Che Guardian !

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-. “The strongest memory is weaker ens than the weakest ink” PAGE 4 TUESDAY, JAN. 11, 1966.

Tragedy At Tashkent

The world was shocked by- the _ news yesterday of the sudden death | _ of India's Prime Minister Shastri, only a few hours after signing a new agree- ment for peace with Pakistan at a summit meeting arranged by the Soviets at Tashkent, in Ruisia’s Cen- tral. Asia.”

Premier Shastri’s. week-long con- ference with Pakistani President Ayub Khan does not appear to have settled the quarrel between the two countries over Kashmir and other major issues that have taken them to war twice in 17 years. But their host, Soviet Premier Kosygin, was said to have persuaded ‘his guests to end their talks_on a “positive note,” and they ' agreed, reportedly, to withdraw troops from_along their inflamed frontiers and work for “normal and peaceful” relations once more. A nine-point’ “Tashkent declaration,” aimed at”4 lessening tension, was signed. It was after a function celebrating this event, in the early. hours of yesterday. morn- ing, that the Indian leader succumbed

¥

*

is vivid proof that the Ulbricht re- ‘gime still has no faith in the loyalty of its people.”

It is said that some 400 East

Germans made it safely across the Wall in -the-first 11 months of 1965 ‘and another four to five times that many were caught attempting to es- “cape and were shot or imprisoned. | But over 99. per cent of East Berlin- ‘ers have not thought an escape to the West worth the risk of their lives. Many of them, to be sure, are too-old or infirm to even consider an attempt. “However, even many of the yourger. people do not think in terms of. escape. + One factor noted by'a Berlin cor \respondent of the New York Times in this connection is interesting. This is the fact that life is getting better in the Soviet zone. There, is more food in the shops, the clothes are more stylish. The world is changing; things “may grow more liberal in East Ger- many.

ed to increase security precautions at the border in the waké of the at- tempted post-Christmas escape. There has also been talk by the East Ger-

the Wall by making a wider “death strip” alongside the barrier and per-

trench in some areas.

duce its absurdies. Recently too young’

German girls across the- border by | dressing in United States Army uni-( forms and driving their cars with stolen American military license plates. American authorities reacted to this daring enterprise by saying they had “great sympathy” for escap- ‘ing East Germans and rejoiced at: successful attempts.. But the Army could not find it in its heart to “con- done” the use of stolen. plates and uniforms.

~——“to-aheart-attack: . _ ‘Thus ended the year and a half’s regime of the man who succeeded to ~the heavy burdens of the late Prime. Minister Nehru, and whose conscien- tious effort to cope with India’s mas- sive problems of poverty, ‘Hilteracy. ~~ ‘feligious strife, economic backward:— ness and running feuds with China and Pakistan were said to have kept :

~him-workirig-16-hours-or-more_a-day. Himself born in abject poverty.

Shastri_had a profound awareness of |

the problems of India’s undér-privi- ‘leged. He had been Nehru’s closest, most. trusted confident. for nearly a decade and was preeminently a man of the people. K

What effect will his’ dramatic passing have on India’s future_rela- tions with Pakistan? The Soviets, hav- ing sponsored the Tashkent confer- ence, are already. proclaiming it a

“victory for Soviet diplomacy: It was}

indeed a step in the right: direction, and. it is conceivable that yesterday’s tragedy will draw both the contending

' parties more closely together.. On both sides, surely, it must have come. .as a shocking reminder of the brevity

_..and uncertainty of human life.

“A wider question concerns India’s own: future at this critical juncture. Premier Shastri was regarded’ as a skilled compromiser, and was able to keep in check a Congress party rife with factionalism and intrigue. He was said to be the only man his col- leagues on all sides would trust with power. They must now decide upon another leader, and their choice could well determine the path their country will take in the years to come.

Still The Berlin Walk

rlt’s back to normal again for West Berliners, many thousands of whom ~were—able—to.join..their_relatives in_| East Berlin briefly during the Christ- ‘mas holidays. But the Wall was very — much in evidence, even at that time. On the day after Christmas, one young German tried to go through the other way, andgwas riddled with bullets by Conimunist ‘border guards.‘ There were other. shooting incidents that served to remind’ West Berliners of the harsh -realities of their position. They, hate the Wati.now as much as ever, but they also realize that, for’ the present at least, there is nothing they can do about it. .

For the East German government, there can be no question of the Wall coming down. Before it was erected™ on Aug. 31, 1961, some three million East Germans had fled to the West. Asefar as the West Germans are con- * cerned only the Wall prevented East ~Germany from. becoming ‘an empty country, - pépulated’ only by a few __ party faithful and old people.to man the farms and factories. As a West

eT city official but it, “It is a blow ..

My, We

~while—-5,000-- persons —entered—--the-.

.-——ot—_—_________—

-Even_tn-Ontario _

One would imagine that in Ontario

at least, where teachers’ salaries-are the highest in Canada, there would be little trouble in maintaining the pedagogical supply. Yet it was an- ‘nounced recently in Toronto that

teaching profession in the province's high schools last year, 8, 000) 0} aropped

In a survey doclieca i to find: out the cause of the drop-outs, made in | :London, ‘Windsor, . Kingston ‘and Owen Sound, it was found that of 107 . who quit their jobs for other work, + 44 resigned because the. work. load was too heavy, 20 because the burden of preparing lessons was too great; ten complained about the size of their classes, ahd 14 felt the lack of -free periods during the day.

It just goes to show that under the stress of modern requirements, t he teacher’s job isn’t such a cinch as many people conceive it to be. But it is probably true that most of those | who have stopped teaching for one reason or another will have discover- ed that thefe are just as many draw- backs in any line of endeavor through- out the industrial field:~The modern trappings, of our economy encourage workers to seek as much ease as pos- sible. ‘ Most of us have to learn the hard way that worthwhile occupation demands a maximum of.hard work.

to the Fast German regime every time , somebody comes over to us. The Wall

Meanwhile, the East German Mili- | tary Commandant of Berlin threaten- &

mans. recently about “modernizing” |

haps by replacing .the wall with a

The Wall also continuesto—pro-—

West Germans smuggled two East |

cS ee eee

On | the less wealthy Old World, by

. training was paid for by

__| end of the second World War.”

_| _W,

“EDITORIAL NOTES

We're still the gabbiest people in the world, according to the latest “ edition of The World’s Telephones,

eompiled by the American Telephone and Telegraph Company. For the 15th. consecutive year, it shows Canadians to be the most frequent telephone

|_users. We placed an average of 622.8 calls during 1964. The ‘United States~ held second position with an average of 591 calls per person; Sweden fol- lowed with a 449.6 average. The U.S. continued to rank ‘first in the total ‘number of phones in operation with 88,410,000.

*

compete at San, Juan, Puerto Rico, next June in the 10th Central Ameri- can and Caribbean Games. The spot- | lighty however, will be on the athletes from Cuba. For the first time in sev- eral years, the United States State Department plans to grant entry rvisas~-to-a-team -from=:Communist= Cuba. Although Puerto Rico is a self- governing commonwealth, the U.S. government controls immigration and © entry. The Cubans are expected to make a good showing in fencing and ‘track—two of the 15 events at the games, in which representatives of 18 islands, territories and nations will compete.

More than 1,500 top athletes will |

AERIAL VIEW, SECTION OF MONTAGUE cm

OTTAWA REPORT By Patrick Nicholson

Jean Marchand, newly-elect- ed Liberal MP. and newly pointed Minister: of Citize and Immigration, .has just is- suea his first ministerial year- end review. And a very reveal- ing review it is.

As Minister, he will quickly become more alerted than any other. Canadian -to the three black spots'in our immigration picture. He reflects on. these in his‘statement. They are

1,” We do not admit spailiient. immigrants to-foster, our maxi-

mum growth and development.

USA - one fully-educa' trained ‘Canadian ba every two foreign immigr. oe B

4... Weeprosperous, luxury-lov- ing, ane ‘Canadians are riding the

er

filling the voids in our Se ea young men and women’ those taxpayers. : : TOO FEW MIGRANTS 28) These points were made m } vividly’ clear —in Marehand's 3 | statement than I have evér seen them —before._.

+ He said, for example, ‘ oy f “end of 1965, Canada weélc

2,500000 newcomers since the That is an average of 125,000 per | year, or little more thaa one- | half of one per cent of our pre- sent population each year. That is no way. to open up our empty . spaces, or to develop our rich re- sources.

Look what our grandfathers did by contrast. In the twelve years preceding’ the first World

ar, they _aglmitted _over_2.750-| 000_immigrants, or an average of 225,000 each year. That was’ not a paltry half of one per cent; it was four per cent of our popu- lation at the beginning of that golden era of settlement:

If we were as venturesome and farsighted as our~ grandfath--

more than a perfunctory’ look at Hhis—pary-thetue—ean— attest.

ers we would have admitted | to

since the war ever toe million | 1058. Kt population to- 040,100 . to day would be not 19,700.000- but | education

immigrants. Our

probably over 30,000,000. Our gross national’ in. 1965 would have been not. 51 billion |. ‘Gollars but over 75 billion. And that bigger wealthier, busier Canadian population would be paying lower taxes than we are today, because the expenses of government andthe cost of s0- dial capital would be spread over a taxpaying ase. [The second point arising from 'Marchand’s statement is: why, with even 2% million postwar im- migrants, is our population -gtowth one of the smallest a-- mong the developable countries? The answer is that we have lost well over one million Canadian-

born a to USA, in — | tion ¢o those = ants have - returned ir "naive | ree

land. :

WE IMPORT SKH18.— Finally Marchand makes this

interesting statement: 1,924 en-

-gineers- immigrated te Canada

« Black Spots In Our Immigration Picture

have cost $17,

university

for these. Similarly it would have cost Canada §7- 416,360 to provide - university ation for the 654 doctors who

“to Canada in that same

oaed: Today one Canadian in every six is an immigrant. This huge

group includes one in four of our doctors, one in three of en- gineers, one in seven of our tea-

chers, and so on. Of the 356,578 soon kad wannan Mile toy Sak tS rome go cae in professional and technical occupations two of - every nine are immigrants, snd many of those came to Canada fully trained.

Not only. have they, for in stance, saved our entire healtn care program from uwnderstaf- et see oe Rew cue foe |

paid “for by the taxpayers of the Old World who made that costly’ investment for themselves. Tais

| huge debt ‘of gratitude which we

owe the Old World is equivaiem to approximately one-tenth of

during the first ten months of

our national debt.

Torante Globe and

—English—li

Since Burke’s time, however, governments—at least Canadian

aon 2 P maacilin Se ai ent ae the taxes, they still--accept- the taxes, but they’ turned the

said biatbins ot-ocliestian. over to business.

oe Coe ees |

PUBLIC

FORUM

CAPT. MAGUIRE REPLIES ‘Sir™-Thanks to a friend on P.E.1., I have received a clip-

ping of a letter. I was supposed

to have written on the escape of the SS Prince-Edward Island

from a submarine in Sept. 1942, |

also a copy of one by Mr. Eve-

rett MacLeod in reply. This was. not the letter I had written. It was parts of the letter, rewritten

with some errors and misquota-

tions.

When I mentioned the, two quartermasters going down - to trim coal with the firemen, I positively. did not state there were. no other volunteers as I could not know what other volun- teers Mr. MacPherson acquired on his way after he left the bridge, and as I was quite busy I did not go to find out.

Why I particularly mentioned. those two men was that they were both dressed in uniform

_| white shirts, black ties, coats

with their brass buttons and unk” form caps. The coats and caps -they shed and immediately start- ed for the stoke: hold.

T givé great credit to the en- | @ine room staff and to rue a : | ard’s staff.

coagl had no worries as far as room was concerned a aes men . there were quite af tak- ing care of their .end. Had this: not been the case the ship could not have attained.-the speed she did, which was faster than she made on-her trial trips. This speaks for itself.

As for Mr. MacLeod's contra- diction of what was said about the lifeboats, I am afraid Mr. MacLeod does not remember that we did not’have our re crew of deckhands as theY had all-been. transferred. to the Sco- tia before leaving Borden. We had bunch of non-seamen which Superintendent E. W. Mac-

HE

Kinnon gathered up and sent for”

this trip, Mr. MacLeod being four decks below the boat deck, and in the stokehold, could not very well know. what took place _ on the boat deck. ;

(The reference here is to a statement™ in Czpt.. Maguire's first: letter: ‘‘many others start-

that he had to send Capt. John G.

to drive them from. the boats as they would have been drowned

) _It was a caterer in the ste

=~/L-agree with Mr MacLeod that many of the crew on that voy- have passed away. But they

heen his intention but here is a direct

zie and one other had offered to gototrim coal: “H. G. Mac- Kenzie was at the wheel and spoke up? ‘Captain put a’ man at the wheel and I will go down

‘and trim coal,’ which he did and

along with him went Clarence ‘Waddell and a man put at the wheel . _Ng other volunteers.”

ed to lower the life boats’ and

—Ed. @.) =

t

Back T oTheT

Dicks, who was mate on watch |

with the ship travelling at that;

quotation from his letter —. he | was teling how H.G. MacKen- |

axpayer

amoloser_i¢ Likely to be a rather | igure anyway.

some provificés you can add hospital

a

| ee eee It is an ex- -pensive-—_undertaking. Some |

a

i estimate the adminis- trative costs ‘of government de- ductions to be in the neighbor- hood of one per cent of payroll.

For , the ( ee | public relations. It has obvious administrative berefits;*~and;~ + more than that, it is good busi-

i

5

From The Guardian Files).

TEN YEARS AGO (January 11, 1956)

J. Angus MacLean, Conserva- tive member, "ane. tae - Deputy ip Conservatives, . Official _ Opposi-

‘tion in Ottawa, —

Gordon Jay; ‘section man with | the CNR, discovered a caterpill-

ar crawling leisurely along the railroad ties out of Royalty Jun- etion.

at

. | searched the medical literature pad i

~~ Some victims: leap severai mm ches from the ground whereas

. (Small, “| fom, 1916).

disease, of.

.| disease: cause a heart attack?

he ers The Maine

Jumpers”

Dr- R. Van Dellen

among woodsmen.

several typical jumpers. Last year he published. | his observations in the Journal | of the Main’e Medical aenecia- j tion.

them or ing a forceful com- mand as attacking a near- by friend, thrusting the Nand

through the window, or “@gainst a hot stove. -

._ Dr Kunkle quotes Holman Day who describes: "the Jump- er” in his “Pine Tree Baliads” Maynard and Co., Bos- The hero of the tale dated his habit from a sudden

town that he « ‘repeatedly struck his wife. After she received a black eye ‘‘almost 16 times” he had to sleep in another room.

The author examined five typ- ical jumpers in his search through Maine for living victims. | These individuals are otherwise normal. The condition is not to | be_confused_with an excessive startle response seen occasional- ly.if -children and. adults with brain damage. The cause in the healthy is unknown except that it is a quirk or an exaggeration of a normal ‘response. One vic- tim blames it on being quite. ene G00d, a reason as

§

DROP FOOT : | oa A- writes: What causes the | wreak part of tin Baek to bit

In foot-drop, the muscles that lift the foot are paralyzed ‘as a result of alcoholism, spinal cord injury or inflammation the..nerve._On walking. t he victim lifts the leg lugher than usual and slaps down the foot with each step as he propels himself forward. ‘SAME ORIGIN B.” My writes: Can Buerger’s

Sean REPLY In—Buerger's disease, many arteries throughout the body are involved: Those of the- cian ties are affected most frequent- ly, but ¢he coronary vesseis-are

es of Buerger’s disease. ‘MEANING OF TERM. |

J. C. writes: Does cardiovas- | cular disease mean the mney are involved? <

REPLY

Cardiovascular refers to heart _ and blood vessels. The kidneys

. as a x disturbance in silane to the kidneys.

Mrs. ‘C. writes: How long | does-it takes hip Deka to | heal? This fracture | months. .ago._I_am_past..70.._ | REPLY Several months; but repeated | X-rays should be made to deter- | mine whether the fractured bone is healthy or deteriorating. } TODAY’S HEALTH HINT—_ | Dental abscess may cause an | earache. : i

Montreal Moncton Saint John

ei

may be impaired in certain caf- | | diovascular | ee such’ as

By

ee BY.

THE WAY»

‘want to lead the ‘band,

Maybe we could make orale: body happy by lining the. ways with billboards

tures of trees.—Calgary Herald.

The new maid was eomplain- ing to her mistress. “It’s about your husband madam," she said shyly. “Every time he sees me he wants to kiss. me, He asks me to sit on his lap, “That's enough, Mary’ rupted her mistress. ‘Just go

| Sted te. try the came deg with | Wales, we

me!"’"—Montreal Star

Wizards crc

Vancouver Sun

i

. oil § i th Ey

cee

i

| its way as the Rosetta Stone, if | not bouncing putty.

This wet as real scneitific wizar- the kids knew it. A writ- which sucked up juice a flick of a lever and spat it p+ through a golden nib, ink | spots and blue-black fingers and, gurgle as satisfying as sipping through a straw—this, for generation raised on viscous- coated ball bearings folling in sockets, had to be seen to he

believed. Next day the pen was

at school for Show and Tell.

TV Revolution

Richard Dean in the New York Herald Tribune

-A technological revolution 1s ia the making which will touch

be packaged in cartridges to be peel Se Seas ouent

‘to stations replacing Coaxial cab--; i les—but there is genera] agree- ment that TV today ie realy

BONE FRACTURE ie

Also at Summerside —

'| GUARDIAN:- PATRIOT |

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