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PAGE 4 THURS. ocroafit 22. 1964.

Canada Vitally Concerned ‘ Addressing a Canadian Export Association convention at Monte- hello. Quebec. this week. Trade and Commerce Minister Mitchell Sharp again look the Opportunity of stressing the importance of the coming “Kennedy round" of trade negotiations at Geneva. There was. he said. a greater basic. realization in Canada than ever before of the policies which must be followed in pursuit of our national economic objectives.

The Canadian tariffs and trade committee. set up to do the prepar- atory work. has now pretty well completed its initial task of receiv- ing briefs and conducting consul- tations with various Canadian in- terests. It has been going non-slop all summer.

Mr. Sharp again stressed that the present crisis in the negotia- tions focuses principally on the. place of agriculture. “We have yet to see clear evidence." he said. “that the European Economic Commun- ity is prepared to accommodate its Common Agricultural Policy for the export requirements of the major agricultural producers.” For Can— ada. with something like 30 per cent. of its exports made up of farm products. this is a very important matter. If the negotiations failed on this point. they “could not be re- garded as a real success."

At this stage. the minister would not care to predict the final out- come. But he felt. that the meet- ing promises to be the most far- reaching of its kind ever attempted. In prospect are substantial across- fhe-board reductions in the tariffs of our major trading partners—the United States. Britain. the EEG and Japan. Non-tariff barriers as well as tariffs are to be placed on the block.

The intensive phast= of negotia- tions will be getting under way next month. For Canada. the prize is ‘clearly deserving of a. major effort. and this is what Mr. Sharp pledged his department to make.

Sober Second Thoughts

A number of newspapers across the country are begining to express second thoughts about the commit- tee study which has been launched to rewrite Canada’s constitution. The terms of reference for the study were established at. last week's fed- eral-provincial conference. and these were so wide as to leave doubt about the ability of the federal govern- ment. to withstand provincial pres— sures that would involve a signifi- cant shift in the whole system of federal taxation and budgeting.

The formula of procedure was an- nounced as having been concurred in unanimously at last, week's con- ference. But it is recalled that a similar communique was issued af- ter the April Conference. which among other things touched upon the proposed Canada Pension Plan and forecast plans for setting up a tax structure committee. Later Premier Lesage expressed his dis- approval and there was a flurry of ih‘ivate negotiations between Prime minister Pearson and the Quebec Epremier which resulted in a pack- deal that later gained the ap- proval of other premiers. This 'déal granted considerable tax con- cessions to the provinces and made ibuic changes in the pension plan.

‘ These changes, as noted by the 'Toronto Globe and Mail. took place in secrecy entirely outside the ac- ceptable democratic forms of th e WI and Parliament. Last “ week’s conference proceeded in the

.4&._:’_'——" <

i

l

came secrecy. and m no m by another conference of the Prime Minister and premiers, where again I decisions will be made behind clos- ed doors. The public will know nothing but what. it is told in unan- imous communiques (which may turn out to be as un-unanimous as that of April) or what is leaked by particular individuals for their par- ticular purposes.

The results will go to the Legis- latures and Parliament for rubber stamping; for only the New Dem- ocratic Party, which alone holds power in no province. will be so free of entanglement at the secret con- fcrcnccs as to be able to function as an honest opposition.

"Canada," argues our Toronto contemporary. “is supposed to be a democracy. but these are not democratic proceedings. If the present strains upon Confederation make if necessary for there to be much federal-provincial consultation and even decision. then these con- sultations should at least be open to press and public. so that the wheel- ing and dealing. the threats and the compromises may be known to and judged by the governed."

It is the duty of a free press to alert the public to dangers of this kind. There are real threats to democracy in the present method of operation. and it is to be hoped our government leaders will see them before it is loo lllf‘.

lnopporiune Time

Washington has reportedly made one concession lo the new Soviet leaders—and to United Nations realities—during the past week. It will be “open minded" about the idea of postponing the opening of lhe UN General Assembly.

The Assembly has been due to open just a week after the Ameri- can election with an immediate head-on clash between Moscow and Washington over finances. A maj- ority of nations would like to put off such a collision. The shakeup in Moscow provides a legitimate rea- son for Washington to agree to such a delay and possibly further talks. The new era of Soviet-American re- lations would thus not. begin im- mediately with a major clash.

In addition. the fact that China has exploded an atomic device and is on the way to acquiring weapons capability makes its exclusion from the United Nations more impractic- able than ever. Washington may want time to reconsider its position on this matter.

In any case the Assembly ses- sion. when it meets. may well prove to be the most important and the most precarious since the organiz- ation was lanched in 1945. If a post- ponement could lessen the tensions which threaten to cause so much trouble at this time. it would be to the advantage of all concerned.

Out Of The Picture

Among the speakers at the APEC conference here this week was Mr. W. J. Lavigne, commission- er of the area development agency of the federal department. of in- dustry and defense production who reported on the encouraging pro- mise shown as a result of the in- centive program in 35 “designated areas” across the country. More than 124 plant... which provide em- ployment for more than 12,000 workers. have been built as a re- sult of the program. ,

The incentives. Mr. Lavigue said. have encouraged many companies to take expansion programs “off the shelf“ and put. them to work.

News of progress of this kind in any part of Canada is to be we]- corned. It serves as an unhappy re- minder. however. of the fact that this province was completely ignor- ed in the designation of the areas entitled to take advantage of this in- centive program. It is APEC’c con- tention. we believe. that. the whole Atlantic area should be so designat- ed. In any case. we have never been able to account for the discrimin- ation that. was practiced to our dis- advantage here.

EDITORIAL NOTE

Yet another federal government department has been suggested by Reid Scott. NDP member of parlia- ment for Toronto-Danforth. Mr. Scott thinks that for the protection of the public, there should be a de- partment of consumer affairs. with a full-time minister riding herd on the people who sell goods and ser- vices.

“THAT’S JUST THE TROUBLE, BARRY” l

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l

OTTAWA REPORT By Patrick Nicholson Reports Hopefully On Budget Prospects

“Positive and

l few years.“ says Minister Walter Gordon. “With this approach. and providing We manage our affairs wlh‘l skill and boldness. there is a tremen- dous future ahead of us in which all Canadians. of all national backgrounds, will have a chance in share." ’

Mr. Gordon was speaking lo the lZili annual forum of the Marketing Association of Can- ada: his subject was "The Eco- nomy - what has gone right?"

Describin: the present stretched boom. he said that lie Gross Nalional Product in-

creased by 6.6 per cent in 1963 . e previous year. and he‘ 964 we will re- l

forecast that in cord an even larger increase of 8 per cent. over last year.

“This means." he said. "that:

the deficit. of the federal govern- ment should be appreciably less

than the amount forecast in my .

budget speech last March."

MANY DEFICITS The fcderal governmcnl has been opt-rating in the red since

expansionary - policies will be called for in the . Finance ‘

Olll- ‘

1957. in five of the srx Diefen- bakcr years. the deficit exceed- ed that in any previous year of pcuce. hitting a peak $791,- ‘

021.950 in the year, 1961-62. For 19

lhe year 1963-64, Mr. Gordon re- ported a deficil of "about $685 million" when he introduced his , budget on March 16 last. And he . estimated that for the current: year the deficit would be $400' million.

That cstimali= was based on. a predicth growth of 512 per: cent in our Gross National Pro- ‘ duct. Bill in fact it is running ‘ above that prediction. This col- umn some time ado suggested; that. .our booming economy is yielding an increased tax reven- ue, so that when life final figures i are lofted up. Mr. ‘ b

i ordon may i

e found to have been on the

million. This still looks like a reasonable estimate.

The mosl‘lmmediale effect of I. this year‘s increased growth rate ;

is of course the reduction in un- } employment. 218.000 Canadians ‘

were out of work last month;

the fiscal year ended March 31. this was 32.000 lower than at." Techniques Of Sellin

Guelph ‘Vlercury g

Modern merchandis in g is ' establishing some brands as continue 1 l y cndeavoring to favorites and when coupled;

determine the buying points of customers to have them purch- ase other than what they came in in get or in excess of their wants.

When rationing was on. many people purchased articles they

did not want. and were not accus- .

tumor] to purchase. Today some .

larger merchants have psycho- logists working to figure out ways for increasing sales.

Why should articles that tail for 19 cents each cell bei- ier when labelled three for 57 cents They do. A cent reduci- ion on multiple sales. like four for 75 cents. also is an induce-

T'P-

menl. Articles al eye level sell hel- ier than then placed either

i

iolher and coupled again

above or below and so articles 1

which must be purchased are given the poorer locations. Good packaging and attractive labels

do their share in inducing sales. .

They have acted as tools for

with quality they produce win-§ ners. .

Some stores become favorites ‘ for shoppers and is often be attributed to clerks. The personal i i y ; likeability of the personnel coupled with quality and ser- vice given can do a great. deal for sales.

Turn. of course there is doped. dabilily. ese factors focus on lhe. appeal that one store can develop over an- with display and advertising you have the tools for success.

The secret of sales and profit is so bonded with a multiplicity of ideas that the merchandiser must be continually studying and developing ideas for lest- ing. What works well this week loses its effectiveness next week and new strategy must ‘ always be on the drawing board.

'3 ll 3

Lifetime Job Security

New York Times

The heightened concern over?

job security stirred by automa- tion has brought a campaign by the United Steelworkers of Am- erica for "complete career se- curity" for its more than 1,000.-

In just after World Wrr II, when the concept of industry-financ- ed pension and welf re grams spread through the coun- tr

y. Since then the introduction of

supplemental unemployment compensation and short-week benefits has further reduced in-

come uncertainly for the hourly

a real sense lhe drive began l s

r t l l i

re . A parallel trend haI develop...

ed toward assurances that changing technology will not loll regular employes out of their

0 I.

At Kaiser Steel and on the West Coast waterfront. the la- hor savings made possible by automation are effected through normal turnover. with no forc- ed layoffI.

Limited fin-ms of such' pro- tection are now becoming Ilen- dIrd on the railroads.

Security to flu been en- hInccd by substantial moves toward industrial ubbltic and inducements to early firemen: in the form of augment- ed pensions.

All these developments . added to the stability and dignity of bluecollat work and ve I!- oo out minutiae lo lm- onument in efficiency.

i

l

l

t

l l I

_ ipaooenger trains rave .

3, plant. especially if union “‘0' t mands erase its profit margins. i l The other is that all such pm

But two important limitations on the quest for "complete car- , eer security" require nole. l One is that the survival of l jobs depends on the survival of

companies. Guarantees nught be supplied by a United tales Steel may have little worth in a tiny steel fabricating de-

fective arrangements are con- fined in those who have jobs: they do nothing for those who giant them, but cannot find e .

Indeed, to the extent ouch plans

l h I t saddle employers such plans saddle employers with I heavy impact of fringe commitments whenever I new worker is laken on. they serve as an incentive for faster Iulo— mation and for greater use of overtime to hold down the work force.

The soundesl road in lolal se- curlly for all workers lies in I full-employment omy. and we no Illll making snail-like progress toward that goal.

OTTAWA (CPI—The board of transport commissioners bu di- reeled lie CPR fodder ilI pro- posed reduction in frequency of running be- lhbrldge and

ween Calgary. be

Medicine Hat pending I hear- ing.. A clued as! of the board Tuesday ltd mu m the Mac“

‘ mlC

pessimistic side by some $250;

. glands.

the same time last year. and re-

presented 3.1 per cent of the la-

bour force. the lowest rate for

Sepstcmber in any year since i) .

FALTERING FIFTIES The spring board from which our economy took off for this upward surge was life devalua- . lion of the external value of the i dollar. Mr. Gordon explained. 1 "Following the great post-war 1 expansion which culminated in the mid-fifties. the Canadian : economy fell into a sluggish per- ‘ iod for about five years.“ the ‘ Minister said. “The high prem- ium or our dollar that prevail- ‘ ed during this period of cconoa ' recession was. of course. one of the main contributing l causes of the difficulties that" then confronted Canada." ; l the Diefenbaker Cabinel‘ was slow to understand this.1 and failed to lake corrective ac- tion as early as it. should have.

“By mid-1961. this was realiz- ed by the authorities. but the methods taken to correct the;

situation led to the exchange crl- i‘ sis and the forced devaluation of the dollar." he added. .

“ p lhc commotion and ‘ disturbance resulting from this 1 financial crisis. the Canadian l economy. as had been redicf-i

. responded in the stimulus of} a lower value for the dollar." l T'ie interesting question which i must shortly be answered ls whe- . er Canada‘s presenl boom will lead to an lnlcrnafion- l al demand that we restore our i ollar to parity with that of ‘ U.S.A. This has not yet been gi‘ ‘

economic l m

Vaccination And Reaction

fly Dr. More R. VIIDOIIOI

A Chicagoan writes: “What Ire the reactions to I Imellpox vaccination?" There are good and bad ones. Typical “hire” is good because it means the vaccine has immunized the susceptible person. A small teardrop type blister appears on I red base approximately four or five days after vaccination. The lesion increases in size until. during the next few days. the glands in the arm p i 1 enlarge and become lender and fever occurs. In time. a cruel forms that may last several weeks before disappearing.

The accelerated reaction oc- curs in a person who is parlia- lly immune because of vaccin- ation some year previously. The site becomes red on the second day. A am all blister forms a few day later but. un- like lhe primary “lake.” the vesicle does not enlarge I the reaction subsides 6111' the second week.

A third reaction (immediate) appears in those who were su- ccessfully vaccinated S 0 me months previously. Redness appears within three days

recedes rapidly. Anyone

n in:

and ‘ who fails to show one of these tresponses is not

immune to smallpox. It indicates a failure of the procedure. usually due to outdated vaccine. Promp. revaccination is needed. Adverse reactions develop

' occasionally. The most common =is a secondary infection

in a vaccination lesion due or illi-

normal lo neglect. scratching.

l lation. Infants with eczema may

have a severe generalized re- action from the vaccination (eczema vaccinaiuml. Blist- ers form on the affected skin and other areas.wiih fever and enlargement of the lymph Hyperimmune human gamma globulin is the best re- medy for this reaction.

S ome individuals develop crops of pox - like lesions over the entire body between the ninth and 14th day after vacci- nation. The cause of this general- ized vaccinia is not known. ex- cept that some of lhe smale o x

1 viruses get into the blood stream. ; Now and

then encephalitis nsues 10 days to two weeks

e after the height of lhe vaccinat-

ion recalion. Rarely. other neurological reactions at r e noted.

Vaccination is worth the risk of a bad reaction. In addition. we don't want to go back lo the era when smallpox killed or scarred the inhabitants of large areas of the world. ..

FATTY DEPOSTIS

P. M. writes: Has any eff- ective way been found to relieve Dercum‘s disease?

REPLY No. In lhis condition. adipos- is dolorosa. numerous faitv tumors develop under the skin. They are tender to lhe touch and occasionally become pain- ful. Removal of the tumors is not practical unless only a few are present. PNEUMONIA 'BACILLI H. D. writes: Is the Friedlan- dcr bacillus a new germ? What does it cause'.‘ REPLY No. It was discovered in 1882 and named after Carl Friedlan- er. The organism is responsi- ble for some types of respirat- ory infections. including pneu-

. All correspondence to VanDellen should be ad- dressed lo: Dr. Theodore Van-

l

. 4...- 8 _ ___e.

Presiden’rnJoh

Can

The United Slater promptly liII extended lie policy of nu clear deterrence to Soulheul Ada following ChlnI‘a first nu- clear feat.

I Icems implicit in I pledge by President Johnson to non - nuclear nation: of support IgIlnIl any "blackmail." it is being engulfed.

Such lupport parallels the nu- cleIr deterrence theory ac- cepted by RuIIiI in peaceful coexistence.

The pledge was one of four out: of I magi-em. Innunclated. in I Sunday broadcast to the U.S. world, regarding what the preIldent called the "lawn of Lop Nor." Lop Nor was the Iile of the Chinese test.

He cold the lemon 1: the haz- ard to the world from nucleu- spread. But the U.S. pledge I! also aimed It shoring up any

fear among U.S. like: in SoutheIIt AIlI. ' Johnson Slld this: “The nI~

time that do not seek national nuclear weapon an be Iure that if they need our strong support against Iome threat of blackmail. they will have it." CALLS T0 CHINA

Linked Willi that pledge. he laid. lI U.S. delermlnation to continue support for the lim~ lied test-ban treaty signed by he U.S.. Russia and Britain. He singled out. China in a call for nations lo join the treaty. France had been the only nu- clear power outside il.

Also specified by the presi~ dent were. efforts to extend lne

p

ban to all nuclear tests includ- ing those underground. He is. believed to have had about a dozen nations in mind in mak-

nson’s Pledge

Arch Mums Prcu sun Writer

in his guarantee on support IinnIl blackmall. but particu- larly IndiI.

No country has been more Ip- prehensive about Chinese nu- clear grow-lb in view of the un- easy peace existing on the northern frontier. As well. the Chinese lest coincided with tne removal of Nikita Khrulhchev, who had aligned Russia on In- dla's side against China and

friend in other ways.

The U.S. is anxioul lo head off any Indian decision to throw itself into the nuclear league loo.

MUFFLES IMPACT

While the president line em- flashed the dangers of nuclear spiced—“what if there choud come to be 10 nuclear powers. r 20?"—Iome observerI feel that the U.S. haI been working hard and with some succeu to muffle the general impact of ChinI'I nu echr accomplleh- meal.

For example. there have been numerous prediction lhIl the first test wasn’t far away. II recently as Sepl. 29 by Slain Secretary Dean Rusk.

That robbed the actual blast of I lot of its surprise element. The president and others also have underlined lhe argument lhal a great gap exists between first tastings and weapon. not to mention building up stockpiles of such weapons or effective systems for trans- porting ihem lo largels.

In any event. it is stressed. U.S. nuclear capacity would

'continue to maintain its wide

lead over China.

Help For Latin America

Milwaukee

Representatives of some 50 large banks and industrial firms from 12 nations outside of Latin America are joining to invest in that area and to stimulate other investment. The aim is to help stabilize lhe political situation and improve tile economy.

The group calls itself lhe AD- ELA Investment Co. Its stock- holders come from the United States. Japan. Canada and west- ern Europe. Among them are Standard Oil of New Jersey. Ford. IBM. the First National City Bank. the Swiss Bank Corp. Wasl Germany‘s Deuisc- he Bank and others. About $15.5,

Journal

tions it will induce others to work for stability to get their share outside capital.

It is a hopeful program. for it is privately financed in the main and if Latin America real- ly is in grow economically it must be done largely through private money. Governments can encourage development by their own investments and pro- jects but. as the eastern world has shown. really significant de- velopmenl that brings constant- ly rising standards of living in free societies requires private initiative.

million is to be put up and the; hope is to raise it to $20 million ; by the end of the year. lnvcslfi ment is expected lo be in joint ventures to stimulate local cap- ilal to go to work. The World. Bank's lnlernationai Finance- Corp. and he lnler- American‘ Development Bank. ii is hoped.1 will also provide investment fl- nanclng.

Early projects will no info: countries which are stable now. —Colombia. for example. is L0! get help with a steel forging plant. The hope is that as in-‘ veslment grows in stable na-;

ASK PENSION INCREASE

OTTAWA (CPl—The govern. menl was asked Wednesday lot increase periodically the pen- sions of retired civil servants bring tiliem in line with higher living costs. The Civil| rvice Federation said in at brief to Prime Minister Pear- son and Finance Minister Gar-i don that present pensions havei lost much of their worth be-l

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