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i¢uve_uPrlnceEdwardIslandl..lks'l‘hsDew

; Simon lewll . Encuiiva Editcw

W.J. Hsncox. Publlslw Frank Walker Editor

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PAc.i:"T’ Ti;i;Rsn xi: .iA.\'i'.-Kai’ iifii. A Scuiiicl Objective Tile Ivlricerl on erliii-_-3.

tion at the auiuial mcetiiig of the Fe.dei‘.31ioii of A:rriruItiii'e here on

F-'Il1l:'ii,:i Li;

Tuesda_v Iva: indiisative of the grow- iniz aivareness among our leading farmers of the need for imp;~ovi=,- ment in thi: phase of their lnrills. try. Four iwasollitiong dsalt with the farm educational rii~,,plem. and it was agreed that the ferleration should ca r r_\ out a spin:-ial study this winter Will] a \'If'-‘\'(‘ to having courses in acriciiltui'e placed on the

curriculuni of the new vocational training school. We can iniazine no better in-

vestment in time and expenditure than in flll‘l..l‘lPl‘lll2’ a program of this kind in Prince Fdward Island. The short courses which have been made available in recent years are not enough. nor do they seem to elicit the interest which should be armis- ed in farm education.

Recently the imperial Oil Re- view carried an at-resting article on this subject. in which it was pointed out that farming today is no longer a simple. easy--going life in any Canadian province. It involves not just sowing and reaping. but chemistry. physics, genetics. eco- nomics and matheniatics.

Too many farmers don't have enough technical knowledge for ‘ro- day and too many are poor business- men. It is regrettable. too, that too few farm children are completing high school and that most of those who do. are not returning to the farm. Each year. 1.500 openings are available: for am-icultural grad- uates but the supply has been aver- aging less than is quarter of this number.

Farmers are prone to pay large aims for new machinery and live. stock. but hesitate to ini-est 3, few hundred "lf‘tll81”.= to obtain better i-I'3ll1l'nz for themsi=I\~i=s. This. says the Oil Review article. is the situa- tion acro‘-.= Canada. Yet the fllfllre for the "new kind" of farmer was 11°-V“-1' tdisrhler. because there will ll“ 3 ‘it’-=l“‘l‘3te need for farm-raised f0Wl in the fiitiire.

T\\‘Dl1h\' ‘vi:-,1)‘; O"inm nn“-. is

pi-crlirted. there will be fewer farms lint. they will he bigger and will pi-orliirp, about twice as much per MP9 as The inefficient farmer. in the worrl: of one author- ity. will he a "dead duck." . This. we gather. is the problem with which the F‘e.dcration of Agri- culture is concern-erl in this Prov- ince. ln ,'..'I’?tpplitl2 with it. we may he sure that it will have the full t~I'npoi‘t of our educational author- ities. and of our farm officials in both the provincial and federal de- partments.

today,

“The Supreme Test"

One of the big events of Canada's next pai'liameiiiar,v session will be the introduction of Finance Minis- fer Gordon's second budget. Will it meet the fate of its predecessor. and be kicked around-—-in the home- ly words of one commentator-"like nn old tin can“. or will it prove an acceptable solution to our current financial problems?

The failure of the first. Gordon budget to gain acceptance left the deficit as big as ever. the national debt larger, and the money supply expanded to finance the Govern- anent‘s huge borrowings. A year -as. been» lost in the solution of irinimciiii difficulties that Mr. Gor-

don, himself. described as of urgent_

concern.

"We shall soon learn," comments the Winnipeg Free Press. "whether this new year is to see any progress .-..., ..

in tilils direction or whether we shall drift closer to those famous ‘rocks’ already visible to Mr. Gordon last June. His second budget, now under

Preparation. must be the supreme‘

test of the Government, not only for its financial effects but because it will reveal. or fail to reveal. a will to grapple with essentials."

Only when it has put the bud- get in order. says our Winnipeg Liberal contemporary. can the Gov- ernment claim to have a policy of economic management. It will know then hmv much it can afford to spend on capital expansion and so- cial services, how much taxes the economy can bear and hence how much incentive can be given to pri- vate investors.

But even when the Government has a financial and economic policy within Canada it cannot be isolated from the business of the world, for no nation lives more than Canada on the world mnrl<i=t. And this year must be decisive, apart. from other con.=idera’rions. because it will pre- sent the crunch of the GATT tariff bargains. The Government has only a few months to decide whether Canada should move toward in- ternational trade or covert pro- tectionism: toward an outgoing policy of competition or a narrow nationalism based on uneconomic industries.

Finally. the Free ‘Press warns that if further cabinet chances are desirable. and presumnbl_'.' immin- ent. they of themselves will not settle any basic problem now fac- ing the Government. The first priority. as it opens a year vital to its whole future. and the na- tion's. is to make up its mind in the ma_ior policy areas of finance. business and international trade.

Britain's Armed Strength The crisis in Cyprus has once

more focused attention on the world- wide commitments of British mili-

‘ tary strength, and raised the ques-

tion of how thin the nation's forces can be spread out. The precaution- ary alerting. recentlv. of British troops assigned to a NATO brigade, to be ready to leave West Germany on 72 hours’ notice in the event of the Cyprian situation worsening. has underlined the seriousness of the situation.

Some Britons are arguing that the nation should reduce its world- wide commitments: others that the time has come to resume drafting young men into the army. The Government said last fall that it hoped to increase army strength to 180,000 by April 1. but doubts have been raised that this figure will be reached.

Defense department. spokesmen are reluctant to say how many troops are stationed in the various posts overseas. According to pub- lished reports. however. it is likely that aside from the 52.000 men in West Germany and the 6.000 in North Borneo‘. there are nearly 6,000 troops in the Singapore and Malaya area. 10.000" to 15.000 in the Aden area and between 4.000 and 6.000 in Cyprus.

There are it thousrind British troops in West Berlin. about a thous- and in British Guiana and about 2.000 in Kenya. Smaller units man outposts such as Swaziland. an en- clave in South Africa.

The 80.000 troops stationed in Great Britain include the import- ant Strategic Reseive of two in- fantry brigades and a parachute brigade totalling about 12,000 men. These readily mobile forces already have been called on to reinforce the British garrison on Cyprus.

Britain is said to be the only major NATO power lacking some form of compulsory military ser- vice. The last conscripts left the army last year. British public opin- ion opposes a peacetime draft; the1'efore such a step would involve the Government in sharp political repercussions. In any case. the whole question of the British Strategic Reserve is scheduled to come up in the House of Commons after Parliament reassemble: on Jan. 14.

EDITORIAL‘ NOTE

British Columbia has set an ex- ample In a ruling that seat belts must be installed on sll new cars sold in the province in 1964. Seat belts have been recommended by the National Safety Council as well as the American Medical Associa- tion. Records prove that the use of these belts savesfltves and re- duces injuries by one-third.

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EACH IN HIS OWN IMAGE

BIOLOGICAL PROGRAM Will Study Man's Future On Big Sccile

National Geographic News Bulletin

Man’; relationship to his en- vironnient has become so criti- cal a problem that food resourc- es and expanding population are causing world-wide concern.

lngists of many nations are mobilizin: to study man's place

in the world. and. hopefully. to .

enlarge available resources in order to ensure his future w e 1- re

They are planning an Interna- tional Ri0lOE!lf‘lTl Program. a massivie effort comparable the siiccessful International Geo- physical Year which explored the physical sciences

If all goes well. the IEP should be launched by I965. It may last. {ye to seven years. “

Biologists from between 30 and

60 nations are expected to partI- i

cipate under auspices of the In- ternational Council of Scientific Unions.

MAIN OBJECTTYES

The two main objectives of the TBP are to coordinate interna- tional research on the processes of producing food on land. in fresh water. and in the sea: and on man's ability to adapt to dif-

ferent environments. It Is ex- pected that valiiabie informa tion will be compiled on th e

world's existing and potential l'9F0llT‘f‘€S.

To keep the program within manageable bounds. the biolog- ists have agreed to limit It to urgently required biological re- search that. can be conducted only through international co-op- eration. They also have decided to channel their efforts towards

; the expansion of food resources.

rather than the controversial problem of population control.

Representatives of are now drawing plans for the program. These vi'i".I be submit- ted

in November. 1963. to the i

to.

3'

l3 nations i

1 meeting of the International ;Council of Scientific Unions in ienna.

<

i the cooperation of ne- , tlonal governments will re- l quired. the IBP is not an inter- ; government program. As with ’ IGY. it will be carried out by the scientists themselves. United States and the Soviet Un- ' ion are both represented on the * planning committee. iPRll\‘lITTVE SOCIETIES Studies on human adaptabil- ity will involve such factors as climate. altitude. terrain. diet. and social structure. Of partin- lar urgency will be the study of primitive groups— Australian ._ aborigines. African bushmen. and peoples of the high Himal- ayas—- whose way of life is un- _. dergolng rapid upheaval as cI-vil- i Ization advances. ‘ The essence of the 13!’. how- Iever. will be a world-wide as- sessment of the limitations o n

A sense of estrangement ef- ' . Commonwealth. As I new nations join. the feeling of ‘ "clubbiness" diminishes. ! One symptom of current in- fterie is the lack of Interest In in meeting of Commonwealth lprlme ministers. These confer- : ences. once regarded as a pana- ‘ use for all problems. are usua".ly ‘held at 18-month Intervals. but recent inquiries wealth correspondents h a v e drawn a blank in Whitehall. The last of the dozen or so meetings held since 1944 took place in London in September. 1962. end was characterized by

PUBLIC

FORUM

CO-OP HOUSING CASE

Sir:—— Recently we appealed before the committee of the Charlottetown Tax Appeal Board our 1963 property tax im- posed by the City of Charlotte- town. The Board's decision re- garding this appeal reached us by means of a newspaper report obviously released in such a manner as to leave the public with the impression that we have received many favours.

We say to the public and es peclally the citizens of Charlotte- town that too ten the aspira- tions and undertakings of the North River Co-operative Hous- ing groups have been presented to the public in such a way as to bring ridicule to a successful project. beneficial and praise- wnrthy In every respect. Th e handling of our tax appeal ll but another Instance.

Why the publicity? Why the reference to so-called favours allotted us by our alleged bene- factor the Council of the City of Charlottetown? Is the newspap- er the media by which the tax appeal Board announce their de- cision to those who appeal? If so. then we may conclude that ours was the only appeal placed before the Board as we do not recall any newspaper report of other appeals.

When the Charlottetown Coop Housing purchased the land now occupied by them. an agreement. was made with the City of Char- lottetown which In effect provid- ed that the Co-op Housing would erect sixty units. and that ser- vices would be supplied by the City of Charlottetown. This agreement was amended to al- low the Coup Housing to erect less than sixty homes but to‘oc- eupy only those lots serviceable by gravity.

This amendment. agreed to by the members of the Co-op Hoes- Ing. saved the City of Charlotte- town en initial Investment of sp- woisinsssly

I 4’

of erecting a pumping station plus the subsequent mainten- ance cost of a pumping station. The Co-op Housing groups in re- turn were forced to cut the lot frontage from 75 to 60 feet in order to accommodate all their members. The favour went to the land owners as the amend- ment of the City by-law gave them a bonus of an extra lot in every four.

war and water services were promised by the City of Charlottetown for September of

we were Informed that Installa- tion of the systems would not be commenced until the spring

1961. We consulted with the Council in an attempt to have

grant had been delayed and that in order for the City to begin in- stallation of the systems It would be necessary to borrow money which would result heavy Interest payment.

agreed to their

would begin in early spring. The

Installation was completed on e

temxarnry basis In September 1

I .

It is a little difficult to forget the hardships experienced by having to provide water from fire hydrants in order to have our homes plastered. of having to wade through waist htch snow in order to get to our work. Of vivid memory is the streets con- dition the spring and fall of 1961 and the spring of 1982. The hardships of these experiences could have been alleviated to a great extent had the City of Charlottetown acted in accord with their so often announced tbs

mo" m-

.a....

by Common- 1

1960. In November of that year 1

an expected clue. be deeply worrt . about British agricultural poll-

.blologlcal productivity imposed by climate. soil. physiczraphy and other factors.

Research stations would e establldhed in arctic. temperate. and tropic zones to obtain infor- mation on the ecology and pro ductlvity of fresh water 6 o m- munities—— streams. rivers. and lakes. IBP also will attempt to coordinate and supplement cur- rent investlgations In marine

biology.

Since it Is essential that simil- ar methods be employed thrniigh out the world to make possible proper comparison of results. I-BP will also include a program of training teclinologms and the standardization of techniques. Fellowships will be established to increase the number of train- ed biologists participating in IBP and to provide a basis for continuing the research which the program was designed to promote.

Commonwealth Problems

By Alan Harvey Canadian. Press Staff Writer

[some disagreements of view- .point. princlbaliy between Cau- ;ada and Britain.

Sixteen months have passed istnce then and there is little 1 likelihood ministers will get to '. gether again at least until 1966. 3 thus creating an unueua-liy long «break between conferences.

I ELECTION A FACTOR

u election. expected to sometime between May and 0c- tober. A conference before the election is htgily improbable and a meeting after it might take some months to arrange.

The Commonwealth. there- fore. is almost certain to break what some call "the DIefen- baker " — a reference to the part played by the former Canadian prime minister In sug- gesting that 18 months is about the right snaclng for Common- wealth perleys.

A-tart from electoral consid-

can ciston to seek closer links with

c European Common Market. thougt ultimately nullified by the Wrench veto. caused opposi- tion by the former Progressive

Zeetend particularly. with her overwhelming do on British markets for exports

cles which New Icelanders say and s loom: history of free entry of food products into Brit- etn.

INFLUX No HELP New Zeslmd Prime Minister Keith Hotyoeke, masking of a weakening in the Common- wo-ltti eesoctetion. has said lnnux of new mesh . bringing current membership of once-e ve club to 10.

has not 11

0lwtously- the former tent is field to preserve. The "old Commonwealth" of Can-

sda.\New zsalsnd. ‘Australia and Britain. with the best of infections. may have little af- ftnlty with some of the new Afri-

en s. 6 What's to In done? How can the Commonwealth live up to

Childhood Ringworm

By Dr. Theodore R. Velltolhl Can an adult contract the usual form of rlngwdrm of the scalp from I child: Yes. but this seldom happens. When it does the condition is likely to be of shorter duration th an In children.

The same cannot be said of another form of riugwor in (Tricliophyton tonsurans) that is prevalent in Mexico and is crossing the border into the southwestern p a rt of the Uni- tcd States. Adults are suscep- tible, even_ though It occurs more often in youngsters.

Ringworm of the scalp (tin la capltis) Is a significant public «health problem in many a of the world. It is prod u c e d by various forms of fungi and the most common type this country (M. audonlnll is con- fined mainly to city children. The disorder is highly conta- gious yet less than 1 per cent of our youngsters is infected at one time. This would suggest a natural immunity.

o adults excape this variety of ringworm? The oil glands of the scalp are thought to produce an anti - ringworm substance that discourages the growth of this fungi. ‘

Direct contact with the caus- ative organisms Is the easiest way to become infected. The role of the backs of theater a lid auditorium seats is well known. although somewhat exaggera- ted. other means of spread are contaminated hats and barber- shop instruments. Conditions associated with crowd in g and poor hygiene help transmit the infection.

Boys are infected 5 to 10 times more frequently than girls. as the spores reach the ac I l p more readily via short. hair.

Ringworm is suspected when- ever round or oval scaly areas appear on the scalp. The patcn Is partially bald with many stubby hairs. The borders of the lesions continue to enlarge as the centers heal. Slight itching is the only dlcomfort associated with this infection.

The involved hairs give off A bright, blue - green fluorescence when viewed under the Wood's light. Treatment should be started as soon as possible to cure and prevent spread of this Tl'Tl".3l disease. \’f:m_v physicians prescribe griseofulvin by mouth

for this rmrpose. BUNION OPERATION

Mrs. K. D. writes: I was told by a doctor when I was 30 years old that I ought to have my bu- ninns removed before age 50. I am now 42 and these bu nions bother me terribly. What are the chances for good results?

REPLY

The operation is successful when performed by a compe- tent surgeon.

CAUSE UNKNOWN

B.D. writes: Is sarcoldosls of the lungs and glands in r a r e disease?

REPLY

No. It Is found all over the world. especially In rural areas. and is 15 times more prevalent in Negroes than In whites. It is an inflammatory disease that produces tumor - like lesions throughout the body. The ca use is a mystery.

. . . What would cause emphysema in e 10 -year- old? Bot lungs are affected.

REPLY

An Intrinsic -tissue weakness may be responsible as the vast majority of victims of this dis- ease are men over 50, with bronchitis. who have been heavy smokers.

COBALT FOR CANCER

H. writes: How does the co-

balt bomb work on lung can-

cer? REPLY

It gives off rays that kill can- cer cells. ' '!'odey’s flealtti Hint-