PAGE uufi V

m: glliniomarnwn GUARDIAN “m 5'1)" '““

5pm,); bunks are lending 30,000,- ooopoundstothe French Treasury, i though the vaults of the Bank of ‘ France bulge witll gold. This ls the sort of thing that makes the cur-l

“m. . Ch u s. Finn-o ill-P. Vice- miianne-J. is Burnett ‘I n-w8eu:t-u;-Lieuif-Col.' li- A. Ineliinne; Ir d. 0. ‘ Editor and llnnugin‘ Dlreaior—)- n Burnett Associate EiIitur-i- Frank Wniker and D. Ii. Carrie I d d 1887) $5.00 er you (in ndvnnee) delivered Ig:::‘pele)uy.‘e,nr( (Tl-in nadvnnce) rnniledpln Cnnzvln and United Bhiel ADVERTISING IIEPBEEENTATIVEB nrurnn swarms-rm nook-ma Special Annwv 1w. N“ "I'll 0w-

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tfi..§l.‘.'¥,‘“i.‘.'.i‘.°.' {if}. °.'.'~i.i..‘.‘.2‘.‘.§.'," $3.931‘ nfiiiiifil," $22211.‘ ifffiititi‘ some of the pieces rnlslaid. ,_ “Mghgeggdsm "m h“ ‘°“°“"‘

True Building, Bi. Lfluilt _ uionn Building, Aliens; alanudaoek Balla- . MD I

In‘, can Francisco; iiss he. omi- Street, llillmhlo l- . _ B; Ium W.Baion. . Horses and cart are waiting pat-

M , Maxim Ulllwaltion members wok advan- | luzAnoN LAST? lenuy ormnfl tsge of the opportunity to plead for i WILL TIIIS CIV ( N" N" l’ lmfmk" l“ ‘M ma‘ " 1"’ hm" ' m‘ controlled nitration and a. oential ' Inmkwtgzayud’ ‘mm the“ My“ ' '_' b ilk and to attack high interest A nurse was complaining recently v TUESDAY’ MAY 9’ ‘"3’ mites. Premier R. B. Bennett rc- that the nursins 01019851011 W" 11°‘ To swygggwm‘ mm hand the heavy 0 I ,0 _ 8315mm h“ bell“ 1“ 9' "smmd "emy “s gwd’ “om m” ‘mndpomz As if it were the nlgnt he pushes L )2 o e e I EDUCATIONAL SURVEY the 11mm“ Wzzleim“ “Mfg money" policy. and said it WOll1d,(l[1I'iC0m¢, as ll wss- '§§m‘;°°‘§§§ back: ' the 1'" cenm" e" “e a o e be “Hwlw l° “Vise ‘he “"5"? 5 were we" 1°° “mny ’ Only to show where slow the day- Df- 3m" F- 5M1’ ‘Ne’ °I the‘ interest charges upon the increase system on thc eve of a World gflih- l. bwflll-‘f’ ll is m’ 1mg” "Iuhmm 11gb}, comes this Bank ~ ‘ - ‘ i- k" the younger gener- _ i Mew “mo, system division of m autumn debt due to the fact erlng which would consider the able to be sic . with silent ‘ootsteps over sum‘; , , - : ' l k in fit. ins Federal office of Education at ma, m, Government, u riot able veal qvegtzorlgacfagankizs. Zggzrnectlvtaliizlrirglgvslililfis n "P K ‘soak’ | hOIdS £0118)’ 111 I116 financial struc- - . n a. e ._ ' - .. -

washgmctx; irsdbeegsslirggefitilittils w pay ‘m’ °f cugim; “Scout for with 331010.000 people. could not set "Nations illlVll passed away and left T“ ggtjnsvssgslbvtzlséhme m°v° ture Qf Canada 15 nQt a rgsult of

"h" e e 9p “mmphymmt 7° e B“ m way up B- System 0! "5 0W" m1!"- °T 110° ' “° wees’ The cart, the horses and the man - '

educational “systems in some may dam... Wm, m, m, ,,, m. W... “Jana not... elves the naked new “on, mere chance. It has been acquired

| of it- ' - .

countries. His study embraces Can- “During the put’ three years:- whole tgrlentld of prelsgnt duo)’ .Dne 5mg“, simple reason m L“ Absorbed in ttllgfldly ahead, which meeting the needs of Its cus_

iida. Mexico, all of South America. continued Mr. Rhodes, “this Gov. was war s wor co- p0; _ muck means o 1:1 .

none. Brsland. Italy. Central i emment has reduced controllable a‘: 011;?‘ '“°““‘ “°‘ “m” °“ "they en bee-is- tiieir people were “m” ma?!’ l” We“ '=°"°°“‘°“ tomers down through the years- European and the Balkan Statefi- He expenditures, if in that sum is in- not fit." I wawh. the image of these quiet - l l

-» a four - since 18 -.—-awa saon t e

llndl that uie oiils made in Edam-p eluded the t14.ooo,ooo by which we flgafllines refer to an "aged whltrjszgttcmazzgzfonz“ ° things V CM" _ g _

“m1 budws and “Wm m‘ m. expect w "all" **Pe"d"“"* "is Storekeeper" ahism“, a "‘.’““‘;."'ii i think n can be safely Bald that “ “fatal?” "w heart, n. wiii no“ ‘° l lines of sound banking Practum

more severe in the United States‘ year. by no less a sum than 35h bandit. and the deta-i s rela e t a never was a time when me ill‘ . Con“

_ a . he is 60 years old. But who nowa- “me 1 as we], The horses will not turn, but go _ Q than ll'l any other nation studied-l 000,000. Furthermore we have been days is soaged’, at me threescom people of all nathons vgernclm and their way "I, In "WWW °Y “m” ‘“"°“°“‘“¢-. at 8"!” PBW’ 5° m‘ “S l" °“’“ mark These headin s constitute ‘“’°"‘“°d “W” t H e _ Soberly, steadily. up and over the na a World-wide actlmes m ever ‘P g how to keep fit as at present. A con a |

teaching staffs, size of classes, at- service is concerned, without plac- an affront to a host of spry fellows.‘ 1d b] rcenmge or the taxes is hill . de ‘fitment of banki"

tenfllwe °“ an “was °f mstm” m5 ‘my undue strum “pm ' u‘ w fiowrzpciifim health education and Unm rlfillb nothing Mt to see vuzwrourvntarip P g

tion, erection of new buildings and save every passible 06ml’ We wulq- Former mm!" Hermit “pp”? methods of sanitation so that eX- __ , ’ l

to have gone as far as he could in _ F, Idem“, m 191849 And nothing left to hear but silent- IAMAICA. I reconditioning of old plants. the As a result of an order in council his conversation “m! Resident cept for that blgeipwy epidemics o‘ m“ CUM‘ / United States stands, by the record passed two years ago we provided Roosevelt. and Emma-r Macmnayd was lgzintzns “Search physicians New that the horse, the cart, the FUERIO nloo. ‘n1 B f l“ BC C’ - . - it the very bottom of the list. that there should be no increases. at Washington. but the hopeful tone u have been able to control yellow kn mgmhargeggoige} ‘ l‘ d i rrggiglllvlallcllclv e o (an-ado, Dr. Abel finds, has that statutory salary increases of the announcement made at thei revel.‘ me plague, malaria, small. I Oizprynge w a armes o n . v f , a

maintained school expansion, though should be abolished, that all posl- ztclxfiggeg’hrhsucgztfxifisgis 8:: pox, diphtheria, scarletiffver, tgirbg- I know by he!“ the things I ought NEW Yo“.

it a slower pace than before the tions then vacant should be abol- have come from France. M Harriet 11110513‘ 3111:8305- Wgirlgtc £35m: “d to do; CHICAGO. _

depression. Mexico has wisely de- lshed, that no poet would be filled has always been in favor o; me pa? m a’ ' in its early smges_ Arid yet, forgetting all, I stand and FQSTOlI- _ '

. . . _ “m” . dream. wlllmll-“ELAN” ovnn a CENTURY or‘ BANKING SERVICE cidied that economizirig on brains unlefi 131N186 We"! 500W“ in the in merit of the French debt to the‘ “To prevent 4156359 requires ef- I . - _ divldual case, and that as the at- United States, pending any Tel/is‘ for; 0n the part of the individual. '

of the oncoming generation is dangerous policy and must be held to a minimum. The distraught state of south America has s-lovied up. but has not by any means crippled educational programmes. In Italy education exipansion is being push- ed. In the Irish Free State the schools have been untouched and a beh-year-old plah for educational reform is nearing completion. Bal- tic Stafes are putting up a stren- uous fight to maintain educational progress as hear the pro-depression level as possible. Education in Eng- land has been maintained well in comparison with other social ser- vices. France is actually holding school appropriations at the level

tritiori took place, which is natural

ancies arising through natural causes should not be filled, with the net result that we have re-

two years by upwards of 4,000 em- ployees, with a consequent saving to the public treasury of some mil- lions of dollars. It may be urged that by more drastic economy we might be able to effect further savings. so far as so-called eon- trollsble expenditures are concern- ed. Let me point out, however, that if we reduced every cent of coh- tioliable expenditure, closed up our

of the past five years.

A FRANK ANSWER

criticising the Government's tax. ition measures in Parliament last week, Mr. A. E. MacLcan. M. P. for Prince, said that personally he "would not have so much objection to these taxes if hon. gentlemen rpposlte were making what could be reasonably considered a. good use of the revenue they collect." It was. true, he admitted, that the Government was "carrying on some relief work" but that ‘could not ac- count for the increases in expend- itures made during the past two YERYS.

Hon. Mr. Rhodes, in reply, point- eci‘ out that there is not a single country in the world in which o. Chancellor of Exchequer or Minister of Finance has been able to make with any degree of accur- ncy an estimate of the probable yicld of a certain sci: of taxes over a period of twelve months, because of conditions which everybody real- izcs arc abnormal. The estimates of taxation last year were based up- the best information V ob- tainable at the moment. No one could forsee the tremendous shrink- age that took place in business not only in this country but through- out the world, a shrinking not so much 1n the volume of business as in the value of commodities.

Moreover, the Finance Minister pointed out, m. MacLean had.

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D11

civil service, dismissed 56,000 eni- ployees, paid no members of par- liament, Judges, or lighthouse keep- ers, dismissed the mounted police, dismissed the penitentiary staffs— in other words, if‘ we closed up the business of the country, with the commitments which we have un- dertaken we would still have a defl- cit this year of $26,000,000. The‘. is to soy, if our revenues were equal to those which would be received upon the basis of the taxation im- posed by the budget prior to this one, the deficit would be as I have mentioned."

Mr. MacLcan, being a reasonable man, must now be convinced in his own mind that his objections to the Government's taxation meas- ures were unfounded. Whether or not he will have the courage to "testify to the light" is another matter!

EDITORIAL NOTESH“

Plans for next year's celebration of the hundredth anniversary of ‘Toronto's incorporation as a city are well under way. Several com- mittees are hard at work on the various aspects of the memorial celebration.

According in Mieclean Building Reports construction activity in Canada for April was almost equal to the combined totals for January, Febrilary and March and marks the commencement of the

in a civil service numbering at that , time about 80,000 people, the vac-'

duced the civil service in the past“

50114108 arouse unusual interest this year, in

ion that may take place. He went

out of oflice on that issue. It was‘ for this reason, perhaps, that the= French government selected him as

its delegate to Washington, the sel-l ectlon, in the circumstances, was one

which could be regarded in advance

as acceptable to the United States

Government.

Alike at the beginning of his visit to the United States and at the Pilgrims’ Dinner which marked its conclusion, Premier Ramsay Mac-' Donald made pointed reference to, the disarmament problem, a, subject which, he announced, had been included in the Washington con- versations. Beyond this hint, of course, the Premier could give no information as to whether an agree- ment had been reached, or how far the deliberations had produced a common ground of understanding. He did, however, express his strong conviction that the fine phrases oft used about armed force making for security and “a war to end war" are utterly specious and delusive expressions with which men de- ceive their own minds, and that notions of this sort have been time and again falsified by experience.

Manifcsiiy Mr. Bennett has re- turned front Washington whole- heartedly ln accord with President Roosevelt's plans for improving world affairs. He has told Parlia- ment that Canada will play its part in cO-Operating with the Unit- ed States and other nations. ‘This goes much further than the joint statement on trade. The Dominion will take a place in the world con- ference committed to assist ih every way possible in ironing out the dif- ficulties, and if events show that Britain, Canada and the United States are working iii harmony, Canada's part rriay be greater than at first reallzed."-—Toronto Globe.

Japanese military authorities state that the recent cessation of activities near Kupcikow by the Great Wall of China was a. “more lull." Apparently, the Japanese iii- tend to finish their work, which is a habit with them.

Three young Russian girls, alg- iers. won an astonishing number of prizes at the Peel County Musical Festival last week. How is it that people of the older races continue to produce so many outstanding artists in the realm of music?

The passing of the Red Labor Day in Germany was certain to

the family, thc municipality and the State, and t0 achieve results all four must work M88316!‘-

Thus the State -must outline a program, and the municipality 6111'" rles out the nrvsrflm l-hmlllh "h" family doctor who advises the in- dividuai.

Dr. Haven Emerson. PF°W55°T °£ Public Health Administration. C01- umbia. University, expresses this‘. 8S follows: "To cause the citizen to d0 the things he can and Ousht W 4°- and then to do for him the things he cannot do, but which should be gone, i5 the duty of the State." Thus the measure of the success of anygovemrncht is only 85 BT98»! a5 the measure of the health of its people.

The reason then that we 60B be‘ lieve that this civilization of ours will last a ions Whllc l8 WW1“ everyone must contribute money t0 trio State to carry out a prone-salve health pr-ogruln-

Schools of Hvsiene and Pub“ Health laboratories are the sources and "proving grounds" of all the new health ideas which will keep gradually preventing and controll-' mg the diseases that might other- wise destroy us.

Canadafs Interest In Wheat Acreage

(Financial Post)

Canada is invited to a four- ppwor pal-icy in Geneva. to discuss concerted international action to bring about a reduction in the world's acreage devoted to wheat. The United States, Argentina and Australia are the other three par- ties t0 the discussion.

Canada has greatly increased its wheat acreage since the war. We have done this because this coun- try produces the highest quality of wheat at the lowest possible cost. In short, ho country in the world is better fitted in an economic sense to grow wheat to feed the world. We have contributed to the piling up of a huge surplus that is being carried over from year to year but our contribution has not been as important as that of large import- ing countries, which have stimu- lateci wheat production not because they can economically produce wheat but because world conditions have made it imperative for them to cut their external purchases. Were more normal financial and fiscal conditions to be restored in the world Canada's excess produc- tion would be qulckly swallowed up by the purchases of countries that would no longer feel the hec-

ovcrlooked several factors, In thalseason. The value of contracts first place the Government has to awarded thi __,' out Canada for provide for C. N. R. deficits andl the month of April amounted to capital outlays which i-iin intolsaooeaoo as compared with ‘ta,- lomethlng like seventy million dot-i 191.600 in March. an increase of

would not be necessary to impose pending increase. The total for a single cent of additional taxation’ April was $23,331,700 as compared this year. Moreover, there are cer- with $9,141,100 in slim-eh. and $25,- tsln statutory increases, for ex- ample in the case of old age pen- sions, which so long as the present legislation remains as it is must be

monthly total since February, 1082, which was the high mark for that

year lncfegses of nem-qy l mmmn neat" acuflty can be expected m hOlldlf Qlfh 0f Whllt. In the CV91’!- ing Hitler addressed a huge aud- ience on the first-year program of tile Nell four-year plan.

dollars must be provided because of the immediate future, the report increased subsidies arising out of says.

cies of the new Administration. Hereiofore Communis have been strenuous events in large German cities, especially in Berlin, where clashes with police have iara a year. If the C. N. R. were almost 200 per cent. Contemplated been serious. On May Day. i029, de- nbie to carry on by themselves it or proposed work showed a corres- ‘Wm’ rflml- 35 Pfisms we" km‘ ed and ‘i0 injured in street battles. This year, apart from the precau- tionary measures which jailed 2,000

015.100 for the first trim rnonthl chlrwe to fill-ire in the news- The o; the y“; n 1, m. imghm Neale stole their thunder by put- ting on a substitute celebration. Von Hlndenburg and Hitler side made without any reference whet- year with a total of 024338.600. It crow

uoever Q the Goveihhient. Tliisl is evident from these figures that 0W wh°°1 41111147") “"53"! l" ‘i

i f th ti-C let li- vew o e an ommun p0 esaity for maintaining such a high

degree of economic self-sufficiency. We have then more to gain from remedial measures directed at the underlying causes of the world de- pression than from joint efforts to reduce the volume of wheat being grown in the exporting countries. There can never be any permanent benefit from an artificial curtail- ment of wheat growing in the coun- tries best equipped for production of the commodity but the world can gain e. great deal of benefit from a curtailment of wheat production in ihc countries that can produce wheat only at excessive cost.

holidays

, the Communists had little

rode by side through cheering , the former addressing 100,-

For brood sows, and young breed- ing stock pasture provides not only the cilcapest but the most healthful method of feedlnl- a

‘r1 am- . ..

Springs came before like this. Last year the crows

Made all the morning echo with their songs,

Just as today. Sun must have been as bright,

Wind as caressing as this country wind. ‘

Yet never, it seems. understood

The music and the singing festival

That cries to be expressed, of early spring . . .

have I half

—Dorothy Livesay in “Sign Post."

Canadians At Washington

, (Mail and Empire)

Mr‘. Grattah O‘Leary, editor of The Ottawa Journal, has interest- ing things to say in his paper‘ of Canadian-American contacts dur- ing the recent Washington conver- sations. From their first meeting President Roosevelt and Premier Bennett got on together famously. There was no need for diplomatic restraint or carefully chosen phras- es; the two men simply sat down together in perfect ease and free- dom and talked about the hundred and one things the two countries have in common. As one high Unit- ed, States official put it, "they un- derstood one anothefa language." In the end, according to one of the President's secretaries, they had got in the point of calling each other by their first names.

0n Thursday Mr. Herridge gave a luncheon at the Canadian Lega- tion, the idea being to have the Canadian newspapernieh meet Mr. Bennett, also Professor Moley, the Columbia University man who is now the famous head of President Roosevelt's "brain trust." Mr. Ben- nett failed to tum up, Professor Morey (who had been working with the President and Premier dllflll! the morning) bringing the reason thus:

"Just as we were about to come along, the President turned to Mr. Bennett and said, ‘Bennett, where are you lunching? I wish you would stay here and have a bite with me.‘ I fancy your Prime Min- ister didn't like to refuse. so I left them there as thick as two broth- ers prcplfllll t0 ‘have a bite’ off the Pr idenils desk. Mr. Roosevelt, you know, always has his lunch brought to riini in his office." Moiey, incidentally, seems per- fectly at home in the Canadl Le. gation. The most famous, most sought-after and (to some) the most mysterious figure in Wash- lhllmi, his appearanco at the em- bassy or legetion of an ordinary Power would be "a story" for Am- erican newspapers. Yet on the morning that Mr. Bennett arrived in Washington, Moley turned up at the Canadian Legation to have breakfast with him, is on the most intimate terms with Minister 1191-. ridge. '

Incidentally. at Mr. Herridge’; luncheon on ‘Thursday we met the new United States Minister to Canada, Mr. Delano Robins. I-le is an agreeable young man with very charming manners, and will un- qllestionably Io well In Ottawa, Robbins, who is n relative of the President's, was what they cal]. a P2000001 in the state Department (a Protocol apparently, is a rsort of

official "gicd-hsndeflL and he