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IAGE FOUR ‘TI-IE GUARDIAN

I slfauldlrl ll llfl) s-s..-"'..£".".' 2.1.’. m» smi. has Mil-e llralstuieus, 00min. The laluail Guardian ajIhllllI-III Co. lam-r and ltealllul nimm- I l1 I'm"- Aeeaoleoa Idllar. Frank Welhea.

,"Tli_a' Strongest Memory is Weak" "Ill the Weakest ink.’

_ CHABLUITETOWN. FRIDAY, JULY, 20. 1M0 The ileyal Assent In P.E.l.

ln. our Provincial history there have been four cases of withholding of assent to Legisla- tihe enactments, and ten cases of reservation of Provincial bills for the Governor General's pleas- ure. These instances a-re reviewed in an inter- esting article in the May issue of the Canadian Journal of Economic and Political Science by Prof. Frank MacKinnon, M. A., now principal of Prince of Wales College, who was head of the ilepartment of political science at Carleton Col- lege, Ottawa, when the article was published.

The Dominion, Mr. MacKinnon points out, has never disallowed an lsland statute although it came close to doing so on several occasions. But the lsland has contributed a constitutional oiece de resistance in the form of a unique and spectacular case on the giving of Royal assent which may provide as much academic discus- iian as it has caused political and legal con- fusion. The reference, of course, is to the assent given by the Lieutenant Governor to the Prohibi- tion Act Amendment of i945 (six months’ scripts) which had been refused assent by his predeces- ior and which had hung "in what was thought to be suspended animation for some time after the iession of the Legislature had ended." The lo- zal Supreme Court has passed iudgment on this rose, having had "the unique privilege of con- lemning a ‘Royal assent’ and declaring it, and tonsequently the statute itself, null and void."

The controversy which followed the pro- clamation of the Prohibition Act amendment in i945 arose, it-is pointed out, from the absence in the British North America Act of any indi- cation of the status of a bill which is refused assent by a Lieutenant Governor. "ls the bill dead forthwith, or is it just suspended until something happens to it? Can Royal assent be given to a bill after the House has been pro- rogued? The pertinent sections 55, 56, 57 and 90, and the instructions to the Governor do not give the slightest guidance lo a Government which may be tempted to override a refusal of assent by some positive action other than calling the Legislature into special session."

Other instances of withholding assent to Provincial Acts were in connection with a bill to incorporate the Orange Lodge, i880, a bill to permit the sale of Government House, I920, Ind the Church Union fill, i924. ln these in- Jtances there was no open conflict between the Governor and his advisers, arid the Cabinet made no effort to frustrate his opposition by subsequent action.

Although it has avoided disallowance of lsland Acts, the Dominion has often used the threat of disallowance to force desired changes. Ihe Minister of Justice, after noting what he

Tfioiisidered tobe irregular clauses in a Provin-

tial Act, generally advised the local Govern- ment of his objections and sought assurance that the measure in question would be amended in the following session. The lsland authorities, Mr. McKinnon notes, have usually complied, al- though on one occasion the Provincial Premier pointed out that such procedure was anomalous in view of the fact that no Government could bespeak the action of a Legislature in advance.

A lsland Again Overlooked

The magazine "Holiday," a publication of ‘the Curtis Publishing Co., Philadelphia, U.S.A. dgvotes 20 pages ‘in its August issue to Canada and vividly portrays this country in story and picture as a tourist delight. The artwork is excel- lent; both black and white pictures and four colour reproductions are printed showing points of interest in Ottawa, Montreal, Vancouver, _To-

-ronto, Winnipeg, rural scenes in Quebec, West-

-=ern Canada and N-ewfoundland. One large pic-

tute is very familia-r to Mr. T. F. Mitchell, mana-

r of the Ban-k of Nova Scotia, Charlottetown.

i: shows cowpunchers driving their herd across

Milk River, en route from Southern Alberta to trimmer pasture further North.

While the issue is designed to draw tourists from the United States to Canada, it is not likely that many will be influenced to come to the Maritimes which are written of as "a de- pressed area" featuring the New Brunswick La- oient credited by the author to Lord Beaverlirook.

"Oh, the Juries Boys!

They built a. mill

On the aide of a hill;

And they worked all nlfl And they worked all day. But they just couldn't make That gosh-darned sawmill pay."

Of Prince Edward lsland the author says only:— "Ten miles off shore, in the Gulf of St. Lawrence are the rich, red lowlands of Prince Edward lsland. with nearly every acre under cul- tivation. Three quarters of the Islanders are

farmers - mainly potato farmers. As in lre- ' land, potatoes do not appear to make fortunes. ln i940, the average incoine in two of the ls- land's three counties was no more than $600 a ~ year; in the third county it was less than $400."

This report might be suitable for inclusion

, ln our brief on Provincial Fedeial relations, but as a bid for tourists it appears slightly tirade- quate, especially when not one lsland scene is shown in the isrui.

Serlsas Situation

The Canadian Press reports from Ottawa so for there ls no definite indication as to hard the Dominion wLie hit lhfeh the; the-caster re ll . e s llag twespofwthr lgtlth Ce-rhomoriweollli. The * ‘ _ that l‘ "high the Depart- » r » r awn-i w.

recommend lo their governments substantial cuts in dollar imports. These, it is esliiflfll“. Vi" mean that the countries affected will buy $6.59,- 000,000 a year less from Canada, the United States and other countries of the dollar bloc. Canada's share of this loss of business has not yet" been figured, but it will not be light. In some cateoories. indee . it is certain that Ca- nada will be the heaviest hit — unless some modification of policy can be worked out in the meantime.

Canada's Minister of Finance, Mr. Abbott says that "positive action" is necessary to a long- term solution of the dollar shortage in the ster- lina areas. He adds that he does not think dollar cuts are a Slkfe cure for anything, and he is firmly convinced that "there has oat to be a positive solution." Pendina that, however, Mr. Abbott himself admits that "a very real curtail- ment" of sterlina-area purchases from Canada is in prospect, with nan-ferrous metals and pulp and paper most seriously affected.

‘JEDITORIAL NOTES!

A considerable number of citizens here in- tend taking in the Gaelic Mod in Cape Breton. i I I

monton, Alberta, has arrived at Halifax for the

bi-centennial celebration. A "Spud lsland spec-

ial" from the West for Old Home Week would

seem to be in order. I Q O .

y According to the report of the Fisheries Con- ference at Moncton, the only consolation the delegates obtained from Fisheries Minister May- hew was that in the salt or pickled fish bracket prices were high and market good.

Although it has been a separate service since i947 the American Air Force has only this week seen the last organizational thread which had linked it with its parent, the U. S. Army. Soldiers must look with a certain awe at the ‘flock off the old chip."

By extra pay for voluntary flying by desk- bound personnel the R. C. A. F. is attempting to meet a problem which has long confronted the Navy. To counter a tendency to become land-locked, promotion in the senior service is dependent upon “sea-time" in each rank or ICN. .

I I '4

The Englishman who merely rolls up his sleeves for the job is not going nearly far enough to suit the Government. Sir Hartley Shawcross, British attorney-general, says, "lt is time British industry took its shirt off, pulled its socks up and made itself the most efficient in the world."

I I I

The margarine appeal which will soon be going to the Privy Council, is neither being sup- ported nor opposed by the Dominion Government. It is Ottawa's policy to end the restrictions on the butter substitute but at the some time it would be unheard of for federal counsel to ar- gue that anything is outside Ottawa's jurisdic- tion.

I i R

Further complaints are being made by sleepy residents regarding horn-blowing by ,,au- toists late at night and early in the morning. The offenders are said to be usually autoists attempting to attract the attention of friends without the trouble of getting out of their cars to ring the door bell. '

I Q i

According to the Daily Press, Richmond, Va., 82 per cent of dozens of service clubs and similar organizations-questioned, did not know a grace to say before meals. As a consequence it has prepared an eight-piece table mat set with a different grace printed on each one to be placed conveniently at the disposal of club men at their luncheons and dinners.

i i i . If the railway claims of the Province do not receive favourable consideration by the Royal Commission it will not be the fault of those presenting our case. The information was splen- didly prepared and ‘admirably presented by counsel. The witnesses heard had as a rule the facts at their finger tips, leaving little to be drawn out in cross examination. Q i‘ I

Future Island highways may again take on their traditional red colour if experiments in Britain are successful. The British Road Research Laboratory is trying out a resinous binder which is almost translucent and costs as little er- dinary bitumen. With the binder and a clean white aggregate it is possible to obtain a fine white asphalt which may be easily be coloured by any desired pigment.

i I

William Wilberforce, M. P., English philan- thropist, died this, date i833; supporter and friend of Pitt, he become member for Hull at the age of twenty-one as an independent; be- came leader of a committee pledged to abolish slavery; owing to his exertions, and the help of Pitt, resolutions on three occasions were passed in the House of Commons condemning slavery, though the Act abolishing the slave trade In the British dominions‘, wgs l'l0l’ passed till i807.

"Those members of the Association and their ladies who took in the tour of the Maritime Pre-

St. Andrews will doubtless regard the visit to Prince Edward lsland on Tuesday, June l4, or one of the most interesting and on], able ex- periences of the whole trip." This is e pleas- ing introduction to an article describing‘ in de- -tail the recent visit of the Canadian Manufactur- ers Association party to Charlottetown/appear- ing in the 70th anneal general meeting number If Industrial Canada. Tlih Association chartered

Clll’

vinces following the annual general meeting at

I

THE GUARDIAN. '

FARM-WI?! Before the flaming of the dawn She's up to put the coffee on. To act the table. to bake the bread. To open the door of the chicken- shed, To rattle the well-chain down. to drop And draw the bucket to the top.

Mom the kitchen-stoop the ferns wife sees

The dawn flame over the dewdsxk trees.

The breakfast done. the bedquilts laid.

The butter churned in the dooryard shade, -

The rooms all swept end the hells between

The furniture dusted, the dishes clean, J

The dinner cooked, and the dinner

one. . The supper to get. and the wash

begun.

ln spite of the many possible combinations wrong)’: the honeybee-drone of the

for a reorganized Provincial Government it seems “Fm” unlikely that changes will greatly affect ‘lsland she 1:1"? tun" whim“ ‘ heme‘ policy. lt will still be o Jones Government. The dark comes early, comes cool

e e '- end deep. A "Bluenose special” all the way from Ed- whenfiggensllver’when children

When fingers are when farmers dream,

She scours the crock for the morn- ing cream.

when supper is over, when crickets

WENT,

CW. v When frogs are croaklrsg, when batwtngs fly.

The farm-wife dlms a dusky lamp.

At step-worn doorsill stands a spell

To breathe a. breath of evening damp,

To watch the stars above the well.

-Bronson Blake in the Washington Post.

Old Charlottetown f (And r. r. a.)

THE PALLADIUM

The first newspaper published in Charlottetown by Edward Whelan when tie came here from Halifax as a young man was The Palle- dlum, a weekly journal which was discontinued after two years of stormy existence, Mr. Whelan sub- sequently achieving his mark as editor by founding The Examine:- in 1847. The following favorable reference to the first issue of The Palladium ls from The New Bruns- wlcker of October, 1843: -

“We have received copies of

paper bearing the title The Palla- dium, published in Charlottetown. P. E. I. It ls in quarto form, neat- ly got up and well printed. and its contents are sparkling and racy. The Executive of the Island comes in for a large share of animedver- sion. and many and glaring abuses which exist in the Colony are shewn up with no beble or spur- lng hand. When it is considered that the whole public business of the Island ls conducted by six men and a boy, who compose is small family circle, it ls not surprlsink that matters should go out of joint sometimes, and require public at- tention. g "ThePalledium is in direct op- position to The Islander. mpaper established not long since to sup- port. the views of Sir Henry Hunt- ley. The Islander ls edited by Mr. Blake Irving. a retired school- master; but. report says that Cep- tain Swabey, a half-pay officer. resident in Charlottetown. ta the reel editor, as well as the rent Gov- ernor of the, Colony, Sir Henry Huntley being much under his in- fluence. Be that as it may, we wish The Palladium every success. and we gladly extend to it the right hand of‘ fellowship."

Bonus Survey Wanted

(By John Atkins. in The Scene.

Broom-bridge) New that the vote-g ttlng ss- pecta of the family llowance

scheme have served their purpose. it ls time to make a thorough and searching study of the results of family allowance ,.aymenta which to date amount to over a billion dollars, and of the alternative means of spending more construc- tively. for the betterment of Cars; adlan children, the money in- volved. ,

Invaluable and representative in- formation could be secured by checking the family records against the liquor permit records of, the Province of On- tario... The people of Ontario. whose liquor purchases are record- ed. are typical Canadians, no bet- ter and no worse than the people of pther provinces. While the per- sonal habliaaf parents are not to be governed by welfare administra- tors, they do indicate the desir- ability of direct. welfare bonuses. The extent to which recipients of family allowances uor should be light of all the social problems lu- volved in direct p-ymente- to vot- ers by governments. With this basic evidence before it s compet- ent ocmmissiou oould extend its

prob A survey of the nutrition condi- tion of Montreal school children snowed that two-thirds of them were undernourished. ‘they ate a representative group of urban children in Canada. ~'I'helr under- naurlshment may be due to Wm food expenditures rather than little food purchasing. ‘the extent e t I l2..'lll°‘t'l'".ll.i.'l”s a... “' " tlol of family ' More;

llflllttl’

nnohssoresrooitvseiieit at

study into the many pheaea of the m, em. r

W?‘ '

anouloseeivmsetrsa. tel-- hall.

CHARLOTTETOWN

- tsslrlagstthsllresstlotere

Jirr-Ir-rvgrs m "u.-.

was: erg-Years;

Prince Coward falsua ts anxious to bocloeer to the higtradlna trial’-

‘ kata- of Quebec. Ontario and New

my“; 1- populous areas from which abs hopes. also. so attract more tourists in the future. g This desire ls the motivating fec- tor behind many afthewtdely vex- ied recommendations submitted by the Island's Government to the Royal Commission on ‘transporte- tion.

For instance, Prince Edward Is- land advocates the cosutructlop of the Chltnecto- Ol-hll—-WlllC.l would greatly shorten the water route from the Island to the Bay of Fundy ports and the United States Atlantic seaboard. ‘The Is- land favors the amalgamation of the two Canadian railway sys- tems - one of the practical rea- sona being that her freight rriov- 123 to and from Central Canada c la tfiesdvsntaize of the snor: Canadian Pacific Railway llne from Saint John to Montreal. cutting lcwls northern Maine. llllmluatlonof charges on the New Brunswick-Prince Edward Is- land ferry service would, by reduc- ing transportation costs. also serve to bring the. little seisglrt Prov- ince closer to the melniau . 1n a similar manner. any br aenli-g of the concessions granted under the Maritime Heilht. Rates Act of 1927 - as urged by the P. E. I. Government —- would have the cl- fect of moving the Island many miles closer to Central Canada, 1n- sofar as the ability of her produc- ers to , there was con-

Life In Moscow

(Kenneth Hare-Scott ln London

. Time and 'I‘lde)

It la well known that the Rus- sian people have little say ‘in the affairs at the Soviet Union. In fact. they have none. But it is not so well known that their condi- tions of life have much to do with the complete dlstlnterest in all that goes on beyond the boundary of the local community. Life in Moscow reveals something of the conditions which abound in all the cities of the Soviet Union and. I om sorry to say. are rapidly be coming the lot of the German towns in the Soviet Zone.

In Moscow rind elsewhere there is an acute shortage of accom- modation beyond anything known in Western countries and two or three families live. cook. wash and lmpovlse sanitary arrangements -—- ull in one roam. An employer is responsible for housing his work- ers and this ls often the best. he can do. In the professionsmnd business you are either above or below the rank of general and to be above you must be in charge of a division of workers, which means many thousands. Then only do you get a room or two to yourself and your Wife ls exempt. from working outside the home. The reason for this terrible over- "Owdlfls is the acute shortage of building materials. l __

e e a

The standard diet. ls bread and salt cabbage. Anything else which can be obtained within the limits of the worker's wage packet ls mixed into the stew-pot. the basis of communal cooking. Shops are available for each category of in- dividual according to empluyment; for instance. the manual worker cannot make purchases at the law- YBH H109. the artist must not use the generate shop ma so m, A special shop known as the "free" shop exists for everyone but prices are quite prohibitive-a watch t the generate shop would cg about £15 and in the free sh about £50.

All women take psld employment except the wives of "generals", be. cause the worker's wage is insuf. ficlent to support g_wlf¢_ 5m, must worlc or starve. And m; tragedy of the lives of so many Russians today is the shortage of raw materials which alone can create enough employment to go round. Skilled workers are few and widely scattered, working for the most part in armament fac- tories or serving in the armed forces at the expense of public utlities which urgently need mm. nlcisns.

The economic strain of war p“. paredness and the appalling do. struction of towns, livestock and "W! in the war years have reduc- ed the living conditions of the Soviet townsman to e level which would make hlm envy the cave. dweller of another age, is hi; knowledse of history was suflloi.

"Ill? profound for hlm to know ~

of 131st earlies- stage in man's evo.

allowance 1""

n! flfht for existence la con- tinuous and absorbs all -thought, and time to the exclusion of any Wflflylns about international com- plexities. The worker or penny is comparable in habit and intel- lect. to the tribal native: in Nor- way in rose 1 sew liberated Rm. "In Pf‘ l. in pathetic ignor- ance. eat raw fish. gape at o; ghy IWIY ffmn ‘oars gpd run fear when addressed. W‘ WW" of the U. s. a. n. of llalrmlcnrtbslngs’ lire with

o e ns

the outside world. on o’ “m! were the Red A ""- 4""!!! or iminealathil-yy "I ‘fermbeoame fascinated with

I loss of the civilised world_

( "nu-sari ‘as our men cell-them) had seven. een watches end sreacb one stop- Wl h ttnawsy until some.

That- frlehtenea hlm "l"! Ilve them all other am: Mei-oval ' bowels 1'2.‘

tinuously to and 1P0. l°m¢ilm°5 empty. sometimes contslninz W?‘ sons of high rank. Police will es- cort an empty car as oonvlnclnfl- ly as one bearing Stalin lumself- so that no one knows for certain may my particular individual is 1n any particular car at any particu- lar moment. It. is extravegnt but effective. '