Al’.13_lI.--1.2- 124.1

"_r_ij_l£ QBARLOTTEIOWN GUARDIAN

- NEWSY NOTES -

l! AGllOOl-A

NOTES ON ISLAND PLANTS

The Scrophularlaceao

This large and rather important fnliilly takes its name from the genus Scropliularla. which was i unsrly had in repute as a cure 1 ill.‘ ills-ease called Scrofula. rncse particular plants have been found .n N. B and Quebec. but not in this Province as yet. l-low- sier we have several other mem- on of the family that will repay our consideration

The first of these is the Com- mon Mullein, Verbascum Thapsus. prom n large basal rosette of pale- ui n velvety leaves there springs -,{ ll stem, adorned here and there with smaller leaves and terminat- 111g iii a long spike of yellow flow- r-rs. The spike is not as prett as it "hgiit lie, since only a few lowers open at a time; and often the “hole plant is covered witll wind- bloivn sand and looks very shabby. ‘inc seeds of the Mullein are said 1;. have medicinal properties, and are understood to be an emetic. The infusion of the dried leaves \\'l1S formerly used in co‘.ds and inozicliiai affections gcnsialiy". The iiullein is distasteful to cattle in stilllt‘ irianiicr; perhaps from the sand it generally carries, or from game peculiar taste. It is host to l. small clack thrips. which is com- mon among the "wool" of the l(‘1l\(‘S in the fall. S.r James Hook- ir remarks that the woolly leaves were once used for lamp wicks.

‘There is a good garden species, vi-rbascum Llbanl, which as its nclne shows, hails from the Lebanon Mountains. The spike is iong. the flowers are all open to- gether and are sweetly fragrant. ‘llie leaves are covered with a unite velvety "pile." This Mulleln is extremey long-lived; a plant in my flower border completed its fourteenth year in 1940!

with regard to the Yellow Toad- flax. (Llllllflib vulgurls) it is a weed we could well do without. It is icry persistent in cultivated ground, ipreadiiig from the roots in hay- lzrlds and perfecting its seeds even

ilier the liiiy has been cut. In shape the flower is ve like that oi iiic garden Snap ragon or

Alilll'l'lllllllm, but the color is pale

yillmv and orange which has gain- , w! lllf‘ p ant another popular name i

-."B\lll1‘l‘_ and Eggs.” Such a flcivor, with two ltps and a spur, is said to be "personate“; but at nines, rarely perhaps, the Toudflax (llCs io getaway from this form an prlt ICPS "D'.‘lOl'll1"(l0W€l‘S with five rill llllg spurs and an individed. p shaped corolla. (I have found " ria ilcivers on other Linarls lt.llilC‘l_\' L. dalmatica and L. cyinbal- ii l both cultivated plants). The s] r ls a ncctary, holding a sweet ii .d for the dslectation of the big \..ld ii~ - - emit

Edaxwort; and in the U. S. according to the “Treasury of ' "' it was called "Ramstead. ' .' ‘o is said to attract flies. ~ with milk it was for- iis a cosmetic, A yellow - i c obtained from this medically the Toadflax is re- l_v piirgative and duretic. In n (lays the monks cultivated it um plant. or Herbert Groh. of Of.- f . ., nd tiieLcsscr Toadflax (l.. ininoi-i here in 1923. and 1 have s.i.i-_- than found it growing in a bd c; carrots in a field. I sulllms‘ to‘ it lo have been introduced with ilic carrot seed. It is a smaller. c r plant an annual; and the. . 11113 purple with the low- p ivi .h and tile palate .Vl‘l' ioililiig is known of "5 Pm‘

> . can MaeSwains list of "ROW- ering Plants of Prince Edward Is- land“ (issued as a sllplllemenl m sprozioirs High School Botallyl. giro. Hi2 ‘ sard-Toilfllle’ we'll" iicirion piibescens) as lollllfl T1979» liis description is: Stcnl 1-2 ll- lirgli; leaves oblong to 18110901819- Z-i inches long, the radical (Will/em ovate or oblong corolla inflated.

Lilli.

Your government's llflflll" turiil department is strand! advocating tho use of lime this season. Consult 170"!‘ agricultural representative concerning the application of llmc to your soil,

There are many Ifl~ sons fnr this; you ll ely know flu-m all and are. lannin to lime your farm t ls Sol‘ III- To avoid being disappointed in delivery. lace your 0rd" now while " rookvlllc" Illlll Grade Limestone ls selling at (he same low rice us last all Brookvlllc agr cultural Lime ll the finest manufactured and will glvl! early results. Consult lllly farmer who has used lt- Rcgnrdless of increased ll"!- aducilnn costs. there ls no ln- crease in prlce to you lhll spring. \

mucus $3.00 per ion ln Bulk $3.75 per ton In Bags

Car lots of 30 Tons or more delivered to your nearest rail- wav station in P. E. f.

Avoid the u uiii rush by blon- "llllz your requirements early. Send your order TODAY

lbecifvlns shipping date to

Brookville Mfg. Co. Limited llfoolivllle. Si. John C0,. NI. Mrs. H. G. S Adams, Prel- Plione 3-0242 or 3-2733

bell-shaped .11 ll-lobed. IUWCgrQ-fllefirgl] Q‘ violet °f Pllrilllsh or partly whitish. m. lfofghbéiiiad sterile) filament is yq]. confingd 3'31: Ilfobably yehnsalflw Y vs not e t h d 0- we coal-J.“ i.“3.‘.‘.il°.'.‘.°..ilt.li:l and well-known, at least to botan- ists. It prefers moist ground such "-5 m‘! blmllilde. 0r even wet woods The stem is four-sided —you m. member Wlllll I said in the closin Daffltlfllph of the Labiates? —an llllbfbllclled. but well supplied with opposite lanceolate leaves, '11“, white flowers, each curiously snap. ed like a turtles head, form a short W89 8D at the summot of the plant. This plant is worthy of quart- ers in the garden and may be Dro- Bfllsllted by seed. by division in the

mer. Another name for this plant is ‘Balmonyfl’ for which 1 u“ find no explanation. In the her. bals the Chelone is credited with

bein a. purgative, a vermifuge for ch11 fell. and a remedy for dyspepsia and jaundice.

A close neighbor of the Turtle- head is the Square-stemmed Moli- Kel’ Flower. (Mlmuluo rlugens), It 70°. delight in the brookside, and‘ doesnt object to wet feet. The stem is slender, smooth and bronch- ed as o. rule; and the leaves l‘) opposite. The flower is of the Antirrhinum kind but is "ringent"; that is the lips are not closed like those 0f the Toadflax but are "gap- ing : also the flower is of a beau- tiful color between blue and lavend- er. Another Mimulus which is probably destined to become a troublesome weed in (file Province

the creeping M. moschatus, known in England as the Musk Plant; which ls there grown in windows and conservatories. The stems and leaves are beset with loniyflno hairs, which secrete a stic fluid. The small yillow flow- ers are ringent, and s Iald smell of musk. but there is a. lamentation among botanists: they assert that the pant is losing its fragance. A few years ago, in the Appin Road district. I saw brooks literally chok- ' by the Mimulus. i Next we turn to the brackish river-banks and shores to find the udwort, (Llmosella aquatics l .Thls is a small creeping annual ‘with slender runners; the leaves lof our variety have, no "blade"~ and so are owl-shaped or else

d thread-like. The flowers are smalLi oak; one and mm “arm. cords of

white or purplish.

Concerning Fruit Trees

The mail has ust. brought me a | pamphlet heade o Tree Fruits on Prince Edward llsland." This booklet (which is the joint work of Dr. J. A. Clark, ;Superintendent, and Mr. G. C. l Warren, Assistant Horticulturist. of the Charlottetown Experimental ‘ Station) is the most practical and - timely exposition of the subject that ' I have read for o. long time. It. l helps the novice to select the pro- i per location for the orchard (it is surprising. runs m thoughts. to .find how many o us are really ' novices in tins important matter); then it names a few select vari- i ties of fruit trees and gives parti- lcular irections as to planting. Many trees are lost every year through ignorance of the rules laid down in this little treatise. Sod , mulch, the use of fertilizer, and the pruning of the orchard, all receive i adequate notice. Whether you al- l ready have an orchard or are only thinking-Of starting one, you need this practcai little work; and you will get it, I think. by f-lYOPDlYlE B line to the Experimental station,

t . Ci f qlafllvh¢l1lll Winter Fuel."

In the spring-time of other years one might see every day a. pro- cession of laden woodslleghs, tak- ing home the logs to be sawn up. split and dried for fuel for the following winter. There are very fow of such cavalcades this sprlnfi of 104i. because the woods are fu (of snow so deep that it is im-

possible to work n them. This con- dition will remedy itself just when the roads get too bad for hauling.

The Dominion authorities pub- lished (some time ago) a rather interesting comparison of the dif- ferent (woods as fuel. The best hardwood are beech, yellow brlch,

"BY GORDON LHTDSA _ nouiuig ls m be rallied from:

working soil before it is reedy~ 1n 'foct with heavy ground. accordins I m garden authorities. too early d18- gmg is about the worst possible thing one can do. Not only l4 ll ‘ mggv job, 1n the first PLUM» bl" the gticky clay is quite likely to lilo later into hard lumps. suit/able WI- haps for tItllpDfRTY puddles mat"- m_ but no; fur g.ow.ng flowers and

l be .

Wfib nlattei- of fact gardening ls not classed as heavy wvlll- N"! w’- tlanly lifting mud is. One would curb the natural impulse in be clll digging in earlv Sarina lllld "b" until the surface water has Wm‘ pletely aisapvvawl and °ll° w" ma; and work in the garden with- out getting the shoes muddy. When the sofl reaches this stage ll l8 lll to work, and not before. 000d ill-l‘- den soil in the iisbt Wllllllllll cm"- tion crumbles and breaks low "M tiny,- pieces; it does not lmll "W0 lumps.

DON'T PLANT TOO SOUN-

This warning against workingroll u» soon also applies to plant i15- Many more flowers and veseklblcs m oat flu-ouch bllll "l! l°° '°°“ than too late, and in War limo (8- poeioiiy we cannot afford such waste. ‘There are, it is true. a l0“ things that are not hurt by sowins Qgfly. plants that naturally TWP": due; tliemsclves ln_ Canada In lhls category will be onions. garden pcll8_ iyssum. All of the": m m more will stand moderate "m" ""5 throughout most of Canada can be gown just as soon as the soil can ‘b, worked. But (here are a Ilflll m,“ mm, flowers (m1 vegetalilis that will ‘not Sllflllvf. . s

. .- ,... fl ._. »- . must nit e l M,’

d. plrlip

. 0r by stem cuttings in sum-'

"The Production i

Canadian Garden $ervice-—l941

Y SMITH‘

l th cal turns warm. m geyrwilllymt make l-lly WWW‘

Points To Be l Noted About Package Bees

The rich honey harvest of Ca-n- ada. is attractive w Soutlhein bred baa-smoke‘ 511113118 g them will smog tinmlsihvuriihayDoniini m Mn

is year should ar- range for their arrival during the latter pant of Aprzl or the first two weeks of May. says C B. Gcoder. ham. Dominion Apiamt, central Eilpcfimental Farm. It should also’ mneuibered that Wféckage bees sire subject to the Ebfchange l“ 07 10 D01‘ 06m and arrange- ments should be made to pov this loll promptly so as w avoid dam- 8891M dole-v 1n delivery. All equip-l men/t necessary for the housing and i feed-m of the bees should be ready- wheuithey arrlvehssoonutihe 51's‘ d them in a cool shady Dlwe and sprinkle the screening of‘ the packages with cool water or tihin sugar syrup and‘ leave them until evening before‘ 4 .' ‘Ilieire are several methods of hlvna mousse bees but at One Central Experimental Farm. Ot/t- awa. preference is given the follow- 11181 1 Equip each hive with five drawn combs containing a good $110911’ 0f honey and pollen. Place . these combs to one side of the hive; .2. Remove feeder can from the P8016880 and l.ft out the queen ca e Remove the cover from the candy hole of this case and push a nail: through the candy. Suspend the 0889 between the two combs nearest the centre of thi- hive and shake _ a few bees from (he package on mp .of the combs immediately above the queen uige; 3. Place g, small pebble on the fioorboard of the’ hive and stand the package. upside 41W"- l-‘fl "he hive alongside the‘ Wllbfl- lflkllliif Cllre to rest one edge of the package on the pebble S.) that the bees may escape to the combs; 4. Cover the hive and re-~ duoo the entrance to one inch 'Next morning remove the empty lwse replica»: it with drawn

El

pac- Wmb- Twenty-four hours later see, that tlhe queen is released from her cage. Do not examine the colony for at least one week after install.

‘In: tfho bees as idle curiosity too often kills good queens.

l Foo- furiher details writ to the iacvision of Publicity and Exien. sion Department of Afilltlllllllf,

l for a copy of "Package Bees" Wm-

iTfme Pamphlet No. 3.

i rock elm, hickory, rock Ina/me and

these are calculate to r - much heat as the bllfllllllz; idrufieifi: of anthracite coal. The next bggb hardwoods are ash, white birch, black cherry, red, and white elm_i lllld Silver mill-pie; it takes one and i one-half cords of these to give the same amount of heat, Then. bring. ing up the rear are the light hard- woods. alder, bkisswood, butternut and DOPIBI‘; it takes two cords of these to equal a ton of coal,

l‘ The Story of Beowulf

‘ The story of Beowulf, an Anglq- Saxon saga of the seventh cen- tury. is well known to students of history as one of the oldest poems in the language. A summary of it would sound like one of Grimm's filly-tales. yet it has dignity and reality in spite of its fantastic character. There is no evidence that the hero. Beowulf the Great, ever existed, but many of the Scand- inavian Kings and chiefs mention-

-ed in the poem, are actually his-

torical figures. Among Beowulfs

exploits are the maiming of the monster Grendal, and the slaying,

of his ivitch-mother beneath the i

Will-eff) 01’ R lake; the hero, grown ‘

old. is fatally wounded by a fiery,

dragon which is quarding a hoard‘ of treasure in a tumiilus.

The poem is in short lines. well supplied with alliteration. Here are five lines which will show how far the English language has advanced‘ since Beowii1f‘s day-

n

The woes on sande

Sae geag naca

I-lladen ere-woedum

Hrlngcd Stefna

Maerum and mathrum.

'I'lie translationz-"There was on the sand: That spacious ship: Lad- en with army-garments: The ring-

rowed vessel: With horses and

reasures." My comments are: Sande has two syllables; the final "e," (which is sounded) is found

evolved a plain of wiping out all tho animsfs in the park. leaving it idle for ‘three years, then restocking it with wildlife from other parks.

there were condemned and burned

still says "Whats ta geapin’ at?"

here, an army, akin to “viri" Latin

I WIHLI

1 CONSERVATION I

COLUMN OI‘ PRAUIIOAL OPINION! OI‘ I‘!!!

VITAL ISSUES AFFECTING TH! USES AND ABUSIS OF

NATURAL RESOURCES BY HFIELD

LIB. LUDDOW IINKHS.

CANADIAN SLAUGHTER. EXPLAINED

Silence which has sin-rounded the reason for slaughter of animals at Wainwright National Park last autumn was broken as game en- thusiasts gathered in Oalgiory for the annual meeting of the Almeria. Fish and Game Asociation.

The meeting was told that for years the animals have been suffer- mg from infwtod with 26 different types of parasites. and that the pasture in the park was not sufficient to feed the natural increase 0f animals there.

Faced with the necessity of dru- tic action the Dominion government.

“So many carcasses slaughtered

in very many words right down to the time of Chancer. Gea is the same as gape and gap; it as the idea. of opeeniiess; the Cumbrian

(What are you gaping atl). I have translated it as spacious, though it ma mean open. i. e.. without a. dec , Naca, a distant form of the Latin nauta, a sailor; applied to the ship itself. Here-waedum;

for men, and waedum, garments; that is, corslets and armor. We still use the word "weeds" but have restricted it to the mourning ar- ments of a widow. The tiermiria ion “urlrtii; 151%‘ case-‘Fnldilrlg meanrilng "w " e Eng s anguage as thrown off all those troublesome endings, in favor of propositions - a change for the better; though it took man generations to accom- plish. The rlynged vessel is mention- ed elsewhere in Beowulf, without making it clear whether the Wings" kvfcre objects of lrérnamgnt‘ or utility.

HPFlllll. l6 0 WOT Oi‘ 110F595, still survives in the word marshal, which originally meant horse-at-

tendant or om, but has crept up the socia scale; while mare is restricted to the female of the

species. ‘The "um" is the case end- ing again. Mathrum is gone from the language: it meant gifts or treasures. but sounded uncouth.

These few lines are from the 28th chapter of Beowulf and are ra- ther easy in comparison with some others in the story.

Earthquakes Fewer

‘There are seven or eight thous- and earthquakes annually but com- paratively few of them get into the news. ‘That is because most of them are of short. duration and of little effect on life and property. Those that get into the news (sometimes in the press, often over the radio) are those that have caused damage or casualties; and it is these that I have tabulated for the past few Ybars. By some law of nature as yet unknown. the viol. ent earthquakes are most frequent between the beginning of October and the end of March. though their frequency seems to vary (unna- countably- with the year. In that period 1939-40. there were 21 major earthquakes and two volcanic eruptions that made news; in 1940- 4l_. the number had fallen to 15, with no eruptions to speak of. There was evidence that lunar and planetary conjunctions had some- thing to do with these manifesta- tions, but there are not yet suffici- ent, data to build any generaliza- tion upon.

tuberculosis. have been to In

,the state department of conserva-

that friends told me they could smell the lmoke as far south as Didsbury," W. C. Fisher, president of the association, stated.

One of the delegates said he had learned from a reliube source that ten per cent of the buffalo killed at Wainwright last autumn had been condemned and burned.

All carcasses were inspected by Dominion inspectors and. only those fmuid fr“ from disease distributed

dim reserves or sold to the

o. Itwagncoessuyiowlpeout (he entire herd. even though many of l/hg animals were healthy, as any that might be removed to other re- serves might carry disease to des- troy the parasites. _ The Albertan was told by dele- soles that protests had been made to the federal government concern- ing tuberculosis among the animals at Wainwright. However. nothing was don at that time and the sit- uafion finafly bemme s0 bad that only drastic action would remedy it.

Dr. William Rowan. uoologist of the University of Alberta when questioned. stalled three years would be sufficient to kill all parasites and disease in the park. He said it would then be possible to restock the area. with healthy animals from other game reserves.

It was reported goverrment auth- orities were in no way responsible for the infestation of animals. and that the ‘park had been run in a. very excel ent manner. ft was said the animals contracted tuberculosis and parodies from domesticated cattle v/hioh had been allowed to graze off park postures.

MINK FROM FARMS

One of Vermonils newest indust- ries. mink raising. continues on the upgrade, according to propagation pennits already,- fsued tli‘s year by

tion and development.

A total oi 191 permits has been issued during the first three month, fir‘ illlgwriew year as compared to 147

This moi-ease 1n the number of rainches in the state has resulted despite the fact that, according to Director of Fsh and Game George George w. Davis, “The market for pe‘ts has suffered from the war and the dumping of Easwm furs 0n this market." '

The growth in the mink-raising blulness. lhoweveo‘, has not been confined to Vermont. Other parts of the United States. Canada and Alaska are competing in the field.

Director Davis explained that "one reason for the munber of ranches is the abundant supply of fisheries by-lprodlucts at the Boston and fllortlland fish piers and the short

18.11 .

"Refrigerator trucks." he continu- ed. “can-y away tons of frozen fish which is available for mink foorl at about two and one-half cents a Wllnd delivered." It costs about one and one-ha‘! cents a. day to feed one of these animals.