mo FESTIVAL entries from

3- STUDENTS .FROM St. Mary’s . tcademy, Suxmnorside, entered inl

By RICIIARD K. O’MALLEY

COLORADO SPRINGS, Colo. lnterservice rivalry ' and-lack I of single command are imperilling the North ' American continent,

' high officers in the North Amer-

, ican Air Defence Command said

Friday.

NORAD, established in this

H central Colorado city in Septem-

ber 1957, is a unified headquar-

E: ters composed of elements from

I the U.S. Air Force, army and

It navy plus the Royal Canadian Air

,Force. NORAD is a unit in itself

‘and not attached to any one sesrv-

1t ice.

M The army, navy and air force provide tmeilil, plane, ships and weapons 0 t e continent-wide air

,1]; defence force.

', DEFENCE CONTROL

* The peacetime mission of

-NORAD as spelled out officially:

“To prepare plans and proced-

.sures for immediate joint air de-

fence action by the separate

forces of the United States and

;Canada in the event of hostilities.

‘S It will have operational control

l of all air defence forces made

_available to it by both coun- tries; ."

l" In" war it would control -all

.- North American air defence. The

Strategic Air Command, the con-

l-1nent’s great air retaliatory

force, has no relationship to

:: NORAD from a command point

.of view but ‘SAC depends on

-::$pl:A‘li)_ to gitvekit Iwarr-nilpigfiof

ow‘ hing awac . in a 1- on

" hasiéhg responsibility of

,... 11 mg ases.

, c0But Gfin. Efarle Dl’ai}‘1I:ridge, - I_nm-an or o NOR , as no

,..~,real _ authority over field com-

igaafiers of the various services 8 up the NORAD defence

_3Nl31¢1t)li§£;5Ul§i§I3§Iicer-s say.

The services can and do make

. uani>0wer.. equipment and weap-

ims decisions on their own with-

out advisin-g or consulting him. eretis nothing which requires

W1 0 do so, since there is no

Ildiligfle authoritative a-ir defence

9

, {hey say at NORAD: - b 6. Partridge is commander .I_“l he can’t even hire or fire a , Held officer a-ssigned to his out- ‘ They do'n’t even‘have to tell 9,, th_wh_at they are doing with eir units.” . slime examples cited by °RAD officers: Elle U.S. Air Force cut down ‘ °}'**1‘1Y warning aircraft on both . Partridge and NORAD ,.;.‘°r<§ told about it after the re- llction was made. 8_ navy reduced the number , picket warning ships. in the it MORAD service. Again Partridge hard about it after the fact. And pt: V W35 the sa-me story when the " “my Cut down its Nike missiles.

ll5v_ The aircraft and picket ship "' Itllllies seriously affected NORAD. rt mart Partridge wit! fighting el- ’ “I5 but a rediiced warning

‘fill’-“T1 _in these two categories. . blind‘? 111$‘-’ giving him a gun but r ME-I old-ing him-. wh CONSUMED

en Partridge objects to some

«level of defence is required. This

’ A d 5 side included {left to r’;htl. Grade M; g,M&1’Y 3 (53 my’ umme" P0375 and girls. choral reading,

7"". - aw

the Music Festival, included,. left: to right, Grade 8, French poetry,I

unilateral service move affecting ‘NORAD, he can,complain to the yioint chiefs of staff. All this takes time in an era when an attack could be lightning swift. He doesn't have assurance the joint chiefs of staff will agree with him, these officers say.

One high NORAD officer who declined to be identified, said:

“We never know from day to day what forces NORAD will have because the various serv- ices can change the force struc- ture on their o-wn.”

Another said:

“These reductions are not made for spite but each service nat- urally wants to take care of its own interests in making economy cuts. «A reduction in its NORAD contribution might save another regular army, navy or air force installation. Whatever the rea- sons, though, this is an almost incredible situation.” ‘

The lack of single command, NORAD officers say, has posed other serious problems. For ex- ample, nobody has told NORAD what specific areas to defend. For example, nobody has told NORAD what specific areas to defend. The task is outlined broadly: defend the North Amer- ican continent.

WORK IN DARK NORAD has not been told what

means Partridge and his NORAD officers don’t‘ dmow whether 85 per cent survivability is de- cent. Obviously all efiforts to de- manded,- 100 per cent or 50 per cent. Obviously all efforts to de- fend the continent as fully as pos- sible would be made should an attack occur, but in order to pre- pare for this realistically some point of reference is vital.

This field of intelligence suf-

fers, too. ' The army supplies its intel- ligence information. So do the air force, the navy, and Canada. It does not always agree.

“We gather it up and turn it over to a NORAD assessment team," a high officer said. “But how would you like to get an in- telligence compilation from which you must make your plans to de- ‘fend the entire continent, an-d find footnotes reading: ‘Army does not agree,’ or ‘Air force does not agre?’ How would it af- fect your confidence?”

The picture is not all dark. NORAD officers say the services are moving closer together and some effort is being made to el- iminate service rivalry which they say seriously damages the defence potential.

POOR LIAISON

But there are some flagrant ex- ceptions. An example:

An army coastal commander in a mock attack problem was ad- vised that SAC planes were head- ing inland over the coast and were friendly. The army com-

ma.nder called the NORAD area‘ chief seven times, asking permis-; sion to make a theoretical ground‘ to air assault on the aircraft shown on his radar screen. Each

l 9

pmperty on the corner of he!

13;; “sweet and its location is

or

DY!

VALUABLE PROPERTY FOR SALE

Tenders will be received for the purchase of the

Central and Market Street

°WY! as the old Nurses Home. I

125 ;1‘his lot of land measures approximately 170 by

ideal for a large variety of.

we The highest or any tender will not necessa1'lly be '. 9-Dted. All tenders should be forwarded to.

The Manager . Isa Prince County Hospital 1

I

,, 13.0. Box No. 430

Summerside. P.E.I.

second place "rinners; Grade 4 place winners;

and 5 junior square dancers. first

lst pl-ace winners;

{Service Rivalry Is Said , « ilmperilling North America

time he was advised the planes were SAC. Theoretically he or- dered his outfit to fire anyway. When an assessment was made it was found this commander had supervised theoretical destruction of all commercial airliners pass- ing over his section that day.

The solution to N0vRAD’s vital problems? .

Some officers think President Eisenhower’s defence reorganiza- tion plan could provide the an- swer and thus far is the best pro gram offered. *

Others say:

“We don’t care who is put in charge, army, navy or air force, ‘but let’s have a command which has control as well as responsibil- ity.”

Grade 2 boysland girls, choral reading; anal Grade 3 and 4, choral reading.

Western Wheat Pools Submit Payments Plan To Cabinet

OTTAWA (C=P)—The Western wheat‘ pools‘ Wednesday, submit- ted a plan to the cabinet under which the Canadian Wheat Board would make deficiency payments on wheat, oats and barley deliv- ered to the board in the 1955-56 and 1956-57 crop years. '

The plan was devised by the Manitoba P-ool Elevators, the Saskatchewan Wheat Pool and the Alberta Wheat Pool following a suggestion Jan. 30 by Trade Minister Churchill that the pools work out a scheme for considera- tion by the government.

“The case for deficiency pay- ments is based on the principle that grain producers should re- ceive a return from the produc- tion of the farm that will bear a fair relationship to their costs of production and to Canadian

living standards.” the D0015 Said

Expect Commons And_Sendie Speakers To Retain Posts

By DON PEACOCK Canadian Press Staff Writer

OTTAWA‘ (-CP)—Pri-me Minis- ter Diefenbaker is virtually cer- tain to propose that R0l3.l’ld Michener remain as Speaker 0‘

‘ the Commons in the new Parlia-

ment, it was learned Friday. Mr. Diefenbaker is considered equally certain to leave Mark Drouin as Speaker, in the Senate when the post-election session of

Parliament opens Monday, an in--

formant said.

Traditionally. the -speakership

of [mm 1-'n;_/~s has altemaled each Parliament between F-rench- speaking and English - speaking members. But there havebeen exceptions in both Houses in the past. _ _ ,

‘ A main factor in the decision to keep on Mr._ Michener is the great popularity he enjoyed dur- ing his brief turn' as Speaker 111 the interval between the June election last year and the March 31 vote. He became Speaker, suc- ceeding Rene Beaudoin, last Oct. 14, the day the last Parliament

opened.

Halifax Residents Hear What To Do In H-Bomb Attack

HALIFAX (CP) — E. J. Vick- ery, Halifax civil defence direc- tor, is in the midst of telling 50,- 000 households in this area what

to do if an enemy makes _a hydro- gen-lbomb attack on Halifax. About 120,000 people live in the city proper and the town of Dart- mouht a-cross Halifax harbor. More than 150,000 live 111 the total target area, a circle_of 15 - mile radius centred at c1ty.h3ll- Copies of a booklet titled Sur- vival Instructions have already been distributed to householders in Halifax and Dartmouth. This week a second editoin is being mailed to residents of the target area outside the city and town. “Halifax is number six on the list of proclaimed target areas in Canada," Mr. Vickery says. "and

- we must be prepared in the event

of an emergency to carry Out 3

quick and orderly withdrawal."

SIX ESCAPE ‘ROUTES '

The instructions set out slx traffic routes residents Will be ex-. pected to use if and when an’ evacutaion is ordered. T h l‘ e e routes lead westward to‘recep- tion areas in the Annapolis Val- ley and south shore districts of Nova Scotia. Three lead esat to central and eastern shore areas.

All residents have ebeen as- signed to one of six evacuation districts in the target 31'e3- Each area has its own escape route designated by letter a.nd color to be displayed on car windshields.

Instructions also cover use_of the civil defence siren warning system, how citizens can protect themselves from H-‘bomb fallout, and suggestions for- survival kits individuals or families should take with them during an evacu- ation.

Wants National Standard Judging Highland Contests

OTTAWA, Ont. —- Uniform na- tional standards for classifying and judging piping and Ll.Elll.’.‘l“-3 competitions at Highland Games across Canada is badly needed, George V. Fraser, former presi- den and chief of the Caledonlan Club of Prince Edward Island, said here. _

Addressing a meeting of the St. Andrew‘s Society of Ottawa, the former chief. now with the Department of Trade and Com- merce. said a national associa- tion, working in conjunction with regional highland societies. is needed to prevent indiscrimin- ate usc of championships as a lure to contestants. 'l‘o mean any- thing. a championship should be declared by an association he

id.

Recognized judges should be ‘named for each area to assure ‘proper placement of competitors. he continued. ln a reference to a

‘land dance pupils of Miss Agnes

iters) — A fresh batch of 5000

journal editorial which stated most Canadian Scots don't like the now-controversial haggis. he said Scotsmen do, definitely, like the haggis, and, he added. they would continue to have it. Chairman was club president

Donald K. Forrest, and entertain ‘ -:

ment was provided by the High- Wood. -

SALK VACCINE ARRIVES l\lANClll':}STl1]R. lslnglaud tl.leu-

pounds of salk polio vaccine ar- rived by air Thursday from Mont- real. The vacc'rne—euough to in- oculate 500,000 children —- was loaded into a refrigerated truck and taken to Liverpool for stor- age. It will be distributed to the local health authorities.

and the Grade Slchoral reading class.

‘ ence_between the average price _the farmer received for wheat,

By FORBES RHUDE Canadian Press Business Editor

E. H. Walker, president and general manager of General Mo-, tors of Canada Ltd., recently told a story about some people and the people are—well, you'll either have to guess who they are or wait for the end of Mr. Walkers Story.

This is how he told it:

“Once upon a time there were two farmers. They lived in ad- Jbining farms but they were very different farms. '

“One man had 10 hi-red hands, the other had only one. One farm was located in a rich and shel- tered valley. The other was on an exposed slope where the winds could get mighty cold.

“The first farm was of such proportion-s that the barns and fields and stables could be nea-tly planned and oriented. The other fell_ow’s farm was a long, narrow strip, with the water supply a half mile from the house and the barns a half mile in the other di- rection.

“Yet. when these two farmers wen.t to church on Sunday, they each drove essentially the same kind of automobile, their wives

[problems of operating that long,

narrow strip of land.

Distribution is one of them, holding an important key to Can- ada’s future.

Money, for instance, must be

put to work, distributing it and redistributing it where it will do the most good.

Management, Mr. Walker said, should follow a sensible capital investment program—-which does not mean timid capital invest- ment when a small recession breeze starts to blow.

Report ‘ Diesel Yard Engine, “ In Accident

CALGARY (AlP)—-A diesel yard engine driven by a shop super- visor crashed into a grain-loaded boxcar Sunday in one of the first accidents reported since the start of the CPR firemen’s strike at 6 a.m.

Officials, h 0 w e v e r, reported CPR passenger and freight trains operating “satisfactorily” despite

wore about the same kind of dress, and when they went home they ate about the same kind of dinner.

“How come? How did the fel- low with the cold - comfort. farm.-

in a statement.

COST TO GOVERNMENT

'l‘he pools estimated that the pl-an would cost the federal treas- ury about $228,130,000. "

The brief said these figures do not take into account any ceiling, on payments to farmers. It_said’ if there is a ceiling it should not be less than $1,500 on individual farmer covering all three grains. Details of the plan were spelled out in a four-page brief submit- ted to cabinet. The level of difi- ciency payments is related to Sa.skatchewan farm prices but the pools said that if the plan is implemented the wheat board would use figures for each of the three Prairie provinces.-

The deficiency payment pro- posed by the pools is the differ-

oats and barley between 1945-46 and 1952-53 and the price he got

live as well as his lush - acres neighbor? Was he a bank rob- ber? Not at all. He was a Cana- dian. HIS n-eighbor was an Am- er1can.”

INDICA'l‘ES PROGRESS

Mr. Walker told the story to il- lustrate the peculiar situation of Canadians who, though fever in number, recently developed from a pioneer state, and living in what is still in many ways a, frontier country, enjoy close to the same standard of living as the People, of one of the most populous, and the richest and most - developed economy in the history of the world. .

Can-adia-ns usually take this sit- uation 501‘ granted. and perhaps there is merit in that, because there seems li-ttle doubt that much of their get-up-and-go is a result of the prodding c ample of their neighbors. ’

As Mr. Walker put it;

“Let’s face it - we have 170,- 000,000 Joneses as neighbors to the south and we’ve always made it our business to keep up with them——and our position isn't quite as bad as the farmer who is a half mile from the pump.

“We also have 200,000,000 Jon- esskis to the north and west, and

too.” I

‘Mr. Walker didn't mention it lni his poor - farmer rich - farmer‘ story. but he could have added that one reason the poor faimer was a-ble to live about as well as his neighbor was that he had a ht 05 tree-mowing on his farm, and a lot of minerals under it, which he was able to sell to his prosperous neiglibor and to other

in 1955-56 and an estimated price for 1956-57. .

ANNUAL

Agenda: New busine

I

NIAIN BRACE NAVAL VETERANS

‘ Will be held in the Club Rooms, corner Kent and Hillsboro Street, over Sterns Laundry Bldg. MONDAY, May 12 at 7:30 p.m.

farmers farther away. But he did go into some of the

MEETING

SS.

IS LATE ..

IF YOUR GUARDIAN C

. OR MISSED

DIAL

and a paper will be deliv Special - delivery service

missed.

a.m.' to 9:00 am. if your paper is late — 01'

we’d better keep up with themi;

N.Y. Stocks In Series Of I958 Highs Last Week

NEW YORK (AP)—The stock market surged forward to an-

other series of 1958 highs last week. ‘

It did it on the b;ggest volume for any full week since the week ended last Oct. 26 -— 14,103,810 shares. ,

The Asociated Pres average of 60 stocks rose $1.40 to $169.90. It_ brought t-he average ‘to its highest level since last Sept. 19.

Rails did quite well despite a

report of lower carloadings com- I

pared both with a year ago and the preceding week. The-.rails and steels were apout the best of the leading -isues on the New York Stock Exchange. Motors, except for American Motors, did not fare so well.

Tuesday, with turnover of 3,- 110,000 shares, was the best mar-

Parable Of Two Farmers Applies To Canada-U.S.

Labor should take responsible and realistic attitudes based on the ultimate realities of produc- tivity and market conditions.

Government should keep a flex-

regard to spending policies and

icier are designed to build up, not to level down, the energy and ambition of the Canadian people.

As for the éonsumerz “He has the lubrication right in his pocket to help keep the wheels turning

and the merchandise moving."

the strike here by 150 firemen and apparent support'by a number of engineers.

Calgary Superintendent A. M. Dunlop reported no great delays in traffic.

‘The yard accident involved a diesel driven by a supervisor from the diesel engine shop, who was filling in for an engineer who did not show up for work. The boxcar was overturned.

The CPR said a number of en- gineers “booked off” as unfit for duty under a clause in their con- tract. It declined to say ‘how many. I

Tom Howe, local president of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen and Enginemen (CLC), said the number “is larger than the railway will tell you.”

Mr. Dunlop said qualified super-~’ visory personnel and “officers” of the company were driving en- gines and acting as firemen on passenger trains, where regular crews are not available.

The pronghorn antelope once ranged from the foothills of the Rockies as far east as Manitoba.

ket session. \

I

ATTENTION ROCKY Romr AREA ‘

A meeting will be held in the Afton Hall, Monday night, May 12 hommencing at 8:30 p.m. Artificial breeding and diseases of livestock will be discussed, speakers, Dr. George C. Fisher, dir- ector of veterinary services inseminator of Cornwall ‘Artificial Breeding Club.

and Charles Lank,

—he‘s an idea man! And that “Wlde-Awake" feeling he gets with Mennen Skin Bracer is Just what he needs to put

his Ideas Into actlonl

MENNEN SKIN

AFTER SHAVE LOTION

SE4

_j...j..

should ensure that taxation pol-.

Monday, May 12. 1953 ‘The Guardian Page 11

Steel CUIpUI Moves Aheocl

' CLEVELAND (AP) ——Stccl on- rerations increased two P011115 l0 50 per cent of rated capac- ity last week and manufacturers .expressed hope that the worst of the steel industry recession 15

ible and sensible point of view in, over, Steel magazine reports.

But no marked improvement is expected for at least another two months, the magazine says. F l Production la.st week was 1.3.20,- 000 net tons of steel—the highest

weekly output in more than ‘a month. Improved operations 111

, the Detroit area were largely re-

sponsible for the gain the produc- tion, which fell to a postwar 10W in April.

However, John L. Neudoer- fer, chairman of Wheeling Steel Corp., cautioned:

“We don’t expect marked im- provement in the current level of operations until fall. By that time, the volume of public con- struction will have increased, production of 1959 automobiles will be under way, and defence spending will be stepped up.”