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P-unlishedev; week-du morning at in Prince Siregt. Charlottetown. P.I-Ll. by the Thomson Company Ltd. 14 Kill! St. Wu Tumnlo.

Muniieal Office. 223 Unlvaraily Town Bldg. 'l'uu-n Prince Eduard Illaad Lila III Ilel”

l-Jdiiur. Prank Walker General Manaier. Ian A. Burnett

Member Canadian Daily Newspaper Publisher: Assoclatin Metnbcr of the Canadian 'Preu Ill-.mL-er Audll Bureau of circulation Emiich mine: at summerside. Illuni.-u:ue an-I Allierum

Autliuiucd as Secunil Class Mail by the Post Office l)ep.irImeul. Ollnwn. sy urru-i Chzillullclunn, suuum-rsule 5l::.0ll per la- Ium. Elsrwliere in F. 1-3. 1. 39.00 .)lher Province: and U. 5. 312.00 per nnmim

"The strongest memory In weaker than the weakest Ink."

'I'II-li'RSl)AY, S1-IPT. 29, I955

End Of A Conference

Now tlial the Lfaiiutla-liiittctl States ininisierial conference on trade has ended perhaps a lH)l'(l or two of comment will not be out 0t place. To begin with. the confer- ence came at a most inoppoi-lune time. as far as the American offi- conccrned. In view of President I-Jisenlioweus sudden ill-

ness and the resulting stock market recession. it is iinderstandahlc that a they were not in a particularly good

mood for disciissing matters of trade and finance. However, accord- lng to Trade Minister Hone, the

conl'ei'ence had its bright moniciits; ”one of the best I have ever attend- ed", was the way he described it. That. of course. may mean a good deal or very little; hut it (l(lll:4 indi- cate tiiat the time devoted to the oonfercnce was not altogether wast- ed---in Mr. llowe-'s opinion, that is .Iust what good came out of it for this country is not clear. On the potato question. M-r. I-lowe had nothing to report. other than to say that the rising demand for some sort of protection against indiscrim- inate American imports was nien- tioned. The inference, in lieu of a clear-cut statement in the matter. is that nothing was done to protect Canadian prorlucm-s now or in the future ---an old story.

The official communique with respect to the l'nited States' meth- ods of disposing of surplus goods- methods which, admittedly. are pre- judicial to Canadian foreign mar- keting---conveys nothing that might be interpreted as supporting---or. even acknowledging the fairness of -the Caiiatlian point of view. It states merely that "it was agreed that in dealing with these problems there should be closer consultation in an effort to avoid interference with normal commercial market- ings". If that is the net result of the high lcycl rliscussions, one may per- haps be forgiven for failing to see any ciuisc for satisfaction, or cycn for Mr. llowc's reported jubilation.

Perhaps the technicians who. we are told. will he meeting later in the your for further ”cxploi';itory"

t:ill(s will be able to extract sonic- thing substantial from "closcr con- sultation". We say ”pcriiaps" att- viscrlly: for at present there arc no groiiiul: on which to predict llt'2l.N'lill1llil(l ccrtainty.

illiji

Early Canadian Currency

i-'rom wampuin. arrowiiciitls and

liirs to thc latc.-zl banknote issiic-. the story of our ctit'i'cncy is rolzitctl entv-cniiiiitigly in a hrot-liiirc rc- ccntiy piihlislicd by the Ptilflk ol- (";iii:itl;i. Pcriiaps it is now ncccs-

sary to cxplain that wanipuni con-

sistcrl of stnzill heads or tubes niatlc from st-nsliclls, strung or workctl up into hclts. which were lcgal tcntlcr in thc Hritisli-Amcrit-an colonitw up dll H370. and continued to ('ll'('llllllt' tiniong tlic colonists until I71)-'1 and among the Indians until ahotit 1823. Coinagc. of course, was known undcr early Frciicli rulc. but it war: a liotlizt-podge of Portugiicsc. Span- ish and Mexican money circulatincz along with French gold and silver louis, livrcs, crowns, francs, sols marquez. liards and deniers. Tins confusion gave rise to a number of expedients over the years, the mosr unusual being the famous ”playin: card money" first issued in l685 by the French colonial authorities. It was made by cutting playing cards into quarters and affixing the scat of the treasurer in wax and thc autograph of the Governor and In- tentlant. With the passage of timi- card money became an important part of the currency of French (';in- nrla and remained until the fall of lQ'lNI(tC in . The currency diffi('lllIio.s in New paralleled try those of the colonists of Nova Scotla. After the capture of Port Mmechuum npthoriues I pi gr g - In French

Acactians but they used "Boston money” in dealings with the gar- rison or in obtaining supplies from New England. Accounts with the British government were kept on a sterling basis. The exchange diffi- culties between these various units eveinually created a demand for

standardization, resulting in a dys- tem known as ”ilalifax money" which continued to exert an in-

flitence on Canadian monetary af- fairs as late as 1860.

The booklet describes, among other currency oddities, the ”holey dollar" scheme introduced by Lieut- enant Governor Smith in this Is- land, in which punched Spanish silver dollars were employed: the centres passetl as shillings and the outer runs as 91. ..A first issue of Canadian coins was introduced sim- llllancoiisly by the Bank of Mont- real. the Banque du Peuple and the Llity Bank of Quebec and consisted of half penny and one penny coins. At various times from 1823 till as late as 1871 the provinces of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Prince Ed- uard Island and British Columbia pmtluccd coinage of various sorts.

The brochure concludes with brief chapters on today's currency and on how to tell genuine bank notes from counterfeits. The best way. of course. is to compare a sus- pected note with another of the same denomination known to be genuine. Small varitions, no one of which would he noticeable by itself, will fetid to show up as a general difference in overall appearance.

A Good Idea

The lion. Eugene Cullen, Provin- cial Minister of Agriculture, is to be congratulated on meeting with live- stock breeders on a recent evening for the purpose of discussing certain subjects relating to a very import- ant branch of our Island economy. The really significant thing about the meeting is that it was only the first in a series which Mr. Cullen has in mind. It would do no harm if arrangements could be made from time to time for other producers- potato growers. for example-to sit, down with the minister and his de- puty for informal discussion of their particular problems. This is an agri- cultural community. Every busi- ness in the Province depends for its well-hcing. in greater or lesser measure, on the stability in n d strength of the main facet of our cconomy. It is, therefore, right and proper that every facility should be provided for the fullest possible co- operation among department offi- cials and producers. By coming to- gethcr now and again for consider- ation of matters of mutual concern, they can do a good deal to strengthen that co-operation.

Iylr. Cullen is quite right in say- ing that such meetings are profit- able: and he is to be highly com- mcndcd for stating his willingness to t-onsirlcr any reasonable sugges- tion that might come to him from anyone who is interested in improv- ing the Island's agricultural status. Whcthcr it he in agriculture or any- thing else. one mark of a good ad- miiiistrator is the willingness to accept good and earnest counscl lrmn those who have had practical cxpciicncc in the work for which lic iiimsclf has executive responsibil- iii".

EDITORIAL NOTES

Mr. cttfmt-ni Attlce, in hinting at llls curly rclircmcnt. stated ”tlic Party nccrls mcn brouglit up in the prcscnl age. not. as I was, in the Victorian ago!" It's a debatable point, illlll. it would be easy enough to quote facts to support the neg- ativc.

O O I

Thc fact that. this year's autumn siartcrl officially two days later than usual must not be interpreted as signifying a postponement of autumn weather. In fact, nothing could he more fallish than last week's weather. with summer still on the agenda.

1 C I

Dr. Harold Winch, (?.(I.F'.. M.P.. for Vancouver-East. should culti- vate a more civil tongue. In a recent address he stated that Conservative leader Drew is "politically and men- tally dead". This was unseemly lati- guage indeed. Whatever Mr. Drew's political fortunes may be, he cer- talnly is not mentally dead or even decrepit. The general opinion. even among his political foes. is that. mentally,-he is very much alive and I,-his lea-ionsibilities as chief . n spokesman. t -

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OTTAWA REPORT

I Railway Freight Rates

By Patrick Nicholson

OTTAWA: The latest wage de-

mands of the non-operating railway ,

employees has focussed another highlight on the tight-rope along which the (t(t.F' must walk.

That political party was formed basically to attract the support of the farmer and the urban wage- earner - a meeting of opposites indeed. The interests of these two diverse groups frequently are an- tirely dissimilar. Never are they further apart than in the matter of railroad freight rates.

The farmer wants these rates to be as low as possible, so that his produce is as cheap as possible when it reaches the domestic mar- ket or the export terminus. In fact, as the consumer will only pay a certain maximum for his produce, the farmer is in direct competition with the railroad in sharing the consumer's dollar.

Railroad workers on the other hand want freight rates to be as high as possbilc. These rates supply more than three quarters of the railroads' earnings: so the ability of the railroads to increase the Wakes they pay mitst depend upon I high level of freight earnings.

N0 DIVIDENTS FOR YOU

Frank Hall. the turbulent spokes- man for the 145,000 non-operating railroad employees. is now demand- iniz a wage boost of ill per cent, also full health benefits paid by the companies. thrcc more holi- days with pay, and minor fringe benefits.

In the past four years. other de- mands by tiic-se same workers - who do not actually operate the trains -- have led to one disastrous nation-wide strike and to one near- miss of a strike averted only by last minute Cabinet intervention.

The unions and the employers have each calculated what these demands would cost. The two fig- ures are far .'1i':.'irt. with the unions trying to minimise the cost. and the railroad cnmpniiics not attempt- ing any siu-h thing.

A rcasonalilc cstiinatc is that the demands would cost the two big railroads a total of nearly 3100.- 000,000 a year in extra wages, it would be quite impossible for them to foot this bill without raising their charges for freight and passenger traffic. Last year. one company showed a small profit and the other fl smaller loss, hcforc I repeat: bcfore -- paymcnl nl dividends on capital.

Offsctting one's loss nilainst the olher's profit. the balance of pro- fit was about S28.000.000.

This is clearly inadequate to cover Hallls demand for Slf)(),t)0(i,000 in additional wages. And remem- ber. the people who have invested their capital in the railroads -- anrl that includes its all as taxpay- ers owning a share of the Canadian

Books Reviewed

"Royal Cliiltlren Today" is the tille of a charming volume pub- lished by Prentice-Hall lnc., Ingle- wood Cliffs. New Jersey. Intimate details are given of the lives of royal chilrlrcn---of Prince Charles and Princess Anne in England: the princesses of Holland: the clilldren of the ruling families of Denmark. Norway and Sweden; the royal youngsters of Greece; the Crown Prince of Japan: King Hussein of Jordan: and even the large but little-publicized family of the Comte de Paris, Pretender lo the French throne. The book is well illustraltd and skillfully written. The author. Crystal Herbert. is a daiigliler of the famous English humorist, A.P. Herbert.

......- ,,., gt,

- BIG MARKET Venezuelan imports from the United states reached a recon! f6so.ooo.ooo in 1954.

BIG CIIINATOWN San I-tranaisr.-4's C?-i-v wwn of about l!Il,0ll.I people in at lent a century old.

l

National Railway - have not yet received a red cent as dividends.

THE FARMER PAYS

I donll say that these workers are not paid less than other com- parable Canadian "workers -- I merely point out that the money in not there to be divided; and Hall in his demands has put for- ward no formula for Increasing the workers' output and hence for rais- ing the earnings.

He says publicly: "It is unfair that our workers should take a beating in pay owing to the statu- lory limit on railway roles."

In other words, he wants freight and passenger rates raised. Who will pay? Every traveller and ship- per. especially the farmers. And that means every consum ,.

Higher freight rates on farm pro- duce will accelerate the consumerir trend to buy elsewhere or to eat substitutes. Thus increased freight rates would yield decreased earn- ings. Or, to maintain sales, the farmer would have to reduce his

price. In either ease, the farmer would Ply-

The Woe??? We-Ire:

A PORTRAIT

I am a kind of fartliiiig dip. Unfriendly to the nose and eyes: A blue-ht-liinded ape. l skin Upon the trees of Paradise

At mankindls feast, I take my place In solemn. sancti s state.

And have the air of saying grace While I defile the dinner plate.

I am "the smilcr with the knife,”

The battener upon garbage. I ---

Dear Heaven, with such a rancid life,

Were it not better for lo die?

Yet still. about the human pale, I love to scamper. love to race. To swing by my irreverent. tall All over the most holy place;

And when at length, some golden . day. The unfailing sportsman, aiming

at.

Shall hag, me -- all the world will say:

"Thank God, and there's an end of that!"

-R. L. Stevenson.

Gals With Wrong Names

Ottawa

Arthur Krock, a serious political writer for the New York Times. is outraged by the names which the U. S. Weather Bureau gives those bouncy wicked girls. the Hurri- canes. Not latlsfied, he complains, with "Carol" and "Hazel" in 1954, the Bureau" came up with "Connie and "Diane" in 1955, named the next "infernal twins" "I-lllda" and "lone", and are planning now for the future with "Janet" and "Lin- do". What. names are these, asks Krock. for witches who come with "flood. lire. death, wounds and homelessness"?

On the theory, no doubt, that the female of the species is more deadly than the male anyway, Krock thinks that the Weather Bureau Phople should stop reading nursery rhymes with "their sweet girlish nomen- clature" and take up mythology.

0!!

There they would find Deina. En- yo and Hephredo. sentlnels for the Gorgons. "with one movable eye and one tooth among lhem";and "with huge teeth brazen claws and snakes for hair", the sight of whom turned beholder; Into alone. And what about the Furies, unpleasant

laases who were called nvcnging

Journal

spirits. responding to the names of Aleclo. Megaera and Tsiphone?

Warming to his subject. waving his book of mythology madly, Krock mentions Charybdls, a sea monster who was "a maiden above but end- ed in a fish begirt with dogs" and three times a day sucked -in the sea and then discharged it in a furious whirlpool to bring ship- wrecks and drownings.

OIOO

Krock st-ems In have something there: a real name for a hurricane- However. he goes on to tell of Circe. the gal who would have turned Ulysses into a swine with the rest of his cxpedilonary force if hd hadn't out-tricked her. Also of the fifty Danaides, daughters of the King of Argus. 49 of whom had police records; and of 0din's two wolves who certainly were no ani- mals to pet. '

A lot of people will say that Mr. Krock has a case. For those hurri- cane Kali; are hardly sweet. or admirable numbers, and are out of harmony with names like "Con- nie". "Diane" and "lone". And think of what may happen when they get way down in the alphabet. to the "P's" and "V's" and come up with "Pansy" and "Violet"!

one year of age.

Sprllj Ifllteldbf this Fall. DH

This Is llational Immunization Week TO THE PARENTS OF YOUNG CHILDREN: Have you had your young children protected against: DIPHTIIERIA, WIIOOPING COUCH, TETANUS and 8MALLPOX?'

IF NOT-D0 START PROTECTION THIS WEEK. SEE YOUR FAMILY DOCTOR ABOUT INOCULATIONS and VACCINATION.

Protection against diphtheria, whooping cough and tetanus should commence at 3 month! of age. Vaccination against smallpox should be done before

Department of Health Clinic: are held: Once a week in Charlottetown-- 188 Prince at. Every Frltlay-3-4 Lil. Once at month in summerside- Iloaltli Centre (h old lioaplbl). Laal hit) in month-I - 4:80

Ndrlol Ill no P0110 INOOULATION -- The 3rd Inoculation against pollo for the school children who received lnoouhtlona this spring,

Medically ' Speaking

By I-Ierman N. Bnndeaen. M. D.

DEEP CHILD HAPPY WHILE CONVALESCING

Caring for a sick child means youtve got to be more than a patient nurse and ii very? busy homemaker.

Frequently, you've got to be a mechanic and inventor, too. Let me give you a few UPS 0!! h0W 10 make an ill child more comfort- able during a siege of sickness or convalescence. ,

He should. to course. have the best bed and mattress in the house. The mattress should be smooth and pliable, but not too soft. .

Mirror A. - angement

If your child must remain flat on his back. you might help him pass the time by developing a mir-

mit him to view the goings on in his room and other sections of the house, He'll probably be in- trigued by this setup which, gen- erally, can be accomplished by rigging up one mirror or some- times two.

Even before he is able to sit up by himself. you can prop the mat- tress up in a comfortable position by placing a wooden kitchen chair upside down on the bedsprings. Tilt the chair so that the front legs touch the headboard and the rear legs and chair back form a continuous slanting support for the mattress.

When your child can sit up. you can make him more comfortable by placing a pillow or two beneath his knees.

He'll need a table for his meals and for some pastimes such as coloring or other games.

The easiest way to make such a table is to place a kitchen chair with a back flat at the top on either side of the bed. Then place a dining room table leaf across the bed. letting it rest on the backs of the chairs.

It's probably a good idea to place the finished side of the leaf face down. Newspaper may be placed between -the leaf and the chair backs to prevent scratching from occurring.

If your child complains that the bedclolhing is too heavy. you can fashion a simple cradle from a couple of boards nailed onto two balvcs of a barrel hoop.

QUESTION AND ANSWER

.lC: lily friend does not have any reflexes in her knees. What causes it?

Answer: The loss of reflexes In the knees might be due to disor- ders affecting lhe nervous system. It may be that the reflexes are not absent, but difficult to elicit.

A thorough study by a neurolo- gist is advisable to determine if there is any abnormal condition present.

The Age Old Story

0 Lord. thou nasr searched me. and known me . .. Thou compu- aest my path and my lying down. and art acquainted with all my ways Whither shall I go from thy spirit? or whiter shall I flee

ror arrangement which will per-.

There doeIn't aeelll to be a great deal of sense In building private autos that will travel 12) miles an hour when there are no public high- ways that will accommodate much more than half that speed. We have cars that will travel 120 miles an hour but a motorist who drives at. such speed is headed either for the ' traffic court to answer charges, or more likely to his maker. An auto powered with a Z10-N0 horsepower I motor seems to be among the less urgent needs of the average fam- ily or business driver today.-Com mercial News.