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PAGE FOUR

THE GUARDIAN

Morning Daily (Founded in I887» Authorized as Second Class Mail, Post Office Department, Ottawa.

President. Ian A. Burnett; Vice-President. Wm. R. Burnett; Secy-Tream. G. M. Burnett; Editor and Managing Director. J. R. Burnett; Associate Editor. l-‘i-anii Walker.

"The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than ' the Weakest lnk."

CIIARLOTTETOWN. TUESDAY, Mocroiiilit

Election Date Announced .

Hon Mr Barbour's announcement of a Pro- vincial general election on Thursday, Deiembefi

ll next is in accord with the unofficial report;

l a appearing in Saturday's Guardiafl. ("id “Ill "use no surprise to those who were aware of the activities going on in Government circles recent- ly, There is, however, scorcely_more than six week; before polling day and while many of the, party candidates have already been nominritedq a great deal of work remains to be done alongl organization lines. _ _ ‘

This will be an important election in view of tho Doniinion-Provincial tax agreements and other matters_ affecting the Province financially

and otherwise. It is to be hoped that opportunity will be given for full and open discussion of these

issues at public meetings throughout the Pro-l vincc. Government members in particular will

be expected to give an account of their steward- l ship in this manner, and not merely broadcast

prepared statements where there is no oppor-

tunity for interrogation or discussion.

One can only speculate on why the Govern- ment chose mid-December for making its ap- peal, when weather conditions are likely to be unfavorable and road conditions at their worst. Whatever the object, it is for the Opposition members to see that the spotlight is thrown on every phase of the Governments record. The electors should remember that it is the Govern- mnt-—not the Opposition—-which is on trial and that it is their duty as well as privilege to study tho issues and vote accordingly. If they find that the Government was elected in i943 on policies which are still largely in the blueprint stage, the first and foremost question they are likely to ask is whether or not these some prom- ises, or others similar to them, are again to be accepted at their face value. '

The B. ll. A. Act-

Somc widespread misconceptions regarding the status of the Provinces under Confederation arc corrected in the current issue of the Fort-I nightly Law Journal. In a recent low students debate one of the speakers said in pointingto the difference between the American constitution and the B. N. A. Act that in tho former the States were the sovereign power whereas under the latter the Dominion was the sovereign pow- er while the Provinces were the delegated power. Again, the writer of a letter in Saturday Night speaks of the B. N. A. Act as the constitution ol "We would riot presume to speak of the correctness of the speaker's estimate of the American constitution," says the Law Journal, "but neither is the B. N. A. Act the constitution of Canada nor are the Provinces any less sov- ereign powers within their legislative iurisdiction than the Dominion within its exclusive field of legislative power. It seems to us that much of the argument of the proponents of a Dominion Government strong to the point of predominance is based upon this wholly unfounded misconcep- tion of the fundamental superiority of the Dom- inion Parliament. Basically this misconception ic founded on the equally gross misconception that the B. N. A. Act is the Canadian constitu- tion instead of as it actually is only the instru- ment for the division of legislative powers be- tween equally sovereign legislatures.

"Another thing that feeds this misconcep- tion is the oft repeated statement that the resi- dual legislative power lies in the Dominion. Actu- ally the provincial power over property and civil rights which is quite capable of embracing all the legislative powers in both s. 9l and s. 92 of the B. N. A. Act is the real residual power. The Dominion power over peace, order and good gov- ernriient wcs never intended to be the residual power because it is qualified first by the excep- tion of "Canada" and secondly by the exclusion of the subjects enumerated in s. 92. The form- er qualification confines its operation to the untifhetic counterpart of the provincial power over matters of local concern and the latter dem- onstrates beyond a shadow of doubt that it was never intended thereby to give the Dominion any legislative superiority and emphasizes the com- plete and sovereign equality of all the govern- merits set up by or under the B. N. A. Act. .

"Much of the cry for amendment of the B. N. A. Act stems from this misconception of this clause of the B. N. A. Act as giving to the Do- minion flll; residual power and so a status of sup- eriority that makes its sovereignty an over- riding power above the sovereignty of the Prov- inccs. We find the same thought in the letter in the Saturday Night where the writer suggests that the B. N. A. Act must be amended in order that a Bill of Rights may be enacted. ,Unfor- tunately or perhaps fortunately for him the writer does not suggest in what respect he would have the B. N. A. Act amended to achieve his purpose. All lie does is to make the bald state- ment that it must be amcnded-Jhere-ought-to- be-o-Iow-type of mentality. It notaonly demons- trates tho writer's complete misun erstanding of the problem but also the grip that the oft repeat- ed cry for the amendment of the B. N. A. Act has gained upon the lay mind without the slight- ost idea of what it is rcallyoll about. lt has be- come tho hibboloth of tho politician and the slogan of t o propogoridist. All the ills of Can- ada are due tlic inadequacies of tho outworn B. N. A. Act and amendment of it tho panacea. No one over points out that the nationhood of Con- odo such as It is is wholly duo to tlio wonderfully efficient liolonco of power created by the N. A. Act. ‘ Indeed we can only nigrvgl pita: eighty

years that any ‘group of men could have devised so perfect a scheme and one that has so unfail- ingly met all the tests‘of time and such vicissi- tudes as Lord Haldane. It would be sacrilege to ailov the hands of the modern politician to touch so perfect a work of real art."

Domestic Meats Supply

The importaxe of _"small operators" in the supplying of meat for domestic consumption is

_ ‘revealed in the weekly lz-tter issued by the indus- 28’ lsgyyfflfll and development council of Canadian men;

packers. Although these individual operations are largely local, taken togctlior they contribute a sizeable port of the total. From the stand- point of fresh meat supplies, they are an even larger factor, as a considerable part of the meat

iderived from inspected slaughter is sold in the k

form of processed products. , ‘g

The number of plants processing inspected meats varies slightly from year to year. Accord- ing to the latest report of the Dominion Bureau of Statistics, there were I52 inspected‘ establish- merits. No official record is maintained of irhe number of uninspected operators who are doing IJHSIHGSS in practically every sizeable village and in towns and cities all across the country where llleslflck "WY be secured for slaughter.

Plants that do not ship! products qiitsidg the province of operation are not required to come under the Dominion Meat and conned Foods Act. Some do a very small business, but

a number which operate in areas of denser population slaughter more livestock annually than do several of the individual inspected

plants.

In addition to the inspected and uninspected operators, all farmers particularly those who '9'” °" “all lllesiflk. ore potential butchers, either for their own use or for sale to neighbours or inathe local market. 'l‘he I94] decennial cen- siis reported a total of 732,832 farmers, a large percentage of whom raise livestock.

Ari indication of the extent to which live- stocdkdslaaightering is carried on outside of re. cor e c ennels is revealed by the number of slaughter permits issued by the Wartime Prigg; and Trade Board. Approximately 12000 per. matshwere granted by the Board, a number of W ic proved nap-essential and were ca||¢e||¢d_ Over 8,000 remained active slaughterers of live- stock for sale. This number does not indud, the thousands of farmers who slaughter some animalflfor their own use, as no license w; necessary.

> EDITORIAL NOTES _.

Feast of St. Simon and St. Jude.

Chinese should be properly impressed when they inquire about the I50 speedy flyers and are informed that they are Canadian Mosquitos.

Q i I it

Italy, ally of Hitler, invaded Greece this date I940, starting anew trouble in the Balkans, which since I945 is being continued by Soviet supporters.

o Ir n o

Venezuela is to have a photographic survey of on area of about 25,000 square miles to be carried out by a Canadian company. Payment for the survey will be in American dollars.

a- i ‘I i '

Four Island clcrgymen make the front page cver Canada this weck——two on an official visit to the Pope at Rome, one as a mayor of a west- ern town, and another as a prospect for a capital pulpit with a stipend of $i0,000 per annum.

I N fl I

A combined services course for safety offic- ers is being conducted at Comp Borden. The graduates are expected to test and weed out po- tentially dangerous drivers for the Navy, Army and Air Force. '

Q I Q "I

The Montreal Gazette reports the develop- ment of an adjustable wedding ring of palladium, designed to fit any size finger. This is really going too far in catering to people who can't make up their minds until the last minute.

New Zcaland's Mai-Gan. H. E. Barrowclougli advocates the setting up of a "secretariat" to co-ordinate foreign policy and defence of the Commonwealth, but not in London because of its nearness to trouble centres.

t . . 4r

Perhaps the world will have to be saved from destruction by the insane. Dr. L. S. Kubie of Yale states that only certain types of insane patients could picture world destruction vividly an.l' realistically, and that the so-called normal man refuses to facc siich a possibility.

General regret will b: felt and expressed at the death of Rev. J. B. M. Armour, general sec- retary of the British and Foreign Bible Society. That it should occur on the eve of Bible Week here makes the grief all the more poignant, as he was known to, and held in high esteem by hun- dreds of Prince Edward islanders both at home and abroad.

i i it i’

King's County is in the limelight with the inauguration of its new County Hospital at Mon- tague They are oii aggressive and progressive citizenry, and usually succeed in attaining what they go after. The new hospital at Mon- togue will prove a big asset to Southern King's, and a lasting beneficial memorial to those who. went forth manfully and died triumphantly for the cause that still needs assistance.

i l‘ I i!

Handled and directed properly, there would appear to be a splendid future for thirteen-year- old Eddie Dunn, Summerside, who went explor- ing .n New Brunswick the other day and occas- ioned the police there some trouble but no an- noyonce in the investigation of his identity and the mystery of his place of abode. The story he told, together with his wanderings indicate that he possesses unusual determination as woll as magnificent imagination, both assets which should servo him in good stead in his journey through life. Meantime, misdirected they have

been o cause pf unnecessary anxiety. n“,

flutes By The nay

ln prescribing the lash, the courts are on the right track. It the thugs persist. iii using weapons to enforce melr unlawful demands, lt~ would seem that drastic measures must be adopted to put. ii stop to their oc- tivitles. Penitentiary sentences, without the lash. have not. proved a deterrent to violent crime. The only option ls to prescribe whip- plnss, and see wliat effect that medicine wlll have. — Cbatbam News. '

With hunger rampant in many parts of the \voi'ld_ to ivoste food ‘.5 little short of criminal. Apples are an excellent food. Yet. here ln Grey and Bruce, vast quantities of tnls fine fruit are going to waste for lack of sufficient persons to gather the crop. Something should be done about this and the people who can do it are city-dwellers. — Owen Sound Sun-Times.

Johnny‘: chocolate candy bar and Momma’; chocolate pie have reach- ed a crossroads. says The Wall Street. Journal. Cocoa beans sold for less than flve cents a pound ln prewar I939. Now they are worth 49 cents. The increase ls roughly 900 percent. A dizzyso percent rise lias boon scored tn o short. ab: iieeks. Says one chocolate manufac- turer: “You think other prices have gone up? If they had kept. pace with cocoa ln percentage gains since 1939, wheat would now be worth $10 a bushel, butter $3.20 a

pound, eggs $3.20 a dozen and round steak $3.60 a pound." Inndon’! Metropolitan Polleo

describes the number of crimes ln which firearms were used or earl-led as ‘negligible’ -not a very happy .~boice of words, for even one mur- der is not a matter for neglect by either police or public. But the ycint. stressed by the Commissioner l1. that gangs "are almost unknown in Landon" and “in spite of ap- pearances the incidence of murder cases is no liiglier than usual." However, ll: ls admitted that tlie number of crimes ls for above pre- war level (though many of them are small-scale affairs), that young offenders show ii marked increase. and that as first offenders (which is cases only means that. It ls the first time they have been caught) they offer a difficult problem, and abut. about 9 per cent of successful- ly investigated crimes can be ascribed to deserters from the arm- ed services. — Manchester Guard- ran.

Clllldl need! productive workell. and many of us are convinced that clie country would benefit enor- mously lf some thousands of young men and women presently putting ln their time ln over-staffed fed- eral offices, particularly ln Ot- tawa, were told to hunt. Jobs in commerce and industry, thus help- ing to create new wealth for the country. After the clvll service is trimmed to essentials, the forty- bour week might be a suitable mat.- ter for discussion, with the distinct understanding by isl1 that each worker would turn out just a blt. iriore ln each hour. Enlargement of payroll, with increased demands for tax-money, should be ruled out altogether, - Edmonton Journal.

A carlood ol Hereford steer: sold at the Yards Monday for $591 per head. Stuffed with $2.40 n bush- e‘. cash com. they were so fat. they "waddled." But. the price received was so high that Fred Schmidt, Iowa cattleman, sold be mode money on the deal. From the stand- point of the general welfare at. this time, however, the deal spelled waste. The last or marginal bushels of corn fed to a steer to "finish" 111m and make him waddle to slaughter. produce style in the butcher shop rather than steak o the dinner table.- Chlcago Dail News.

The statement Issued on behalf oi General Eisenhower recently ought to be a final answer for flrose who have believed that he iioiild carry on, encourage or ac- quiesce In a campaign for the presidential nomination while still lifliclln; the position of Army Chief of Staff. The nation will accept tho assurance that this honest and forthright soldier had no "prior knowledge" of political Retlvltlcs iii his supposed behalf and that. he "dcprecatcs" such activities. It will credit his sincerity when lt ls stal- eii that. be "neither seeks nor de- sires political otflce."— New York 'I‘imcs.

Pig raising is becoming a nice profitable business for the North- ern Ontario farmer. Why? Partial- ly because the major meat. packers lirive been finding it. increasingly

difficult to get along with their employe un1oiis_ and the small packers are moving into a more

important place In serving remote areas. Certainly this district ls flncl- ing no meat shortage despite the nation-wide strlke ln the three great packing houses. The pigs which have been raised by farm- ers in this part. of Northern Ou- tarlo have found ready markets because of the shortage from out- side areas. Arid the farmers of this part of the country have entered into an era of meat prosperity that. tliey would be wise to try and re- tain. They now have the market and wlth some sensible raising. marketing and public service, they will be in o. position to better zbemselves and Northern Ontario forming ln general l! they Add their knowledge and talents to their pres- ent good fortune. - Tlmmlns Press.

Connie rays, which have been counted tn V-s rockets at an alti- tude of more than 100 miles and deep ln the porth fn mines, are getting o new checkup under- ground. two Imgllsh scientist: have disclosed. Tho mysterious particles from our outer lpoco are being counted by! P. George and A. O. Juan of Blrkbock College, Unl-

vorslty o! Inndon, tn o laboratory under Iiondon, in the ttolborn lub- wry station.‘ — lcloneo

__,_"riii-: GUARDIAN. CHARLGTTETOWN __

‘ OCTOBER Z8, 1947 ‘ m Palestine T‘ . 5 P - __ rofessional Darils ' 7 ‘OOQQOOO-OOO-O-OQ-O (Britain's U. N. Statement)! w no oowwow Our efforts to find isccommoda- 0d ‘ ¢ONDENSED H. R. ANE LCQ ' b t - . - ' gfigsflxelewiegylethpancgtéiimiglilgcsca i‘:- —g=a=_- fi .hortored Accountant;

not be attributed to the various terms of the Wlilte Paper of 1939 which In a number of major re- fpects have not. been implemented; indeed immigration has continued well beyond the 75.000 contemplat- ed and constitutional changes, for reasons outside the mandatory! control, have not been made. In the absence of full cooperation or of any positive contribution from other powers and In view of the sheer hopelessness of the manda- mry obtalrilni; a settlement and reconciliation of conflicts wltliln the mandate, l-lie United Kingdom- Government asked the United Na- tions i.o consider the future gov- ernment of Palestine.

The United Nations Special Com- mlttee have submitted suggestions and we have made known our agreement with its twelve general recommendations. We have repeat- ed our views that. the mandate should be laid dawn because It ls unworkable and that the obliga- tions to the two communities are irreconcilable and that. Palestine should now move to independence. We niiscle these decisions k own without delay in order to fncil Late the work of the Assembly.

In our discussions with the two communities in recent years, we have evolved a number of propos- als within the terms of the mari- aate but. experience finally convinc- cd the United Kingdom Govern- ment that: on impartial considera- tion by an international and fri- dopendent authority was needed. It felt. that. such consideration should not be prejii ecl by tlie advocacy by the U it-ed King- dom of any particular scheme alter our su-bmlsslon to the United Nations, though our knowledge and experience were at the disposal of the Assembly. Tlils decision seemed the more neces- sary because there exist prejudices and suspicions abut. Britain's role lri Palestine and these have been expressed over a period in bitter and unfriendly terms.

Whatever the British views on possible workliig arrangements may be we realised that our ef-

forts lri' Palestine have failed to secure any accommodation be- tween the two communities and

that. lt. was better ive should urge no proposals lf they were to be suspected of containing some blcl- den motive calculated to serve some purpose of our own, worthy or unworthy. The Special Commit- tee with some assistance from the factual information -\ve provided liave produced their recommenda- tions and many member states have now freely expressed their views on the principles underlying the recommendations.

Britaln‘! Present. Position

The position of His Majesty's Government remains today as I have just stated. I would repeat, however, what I made clear ln my first; statement to this Com- mittee - that I cannot easily lm- agine circumstances ln which the United Kingdom would wish to prevent the application of s settle- ment. recommended by the Assemb- ly regarding the future structure of Palestine.

I also made clear, I hope, where the United Kingdom stood lri the matter of implementation of any settlement. and of any declslan reached by the Assembly. Our single-minded purpose ls to end the tragic situation in Palestine. Whether" we have any interests In Lliat. unhappy land ls irrelevant: our anxiety ls to facilitate a set- tlement. The announcement of our decision that we shal] make an early wlllidravval not only of our forces but also of our administra- tion ls designed to remove all lin- gering doubt, to induce both pnr- iles to far-e up to tlie consequen-

res of failure to come lo an agree- nir-nt, to emphasise the ui-izeiz-sy of of the wliole matter and to leavO the United Nations iiiihampcrcd in its rccomriiezidations as to the best solution for tlic future govern- ment. It should help to bring home the realities of the situation and bring both sides together. It recog- nises the plan? of international authority in liquidating n grove and mciirir-ing i-aiillivt. of llllCl‘(\‘_ which ls likely to develop in tlici pact of the world.