PAGE FOUR TllE BIIIIRLIITTETOWN GUARDIAN

Morning Daily (Founded in 1887) Author‘ ’ an Second Clans Mali, Post Oilioo Dopartmenl Ottawa. freoidont. Ian A. Burnett; Vice-President. Wm. R. Barnett; Sousa-Trans. G. M. Burnett; Editor and Managing Director, J. It. Burnett; Associate Editor. Frank Walker.

“The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest Ink."

1'Li‘r§_s_1i.T§,—.fr7|r|u is, l 19 i1

Farm Land Values

The continuing prosperity of agriculture has} been reflected in a slow rise in the farm land- values. But there has been no wild inflationl of land values such as followed the lost war.‘ These are the conclusions to be drown from a nation-wide study of form land prices by the Dominion Bureau of Statistics.

The Bureau of Statistics figures require on explanation or two. They are provincial aver- ages. They include all farm lands. Hence they do not accurately reflcct current values of cul- tivated lands. But they do show trends, and trends are important. The following table shows the comparative values, by provinces for key years:

i920 I935 i939 i946 P. E. l. $49 $3] $35 $42 N. S. . . . . 43 3i 33 42 N. B. . . . . . . . . 35 25 29 39 Que. . . . . . . . . 70 4i .14 59 Ont. . . . . . . . . . .70 42 46' 59 Man. 39 l7 I7 25 Sask. .. . . . . .. 32 l7 I5 19' Alta. . . . . . . . . 32 i6 l6 2i B. C. . . .. I75 58 60 7O Canada .. . . . 48 24 25 32

Tho come-back of farm values through the war years has been slow and steady. This came later in Saskatchewan than in the other pro- vinces. Saskatchewan values declined to $14 an acre on tho average in i94l but since then the rise has been steady.

The Bureau of Statistics points out that the upward trend reflects, in part, the relative change that has taken place in the price indexes during the war. The index of farm prices rose 83.5 per cent above the l935-39 average. At the some time the index of prices of commod- ities and services used by the farmers increas- od by 45.4 por cent.

Even England Lags Eduoatlonally

Legislation iii Britain raising tho school leav- lng ago to l5 and providing greater equality of opportunity in education there was patterned after the Canadian system, Sir Fred Clarke, former director of the University of London's Institution of Education, declared in an infor- view. Tho new bill become effective in British schools this weak.

"England is 20 years behind in education," he declared. "She had very good schools for the few, and very ordinary ones for the masses." lt was now planned to bring about equality in educational standards. In Montreal on his way to attend Easter conference of tho Ontario Educational Association, Sir Fred renewed old acquaintances made in tho city during the five years ho spent from i929 to i935 as professor of education at McGill University. "My hap- biest years were spent at McGill under the late Sir Arthur Currie for whom I had a great od- miration," he recalled.

Education is shopping up in Britain under two Iiain heads-—long term and short term policies. The long term one provides for the children, tho other for adults. While the underlying prin- siplo bohind tho new education act is equality If opportunity it is olso_good business for tho country. This moans that tho people will ex- ploit its mental capacity to its full extent and there should be less wasted effort. Hence it is not merely a matter of the Government being altruistic, but exercising common sense.

Britain needs skilled manpower and educa- tion will help provide for this eventually despite the fact that 400,000 children will be kept out of industry this year. There is some criticism about putting the act into effect at present when manual resources are so badly needed.

"But you got to start sometime," Sir Fred explained, "and the present is as good as any."

Example For Ottawa

Tho difference between United States and Canadian tax levels, which even Federal Cabi- net Ministers acknowledge to be a potent cause of the southward migration of enterprising Con- odions, is increased by the tax bill which has just passed the House of Representatives. As the bill was sponsored by the House Republi- cans, it seems likely to win approval in the Sen- ato which also contains a majority of that party.

In tho aggregate, it relieves American citi- lens of a load of about four billion dollars. And those who benefit most are the taxpayers i tho lower or middle income groups. People with taxable incomes of $i,000 or less (roughly speaking those whose earnings run from $3,000 to $4,000 a year) will pay 30 per cent less than they pay under present schedules. On all higher incomes, except those of the very rich, the cut ls 20 per cent. The wealthy will pay i0 per cont less on their receipts above $302,000.

. American income taxes are already well be-

low tho Canadian level for all groups.‘ This bill, it it becomes law, will make the disparity greater than ever.

On tho other hand, it is luckier to live in Canada than iii'the United States if one is of tho choson few who win largo sums of monoy in the Irish sweepstakes.

In Canada such winnings are classed as on incnaso in capital, like profits on tho stock

oxchnngo, and oro not taxed as current IIICOIIIO-f‘

although taxos must bo paid, of course, on tho income from such a windfall. In tho Unitod States o person earning $2,000 a year who wins $100,000 in the "Dublin lottery is taxed on on income in that year of $l02,000, which puts him into a very exclusive bracket.

— EDITORIAL NUTES .-

The next public holiday will be Saturday, May 24, Victoria Day. § I i I A new Morris cor is now being built for homo and overseas which will be'the first ”People's Car" for Britain. lt. is a four-seater saloon capable of 60 miles per hour and will do 60 miles to a gallon. Sir Miles Thomas of the Nuffield group (manufacturers of the Morris) has stated that his company already has over-

seas orders worth $48,000,000.

a a w a

The bottle of Atbara in the Sudanese war fouaht this date i898. when Lord Kitchener at the head of a recently reorganized Anglo-Egypt- inn army defeated the Mohdists. The Sudanese have since reasserted their independence of Egypt which took possession in i820, and, with British help control, in spite of insurrections and rebellions. Their claims are likely to engage the attention of the U. N.

i

w s: a

One of the bureaucratic scandals of the past- war period, is the demand by the lncome Tax Department of arrears of tax on the part of volunteers who served overseas and returned. It looks shamelessly like taxing the veterans for daring to survive the bloody conflict. lt is heartening to find a Liberal Association is be- ginning to expose and fight the iniquity. A resolution, demanding a clean pre-war income tax sheet, adopted by the South-Point Grey Lib- cral Association has been forwarded to Veter- ans’ Affairs Minister Mackenzie. The resolu- tion, passed at an executive meeting, asked that "all men and women who served in the armed forces be given a clean sheet on money owed to the Government before enlistment." Why does not the Legion add their weight to the move-

merit? I I I I

This is how Alberta put it over Premier Jones. A bill which would cancel all outstanding indebt- edness resulting from seed groin and supply ad- vances to ‘residents in Saskatchewan rural muni- cipalities in I935, i936 and i937, received sec- ond reading in the I-egisloture on a recorded vote of 3i to 3. Municipal Affairs Minister J. H. Brockelbank sponsored the bill, stating that the amount repayable to the Dominion government as the result of the treasury bill debt for theso three years was $5,773,449. Under a recent agreement with Ottawa~50 per cent of this sum was wiped out. Terms of the agreement called for $7,800,000 to be repaid to tho federal gov- ernment over a period of 30 years. Yet Premier Jones failed to get relief even for the $9,000 interest we pay on Hillsboro bridge.

I I i I

We should follow Quebec's lead in this ros- pect. One of the oldest houses in Quebec, the Vallee home, situated at 22 Ste. Anne Street, is presently undergoing extensive transformations, before becoming an historical museum, along the lines of the Musee Historique Canadien, in Montreal. The exterior of the house will, how- ever, retain the distinctive French-Canadian style that imparts added beauty to the building. Promoters of the enterprise intend setting up replicas of scenes indelibly linked with the his- tory of Canada's Ancient Capitol, and thoy hove a wide range from which to make their choice, since Quebec has played on outstand- ing role in Canadian history for the last three hundred and forty years. There is little doubt but that the new museum will be both interest- ing oncl educational. lf there is no unforeseen delay, the opening of the new museum should take place during the month of June.

i i I I

Perhaps the strangest case to como boforo tho police recently is that reported from Montropl where a young man reported that he intended to commit murder. He was a boy of nineteen who called the homicide squad for odvice.. Result of a "lovers' quarrel," the boy called Capt. Allain and told the detective he proposed to kill his sweetheart. Rare are the cases when detectives are notified in advance of on impending mur- der, so Capt. Allain took him to police head- quarters. In a full statement, the youth declar- ed that he had quarreled with his i7-year-old sweetheart several days ago—a girl he had boon engaged to for a year. The girl had ordered him out of her homo. Embittered by the va- garies of love, tho youth told the police, that he would poison his girl friend and then poison himself. With no other recourse, police de- tainedl the youth in the cells over night, while they communicated with his family, who promis- ed to take custody of him and 'tiy to patch up the broken romance.

l‘ I I

Children who skip school regularly don't got family allowances, Health Minister Martin told in the Commons the other day. In a return the minister said that arrangements have been mado in each province for provincial school author- ties to notify regional family allowance of- ficers when the school attendance of a child became unsatisfactory. On receipt of such in- formation, the office suspended allowancos un-

til the child’s attendance becamo satisfactory:

Dealing with provisions made for sooing that family allowance money was spent for tho ‘pur- poso intended, tho return said this was dono by welfaro supervisors employed in each regional office. In co-operation with provincial wolfard departments and other wolfaro agoncios in- vestigation was made of possible casos of mis- use. During January, 3i6 suoh cases were in- vestigated in Canada, I75 by provincial auth- orities, 4i by other agencies and I00 by tho ro- gionol office staff. At Jan. 3i thero woro I72 accounts being paid to administrators and trus- tool as o result of information obtainod through liwostigationo.

THE cnknwrrrarowu GUARDIAN

llotos By tho i...

Thirty British tudenio will at- tend German universities in ihe Brliish zone. it. has been nanome- cd- It is hoped to arrange for Ger- man students to go to Brlilah universities in return. - Ottawa Citizen.

Tho United States Undersecret- BPJ’ of stoic. Dean Acheson, has emphatically declared that Amert. can Diana for aid in Greece and. Turkey against Communism “do flot. include our sending troupe." In- lhaL case, there can be no critic- ism of the British Government in its decision to withdraw its exped- itionary force. - Brantford Ex- positor.

The old i-aying about a fool and his money slill holds good, but millions of intelligent people are also teaming that. they and their money are soon parted nowadays. — Kingston Wl-ilg-Stantlard.

Well. one William Abel-hart. for- mer Branhford school principal, started all this. as told in the Ca1- g-"ry Herald: In Alberta's 60-mem- ber Legislature. there are no less ihair 14 teachers, of ailrom 12 be. long to the Social Credit party. It would be correct, we think, 1o coy that teachers play a larger role in Alberta's political life than they play 1n the pltlllilcal life of any other province, and that this condition has existed since 1935. - St. Cathar- ines Standard.

Canada in today in the position of a miP-zr who has inherited a vast maict of land rich in natural re- sources. who has little or no money with which to develop it. A cer- tain amount. of his properly must. be disposed of i-rr the raw state 1n order to false the os-pital necessary to develop the remainder of it. Tho same thing has applied to every couniry in the early stages at de- velopment. Capital and population are required 1o turn the naw mat- erial into finished products whether for home consumption 0r export — Guelph Mercury.

A direct descendant; of Christopher Columbus plum to sail his yacht to America. We must wam 111m. though that this, time it is teamed econ- omists who hold the world is flat- Wlnnipcg Tribune.

Before the war Greece imported goods svorth $127,000.000 a. year. Ex- ports averaged 387.000.1100. leaving a large unfairoreble balance. This was covered by the comings .of the Greek merchant marine, lncome on: foreign investments and receipts from tourists travel. But. today Greece has few gooda to export, her maritime trade L; not. reestablished, her foreign- investments are game. there is little tourist: trove‘. Ob- vlouslyr, for the time being, Greece cannot; maintain. herself without.

PUBLIC FORUM

Thin oolunn la opp to tho diaeanlon by corra- opondooto of qnootiona as tntaroot. Tho l“ iottotowii Guardian dooo not aoaoQr- ily-entioroo tho opinion oi’ corroopondonho.

o‘n‘i'o'b'|'u'lii'n'la'o'-'il‘o“o‘l|'\hV-'fo‘o ll APPEAL COURT

sin-Your editorial not; yester- day stating that the Jones Gov- ernment has the support of the Law Society in it; endeavour: to secure an Appeal Court by sacri- ficing one of tho Cminty Court Judgeshipa. necessitate; some fur- ther statement.

Two matters are not open 1o dlspute:—-

i1) The duties whiloh three Coun- ty Court Judges are now called upon "to pcrfon-n could be perform- ed by only two judges.

(2) P.E.I. has no proper Court of Appeal

The need of a Court of Appeal has been recognized by the legal profession for many years.

Just before the death of Judge Peters, (June 1891), a special meet- ing of the Law Society was cabled bv reason of the lack of a. proper Appeal Court, Malcolm MacLeod. W.A.O. Morson, HJ. Palmer, A B. Warburton and Attorney- General Frederick Peters. were ap- pointed a Committee to report upon the question. At that time. the ap- pointment of a fourth Judge of the Supreme couri Bench appeared to be the only feasible solution. From this it can be seen that the unsatisfactory nature of our Court of Appeal has been realized for mezrly sixty years, and was recog- nized within a period of leas than twenty years after the Province entered Confederation. All this time, 1n the opinion of lawyers. the people of this Province have been denied a proper and much needed Court df Justice. Years ago. 1f a. dispute ln n lawsuit am- ounted to $250 00. there was an appeal in the Supreme Court at Oriana. That solution‘. though an expensive one. was eliminated in 1920. Since then the mailer in dltspute must amount to The subject has been agitated continuously for man-y years. 1n- numerabie references can be found 1n the Minutes of the Law Society. Sevemi possibilities have been considered. and rejected as un- satisfactory. In May. 1922. an Act of the Legislature was passed. dc- claring that the Bench cf the Su- premg Court shall b, com-posed of four judges. This, decimation i! still the law. notwithstanding that only three judges have been ap- pointed.

For nearly iwo decades the poo- sfolliiy of n Maritime Court of AP- p911 m5 been s. subject. of discus- rlon. The late Premier J-D. fill!"- art was in favour of 1t and discuss- ed 1t with’ prominent members of the bar 1n Halifax and elsewhere.

foreign support. The single duct that, Ln- the boat of times, Greece 1m- ported 45 percent of her wheat indicates the dimensions of hor ipresent problem. - Winnipeg Free PPEOS.

The oldoot Anglican church -in t-ho Wesiom Hemisphere, St. Peter's. the pairish church of St. George's, Bermuda, has a new rec- tor, say; s; writer in The New York Times Magazine. A friend of ours witnessed his induction and tells us about 1t. Presented by the war- dens to the bishop, the new man made his vows and received the keys. Then- ihwugh the church in solemn procession he was led to lh! doors, to the front, to the vests-y, to the three-deckcr pulpit, where ha entered tho two upper decks reserved for the clergy. and. flfllily. to the balm’. where he gave tho rope three tugs, the strokes of the bell announcing to listeners, earthly and otherwise. that he had taken charge. Meanwhile the retiring rector stood lonely by U16 Pill?"- Our frfendta sympathy won't out to him.

From an agreeable lntrrctianlfi on the subject of London siatuca in» the House of Commons 1t emerges m“ Jgmgg 1f, who f5 tn store in 30mg locality umdiiscioied. will be re-erccfed in some locality Y" W be deter-ruined thls_Old location has been oversprawled by the Admir- alty). but that the proposal f" l statue at James I 1.r1- the vicinity of Whitehall ls not smiled on. 5511s a writer 1n The London Spectator. Now. that seems 1o me lo be a aliv- Thar; is n0 ground for entertain- ing mg}, rgspecb for any of the Stuarts, but the first of them was b, no moans the worst of 111cm. He was o. patrons of the aria. ht 113d a mt (,0 do with the Authorized Version of the Bible; he initialed university representation in Parlia- ment; he united in his person the 07mm, at Engitnd and Scotland. All the other Stuarts are commem- orated by statues in cr aroussd London. So are all the Hanover-tans down to Edward VII. Why this harsh discrimination against the first of ‘the Stuarts?

Undoubtedly the lllilllll dish‘! icnow 1t or they would have changed things a. bit, especially. now that their revenues are showing consid- erable fnclinatian to 1.1g behind eX- pensoa. But air passengers prefer to sit. facing the mir- instead o! the front of’ the plane. m: ‘I'M Minneapolis star-Journal. For some time the Air Transport Command has been flying two oi-po-aoonlor new; with all seats roverood. Some 700 of ‘IL; passengers have boon

including J.B.M. Baxter faiiefwards Chief Justice). and Mr. R B. Ben- nett. The suggestion was. that the Court should consist of two (or three) members from Nova Sootia. an equal number from New Brun- swick, and one member from Prince lid-ward Ishnd; thus constituting a Court of either five or Swen members. which would hear appeals In the three Provinces. The 811b- Ject was taken up by correspond- once with prominent members of the bar 1n Halifax and Frederic- torn end was discussed at person“ interviews. No opposition to the proposal has ever been encounter- ed.

At the sittings of lhe Roweil Commission in Charlottetown. in- Februrov 1906. the subject was again "discussed. When the Com- miaalon visited Nova Scotla and New Brunswick. Chief Justice Row- olf. who was then chairman of the Commission. asked the views of the members of the bars and of the governments of those Provinces an- tho subject. Chief Justice Howell afterwards roll-fled from tho Oom- mission, but the recommendation of the Commlsslan- rrlomsiless writ- ten by the Chief Justice). is found in Book I of the Commission's Re- port at pages 170 and 1'71, under lhg iiile “Recommendations? These recommendations am loo llflgfhv to quote here in full, but 1he following excerpts may be timeiyz- "There is one P1000581» analogous to provincial uinloai but falling short of it. which we fool ghould be given serious considera- tion. ln view of substantial savings that might result for both the Do- minion and PYOVIHWS mmwmw- At the public hearing; dr the Com- mission the question of the feu- tblliiy of a Maritime Court of Ap- pool was ro1sed....1n tho Maritime Provlnoaa o. rigid division betwofll trial judged and appellate Judie! Ls not made.... In the Maritime Provinces such on exact comp"- ison 1s not possible. as Jude's 11¢"- lng appeals are aiao engaged in trial work. but it seems likely that the work of hearing appeals 1n tho Ooiurls of theae three province! could be done by fewer Judoos than the total number now so encased- It. seems to usnot imrcaaomble that tho nixnber of appellate judges in the Prairie Provfncoa might be reduced by olx. and the number of judges In tho Morfthnos by at least four.

"There are certain differences in the statute law of tho six provinces wide-i- consideration. but in all. tho bsslc common law is the some. Ind the trend of recent yours toward uniformity of stomt, low olltosto that suoh differences u exist would be no imupotabla bor to the 0|‘!!- tion of s. regional court appeal ln each of the two INII. I 1o poo-

askad how they likod the new or- s-sngemont. Ninety-six 110M111 01 tho man and 100 percent of the women favored the change. for the? discovered both coonfort and visib- lllty improved when ‘they faced tho roar. Aircraft doolenors long hovo known that tn tho event of a crash or a roulh landing. a passenger pacing oft. with the whole ouohlmoit seat to take in: any impact. would;- ba loss liable to injury than on