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JANUARY 3. 1933

F;

The Year On The I Canadian National Rys.

By S.AJ. Hungerford, Acting Presi- dent Canadian National Railways

in; s. a. mince-rem, mm; mn- gcm, canadian National Railways)

The year 1932 has witnessed the continuance of the world's greatest economic depression. The revenues b: the railways. in common with those of other enterprises through- out the world, have suffered such revere declnes that the most stren- uous efforts have been required to pope with the situation. The neces- lity for drastic mu-tailment of ex- penditure has been“ fully appreciat- ed by the Canadian National Sys- lcm, and strict economy has been practised in all departments.

Since 1928, when an all time peak in railway revenues in this country was touched, the trend of railway larnings has been steadily down- ward. 1n 1920 Canadian National Railways gross revenues on the all- lnclusive System showed a. decline of $13,000,000 from 1928; in 1030 the decline from the previous ycar l1- lnountcd to $48,000,000; 1931 saw n decline of $50,000,000 from 1930 and lo the end of 1932 the decline was about $38,000,000 as compared With i031. The total decline "in receipts in

i932 as compared with 1928 amounts: to approximately $150,000,000 or 48

pcr cent. For every dollar which the Canad an National received in i028, it received in 1032 only 52 ccnts.

To meet the situation economics have been effected through the elim- fnation of unprofitable services, the reduction and rcorgnnizaton of the supervisory staff, closing of stations and office buildings, laying off a large number of employees, includ- ing many previously carried on part time, and by such other mcaxures us could be made effective without ilcaring loo heavily upon thc com- munities scrved. At‘ the present time the staff is approximately 31 per cent below the i929 level. The total payroll, on the, other hand, is 39 per cent below the 1020 figures. The average number of employees and amount of compensation they 1'9- ccived, from 1929 to the present, is as follows, the 1932 figures, of zoursc, not being final:

1920, average number of clnploy-‘

res 111,383. Compensation $177,037,- 582.

w w'fi'030fliveragé“nulhber’or employ-

ees 101,040; compensation 150,980,094.

1931, average number of employees llidfdfiolnpensation 130,784,630?“

1932, average nwnber of employ- ees 77,000, compensation 108,000,000.

In addition to stall’ reductions which have been mndc, all employ- ccs of the System have been subject to a decrease lnrates of pay rang- ing from 10 pr cent upwards. The economies thus effected has reduced the payroll account by more than $10,000,000 per year. The supervisory

Reduction in 1930 passenger train miles 490,808, passenger train car miles 8,069,938.

Further reduction 1931 3,021,779; }_l55€n8€ train car miles 26,024,207.

Further reduction 1932 passenger tain miles 4,775,156; passenger train car miles 23,804,709. _

Total reduction from 1929 passen- ger train miles 8,277,798; passenger train car miles 57,898,854.

Some idea. of the extent of these reductions may be gained by realiz- ing that they are equivalent to wip- ing out practically one third of the prvsenger train service operated in 1929,

Examination of the operating ex- penses for the years in‘ question show the results of succe~slve mea- sures of economy. In 1029 operating expenses were reduced by $751,000 as compared with 1028 and in 1930, by which time -it was evident, that the depression was not to be short- livcd, operating expenses were rc- duccd by $27.000,000 from those of the previous years: in 1031 there was a, reduction of $20,000,000 from 1030 and ni i032 a further reduction of $43,000.000 from the 1031 T151795. the operating expenses of 1032 be- ing $100,000,000 under 102B. The Y9- duction of expenses on the Canad- ian National Railways by $43,000,- 000 in 1032, with n. decline in revenue of $38,000,000 in the same period 1S somclvllat str king. Good railway practice indicates that a reduction of about 70 cents in operating ex- penses is expected to accompany each dollar reduction in revenues. In 1032, for every dollar decrelve in ,revchue from 1931,‘ the Canadian ‘ National Systcln-reduced its expens- [es by $1.13 and there must also be

taken into consideration the heavy,

reductions in expenses made during the preceding years. ‘ Despite the drasticc economies put into effect. the operating efflciency of thecnnadian National Systcm has been mainta ned at a level con- sistently in accord with better tim- es and in accord with that of other Ilarge railway systems on the North ' American Continent. In general, the lndices of operating efrlc cncy, by which the larger railway systems igauge their performance, show few declines on the Canadian National and grnerallv show improvement. Some of the more important indiccs follow: iFcr i0 months of 1032.) __ l-Grcss ions pcr ‘freight train l1932, 1,471, 1029, 1,474, 1028‘ 1,311. 2—Net tons per freight train 1932 604; 1029, 642, 1023 590. 3—Grors ton miles 111:1" felgllt tra n hour'l932 23,361, 1929, 10,775, 1923 15.445, 4~Freight train miles per freight train hour (speed) 1032 15.9, 1920, 13.4, 192a 11s.

which represents n. direct economy to the railway.

1n gauging measures of economy to meet ‘declining revenues, the ex- ecutives of e railway system must guard against jeopordiang the con- dition o1 the property. Facilities and equipment must be maintained on a standard of safety and emclency. This factor his been carefully cou- sidemd by the Canadian National Railways management and n, the present time the property is in fit and proper condition to handle all traffic offering, safely and efficient- ly.

Operating expenses may be broad- ly grouped under three main head- ings: First, transportation expenses representing the cost of the move- ment of traffic and station services; ‘second, mainenance expenses having to do with repairs to and renewals of the fixed property‘ and rolling stock. and third, other expenses. Any reduction 1n iransportaton ex- pellscs is a true saving a11d,rcprc-' sents "money ill pocket,‘ but tool drastic cuts in maintenance expense are prone to result Ln tile property

me CHARLC'1‘TETOWl\_l_G_I_l_1_\_l§D_I1_\_N

and cqulpmtnt. Many of the prop- erms pow part of the National System were, prior to consolidation, in pocl‘ condition and others had hardly emerged from the construc- tlon stage. Newly developing districts required railway facilities and large expenditures were required if the fullest advantage of consolidation- was w be secured. at present. how- ever-, only capital expenditures which cannot be avoided are undertaken. mg capital expenditures during the last few years were: 1929 $91,550,- 000; 1930 $66,575,000; 1931, $34,287,- 000 and for 1032 the figures will be approximately $2,100,000,

‘my and Mr. P. a. MacDonald (Mil

Mad Owl Terrifies London Motorists

TIGNISH

Honorable, Governor Dalton who has been visiting in Tignlsh return- ed to Charlottetown on Thursday.

IONDON, Eng, Jan. 2.——A mys- terious bird which haunts the neighborhood of Wormwood Scrubs struck terror into the hearts of a. woman motorist and three pedes- ilians one night recently.

On Wednesday last Mrs. E. J. McTague delightfully entertained at‘ three tables of bridge. Two hours of interesting and snappy play was brought to a close by the awarding of prizes. The winners being Mrs. Colin Conroy and Mr. Urban Mc- Lellan lMajorl, Miss Marge Con--

' Miss Catherine Grell v/as in a car

with her fiance. Mr. l1. C. Leon- ard, of Culwcrth Street. St. John's Wood, when "a large white object" swooped down on iileln.

nor). A delicious lunch was daintly served by the hostess. Mr. and Mrs.

The policy which has been pur- ‘sued in 1392 has pemlitted, on the combined Canadian National Rail- way sy tem Jnciuding the Eastern,

Lnes. 9f an improvement in net

revenueffrom operating account. of nearly $6,000,000 as compared with 1931, and this result has been achlevedm the face of a decline in gross revenue of $33,000.000. Items ‘of income, revenue and expense, such as income from separately op- erated properties, rentals of joint

becoming run down, Io the detri- mcnt of service and the jeopardiz- .ng of safety. Those proportions of the total reduction in expcrr-es which can be attributed to reduced, transportation costs and to reducedi maintenance expenses on the Can-' ndian National system, when com-, pared with similar figures for Class l 1 railroads of the United stalesl during the same period, show that? the policy followed by the Canadian l

facilities and car equipment, show

iconriderallie changes in detiai: ex-i Th" R“. lpenses in connect on with the rental ‘ was m Tia M‘ on Thursday [of car equipment in particular show;

substantial reductions.

An exiraordinary item of expense which has militrlted against a more favorable showing In 1932’ is the pre- millm on U. S. funds. Th1." charge was heavier in i932 than in 1031, and, while there were some com-

l

1irnsatlng advangcs to the companyl

_ _ Iflcnl the situation affecting sterl-

wlth the bcst practice of other rull- .

ways on the North American Con- ‘ mg’ the n“ 105s to the Company‘ ‘ ‘during the year through the for-

Nntional is sbbstantlillly in accord

McTagllc have for their house guest| ;Mrs. McTagucs nephew, Mr. Ed" imond Hess an, Halifax, N. S.

“The bird," said Mr. Lenard. “SWQDK down with a. rush on to Miss Grclls shoulder. She gave a [ner- cing shriek, and in the excitement I 11l.~:lrly' lost control of (he cur.

, Th9 friends of Ml‘. Paul Buotc, Tignisll are sorry to learn of his‘ illness in the City Hospital, Char- _ lottetolvn.

Frightened By Cry

‘I jammed on the brnkcsf and flu-n I saw an inunexlsc oivri, with 11 wing span of at least three iect. on her shoulder. Her _cry must have frightened it, for a nlomcnr latl-r it flew 01f.

"Although I have been (lrivinc: for some years I have never c2;- _ _ pericnced such a thrill. Miss Grell ! at Tignilh midnight Mass n st. l was so unnerved that She handy-u cw Simon and st. Judes Church was i0 bPli 05 S0011 =15 I ilfld driven 11H‘ celebrated lljv thc Rcv. Father Mc- illmll“

Rev. J. A. lvlucDonald preached an i us m a busy streei wcYvvould mob‘ eloquent sermon on the gospel‘ Be_ ably have met with dllaastc-r." fore Muss tlu- buyS' choir under the‘

Mr. Hector Buote and Mr. Wal- _ll>r Bernard, students; at S. D. U. are spending their Christmas hoii-l days at their respective hcnlr~s in ,'I‘lgnf.~ll. l

"lillcr lVicKcnna, Lot 7

Grcll the bird swooped clown on}

dire/mm of Mr‘ Edgy“ Perry‘ their a dog which was b01111: taken for a‘

zlligismshbllicntzgrctl gg1iq?1r1n?“:}rg:r:;,1"un about a mile from the i-lortll O n ° ‘g3 O M1" c ‘3 r Pole Hotel. Its owner, Mr. John by M“ Arum’ Perry greatly “ugqllarrlson, of Median Road, Clap-

Soon after it had terrified 1111s,;-

Historic Erin T0 Be Studied

CAMBRIDGE, M955. Jan. 2.- Profcssol" E. A. I-iooton, of the de. partnlent of Anthropology of Har- vard Unlversty hsslannounced a

{survey of the complete racial his- aiory of ll-l-land will be undertaken. ‘The survey will cover prehistoric tunes and extend ‘to present-day

ylrish FY89 Slate social. economic and racial characteristics. ' Con-tiered a pioneer anthropo-

logical survey of modern limes, the project has the approval of Presi- dent Eiuuon do Valera of the Irish Free Slzltc.

In ‘a plv-llluinury survey during the palslJsumlnl-r, new evidences of earl 111511 life were unearthed in lax . anions. bringing to light valu- able information on prehistoric and Purl‘: will m1 periods.

S]‘l|"!'f‘ii 1m ' these excavations, i plans ii five year study l illlugical, sociologcal and PYLVQPZII anthropological angles.

At Bliliilifl-JITY, in County West- lllPiPil w (liscovercd last sum- mg" or lllkc dwelling

of ilnl 10th century‘, A. D. Sur- , rounded by high stakes it was a huge wooden building. built on a raft- like piwfln-m of logs in the centre lilllll‘ of dug-out r" 2 It. is believed fills 1111111111.; ‘.1115 inhabited for nearly 1.000 pears lly the ancient

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‘Irish. will yrobribly‘ 40 persons at iilnc,

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‘PAGE

u. s. s. R. Plans 1T0, Ease Pace

MOSCOW, Jan. l-Considcrabll easing of the present pace of in- dustrial construction in the Soviet Union beginning with the advent oi the Second Five-Year Plan- wnl seen today in an announcement that the State's capital investment in all Socialist economy ill 1932 will be more than 3,000,000,001. rubles less than in 1932. (The nom- inal value of the ruble is 51.5 cents)

An announcement was made by D. G. Sulimoff, President of the ‘Council of People's Commissars of

the Russian Socialist Federated

Soviet Republic, reporting that tha flwdy in the 193s plan placed tofu ‘capital investments for the vlhoi ‘union at 18,000,000,000 rubles, com

pared with 21,1oo,ooo,0_o0 in ms pm.

‘sent year and 16,100,000,000 in 1931

i, The Russian Socialist Ffederaicl Soviet Republic is the largest of fir. Soviets seven republics, conslitut.

iing 92.7 per cont of the entire un.

‘ion and approximately 70 per Q9111 of fir.- p.;1n|lation. In i: are locate:

most of the country's b-asic inclus.

tries. .

i sulillmffs "D011 is significalu and seems to bear out me 1mm already noted toward a genera slowing up oi‘ feverish intilnltl-in eftorls lil lilai, willie 1t is declare;

‘that cml- ‘llciiinllrgy. IllHCllilif buildlils- transport and the social-

‘IZGUOH of agriculture will confirms

them‘ Using the expenses of 1929 icgn exchange situation was $4.500,- ‘ lnentrd the phoir. 8 a. m. Mass was

as a. criterion and apportioning the mun reduction of expenses during Reference has been made to the» r d , V f“, ‘MN .1 yho the Yea“ 1930' 1931 and 1932' "o the ,rigid curtailment cf C-X1)'_‘l1(i.tlll‘C5 on = cite _ )2], n?‘ l?“ 5,1,0 t“. bite“ date at which "omlflete we" ‘now capital works, and the poiicyiako men“ m a “Ty ‘I l‘ t‘ 0M5 “"9 a"am‘bl°» among the “bu” I 1111;; illso bccn followed, in accord- j mo“ on the Fmft of _ 1s Inns, marge ma,“ groups’ u“, p 5mm of laPU , ‘wad practice in times “.1030 Hlfrll Mass \\£1:SvC(‘l03';\(1tl‘d1b§ the Canadian National system. \‘.'i‘.1‘l‘i',1vC-. i bus new of using‘ as rm. 1'1" A NIf‘°D°_“v“*d d? t‘; 3,5? mmpamd M)‘ Class 1 railways miZlS DQ851113, the stdcks of HlAI-BfiBiS§p€.aCJod' T?“ Chonsniil ‘leh ‘L the United States is lholvn as 101-,“ hand. These and other factors “ch21 of M1- J~IJ~ lows: ' 11111-5 brought about n reduction in aqainibauinfill-scid a 5203131 vm-sy Pficenmge of mml redumm m lthe cash requirements of the rail- rirdni ht Mass at, lyacion 101:7 °"l"“’5°s “mpamd Wm‘ 192°‘ jvev covering the rear 1932» W1 l" was ‘reigns-tried bv m; pawn, the Redililiflil in tIBYiSDOTl-atlflfl EX-‘consequcnce the Government ulilllRev‘ Phakm Megan“ who 515° pcnses Canadian National Rfliiilfiys-‘bc allied upon to flu-lush for tllc‘p,,,a,,,,,d a W“, insmwuve and e1. 45.11am ifigssallxcgj,ci_niicfiziils £23m!“ {needs Ofuilli‘ yillgllgézlfl a much small- cqucm semuzm on m? Nathan, of ‘~- ,cr sum a 1 . ' i . . A,‘ _ 1 5515;- Railways 51-2; 0105s 1 U- 5- W905i Whcn the geneai upturn in bus- fiilcizldaioz;oéi,smun_ 540- liness 0311195 about the Canadian ‘on. Arm, Mass the paflshwners Other expenses Canadian Naiion- National system ‘v.11 quickly Show‘ “waited on their pastor and presem nl Railways 2.9; class 1 U. S. roads in creased net earnings and income, \ ted him m, addmss and presenta. 3'7‘ - its resiliency and its power or mdion. The address which was read Total Canadian National Rail- ‘coveryh Qpeya-i, 11g, {is it has been by Mr. norm‘, Mcmmna'ven, m_ ways i000; class 1 U- S- reeds 10°9- in 1932, with about itv ps1" cent of “ugly convey“, ,0 ‘he Re“ Father

In the crlsr of the Canadian Nfl-‘lls 192s traffic, tllele is a. definite how much his ,,,,O,_,,.s “we be,“ tional Railways. 51.2 per cent of 111,111», to ms capamy LO Woduce 1m.

lmyroli of the Cfllmriim N-itienflli 5—F1l81 cons-umed per 1000 gross System was considerably reduced ton miles (pounds) 1932, 115, 1929, during 1932 through the consolida- 1Z5, 1923, 14g,

tion oi’ operating districts end div-- 6-Fue1 consumed per passenger isivnsl by the eboliion of a number car mile (pounds) 1932 13.0. 1929, of positions and u. general readjust-l 133, 1923 151

ment of salaries, so that the cost 0i‘ One of the dlfllcultics facing rau-

supervision of the Canadian Na- tional Bystem ls currently at. e. level of approximately 35 per cent below that of 1020.

The eliminaton of a. great many unprofitable passenger services has been brought about by e. severe

curtailment of passenger train miles. The reductions in passenger train miles and passenger car milcs from the 1929 standard follow:

i consumption has

cxsvculcllocson’:

BLACK

T WIST roaeeo

lway operating ofllcers in times of flailing traffic 15 that of keeping up the average loading of freight rtrnlns. As ind catcd by items 1 and 2, the freigii, train load on the Canadian National System has stood up well despite the severe decline in traffic offerings. In addition, the average speed of freight trans has been increased, and as shown, fuel been reduced,

the total reduction ilncxliflises i5 attributable to reduced ma Iltcnsnve For class 1 railroads of the United States, the corresponding figure ls 54 0, which indicates that then-ei- ailvc operating conditon of till!‘ Canadian National Railways today. when compared with that of i020, is at least equal i.o, if not slillhiiyl better, than that of the larger rail- way systems of the United Stilt-BS-

The effect of depression on the ancllary activities of the Canadian National system has parallellcd that on the railway proper. Express and1 telegraph services, hotels and the numerous other activities of the System have suffered shrinkages in; income substantially equivalent t0 those of the railway. Drastic meas- ures have been necessary 511d dras‘ to steps have been taken. The re- ductions in expenses in the subsi- diray services, 1932 from 1929, fife as follows: Express service, 31 P" cent; telegraphs 24 per cent; hot- els Q per cent; other subsidiary

prcsslve net earningi. no matter how econom cal may be the admin-i isizntion of the pIYlpPIiV.

Nature Leads” Ill Death Toll‘

COLCRADO SPRINGS, Col, Joni‘ 2—Civii'zation has brought guns into the mountains, but nature her- self still is a more ruthless killer than mun.

Tho United States forestry report for the Pike National Forest re- veals thug; 163 deer were slain in the forest during 1932 to date, by mountain lions and coyotes. Man kllcd only 143 during the brief hunting season.

Despite the dcpreclations of pre- datory animals, however, elk, deer and mountain sheep are increasing. ‘There were 42 more bears in the forest this year than in 19311

It was etfmaied that thcrc are

he was held by the people of the

fully acknowledged ilvir ‘tribute and thanked the pm-Qhzo‘: s of Brac- ton for their char 1y a iiy in his behalf.

The friends of Mrs. 0.1". ALGrath are pleased to know that she is re- covering from a serious injury; rc- cently sustained.

Mr. wilburt l-{arpcr son of Mn and Mrs. ohn P. Harper who has been employed in the sllldi‘ 0f m‘ gillcerng with a Nc\\' York firm i5 at present, visiting his parents at Tlg11ish.--T

forest contains some 4.500 deer. and 73 brown and black bears. It is estimated there are 1,090 coyotes in the regon-an increase [over inst year, and 46 mountain lions, also an increase. The bobcat total

' ccmlnunit-y; ~Ti1€~R€¥-:—F&H1@T—--§Pflt8=-l_§i_lll011th .‘_' _

.:l ..gel121'os-_.'__

ton, rushed to the dog's nssisiarco 1 and struck at the bird with his, slick. - Tile bird thereupon attckcd n. Harrison. who received sclvcrc scratches to his face and ll-ul his‘ cvcglasscs dnmagd. Mr. Harrison said:

i ~l. ' ‘l

“Tile bird must ilave nlistakcn my dog-which is a fox terrier-l for a rabbit. It flung its Wings" round the body of the dog and‘ peeked furiously at it.

“Piercing howls from the anim-, al caused me to dash to its assist- 1 nnce, and though I struck out with, my stick, the bird was considerably ’ quicker in its movements than I‘ was, and after scratching my face; rather badly, knocked off my glas- ses.

"After the fight had last-ed fourl of five minutes the bird flew off.‘

wpgccmted and p“, 05199,.“ 1n whmhflt seemed to be all owl, iJl'0‘.\‘il an i London dctccii\,c_

riop, with light-colored frilillz-l": llll--

i “ Naturalists Theory‘

Dr. T

staying in London, said: "I went to Wormwood Scrubs to-

ol’ this mysterious bird, and at 7.30

woman running. I ran after them‘ nnd saw a bird flying off, about fif- ty yards away, silhouetted against a lamp. It had attacked ihcln.

“I followed it and found it per- ched in a tree. I flashed a power- ful torchiight on it and found i: was a female albino owl: it was:

red eyes, but my torchlight blind? ed. it for the moment and I could. not see their color.

"It has probably come from! Wales, or broken away from .-nn~.':i

Lo be emphasized in 1033, it doe: not mention any new large SCQIQ construction such 11:; ('l11il'ilCl01‘lz<-g‘ the First Five-Year Plan now end- lug.

Instead, major attention is ex- pected Lo be devoted to lile'dg-,»(1. Qhment of 111C present heavy indus~ ma] Plants in all effort to increas. productivity and reduce costs, m lhesanle time zlccentuuting cor-reg. pondlngly tin» rlvvcloplln-n; of 11g“

lxvllus 1ND, 1mg. Jail. 2.-'r mmlslllv- °" ill" I>l'<'13'1~'l1'>il of coll- lnau, found (lead recently sitting Twmcrs’ 30°C“- in r1 IIlOYOT-Clll‘ in the early morn-I 1112.111 the wilds of Cornwall,

zilscnvclgv was a huge \,l {our grave mound clat- ing Incl; ii) the prehistoric bronze ago. 1t i» mtuatcd on the 600-100: hill of Kllorknst, traditionally liiiIf-Vll lilo I-Iill of Victory. '