in England and' New Zealand, recognition of Red China is favored on the ground that such a policy would make It pomible to detach Red China from Soviet Russia. "Senator Knowland and his allies," says the Free Press, "may be entirely right in replying that this is for the pres- ent a very faint hope. But in the Know- land-Nixon policy there is no hope. It is worse than barren because it forces China into Russian arms. It means that in virtually all situations the Kremlin must act in international affairs as the spokes- man of the Peiping regime. The eventual goal of any realistic policy must be a Chinese Government that is the master of its own affairs but the effect of the Know- land policy is to ensure in advance that the conditions for such a development cannot mature."

christian Missions In India

Ever since India, Pakistan, and Ceylon' were granted full political independence leaders of the various Churches have been wondering what long-term effect the change will have on Christian missionary work in that part of the world. Recently, an indication of what to expect was given by Prime Minister Nehru of India whoi told a delegation of Christian members of the Indian Parliament that the Govern- ment would adhere strictly to its policy of full religious tolerance. This means, ac- cording to Mr. Nehru, that every religion, including the Christian, will have "com- plete and equal freedom" in India. It does not mean, however, that the Government will permit "any political activity on the part of missionaries"; nor does it mean that "evangelist work that gets associated with condemnation of some form of India culture" will be tolerated. When this happens, the Prime Minister intimated, it results in conflict and is resented by the Indian people.

Another point made by Mr. Nehru was that, as far as possible, Indian Christian Churches should be independent since, as he put it, "nationalism is a dominant urge in the country." He noted finally that "a tendency on the part of some missionaries to treat natives as primitive and back- ward people hinders the free intercourse which is desirable."

These assurances on the part of the Prime Minister of India will be received with satisfaction in Christian Church councils; the conditions attached to the as- surances should also be well received for they appear to be fair and reasonable. They should prove to be a help, not a hindrance, to Christian missions.

EDITORIAL NOTES

Russia has taken another ustep away from hero-worship and towards collective leadership. Since June 8 the top nine lead- ers have been listed in newspaper stories and elsewhere in alphabetical order rather than according to their relative rank with- in the hierarchy. Formerly one could esti- mate an individual's importance with per- fect accuracy by observing the order of such lists,

0 O 0

According to an Ottawa rumor there is to be no fall session of the House of Commons. The reason given is that there are a number of by-elections to be held- five vacancies exist at the present time in- cluding seats made vacant by the resigna- tion of three cabinet ministers-and that there will be no attempt to hold these elec- tions until after the summer holidays. This will bring the voting on late in the fall.

0 O 0

Despite the disadvantage suffered by the Canadian Indian over the years, notes the Ottawa Journal, not ii few have made their mark in Canada and beyond. One of the senior officials of the federal govem- ment who is proud of his Indian blood is Dr. G. C. Monture, Chief of the Mineral Resources Division, Department of Mines and Technical Surveys. A full-blooded Mo- hawk Indian, Brigadier Martin, rose to field rank in World War II. -In the early years of the present century, a Canadian. Indian, Tom Longboat, ranked among the very top marathon runners of his time.

I O O

Stephanua Johannes Paulus Kruger, four times president of the Transvaal re- public. died this date 1904. All through his life he considered himself under special diVin9'8lIidance and protection. At the age of 1'! he was an assistant field coronet. pnexpedltion Jglifist Sechele, the Eechuanl chief. He entered wholeheartedly into all the political strife of his time and his.-milciel when in office did much to bringiobout tl'icBoer

Catching The Imagination

PUBLIC FORUM

This column in open to the discussion by wircsponilonts of questions of interest. The Guardian doeo not necessar- lly endorse the opinion of wrreopondento. WHERE WOMEN RULE

Sir,-where do women not rule? They are the most. powerful force in our society. Their method is quiet and unobtrusive but they get thelrway. They stay h0m8- They are with the children most of the ilme, Their influence is shed over their lives.

My letter today concerns the women of India. There are in that country 155,000,000 women and they are moulding India to their own mind. They are getting education. They are taking their places in the professions and in business. They vote. They own property. The older Hindus stand aghast at the modern women of India, how they assume leader- ship and get away with it) how they go to college and learn the sacred Sanscrit which no wnmrin is allowed to learn. They even learn English. '

worst of all in the eyes of the ancients of India. the wife no longer looks upon her husband as ii. god through whom alone she has hope of Nirvana. So sacred is her husband that she will not pro- nounce his name. Equality with man is not thought oi. New ideas are fast spreading throughout In- dla, and the women especially are doing it.

Typical of the ideal Indian wo- man is Sits, wife of Rama the god of the Hindus. who deserves higher honour than her husband, but because she was a woman never got what was her due. Among I-llndus there are thousands of Indian women as fine as Sits. I shall choose one as an illustra- tion, Pandlto. Rama-bal, born in 1058 of high caste parents. she was small of stature but of com- mandlng personality. Early in life she became concerned with the and condition of Indian woman- hood, child marriage, child widows, the ignorance and slavery of In- dlan women. She was among the first to open schools for women. At one time she had 19,000 famine victims in her care, feeding and teaching them.

An I young woman she became very dissatisfied with Hinduism and went to England, to st.Marytr Convent and saw for herself the simple Christian life lived and their wqrk among the poor of London. Ramabal became is Chris- tian and was baptized. To further her education she went across to the United stated, and in a lecture tour took the American people by storm. They formed Pandita Rain- abal societies and supported her school work in India. Her lectures were in perfect English with in touch of London in them.

After six years she returned to India where she was met with mingled feelings. Those who were waiting for the new India received her with open arms, but the or- thodox Hlndus were suspicious of this new and learned woman who new so much more than they did and had embraced Christian- ity. They feared she would lead their Indian women astray, but thus great spirit Qho loved India and especially the downtrodden woman. threw herself ind: her work of education and reform, in which she spent the root of her lifo which ended peacefully in her sleep in 1922, having given over fifty years of heroic service to her beloved India.

I am, air, otc.,

ltanloy Bridge.

W. I. GREEN

Tho Ago Old Story

.lnowyotliattloLord lie II Godr it to lib flat hath made us. Ind not we ourselves; on In bio people, and Ibo snoop of mo posture.

Nrw. not nnovman "

-

e e town Jill! this Cottclptldn boy omloinoot Honda when he fell from I rock

tutor, He was swim-

In 1899 he fled to Duropogond re- oidod It Utrecht. I .

I

-,&n”1,wrh”coiIipInlonI when no -

ATLANTIC Llirrrnn

New Brunswi-ck

By Douglas Howo

FREDERICTON - New Bruns- wick is facing both an opportunity and a dilemma quite beyond any- thing it's known. Together they are of national significance be- cause they bring to I head the question of something approaching uniform national development in I federal state made up of regions whose differences thwart it

This province has lagged be- cause. it was long said, it had nei- thcr the power nor the resources to do otherwise. Now it has en- ough of both on thehorlzon to make it, potentially, I small ec- onomic dynamo. To exploit fully the newly-found resources of Bathurst's mineral fields and oth- ers, it must have cheap power in relative plenty and this too is now known to be available in the St. John River. There is the oppor- tunity, one that could start a re- volution in the Maritime economy.

But there also is the dilemma. The province is ill equipped to finance the cheap power to spark the revolution. its public debt al- ready has reached the delicate stage where it absorbs nearly I quarter of the provincial govern- ment expenditures just for ser- vice charges. A population (rough- ly 525,000) half the size of Mont- real's bears this burden with I per capita income less than 60 per cent of Ontario's. The 6,000 miles of power lines built to serve this thin and scattered realm. the lack of developed waterpower and other factors have resulted in the further burden of just about the costliest power in Canada.

All these things have merged in one vicious cycle in which indus- try largely ignored the province because- of its small and costly power and the province couldn't do much about it because the lock of industrial development kept it poor. Now at last it can begin to see I bright tomorrow -only to have these yesterdays bobble it,

o . .

Yet already one can see clearly in Fredericton the start of a race to have more and cheaper power available within the next few years to coincide with BIthurIt'I needs. The race must be made. no matter what the obstacles, for the alter-

native is to surrender much of Ba'thursi.'s prospects and, with them, tomorrow itself.

Three power sites on the St. John River have been adjudged economic but the current pivot is one of these, Beechwood. It alone would about double the power out- put to roughly 300,000 h.p., even then only about five per cent of Quebec's. With the right financing, it would start I marked down- ward trend in power costs that would eventually affect the whole provincial industrial picture. So Beechwood is the key, the spark. the start.

But it will cost :45 million: and than not for short of the prov- inclal government's entire annual income. It might be , red to the unlikely prospect of Ottawa taking on' I Iinglc project costing close to its entire annual revenue of :45 billions. To go to the money markets for this sort of financing, particularly in View of tho prov- lnce'I top-heavy financial struc- ture. would lead to what tho Flemming government bar called "prohibitive" power coats. Actu-

Power Problem

tractively so and it would create revere financial problems quite outside the power question.

In its dilemma, New Brunswick has gone to Ottawa and laid in effect, "will the nation as a whole help us over this hurdle? Once we've made this big step. we hope and feel we'll be able to go on by ourselves." It Iouglit I loan granted over a period of years at no or cheap interest- not I federal handout to provide temporary jobs but I federal in- vestment, that would be repaid. in something rolld that could create years of jobs .that would create more jobs.

Ottawa replied that it would not be "right or proper” for it to give help on those llnrr for development of provincial resour- ces. In this, it doubtless has the comfort and the legality of the constitution behind it. But in a nation of sharply-differing region- al prosperltles, in I time of fast- breaklng but uneven national de- velopment, lt implies a lack of llexibility,'even of scope for in- ternal statesmanshlp .It the core of our national structure.

- u .

Here is I new situation quite suddenly developed and quite urgent. A have-not province be- comes I could-have province and Ottawa finds it would not be pro- per for the nation to help the transformation even though the rewards, ti: the whole notion, of I more prosperous, leu frustrat- ed New Brunswick could be llrge. It's been suggested in the put that Canada need: an equivalent of Britain's development loans for its have-not areas. Beechwood is a salient illustration. One can only wonder whether the billion- dollar unemployment insurance fund could not be used, in port, to backruch positive projects to start development chain-reactions rather than being kept in nega- tive entrenchments waiting for Jobs to vanish.

In its mineral situation alone, the N. B. stakes on Itorkly clear. Already one can sense in visiting Bathurst and Fredericton that it's not going to be easy for the prov- ince to get the mining interests '19 locato within its boundaries the plants that would carry this bonanza into tho real riches of processing and secondary indus- try. Yet without that Bathurst could become just another good regional primary industry, om- ploylng leu man than the slump- Ing Marltimo coal industry. is having to cut loose: could be- come just another facet in the economic colonialism the area has known too , long. Without the prospect of lot: of cheap power. the province would be largely helpless to prevent it. Small wonder, therefore, that it's Itlll hoping and working to change Ot- tIwn'I mind.

But thlI goo: beyond Buthurst. Evernwithout it, the province will need in Inothor '1 or 8 your all Boochwoodh newer first throtllll normal growth. It's awakening and moving ahead. The original impetus that led to the prospects both of Botburst and the St. John i-Ivor came from within - belat-

ally it would be possible this wli to get cheapo power but not It-

1

"We got ii iuick inn, , in llFC...TIi.ii,on,yoo-ll'p' a

div perhaps, but Ilgnificaotlyn

Fpu-oats:

common: in tho union ' lo lot. .2, I.ooo.ooo. but

' Board of the Atomic Energy Com-

hogoditary. Otiilli" with oil!!- ann. V Journal.

In inn-om

Word-production of tho lloono of Just dosed that in no- official. Anybody. who wants the aunt figure can count them for hlmoalf-ovory int word is in the nearly, 1,000 pages of Hanurd.

. I -Ottawa Journal.

Towed, offohoro from run. I Frenchman 1.: trying to drift across the Pacino on I Iinail raft. with no company but I. parrot and .1 cat. WI can think of many more cheer- ful oompanlonl than I. out parrot and I wot cat. Why not something more damp-resistant, I duck, my, and In otten, -Toronto star.

We remember b -'ng long ago of I magistrate who found a pri- soner not guilty, but warned him never to repeat the offence again. That seemed something like the cue of'Dr. J. Robert Oppenheimer in the United States. The security

mission "has found him completely loyal but that he should no longer bo trusted with government secrets. what! the score?

The National Council of Wo- men It the week-end congratulated itself on women's "pr " in the political field in Canada but on sober reflection most women ourcly can't find much to cheer about. Thli ll. supposlnl they wont to cheer, which in by no means cir. taln. It's I generation or more since women were given the vote in Canada. and in this fut-moving world A lot can be done in a. gen- eration. given the will. But women have yet to capture the great share in public life which was the goal of the early-century feminists like Mrs. Pankhurst and Carrie Chap- man Catt. -Vancouver sun.

Old Clio iiotiotown

and P. I. I. IMPERIAL DUTIES

"Importers of wine, gin, brandy and other articles rubloct to hug. lei impaled by the Imperial Par. llament for the regulation of Com- merce and the payment of Of. l'icers' salaries. in the Colonies, are probably not aware that the duties on Iuch 'u-ticlcs levied It the Custom House on importa- tion here, will. from henceforth, he received only inxBrltlsh Money, or in Spanish Dollars at the rate of four shillings and four pence each. n

"A petition was Iddrouad to the Lloiitenant Governor in May last. by several individual: an- gaged in trade, stating the Indon- venience, if not absolute impossi- bility. of complying with the in- struction: of the Board of Cus- toms, requiring tliout duties to be paid in British Money or -in Spanllh Dollars. when His Excel- lency interposed on their behalf, and the Collector consented to re- ceive Trouury notes, and the oth- er money current In the country, in payment of thou dutiu until tho can should be made known to the Board of Cuotoms, to whom he immediately communicated the circumstance.

"In lanswer to his. communica- tion the Board transmitted. for the governance of their offlcorl, I copy of the Treasury Minute in reference to communications on the nine subject from Lower Canado, New Bninswlck, Nova Scotla and Newfoundland. and which, as for It lent no respect: tho Island. sffordI no relaxation

E?

:2 g: g

gig-.'.s ii

for it. The mind is like A house- thorc is always some job to be done in it. There is always some new idea that has not yet 11 thought, through, some book than in. not yet been time to read, mm. quotation to be tracked to its laurcc and verified, even Ionic half-tam. lllar word to be looked up in thq dictionary pnd made into I com. pletely understood and useful piece of the mlnametiguiplnifnk

-Pi-our an e r a or . pie, Hamilton spectator-.youw no

. 7A? .

W G-that IUIIMII DAWN

When the Iunirolir up behind a

wall of grey Crlnking the edge: of In indolent

cloud With gold and orange broldory. and the. grey Unfolding undulations swiftly crowd Over the ocean, how easy to lleve The world still young-so sharply do we feel I The limpld fruhneu of tho morn-

lrig-Itoal .

Along the edges of the mind and leave

A luster on the body like the glow i

Of aunriise on,tho tide. Gladly we

Our faces to the out ll islands

ow

Their tenderort Imiloo It day-

break. All the drift

Of life is flooding with new hopes that run

And touch us I'I tho

touched with Iun. ' -Wilbert Snow.

bay ll

llofrigoriitlon

same a simvion Repairs To all room

muons,

Rewinding and ELECTRICAL

APPLIANCE! t Repairs

Painor Electric

Plionu our-uu

whatever of the original order." -P. E. I. Register, Jan. 0, 1829.

1

diagonal I ciircxs