.THE GUARDIAN

Flblubod even woe:-6;: moron. an Ihi-!V'lTn.cv i;'OEIiT.;l.;i mum", r.l.l.. up (10 Than: Oolnptny united "Donn Pthu Idiom Inland Uh Ibo DUI” Edllnh TRIBE Wlllll annual Manna. no A. Dunn . -Iraaeb ulfleu at Sunmarnm. Ilolujuo and Amanda. Autlv land an Second Gnu Ill) by the Pilot Ollloo Doparclv-" OMIVI. - my (inner cnallulwwwn summer-not usao pa: annum '-flu:-hen lll PEJ. Bull other Provinces and U1 Illut Du noun

"The strongest memory in wanker than the weakest lab."

rriaay.E.TIy 22. 1

Fiscal Problems Worsening

a

of our own present payments fall far

. provincial needs. In this connection the Globe and Mail

I ...mt.s out that while Canada's rate of cap-

ital expansion and Gross National Product are rising this year faster than expected,

expenditures of eight Provinces are rising, and in seven Provinces revenues are fall- ing. The fic.urcs substantiating these state- benefits of expansion go to the Dominion

mcnts indicatr that the first

economic

Hf paramount importance to every Pro- .x',.x'Il'lCfi are the tax.rentai agreements with tittawa which it is hoped will be placed on

a more equitable basis after the Dominion- Provincial conference this fall. It is hoped. and expected. that a thorough presentation fiscal requirements will be made. for it is generally agreed that the short of our

'mo. in addition. heard 27 oral presenta- itions concerning the proposal.

Generally speaking, the strongest sup- port for the plan came from the Farmers Union. It felt that a marketing board would help to maintain a fair price struc- ture for the different grades and classes of livestock and would eliminate the day-to- Lday fluctuations in prices for the same grades or classes. The strongest ppposi-

tion to the plan came from commercial stockmen and their organizations. The ob- ljectors claimed that the people favoring the lboard had failed to explain how it would op- erate: that the proposed scheme would be less efficient and more costly than present methods of marketing: and that the plan was undemocratic because it would restrict and interfere with the rights of individual .cattle raisers to sell when and where they wished. Other organizations - including the Saskatchewan wheat pool, whose livestock division handles a considerable percentage of fivestock marketed in the province-afaw ored the principle of a marketing board. The Pool, however. doubted that it could be made to work in one province only. Its lbrief argued that it would be inadvisable to set up a marketing board in Saskatch- ewan until there was assurance that Man- itoba and Alberta would do likewise. The three Prairie Provinces could then co- ordinate their livestock marketing activi- ties.

Treasury. in the form of both direct and in-

direct tax

the lesser Governments.

The argument advanced by some Domin- ion authorities that tax rental payments to and nothing mm?- the Provinces equal the revenues raised by than nothing. Even if wholly true, there still is

the latter in taxation. means less

a situation in which expansion adds imme-

capital costs for power development and distribution, highways a nd connecting

roads. sewage and water facilities. and fire

and police protection. in addition to the so- cial and educational costs mentioned above.

Whatever they may have been worth in the first place. argues our Toronto contem- porary. the bases of the tax rental agree- ments are now obsolete. The issue of re- allocating revenue sources and functions between the three levels of Government now has reached a most acute stage. The original excuse for tax rentals was that in

an emergency the Dominion needed the money. Since the war. there have been a

revcnlles. while the burden of providing additional Provincial and muni- rioal services. including health. welfare and crlucation. falls with greater weight upon

diatc tax revenues to Ottawa, while forcing the Provinces and municipalities into new

The New Neutrality

By all accounts. neutrality is not what it used to be. icold war began, that is-a neutral state. especially a militarily weak one. was that Its government kept strictly silent on controversial issues which kept the "anti-neutralists” at variance one with another. It was unthinkable for the head of a neutral state to presume to tell the quarreling nations what to do or not do. That would have been very bad form. indeed, and a little dangerous. Now, how- ever. the neutralists seem to talk more loudly than the active participants in the cold war struggle. The three outstanding ones. Mr. Nehru of India. Mr. Nu of Burma. and Marshal Tito of Yugoslavia. are giving out advice daily to all and sundry; the fact that in many instances their counsel is un- solicited bothers them not at all. They cal". this sort of thing ”active neutrality" as ldistinct from the passive variety; but the name in no wise changes the character of what is a plain form of intervention. This is not to suggest that it cannot contribute something of real value to the world's

variety of additional excuses. But the fia- i need. but Only that it if C9i'l3i"l.V Viol "Put

faoe mounting coats and on Canada grows.

cal result is merely this: Ottawa hogs theilrality in the traditional sense. revenue. leaving the lesser Governments to - failing revenues

To confuse the situation still more. what is neutrality in the mind of Mr. Nehru is something quite different in the mind of

A Dominion Bureau of itatistics report - Marshal Tito. The Indian leader is against

shows that

all Provinces except Nova all blocs and military treaties of any sort

Scotia. Quebec and British Columbia fore- , whatsoever. He is also opposed to India's

see lower revenues. while all but Manitoba and Quebec forecast: higher expenditures. - they are only ;mutual assistance pacts with Greece and higher. the iTurkey and is not above accepting military Higher costs I and economic assistanceethe include 39 million for health. 34 million for better - from either the Soviet Union or social welfare and 541 million for educa- fthe West, or even from both. tion. a total of .154 million. These are ser- i vices toward the support of which Domin- ion aid is minuscule in relation to expand-2 ing need. They also are areas in which the

Where revenues are lower. slightly so: where costs are jumps are most. substantial.

cost burden of economic expansion falls most heavily on municipal governments- so heavily that greater grants. These are gravely dangerous distortions in the Dominion'.I fiscal arrangements. Without the tax rentals. they indicate a failure of provisions made for public fin- ancing al the time of Confederation. With the tax rentals. they become a fixed dis- tortion of progressively greater extent un- less the Dominion agrees to initiate neces- sary constitutional reforms in order to keen all levels of Government solvent.

reliance on larger Provincial

Against Compulsory Plan

It is interesting to note that the Sask- atchewan Marketlng Board has recom- mended to the Douglas Government against proceeding with A compulsory livestock marketing plan for the Province. The Board is a government appointed body which studies requests for the establish- ment of producer-controlled boards under the provincial Natural Products Marketing Act. and makes recommendations to the Government.

A proposal for a livestock marketing schemc was drawn up last fall at the in- stigation of the Saskatchewan Farmers Union and was presented to the Marketing a ' Board for its consideration. The proposal i ii -under which producers would be compel- . g Q led to dispose of their livestock through a

I ,producer-controlled board-outlined the ' iframework of the scheme but did not say ' n detail how the plan would operate. The - Marketing Board decided that sufficient in- ” . te t had been shown to warrant holding hearings. Ten of these were held

they are forced into over

i accepting any military aid from either pow- or bloc. Tito. on the other hand, has

more the

EDITORIAL NOTES

Rt. Hon. Mackenzie King died this date. I 1950

l l i

l What is the oldest living creature in the world? Well. a South Pacific turtle should the nominated for the distinction, though not necessarily elected. It. was given by ithe explorer Capt. James Cook to the' king lof the Tonga group of islands in 1777. O

The Charlottetown Centennial booklet v issued by the Centennial Committee, is now

available and makes a valuable souvenir

for our citizens and visitors alike. Well printed and illustrated, it contains numer- ious articles on Charlottetown past and ;present, and makes an ideal gift to send to lfriends abroad. Its value. of course, will be enhanced as the years go by.

O O I

l In.whai promises to be the largf-if oceanographic survey ever undertaken. the .United States. Canada. and Japan are lmaking a joint examination of the North Pacific ocean, beginning next month. Light on fishing problems, knowledge of the iocean's bottom. insight into weather pecul- 'iarltles. better understanding of marine

life, are some of the aims of the expedition. I O 0

Sound waves we cannot. hear, known as ultrasonic waves, may provide an improv- ed method of treating diseases such as bursitis, arthritis, skin infections and ulcers. The device which generates the sound waves is applied directly to the skin. in contrast to the standard ultrasonic ma- chine: for therapy which beam the rays through the air just as an ordinary radio transmitter does. The waves generated by the new machine penetrate so deeply they even go into the bones. Although the ultra- sonic energy raises the temperature of the tluuu within the body. the patient does not feel the heat. His skin is covered witt

In the old dayse-before the.

...-.m ,. -. eP;9.gx5'aft'1V)IIFr-am

l -

iby nausea

ll Mr. Gardiner In Britain

l l The Edinburgh Scotsman

l i Triluiles to Britain as a stock-i Of his visit in (lcnioch.'iy Mr. gnrodut-ing country. to the high 'Jartliner recalled that 20 years .level of mechanisatiun on the age there was imported into Can-i; 'farm and to the improvement mlada a Shorthorn bull. Millhull Ran- the people's living conditions, viereisom, which topped the Perth showl paid by Rt. lion. .1. G. Gardiner.'1n lSl3.'i, and last year 48 per centl Canadian Minister of Agriculturc.lof the bulls sold at the Toronto before he left Presiwick for Mom- Spring Bull Sale could trace their real after a 10-day visit. lpedigree to that sire. which had Mr. Gardiner has made 10 trips had a very marked effect on Cana- to Britain since he became Min-idian stock. ister of Agriculture 20 years ago Mr. Gardiner said one thing' and he has noted the gradual in-,-which had surprised him was thef crease in farm production. which extent of farm mcchanisatiun. has rrached the stage when ou'- Farms in this country were nsl put increased more than 50 per- highly mechanised as any in North cent above the pre-war level. lAmerica and certainly as bighlyl He was interested in the diver- as any to he found in Canada. Hisl sified output of British iarmingilzeneral impression was of the and said there was good reason marked change in methods. rc- why all those who participated inisulting in mechanisation. Produc- lagriculture in the United Kingdom tion was of a very high ordcru should take great pride in its re-iboth in volume and quality. l cent development. ' Many Canadian farmers or their, In addition to visiting the Royal ancestors had emigrated fro in; English Show Mr. Gardiner -n.,scolIand and had brouizht withi specled a number of well-equip- them their training. Canada had: ped farms in England and Scot-ldepended largely on Scotland inl land. He said the farms in Eng-,particular. and Britain as a wholc.l land were at least equal in equip- ifor its breeding stock, Canada was meat and management to any mifollowing along in much the same; Canada and showed produt-tion;lines and it was very helpful tn' per acre greater than any he wasicome here and look at the farm familiar with. ling activity on this side of the In Scotland the Minister visited Atlantic. he said. Haymounl, K5-Isa lMe. J. and The general appearance of the W. Arnottl. specializing in produc- British people would suggest that. ing pedigree Aberdeen-Angus.they had very successfully reliabi- stock; Glenlocbay. Killin (Messrs. 'Iitated themselves since the wanl Ben Challum. Ltd.. of which Mr. So far as he could see. visitingt D. M. Stewart is a partner), com- the rural areas, and mixing withl prising about 15.000 acres rough people in the cities, the countryl grazing. carrying 4.000 blackface seemed to have been very success-, ewes and 150 Highland-Shorthorn ful in putting itself back on to a cross cows which are put to a sound economic basis. 4 Shorlhnrn hull; and Greendykesl Of Scotland. Mr. Gardiner said. MacMerry (Mr. J. E. Renniev, a,lhat looking at people in the typical East Lothian arable farmistreets. as they dressed and ap- run on intensive lines. Mr. Gard-lpeared to be maintaining them- iner spoke highly of what he had selves. he had the feeling that they seen at these places and remark-twere to be congratulated on the led that he was particularly inter--great advances in living condi- esled -in the pig house at Green- tions which they had made in th dykes. which was one of the best K) years in which he had been he had seen anywhere. coming here. y

OTTAWA REPORT

Ottawa River Pollution By Patrick Nicholson

in this land lush with the boun- for braving the lamprey: which ty presented by Nature. our most lCOIlEd around her limbs during her 'widespread and valuable resource lgreat swim: they omitted to blame, lia taken for granted and wasteduher adviser: for exposing her to llluman nature being what it is. -the risk of an -hour downing in we tend to value cheaply anything raw sewage. , 'which costs us nothing. it is thus i John Diefenbaker tells me that with our water supply. which has 'when he goes back to Prince again suddenly become headline Albert. after I sojourn in Ottawa. news in our national capital he can always notice the pungentl

"The Ottawa River." warns Dr. ;and unpleasant taste in the water llfennedy. the City's Medical 01- ,there. This is caused by an Ed-l ficer of Health. ”is now unsafe g monton chemicals plant being pen, for swimming from the heart of mitted to dump its noxious effluent Ottawa to its junction with the St. into the North Saskatchewan Riv-l Lawrence River, because of the er. This situation has repeatedly. high degree of contamination from been discussed upon the floor of sewage." the House of Commons here. ,

Seven per cent of the whole area John Diefenbaker in realist 0-, of Canada consists of fresh water nnugh tn deplore the ”Businessl in lakes and rivers. This great First" attitude which is afraid toi natural wealth covers an area of take action against an offensivei over one quarter of a million lproflt-earner. He would not bel square miles. ”Waterland", if put allowed to empty his sewage raw all together. would be our fourth Into the streets of Prince Albert: largest province. Waterland pro- but city governments are nllowedi videa our abundant cheap hydro to empty their sewage raw lnto' electric power. which alone makes iour magnificent rivers and laken:- our high wage scale possible. Wa-jand big business in allowed terlnnd provides an lmportantlempty its waste into our flnel means of transportation. Water- waterland. i

ll d ' I t H Id d. qunenchrersgt.l1:5thiii:f of mugh of! dlur l G0vE3”MENT5 SHOULD ACT

'.'J'.II'.'.'.'....."'.'i .::".:::'...:::t.'?'l::: ;--- --.---e,;;g "3"" terland attracts millions of Ameri-. e W " ML "0 y ” can dollars in the pockets of holl- yf: m';m'dthm" mulfd twin? 5"”; day-makers from the States. Wa- w'l',dc':”::n.u:h::n;&g

fzvrllannd is where our chlldrenguuy C." ..TweMy Fol", "om.

Yet. says Ottawa's Senior Health in

ge"c:.'I:'”7'r:'v':: "::g:f':d”""'m:':lndgels which automatically wash playground and unhealthy for our Tgxddgglnfl welzmfrlwk '3"; children and unfit to irrigate our- ' 0 "n on W '3 selves and our food supply.

It is an if the population of our national capital were to permit their children to feed and play and wash in the toilet bowl.

UTIIERS A! BAD

some friends of mine have jun! returned from a cruise along the Illdeau River. into Lake Ontario, and up to slmcoe. They. report that almost every harbour lloy aural carried warllnll lulu: owing to aewln cor lat

tammatlon, while oven in tIo,dhu'

mlddla of the bit late I lean: all wlll savage floated. The newspaper:

ardice and civic meanness. the most elementary sewage treat- ment farms. I say advlsedly that government cowardice is partly to Home: neither

nary to purify their effluent. Os- trich-lilte. the laden)

lralnanl oil for protection.

podallurltnlallanabuo

the reports of his death are great- ly exaggerated. For In an author.

Iaclu, through government cow- he Though he has been dead these

author. that last year Mark Twain's estate

I than all our Maritime . vheas added

Marilyn Bell's Career

Orillia Packet and Times

As timc goes on it becomes crcasiiigly clear Bellls future is going to be too greatly influenced by the efforts of Toronto newspapers to cash in on her current popularity. Her sterling victory over Lnke On- tario's nalcrs last summer was spoiled to a considerable extent by the childish and selfish manner in winch the city press tried to corner her for their exclusive pub- licity and promotion purposes. And recent reports from England seem to indicate that the newspaper war. particularly among the two evening papers. is continuing over- seas.

The Telegram scored something of a boat on the Star when they persuaded her handlers to try the channel swim this summer un- der their auspices. They no doubt hoped that by so doing they would get exclusive control of the young lady. particularly as to her public

Ills

utterances and her posing for pictures. it has not turned out that way. of course. and rival

papers and news services have been able to carry as much copy on the young miss as does the Telegram. without having to foot the bills. There has already been far too much hullabaloo about Marilyn Bell and her every move

and action. The Toronto papers. by-

thcir incessant attempts to scoop each other regarding her. run the danger of making a lot of people tired and disinterested in the whole afalr.

I

Marilyn is a sweet. young Can-. adian girl and she was fuurageousl

Ontario-a remarkable

in swimming Lake most notable and athletic achievement. But the feat should be kept in its proper perspective. It did not. after all. contribute anything to anyone's betterment or welfare-except her own and those closely associated with her. Unlike efforts of other people in less publicized walks of life. her achievement isn't likely to save lives or ease pain or suf- fering or contribute anything to man's general welfare or know- ledge.

Having once done something that no other person achieved she was placed in the uncomforta le posi- tion of having to go on from the impossibl to still greater im- possibilities. and on this score we question the wisdom of her handlers in deciding to swim the English channel. Too many people. men and women. have swum the channel for it to be much of a novelty any 'more. And while Marilyn is training for her at- tempt. her chief woman rival. Florence Chadwick. was all ready to try to swim the channel both

ways. non-stopea feat which would have far overshadowed Marilyn's successful assault on

the channel. even if she had been able to set a .ncw record time. 0 0

And meanwhile, the water left for an assault by swim-

mers are decreasing-the Strait of Juan de Fuca falling to an American swimmer only last week.

Marilyn's future would seem to be comfortably assured as far as income is concerned. She has made a lot more money than many people make for years of faithful. steady work. We hope she can use her ability to make more money in the future. But we hope that the desire of some agencies to trade on her current popularity does not lead to any later regrets or disappointments and. above all that it doesn't give Marilyh or her admirers a false sense of value!-

Slill Exaggerated (Montreal Gagettei

Mark Twain might still say that

still very m u ch alive.

many years, he is doing much better than many another living

The Associated Press reportl

llciana will have permitted Can-

tbat Marilynl

bodies of-

Medically Speaking

ly Ilennu N. Iunloua. H. D.

DON”! TAKE CHANCES WITII APPENDICITISI

Your life may depend upon what you do in the early stages of II attack of appendicitis.

If operated upon early. it's a simple procedure to remove your appendix. But if you wait and the appendix ruptures. it's another matter.

RECOGNIZE SYMPTOMS

ltla important that you recog- nize the symptom: of appendici- tis so you will know what to do and what not to do.

The appendix la a small tube- llke structure about three to five inches long attached to the be- ginning of the large intestine. As far as we know. the appendix is useless. When the opening into the appendix becomes blocked by foreign matter from the intestine it becomes inflamed.