£.~;\_G.E-F_v_v1\-_-____ I“ THE ‘GUARDIAN

Morning Dill; (Founded In um) lIllhnrlw-cliun firs-um! Clun Mal-L Pull Offlea uPll-"IHIIC- Ottawa.

The Island llunrsllun Publlnhlnl Q0- ldltar unrl hlannglng litre-nor. J ts. Burnailn Annotate Erlltnr. Prank Walker.

"The Strongest M‘emory is Weaker Tlldll

the Weakest Ink." DHABLOTTETOWN, THURSDAY. APRIL '1, 1949

a “Canada 1949"

"Canada 1949, The Official Handbook of Present Conditions and Recent Progress, has just been issued by the Federal Government un- der the editorial direction of the Dominion Bur- eau of Statistics. Planned to give a balanced picturrof the genera-l economic and social structure of the country, the booklet serves this purpose admirably and should prove of particu- io-r val-ue to teachers and senior pupils in our schools and colleges. This is the nineteenth an- nual edition of the "Canada" handbook series. Every year fresh material has had to be added, and this has required expert revision and com- pression. Anticipating Newfoundland's entry in- to Confederation, prominence is given to a fine reproduction iii colour of a painting which hangs in Government House, St. John's, showing the Cabots leaving England in 1497 on their voy- age of discovery of the New World.

Also beautifully displayed in colour are the coats-of-arms and emblems of Canada and the Provinces. Officol note is taken of the Lady's Slipper as Prince Edward Island's emblem. The emblems of the other Provinces are given as follows: Ontario, White Trillium; Quebec, Maple Leaf; Nova Sc0tia,~Tra-iling Arbutus (Or May- flower): New Brunswick, Purple Violet; Muni- toba, Crocus; Saskatchewan, Prairie Lily; Alber- ha, Wild Rose. British Columbia, apparently, has none

One of the most interesting chapters in the handbook is devoted to Agriculture, which vtarts off with the reassuring statement that this is still the most important single industry in Canada, engaging about one-quarter of the total population. The changes in the industry since the war years are briefly reviewed. Inci- dentally, the following information is given on a subject which came in for considerable discussion at the last session of our Provincial Legislature:

"Potato Warehouses.-A policy was inaug- mated in i947 whereby the Federal Department of Agriculture provides cash assistance in re- spect to potato warehouses constructed by Co- operative Associations. The assistance amounts to 37 1-2 percent of the cost of the warehouse and is conditional upon the co-operative paying Z5 percent and the Provincial Government where the warehouse is located paying the remaining 37 1-2 percent. All warehouses must have the approval of a Dominion-Provincial Committee let up for the purpose in each Province in which warehouses are to be built under this policy."

The booklet sells at the ridiculously low prloa of 25 cents, which would scarcely pay for the paper and makeup. '

Children's Farm Income

There would appear now to be no reason M-iy farmers should not employ their own chil- dren on their farms and pay them wages, and thereby be permitted to deduct such expendi- tures in arriving at their income tax. This ques- tion was raised in the House of Commons the other day by Mr. Diefenbaker, (P.C.-—Lake Cen- tre). Mr. Diefenbake-r asked if this provision ap- plied to the 194B income tax returns of farmers generally throughout the country. In reply, Hon. J. J. McCann, Minister of National Revenue, said this was‘ permissible. There is a catch in it, how- aver; for if the individual earnings exceed $400 the child ceases to be a dependent for taxa- tion purposes. The $400 is applicable in years up to January 1, 1949; under the new budget, the amount is increased to $500.

Asked how old a child must be before a farmer may include him in his salary list, Mr. McCann complained that this was "a sort of catch question." He added that the child "should be of such an age that his services would be of some use to his father." In reply to o further question, "whether the same regulations applied to the children of storekeepers, and so on?" the Ministe-r replied in the affirmative.

The Battle Industry

Ever since l9Zl, our livestock farmershave been haunted by fear of loss of markets and low prices. The tragic experience of the cattle in- dustry following the adoption at Washington in 1921-22 of the Fordney-McCumber tariff was repeated in the 1930's in consequence of the HawIey-Smoot tariff, the general collapse of world trade as a result of the raising of trade barriers the world over, and the drouth. The fol- Iawing interesting commentary on the tattle in- dustry appears in the current "letter on Canad- ian livestock products" issued by the Industrial and Development Council of Canadian Meat Packers. _

"The year 1949 should be the year to start rebuilding herds and this rebuilding will take

‘time. A cattle population in Canadaof 15,000,- ~ 000 should not be too large a target. Each year

domestic beef consumption should be larger, due to- increased human population. Government esti- mates of Canadian population have been 1930- 10,208,000; I940-l1,38l,000; 1948-12883,- 000. The increase in our human population since 1940 has been 1.502,000. At thepresent per capi- ta rats of beef consumption that increase re- presents an additional demand for 101,685,000 lb. of. beef annually, which means approximately 203,370 carcasses or com-s 4,000 head weekly. "Considering further expected growth-of our own population, plusithe U.S.A. outlet now avail- able, when- the population is Increasing at the rats of 1,500,000 persons a year, there seems little clrnncs of producing beef insxcsss of our outlets. In fact thsro is every likelihood that the North ~‘fl.marlcun'crntlnent Is sognxgolng to be mlfl beef to mast its own consuming ds-

m,-

'./ EDITORIAL N01 ESL

.____

Some secondary roads are impassable at tlris season. It is small comfort to thoss depen- dent on them to reflect that not long agp prac- tically all our roads would have been III that condition. 1

“ I l O

A real hell for good and bad alike. A dis- patch from the Kurdish province of Suleirnaniiah, Iraq says: "Three northern Iraq villages have been swallowed up in a crater opened by an

earthquake.“ Q I I

Speaking of the R. C. A. F., the. Governor General recently said that although rt |s_ _the youngest of the three services it has traditions. Traditions do not have to be particularly old to be good. The important thing, he added, IS not to stand still but to add new traditions.

I Q i

'The Ottawa Journal, in an interesting sur- vey of reading habits of parliamentarians, re- veals fhat heaviest readers get to be Cabinet Ministers; but, sad to say, once they get into the Cabinet, they don't read as much as be-

fore. 0 I I

The Easter recess of Parliament from Sat-

PUBLIC FORUM

This column l: open to tbs dllulllllfllll, b! HIIPNIINIUCUIU“. of questions ofgtntenst. Tbs Guardian dye not ueoeunr- ‘lly endorse tbs opinion of: correspondent!- " 4 _ ROCKY POINT IIIIY

Sin-Would you permit me, through your valuable paper, to mqke a request to the Department of Public Works? (We from Welt River and vIcInIty are told there Is such u Department. but we never seem able to obtatn visual proof). Some time ago I received a let- ter from rs publishing company In Toronto to the effect. that they would like me (or some one more capable of such an assignment) to write an original and descriptive article of P. E. I. for publication In their educational magazine.

It occurred to me, Whit could be more quaint. more original -_or more Interesting to up-to-date Can- adians In other Provinces, and- yes-even to the majority In our own Province than to learn that the R.C.A.F. are not the only ones

cue and hardship all Canadians should be made acquainted, so that those who carry out those husrd-

wlth Whose daring exploits of res- _

IIIS OATII: ‘On m, keno-ml puma first I will do m] best ride Mtg ding i Goo c-Hlrs King; ‘I’; blip other: at el this: ‘ts obq the Scoot Isa. '

THE scour HAS ecuenu. nous as oorv. Houwc, oesoicucc, LOYALTY, cookresv, Tamer, Fkirnouuess," KINDNESS TO ANIMN-‘imta, is TAQoHT SELF- nsumce, AND nuzoveu rue ' Ewemencfoe Lulme wan NATuQE m "rue 6am WFOF-DOORS IS when imoA Chosen ‘RELATION- . S4410 wrru HIS Goo ‘Auo l-IIS Farrow

. begin

foundland GeologIcalSurvey has done

An Eskimo fuallyuul dafvtstt- ed Toronto the other day. The story goes that they received many sur- prises, ‘but none nsgreatmc that. experienced "by. thelridog. Flflapbl‘ whatever the Eskimo equivalent Is. by itnklng ‘his teeth Into a reporter's leg. The surprise came when the leg turned out to be an elumlnutn ane"'ths wnr veteran newspaper mun was -wearlng. -— Woodstock Sentinel-Review.

Mlnlng ls Newfounrllanrfs thlrd Industry but with n record produc- tion of S21 millions last year It ls not solar behind the $29 millions of fishery products or the $26 mII- llons" produced by the newsprint and paper mllls. Aided, of-course, by record metal prlces, base metal out- put last. .yeur climbed to new hclghtd and the value of Iron are produceifjumped to. a new top. Mine employment was at a high level and now. backed by a strong and thriving Canadlan Industry, It Is to» be hoped that Newfoundland rug-ling wlll continue Its upward course. Within the limits of Its meagre, appropriation the New-

excel nt work. Important

ii

‘urday, April 9th., to Monday, April 25th. will

hardly prove popular with the members. There just dues. is not enough time for political fence mending and at the some time the recess is not short c-n-ough to serve as a-n excuse for neglecting pa-r- “haul, push or

IICLIIIII’ constituents. * ‘t lottetown by a

Canadian citizenship certificates, which Ice boat.

ous expeditions may receive their

By the foregoing. I refer to the men of Rocky Point who during the past. weeks were

forced to row" their way

across from Rocky Point to Char-

very antiquated

means of travelling-an outdated A chlldfvery n1 with , "

proved so unattractive to the great majority, have filled at least one need. A return in the House of Commons indicates that in 1948, no fewer than 11,155 ou-t of a total of 24,334 is- sued were for "new Canadians" as proof of sta- tus. . i‘ . Agriculture MinisteRGardiner nu m Com-mans there is no more butter in Canada now than there was a year ago, and at that time thecou-ntry did not have "quite enough" at the end of the season. He was replying to Hon. Earl Rowe, who asked if the Government would remove f-rom the market the "inferior grade" Danish butter which was imported last year, and now was "menacing" the Canadian butter trade. I I I

No less than 54,000 tons of gift foods have been received in Britain from’ the Comman- wealth and Empire in the three years ending December last. This was announced by the Min- ister of Food, Mr. Strachey, in the House of Commons recently. This figure is exclusive of 50 million gift parcels sent-to individuals. The food was sent for general distribution to the people most in need. More than 1,900 hospitals, 2,500 charitable institutions and 1,800 schools have benefitted.

i i

In seeking the protection and preservation of wild life, Canada is following the lead of the hdother Coun-try. The British Lord President of the Council, Mr. Herbert Morrison, has an- nounced that a Nature Conservancy for Britain- has been farmed. This body will have charge over everything concerned with wild animalond plant life and be responsible for their protection. It has 16 members with Professor Tansley, who is Professor of Botany at Cambridge University, as chairman. The Conservancy will manage the 73 national nature reserves which are to be es- tablished in Britain.

I i‘ i

A new system of haulage has been invented by an East England firm which will have a far-reaching if not revolutionary effect on the world's fishing industries. lt consists of fluted power driven net rollers which, as recent trials have shown, have outstanding advantages over the orthodox ‘type. In the first place they ensure better catches with far less damage to the fish. Also, they impose less wear and tear on nets and save considerable time for the captain and crew besides cleaning up most of the rough side of net drifting. Among other assets this new system is lessening the arduous task of net haul- ers during bad weather and heavy catches.

C i i

William Wordsworth, English poet, born this date 1770. At twenty he visited France where he became an ardent revolutionist until the rise of Napoleon alienated his sympathies; he returned to Eng-land where he lived quietly at Alfanden and Grosmere, and at Rydal Mount. Became a friend of Coleridge and collaborated with him on Lyrical Ballads. Other works include two volumes of miscellaneous poems containing pe-rhaps his finest work, The Excursion and The Prelude. Chief of the Lake Poets, and one of the leaders of the romantic revival, he made Nature-and man as part of Nature-his great poetic theme; at his best his poetry combines sublimity and purity: ' We shall exult if they who rule the land Be men who hold its many blessings dear, Wise, upright, valiant; noha sorvis band Who are to judge of danger which they fear, And honour which they do not’ understand.

e- a s

Free milk to undernourished childrsn in S ' t John schools has ended for the, season . . . cxlmonth earlier than in former years . . . be- cause of lack of. funds. The fact is cause of con- cern to packers, who saw I-hsss children show marked improvement_both In their studies and in physique during the last few months. This was the announcement mods by Mr. Travis W. Crushing. administrator of the fund for the schools, spezki-ng for the president of Saint John Free Milk Fund, Mr. F. Gordon Spencer. Mr. Cashing noted also that absenteeism , among pupils was at a new low when milk was avaidrle. During Ihs last four months, 96,790 half-p‘ or milk were distributed to needy children dur- ing school hours. Of Ilia 1,110 children receiv- ing milk, 900 were in city schools and 2M in county schools. Dus to Increased casts of'mllk and a smaller budget from the Community Chest Fund, when the increased obisctlvs was not rnst, the fund officials were compelled to

limit the season of’ distribution. ' 1

had to be taken to hospital. The mother of this little one. herself In not the best of health, had to re- resort to this made of travelling, expose herself end child to serious danger, needlessly-AI say needless- ly, because by much-sought-far Im- provement these hazards could be avoided). Incidentally. the child died, probably hervdeath hastened by exposure. . Does anyone In this advanced ge " such neglect and lil- treatment In transportation ser- vices as the people of Rocky Point and vlclnlty are receiving just or fair? Why was our ferry, the S. S. Falrvlew, fled up at the wharf a certain day lest January when the day previous the passage was as clear and smooth as summer? Any- one can vouch for the truth of this statement. that the boat ran on summer schedule one day and the next day did not even attempt a crossing. Why. last week was our boat again “fled up" after making one ar two salltngs, until a few men went (by lceboat) to head- quarters and demanded that cross- ing be resumed—whlch It was without inconvenience or diff- cultyi’. Why, on April 4th.. be- cause an Ice-pan dld make sailing somewhat difficulty, dld the pas- sengers have to resort to almost “mob violence" before they were finally ferried safely across-this after night, when same could have been done much earlier In the evening? ' We cumin! help but think. how some of our daring and brilliant Island sea captains In various parts of the_ country would scorn the Idea of hesitation about making an approximate two mile and a half crossing simply because of the fact that there was a small quantity of Ice to contend with. .

The first years the S. S. Fair- view was on the Charlottetown- Rocky Point run—(Cupt.'J. Dou- cette) It mancged—wlth adegree of hardship to the crew of course-to keep the course open In the winter till horses could cross the ice, and It was back on schedule again u soon as ever It was passable In the Spring. In the winter of forty-eight (Capt. T. Paquet.) the Falrvlew again battled the gathering Ice day after day, unIII there was no more necessity of so doing, a ‘.'cauceway" having been made by Jack Frost. quite safe and secure for man or beast.

IN

’ If it Is the condition of the boat

that is causing such inconvenience and discomfort to so many peo- pie—well than wouldn't the proper procedure be for the Government to scrap It, and provide a modern and dependable means of travel- ling? ls there anyone who wIII not agree-—except. at course the very ones who should have the welfare .of the peopleJIi-sf. and foremost In their hearts and minds, the ones who are betraying u trust Impos- ed In them when they were elect- ed to represent the people, and satisfy their just needs, of which this Is one which has much too long been simply Ignored and cunt aside as not. being worthy of con- sideration? '

As matters stand now, It will probably be late spring‘ or early curnmefbefore the Installation of tho new rarnpnt Rocky Point wIII be completed, thus providing " c means of taking 011' board teams and can.- If demolition or-removal of the old flout had been postpon- ed until rthe boat. went on Its an- nual “vacatlon"—(l say ‘vacation because surely If work was being done on It slI- the time It's away every spring. It would be In por- fect condition w overcome selling dlfflcultlel‘) we would at least have had the comfort. for the month of Aprll when road condltlons, etc, are so difficult, of, taking teams er can direct to Charlottetown.

I. could mention other IncIdoi-its at our transportation requests, ser- laus and necessary as they were, being simply brushed aside l! un- Important. and not wotthy of the slightest conslderctlon, but I do not wlshto fake up toojmuch of your valuable space.

In the first paragraph of this letter I mentioned a request to the "D.P.W.". Here ' It Il-‘would they be so kind as to obltgcf

When we read of conditions In other lands, and of those . spon- sllile to; semi, bsnsflaIil-or ochr- w ls, t e no state. apps r- unes of thing‘?! Is fly by pictures. Wouldvlt‘ Ila! Isn- prssslvs. If the rename, article be wrmsn for msgfllno purpose» {packs ét man's-sol, micro gaun-

o an more ntqfsl ng y the addition of phatalfltfhs of Ilpls prlmltlvs mnns of ‘transportation. "the Rocky Point Ice bolt", and alongside of It, perhepseven with the oars In hand. the heads of out Government. and, nasclsllv

Bunr, Ana now wise socu A

roam! B__gv_ is "m: Fouuomou o» IIIIIIcIl 111s

afiihgxsg a)?

é.‘ soup rouumrou/

‘y, _.

FRDM “OYRANO DE BERGER-AC"

I carry my adornment: on my soul.

I do not dress up like a popdnjay;

But. Inwsrdly; I keep my dslnuness.

I do not- bear with mo, by my

chance,

An Insult not yet washed away-a conscience . Yellow wlth unpluged blle-enl honour frayed

To raga, o set of soruplea bedly|

worn.

I go capsrlsaned In gems unseen,

‘Iradllng white plumes of freedom, garlsnded '

Wlbh my good name-m figure of a.‘

man.

But s soul clothed In shining-

. armour, ung ,

with deeds for decoration-s. twirl- ing - thus —

A brlstilxig wit, and cwlnglrsg at my s do

Courage. and on the stones of this. old ho I

wn Mlaklng the sharp truth rlng, llker golden spurs!

—Edmond Riostrand.

Lenten Meditations

The Tlmesfboudoa

RELIGIOUS MORALITY

Religion and morality Issue from interlacing activities of personal- Icy: history and" experience show that. though distinguishable, their separation Involves damage to bath. For ethics. the judgments of the moral conscience carry their own binding authority. Conduct externally Imposed, even If by al- leged divine sanction, In not moral apart from a confirming judgment of conscience.

Moraltty requires freedom. Relig- Ion Is wider In scope than moral activity. If Is always, when re- flection Is sufficiently advanced, a consclous relation to what. Is held to be ultlmuteand enduring recl- Ity; and the relation Is necessarily one of dependence. Hence u ten- sion between the respec Ive atti- tudes essentlul to mor Ilty and religion.

Christianity preaches universal subjection yet confers universal freedom. Christ and the truth will make men free-but by bring- Ing them Into captivity to their obedience. Christianity renounce! Independence as false in fact and disastrous In practice. Conscience Is not a ready-made moral gauge which. faced with choices,‘ auto- mctlcully Indicates right or wrong. Conscience Is socially mediated.

Men feel the Imperatives of con- science In varying degrees, but gen- erally In the highest degree when there is reasonable faith that moral distinctions reflect something In the nature of reality or of God.

Some standard of morals would be necessary for health. and to hold the community together, In a world In which none believed In God or In anything of eternal value: but It Is extremely doubtful wheth- er the finer graces of moral Ilfe would flourish and Increase In such a soculorlzed society. It Is as It comes homela them In sincere re- IlgIon that men feel most strong- ly the constraint of the moral law.