. ..,._,.,,.,.__.__» _ _

start, but as the days lengthen and

APRIL 16.1932

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. FOR FA

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i NEWSY zvonzs

DI AOI-IOOLA

“g3; Eriaz-r-Efl-zg: mt Of Selling Steers

l he movement of beef “Manmirlrets in the Old Coun- “mg” resumed, the coat of trans- “ I m” type of animal to the mush market is B WP“! 0! 5P9- t. i1,‘ iafreslifuir, B. s. a. Acting m; o, the Division of Animal bum-y of the Dominion Ex- Bujmental Farms, deals particu- uqy with this topic in Pamphlet N, 143.11. s. “An opportune Time lol- Steer Feedin! 511d 311115311155" H, gwes specific figures on two Ihtpmenlfi: one from Ottawa and the other from Lethhrldge, Alta., allowing that the average cost’ 0f ‘upping and selling was $25.70 w, head, or $2.80 per 100 lbs. live "mm, in the case of the Ottawa M- and $36.15 per head, or $5.03 W’ 100 lbs. live weight. in the w n! the Lethbridge lot.

111E QUEEN RESUMES WORK

\ 4'4 (mpenmental Farina Note)

wring the winter months there 511mg or no activity wthin a bee “may, for during the cold weather, m, qnly matter of concern to the bee] is to secure enough food and w mp warm. Sometime last fall we queen ceased her egg-layins. and aa the combs became empty of brood they were fllled with food m. m winter. As the weather be- am, cool the bees gradually clust- ered closer and closer around their queen until finally a fairly compact cluster was formed and, except dur- gng an occasknlal spell of warm weather, this cluster may remain unbroken for a period of five or 51x months. During the winter, the cluster moves about within the hive, e3 all limes keeping in contact with ihe food supply. Towards spring an unknown something will inform the bees that summertime is againon its way and the clusters will gradu- ally loosen and expand and in the centre of the cluster the queen will again resume her work of egg-lay- ing. Only a few eggs are laid at the

the sun becomes stronger, the num- her gradually increases until as high u: 2,500 may be deposited daily. In outdoor wintered colonies, egg lay- ing usually commences sometime during the month of March, de- pending greatly upon the weather. lli some localities such activity mBY be resumed even earlier. Cellar wh-

Garden Items

SPDING FEEDING OF PLANTS NECESSARY FOR MAXIMUM GROWTH .

‘frees, shrubs, flowers and lawns need periodic feedings to keep them in best growing condition. The proper food for plants is one which contains all the n y elements of growth and it is best that it be in a balanced form.

mrlvllliiliflly for the owner of a (lily or town home there are now Yeildlly available commercially pre- Piiled plant foods which are easy l0 apply. convenient to handle, mi very expensive. and which, l-hIOiiBb experiment, have been es- tablished to contain all the neces- sary elements for plant growth. This is the type of plant food- most practical for the city home owner to use and one which will serve his purpose to perfcctionj

Shrubs: On established plantings apply the food in the spring before the soil is worked. Where maximum results are de- sired ft is advisable to feed the shrubs six weeks after the intial application. For newly planted shrubs it is advisable that the food be mixed with the soil at the time they are planted.

Trees: Usually trees are left to grow the best they can under the circumstances, but periodic feed- ings will promote a. healthy growth and keep thcltrees in much better condition. Established trees need be fed but once a year in the fol. lowing manner: -

Make holes in the soil with a crowbar or other sharp instrument to a‘ depth of 12 to l8 inches under the drip of the branches of the tree. Fill the holes half full of plant food and tllCll complete the filling with soil. In case of newly planted trees it is advisable to mix the plant food with the soil at the time of planting. .

Perennials: A surface application of plant food to theperennial bed in the spring will he found very beneficial in promoting vigorous growth of the plants. On the plants’ vigor depend the size and number of flowers produced, and as perennials are gross feeders it is necessary that sufficient plant food be given them from time to time to prevent the soil from be- coming exhausted.

Lawns: In making new lawns it is advisable to incorporate the

shrub

(cred bees do not usually start so early as outdoor wintered bees, ex- cept under abnormal conditions. This early egg-laying is of great im-' parlance to the beekeeper, for it is (he eggs laid during the spring and early summer that will produce the bees to gather the honey harvest. The larger the force of field bees at the commencement of the har- vest, the greater will be the crop. and it follows that the greater the number of eggs laid during the early part of the season, the larger will be the f’cld force. To get the max- imum number of eggs laid, three things are necessary (i) A vigorous and prolific queen. (2) An slbundant lwii auppivaud (a) adequate pro, tection from cold and changeable weather. Neglect to supply any of one of the three will result either in starvation and death of the colonies or in colonies that are too weak in bees to gather a surplus of nectar when the honey flow is on.-

Mother Nature's children to

plant food in the soil a few clays

‘before time of seeding if possible. yFor old established lawns an early,

spring feeding of plant food atthe rate recommended by the manu- facturer _wil1 be found very belle- ficlal in promoting root growth and establishing a thicker lawn. Feeding lawns will hc found to promote the growth of the grass sufficently. so the grass itself will have a tendency to crowd out weeds, at least the thickening of the turf will prevent further in- roads of these detestable pests.

WARMER WEATHER CREATES GARDEN ENTIIUSIASM FOR.

ALL FAMILY The first indications that the plants are waking from winter

slumber arouse renewed enthus- iasm in garden making. Pussy-wil- lows are inevitably associated with the first days of early rring, for they are among the earliest of an-

ilIPEBlAl. PUPPY roan

The success, following the use of this popular

lnperlal” product during past seasoni. bill fleilrly

liroven its merits to our experienced ranchers» "b" are planning on feeding liberally this year.

Ou f I la ill uited to the needs of’ the yodngrlm: igtfllsilflegc 20:08:18 rich in vitamlnes, and a sure preventative of rickets.

Puppy Food may be ordered either “Fine” or “Coarse” to suit the ranchers requirements

Order early so as to be sure of receiving your_ "lllply in good time as a heavy demand la anticipated.

Imperial Biscuit (lompany, Ltd.

130x445

Charlottetown, P. E. l.

Phone 721

THE CHARLOTTETOWN GUARDIAN

FAnuens lueimoli

TIIIINIPS

are now selling at such high prices it would be to your ad- vantage to sell your surplus crop and buy

SUGAR BEET PULP Which ls one of the most pm. Mable Feeds for dairy cows l at this season of the year

We have a. limited quantity on hand which we are selling at lowest prices

WHOLESALE 8t RETAIL

nounce the coming of spring. The warm air, the return of the birds, and the garden's change of cos- tume from dull wintry greys and browns to the tender green of fresh new growth, inspire the mak- ing of plans for beautiful outdoor surroundings.

Every really successful garden depends upon a. plan-a. plan that represents not only the placing of a certain number of plants [and features, but one that arouses re- newed enthusiasm each year as its fulfilment creates an inviting and beautiful outdoor living room.

It is vastly more interesting to learn about the characteristics of your favorite flowers by studying them in your garden than to he told about them. The most desir- nblc fcaturc about flower plantings to keep in mind when making your plans is to provide for a continu- ous display of bloom from early spring until the killing frosts of

autumn. Among ' the first of spring blooms a1..- the delightful .snow-

drop and crocus, quickly followed by the other bright and showy flowering bulbs-tulips, daffodils, hyancinths and jonquils.

After the bulbs comes one of the

most dependable and exquisite of border plants. the beautiful iris. By including some of each of the different kinds. Siberian, Spanish, German and Japanese, the period Iof iris bloom is lengthened into early summer. And, of course, no |garden would he complete without zthe peony, the rose‘s only rival in loveliness and fragrance. There are ,new and improved varieties of both ‘iris and peonies being introduced every year which are worthwhile planting and becoming acquainted nvltll. Then as soon as the weather be- fcomes warm. there are numerous charming perennials which are a joy to know—dianthus, bleeding heart, for-get-me-not, sweet-wll- liam, mertensia and pansies to be followed by poppies. columbine, pyrethrum, thalictrum ind veroni- cas.

For color and magnificence in June there are three outstanding favorites that are among the aris- tocrats of the garden-rose, the queen of flowers; the stately del- phlnium and the fragrant regal lily. Lilies and delphiniums are a charming picture when planted to- gather.

Gladioli offer a wide selection of colors and types for cut flowers in summer, and the many colorful lannuals bloom extravagantly all summer long. Last of the flower parade are the dahlias, glorious

'mums and the sparkling colors of asters.

l The first robin. the first warm wind. your first glimpse of a cro- Icus bloom, and you will bo B11 eagerness to be at work in the ,garden. But in your enthusiasm to lndd new plants and rearrange ea- itabllshed plantings. don't forget ‘that planting done hurriedly with- out regard for a definite plan will very likely have to be Bltofod 01‘ completely changed another year. Avoid these unnecessary altera- tions by first making a plan of the planting you wish to‘ do this spring.

No longer

does a home owner

make actual use of that part of his

home grounds on which his house stands. The modern home embra- ces the entire lot, and assign! to every square foot of surface a function, useful or ornamental.

LANDSCAPED GROUNDS ADD T0 HOME VALUE

The ovmer who neglects to de- velop hi! Ifflilfldl M! Chi! principle not only limits his own enioymflllt qrapropertywhichhaacoathim plenty, but lessens its resale value. 5nd why should he? Complain planting, according to a modern plan, may require more outlay tbanhecamtomakoinoueyear;

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‘Some Weak Spots

| In Finishing Steers

There is a great deal of interest

these days in the feeding and gin.

T0 KNOW OUR SPARE-OWE

The which our sparrows belong, is very large one,

showy birds,‘ and early learns to know them.

Purple Finch, the American the white-winged Crosshill,

and are in consequence

in as few words as may be. figures in brackets

its bread sense) list of birds.

dusty gray, streaked black and buff; shoulders chestnut; tail long, outer tail feathers white— this last a distinction from all other sparrows.

inches. Breast and sides streaked brownish; yellow stripe above eye and on bend of wing. Fields. S. R.

Acadiau Sharp-tailed Sparrow (549 b). 5 1-2 inches. Small, pale- colored, long’ stronger stripes on back; slaty median line on crown; tail feathers sharp pointed. Salt marshes of E. coast. (Tnvcrner). S. R.

Plumage grayish green, no black markings; yellow patch before eye. Salt morshes. Rare (Mac- Swain) S. R. White-crowned 7 inches. Throatgray, like breast; crown white, then a black stripe with a white stripe below on each side of head. White wing bars. Scattered trees or bushes on road- sides. S. l‘...

. .Whlte-throated 6 3-4 inches. Breast gray, throat white; centre of crown white, as also a broad stripe over eye. Dr. Tavemer gives its song as "Hard- times- can-a-da- can-a- da-can-a da" or "Poor-Bill-Pea-bo-dy- Pea- ho-dy-Pea-bo-dy" in slow flute- like tones. S. R, common.

Tree Sparrow (559) 6 1-4 inches Breast unstreaked, a solitary small blackish brown spot in its centre; two white wing bars; reddish brown "cap." Open woods and or- chards. W. V.

Chipping inches. Small bird: gray below; reddish brown "cap". white line above eye, and black line through it; bill black. common about dwel- lings. trustful. S. R.

Field Sparrow (563). 5 1-2 inches Like No. 560, but no black line through eye, and hill cinnamon colored: colors more subdued, lcrown duller red. Open woods, ‘scattered trees or bushes. S. R.

Slate-colored Junco (567). Easily recognized: here often miscalled.‘ “bluebird" which is an entirely different species. Breast dark slate blue harply divided from white underpin-ts; above dark slate blue outer tall feathers white, well seen 'in flight. Female lighter colored. About dwellings, farmyards, etc.

‘ Song Sparrow (m). a [-4 inches Rather like 540, but darker; no ‘white tall feathers. Breast and underparts-atreaked brown; two conspicuous triangular spots and a larger one between and below them, in the middle of breast. No yellow stripe over eye (See 542 a). Likes to be near water, haunts

bushes near streams. S. R. Per- haps most abundant. l Lincoln Sparrow (583). 5 3-4

inches. Reaembles 581, but no cen- tral breast spots. Yeliowlah buff color through, breast and sides, marked with fine dark streaks or apota. ‘Upper parts black and gray- iah-brown. Secretive: frequents bushes or thickets, esp. near- atrealns. S. R. t “Swamp Sparrow (584). 5 3-4 inches. Also resembles 581, hut breast and underarta not streaked, throat lighter than breast: reddish tinge above. ' Forehead black. crown chestnut with gray median stripe. Frequent; dense thickets or groves. S. B. Rare (MacSwain)

Io: Sparrow (585) ‘l l-2 inches. Large; above chestnut brown. richer on rump and tail; gray showing on hind neck and crown. Heavily spotted below with reddish brown spots closer in'cent.re of breast. Swamps, thickets. and open woods; n». tchea leaves in

Oontinatodollrldlli

manner of poultry. lifigrant?

family Hinglllldae. to a and no less than 27 members of ft are more or less common locally. Borne of these are the bird lover The Evening and Pine Grosbeaks, the and ‘the Redpoll, the Goldfinch, and the Towlee, are a few of the dandies of the sparrow tribe. But if there ., are dandles there dies," of .. plain brown-streaked kind, and these have always been tl- ublesomc to the novice in bird study, because several species re- semble each other pretty closely, hard to differentiate. The following table has been drawn up for the purpose of giving their specific distinctions‘ The are the offi- clafnumber in the American (in

are also "dow-

Vvsper Sparrow (540). 6 inches from beak to tail inclusive. Color

Savannah Sparrow (542 a). 5 1-2

I Seaside Sparrow (550). 6 ‘inches

Sparrow (554).

Span-ow (558) .

5pm“. (may 5 1_4 was a success.

bar). a 1-2 inches. Here bib. Female "Chirrup" unmistakable. Dr. Ta-

ful species away, it is very dirty “will buildings, and it is suspected °l~' spreading poultry‘ diseases." sparrows - the native species- are most valuable to the farmer and gardener. For instance, three fourths of the food of the song Sparrow consists of noxious weed seeds, and the remaining quarter of beetles, weevils, bugs and cater- pillars. The little chlppy (550) eats 58 percent, weed seed; and percent. insects. Get to know the iiilltlrows and protect them.

HOW IT IS DONE

An English writer says: "Anyong can make money out of farm pro. duce after it leaves the farmer's hillidsf’. End a glaring instance of this has lately gone the rounds of "l9 Dress. It seems that a commit- tee of the U. s. Senate has been eliqlillllig into the well-being of the fanners, and the president of the National Farmers’ Union pm- cluced proof that a farmer had sold seven lambs to a well known pack- ing house for $3.30. From this was deducted $2.55 for insurance, in- spection and commission, and the farmer received a cheque (also produced) for ‘l5 cents. The de- partment of agriculture, under in- structions to follow up this trans- Milvn. reported that the lambs were sold to the ultimate consu- nler for $83.70! This double barrel- lcd systcin of plunder, "rhich hits both the producer and the consu- mer so hard, is slowly arousing a discontent that will at lust des- troy it. It is not so hard to find the remedy as it is to waken . the. patient.

Farmers have bee nso busy im- proving their methods of produc- tion that they have never troubled ‘to improve their methods of mar- ketlng. The relatively few who have joined some association for ,marketing have not sufficient in- 'terest, in a. good many cases, to at- ‘tendtho meetings, even once a' year. How many farmers know anything of the accountancy side‘ .of their society? Yet it is the side which decides whether the organi- zation is to he successful or not: lthat is, from the farmer's point of lview. A society to which I once belonged, held its meetings once a quarter, for a year was too long to let things run without checking lup: and everyone attended, so that we got the wisdom of the multi- tude of counsellors. Tim‘ society

Hollie Sparrow (N official - o 33:‘! Eastern Canada are quite differ-

Engush Bpanmm Male Mm black ent from those generally met with umtreaked hem“ in the West but Western farmers

"m!" Bays: "It drives more use-

iahing of beef steela on the farms l of Eastern Canada. Conditions in

will also be interested in the six points listed below, which bring attention to what may appropriate- ly be termed "some of the weak spots in winter feeding of beef cattle."

Studies of the winter feeding of beef cattle made by the Experi- mental Farms Branch of the Do- minion Department of Agriculture show that there are certain points

‘which should receive special at- gtention. These are:

i 1. That a. relatively small per- ccntage of animals is marketed 5hctwecn December and April in- ,clusive.

i 2. That finished animals always ldcmand a premium and particu- llarly during the above mentioned 'months.

3. That owing to poor breeding, pcor raising, or lack of finish, pos- sibly a. combination of all three, a large percentage of steers mar- kcted do not make the grade that holds the trade and commands the top price.

4. Thai; the Canadian public dis- crlminates against frozen beef, which means that were the mar- kets kept supplied with fresh beef more regularly, better prices would obtain.

5. That a relatively small per- . centage of steers which are at present classed as export steers, are sufficiently well finished for the trade. Hence proper winter feeding of such steers would seem advisable and profitable.

6. That we have not made suf- ficient use of the beef bullock as a medium for the utilization of rough feeds that can be grown I cheaply but are costly to market and if marketed in their raw state l‘ leave the soil depleted of plant food.

then to provide the birds with food in the natural way. The Editor expects a record of

ili€fllgliilili€fi %7-I%I4

the number and specie: of the _ birds you‘ have fed. Any remarks‘ about their abundance or scarcity, ' or any peculiarity of habit will make your report more valuable. You were not expected to feed

‘crows, grackles nor house sparrows,

but their relative abundance, date first noticed, etc, will be helpful. Include in your report a descrip- tion of your "feeding station" and where located: what food did you put out? And what seemed most attractive? If you have made a study of one particular species of bird, say what you can about it. l All letters must be addressed:

a FEED THE BIRDS CONTEST

.

‘I have had a letter from a com- petitor asking when the papers for this contest are to be sent in; and expressing the pleasure lt-has given him to become acquainted with, and to feed, our native birds. Competitors, it is felt, ought to feed our feathered allies till April 30th, and then make out their re- ports which must all be in by Bat- urday, May 7th. Insects will pro- bably be in sufficient numbers by

0++0+>4++0+ M+++e++w++o

Just a Word About Garters Tested j Seeds

-~ ,Ii'dth plaeol itite Iigwéhuittemgn r Quail own immediate interests should

'ian." Each report must be coun-

tersigned by the teacher of the

school which you attend: This is

important. Also, do not forget to

enclose your postal and county address. The proprietors of the Guard-

ian have made this contest pos- sible by their generous donation of $20.00 which is divided into prizes as follows. Each county has prizes of $2.50, $1.50 and $1.00 as first. second and third prizes: and in addition to these a Provincial prize of $5.00 will be awarded to that winner of a first prize, whose letter is considered the beat. Thus one of the first prizes will amount to $7.50. Further prizes of books (of most entertaining quality) have been kindly donated by Mr. Robie W. Tufts, Chief Federal Mi- gratory Bird Officer for the Mar-