f PAGEFOUR A ._ I promoter-recovers GUARDIAN" . _ . * =‘I'lIE GIIARLOTTETOWN GUARDIAN Notes ByThe Way ' tilts: The Navy 10o V 3i ' —' ‘W? Years Ago

President-W. Cheater s. leLIro. Ileo-PnaIdaab-J- B. Band's cums‘. "u", ‘ab; u 5 101-11114- hmmku"t' o“ n’ L ,a'o':o‘ei::=°:oi:oi'-'1g'm Currie. able one. It had been built up 1mm to year both before and since of By lame: W. Barton. M.D

lditol and Ianagar—.l. B. Barnett.

Confederation. The Government of Canada before the Union had usist- ed various railway wmlillli“ bi’ 3W‘ sidlas, but owned none outright. Th6 British North America Act called 101' the knmediate construction of the Intercolonial Railway to connect the

(‘Taffra-fl" in the London Spectator) Itisrarotofindaseamanonflie lower-deck of a man-of-war a cen- tury ago sufficiently articulate to write a book on his experiences. Many of those than serving could neither read noi- wi-iu. John Bechervalse. i

hi.“ pa: you (In advance) mall-Cd In Canada and llllkd ltatu. Hernia; Dally (founded roar) time our you (in advance) delivers!-

MONDAY, OCTOBER 14, 1929

THE NEW THOUGHT OI‘ HEART ' DISEASE

_ States. The Hon. W. D. Euler, Min-

gsary and inexpedienr, to prevent

. bar ofmulkrat farms in operation in

MB. IULER BEPUDIATED.

_____¢

Latest reports from Ottawa indi- cate that trouble is brewing in the King Cabinet on the vexed question of tho p. vention oi clearance papers for export of liquor to the United

ister of National Revenue, is on the point of revolt. His (‘ontention all dong, both in Parliament, and through the press, was that it was unneces-

liquor clearances and that until the officials of the enforcement organiza- tion in the United States bestirred themselves to prevent landing of liquor from Canada. the matter did not require very serious considera- tion. As head of a responsible de- poxhient in the Government his afltemento were accepted as official. No sooner had Mr. Euler left for Eng- land. however, than the Prime Min- ister assumed an attitude entirely op- posed w on... his Minister of Revenue on the question and began laying the foundation for undermin- ing the latter‘: opinions. Mr. King's evident intention was to accomplish his end by Order-in-Councll. The matter was referred to the Minister of Justice who gave it as his opinion that prevention of export could only be done by Parliament.

After Mr. Euler's return to Canada and beforq his arrival at QHAZWILPN- mier King announced the decision oi the Minister of Justice, implying at the some time that as the Govern- ment as a whole favored the princi- ple, he would introduce a bill putting it into effect. Mr. Euler, naturally, is up in arms. He blames the Toronto Globe, the Manitoba. Free Press and the Ottawa Citizen for this volte face on the part of his colleagues. These papers have been hammering at the Government for months past on the subject, and in his endeavor to run with the fox and ride with the hounds the Prime Minister has succeeded in

‘latisfying nobody.

‘rhe country is now waiting to sec what Mr. Euler purposes to do. 1's he content to have his attitude repudi- ated by the Government and to re- main in the Cabinet as a figure head? If so. he should also be obliged to remain silent as well, since the state- ments of a Cabinet Minister having no authority to speak for his Depart- ment can only lead to confusion and embarrassment to himself and the administration. Mr. Euler, however, has not always thus tamely submit- ted to being ignored. l-le may get real mad this time and take the bit in his teeth. The Toronto Saturday Night blurts out that "if Mr. Euler had any guts he would resign." And that may be precisely what Mr. Euler is thinking himself.

MUSKRAT FARMING.

pelts sold oi! farms increased from $896 in i926 to 88.564 in i927. while the value oi live muskrats sold oi! farms increased in the same period from $3,873 to Sdllili-an indication that the industry is becoming recog- nized as a. profitable sideline. The ayerage value per skin increased from $1.54 in; 1926 to $1.88 in 1927. A: much as $3.25 has been paid for high grade pelts at Canadian fur auctions during the past six years.

Canada, owing to climatic and other favorable conditions. is said to be particularly adapted for the pro- duction of high quality muskrat and -, asses as well thousands of acres oi marsh and other more or less un- productive areas on which they may be propagated. The development of these areas for the propagation of rnuskrat would no doubt provide a whole or part time occupation for many persons, and materially in- crease the production and value of Canada's muskrat resources.

GLOBULAR MAPS

A Winnipeg educationailst recently made a speech urging school author- ities to put aside flat maps of Merca- tor's Projection and substitute there- for pictorially correct globular maps of the world. Here is a Reform, sug- gests an exchange, which can be car- ried out without injuring anyone, and at little cost. Canadians who live in the northern half of the nor- them hemisphere, it is alleged, are victims oi the pictorial faults of the geographer. Mercatofa Projection, so far as Northern Canada. is con- cerned. may be scientifically accur- ate, but gives a. picture which mis- represents. The rial, map. where the spherical form of the earth must be disregarded, is no more correct than a bearskln rug flattened out on the floor is a correct map oi a bear.

Flat maps show to the eye an im- mense expanse of ocean in the north Pacific which is not there. If the Graf Zeppelin or the airplane Land oi the Soviets new by a map oi a fiat world their navigators would pre- pare to carry an added load of fuel for travelling hundreds of extra rnilea.

The earth. being a sphere flatten- ed slightly at the poles, a person set- ting out from Vancouver, B.C., for vlodlvostock in Asia, does not sail out clue west across the Pacific, but starts north and performs a. circle by way oi the coast oi Alaska and Aleu- tian Islands. Much air travel from United States and Canada to Asia is likely to be along that route. Much air travel from Chicago, Cleveland and certain other eastern cities to Europe will be carried north and east partly over Canadian soil.

In these clays of closer communi- cation throughout the world by air, water and land transport, wireless and cable. a useful article for every

i The increased demand for muskrat pelts. the consequent rise in price-ii and the marked increase in the nat-‘i ural supply have caused in- ‘ creasing interest and widespread de- mand for information as to the; economic possibilities of raising this? fur-bearer. To meet this demand and to increase the valuq, of Canada's musket resources, the Department of the Interior, Ottawa, through its Natural Resources Intelligence Ser- _vioe, has prepared and issued apub- Iiication entitled "The Muskrat Fur ‘Resour-ce." The purpose of the in- formation contained in this booklet il te make possible a wider know- ledge of the essentials necessary for ‘raising muskrat under ooiih-ol either in their natural habitat or in pens. A marked decrease in pelt produc- tion was recorded in 1926-27, the last. mi- i..." which complete ofllciai no- urea an obtainable. It h encourag- tench. howstor, that the num-

dpsiiiaiaqeuesnomiovinimlo

business ofiioe is a globe of the type familiar in classrooms. Indeed, a miniature globe might well be consid- ered as a necessary part oi the equip- ment oi the Canadian student.

5 EDITORIAL NOTES

Passengers travelling by‘ aeroplane over the English Channel ran into a new peril in the form of an immense

ful work at the controls of the mach- ine averted catastrophef

‘The work oi preparing the Enl- iish poet Gay's celebrated master- piece. "The Beggar's Opera," as a "talkie," has been commenced by a British film company at Wembly. The London Times announces that there will be 28 sets. including old Ncwgate Prison, the Fleet Priaonl old London Bridge, and Tyburn. while appropriate spots have also been discovered for exterior iconea such as the holding up oi eh; stage

giifiaittdhm also armin-

iierof-fm-fI-ailandmim

s,

hoine amused. and coir musical in- stalments of the period are to be Pll~l1lfl£4¢t Nil-

o

c ‘ .

walerspout extending from the cloud: I to the sea. Only vigorous and akil-'

ooocii. a special musical letting o‘

Maritime Provinces with the Grand Trunk Railway at River du Loup. Each of the three Maritime Pro- vinces as they came into tho 11111011 had a government Railway oi its own. These lines were taken over bY-ihe Federal Government. For years after- wards there were yearly deficits in the operation of mese lilies and they were added to the debt of Canada. The Maritime lilies had to be connected with each other and branch lines were built by the subsidised oom- panles for their extension.

A subsidy of 25 millions and a vast land grant was given i0 the Canadian Pacific Railway Company at the be- ginning. It has proved to be one oi the greatest and most succesful rail- way enterprises in the world, and its splendid steamship service to 811 the principal world ports, north, south. east, and west has rendered untold benefits to Canada.

The time came ‘in more recent years when other company railways, involved in ddbts and deficits, had to be taken over by the Dominion Gov- ernment to save our internal trans- portation lines from financial dis- aster, and in the crisis the Grand Trunk Railway, the Grand Trunk Pacific and the Canadian Northern company lines were taken over and incorporated in the Canadaian Na- tional system. It was the only way out of a‘ very serious situation.

Sir Henry" ‘Thornton and his as-

sociated directors have admittedly done a great work in building up, con- solidating and extending the great Railway system under their control, and free from the political interfer- ence of frequently changing govern- ments. It was to be expected that there would be heavy deficits in the operation of the National system dur- ing the first few years, and this prov- ed to be true, but the deficits have been steadily reduced from year to year. - Sir Henry Thornton has recently foreshadowed an undefined scheme of reducing the capitalisation of the National Railway system. No intima- tion has yet been publicly made of the extent of the intended reduction. When this is made known the ex- parts in high finance will discuss the merits of the plan. But this much is clear reduction of the railway capitalisation will not relieve the Government or the people of Canada of the burden of the railway debt, which now runs beyond the two billion mark.

We have the National Railway as a great and valuable national asset. Fur- ther borrowings must yet be Made to complete and equip the extension to Hudson Bay, Peace River and so on, for a railway system is never finish- ed. Bome day in the distant future the system may pay a very modest share oi the interest on its cost out oi its earnings, but for every dollar of the old debt and the new the Dominion is liable either directly on its own account, or as an indorser for the National Railway company. The fic- tion of reducing capitalisation can make no difference in regard to that.

The political battle in Ontario goes on. Premier Ferguson in a speech in his own constituency, somewhat boastingly, said he could not be beat- en, and his opponents admit. that he is a very hard man to beat. Few if any of the opposition claim that vic- tory will perch upon their banners, but they do hope to diminish the very large majority which the Conserva- tive party had in the late House. This seems to be probable, but elections are always uncertain. We shall know more about it three weeks hence.

Premier, MacKenaie King is going

Notwithstanding the fact that heart disease carries on more individuals than any other one ailment, the out- look for these patients is better than at anyl previous time.

In former days a heart murmur was sumcient to cause rejection for life insurance and even during the last WB-r United States and Canadian re- crults, with a heart murmur, were not allowed to do front line duty,

Now the murmur that is found most frequently and that was consid- ered most ‘important’, is regarded as due for the most part to the tem- porary weakness in the muscle wall of the heart, and not to any trouble or ‘leak’ in one oi the valves of the heart. '

Nowadays our research men, though acknowledging .the importance of some murmursas indies" v a leak of certain valves, nevertheless place most emphasis on the condition of the heart muscle.

The idea now is to try and estimate the exact working ability of the mug. cie in its present condition, and what the condition is likely to be in nve, ten, or twenty years.

Accordingly the ability of the heart to do a certain amount of work without Sieatly increasing the num- ber of its beats, and its ability to re- tuxnto its nonnal rate of beating in one of two minutes is carefully esti- mated, Then tlie apparatus known as the electro-cardiograph, shows the

exact power of the heart as it con- tracts upon its‘ chambers and drives the blood through one tube into the lungs, and through another tube to all the other parts of the body. '

From these examinations the phy- sician endeavors to estimate not only how long the patient is likely to live, but also just how much work he can do," what sort of occupation he can fill, and what kind of activities whe- ther physical or mental, he can wise- ly be allowed to follow." ‘

Of course where the heart is really in bad shape it means that the pat- ient must have absolute rest, in fact be an invalid, or he may die sud. denly. _ '

Fortunately the majority or these cases do not have to give up Qvefy- thins and remain at home in bed. but are able to take up some line oi work which will not put too great a tax on the heart. This means also that their mental condition, because they are able to fill some place in the world, will be normal or healthy.

BLACKBIRD

He comes on chosen evenings, My blackbird bountiful, and sings Over the gardens of the town Just at the hour the sun goes down. His flight across the chimneys thick, By some divine arithmetic, Comes to his cus y stack, And couches there his plumage black. And there he lifts his yellow bill. Klndled against the sunset, till These suburbs are like dymock woods Where music has her solitudes, ' And while he mocks the winter's wrong ‘ Rapt on his pinnacle of song, Figured above our garden plots Those are celestial chimney-pots. --John Drinkwater.

THE LAND WE LOVE By FRANK YEIGII

west to hold a series of “ in

each of the four provinces beyond the

lakes. iHe sees the need of looking

after his fences out there. Mr. Ben-

nett, Conservative leader, has, been

ahead oi him in British Columbia and

ldently impressed the electors in favor of the principles and policies he laid before them.

In Saskatchewan, where both Mr.

King and Mr. Dunning hold their Parliamentary seats things have not been going to suit those giant states- men of.the Liberal party. Out. there’ a Liberal Provincial Government oi long standing has been de- feated and the Anderson Government which is mainly of Conservatives timber firmly in- stalled in its place. so complete was the Liberal defeat that all the mem- bers oi the now Administration were re-electod by aociamation. Yes, Pre- miorlinghasnood tolook after-his western defences. ~

the ‘eifiplabisoito in Nova Jcotia on? giiquor question is

lilfiaiflil

tiureasberetiioro

~wwse

PEACE IIVIB RAILWAY!

Q. What railways enter the Peace River District?

A. Three railway lines now enter the Peace River District, the Edmon- ton Dunvegan and British Columbia Railway, the Central Canada nail- way, the Alberta and Great Water- wfls Railway." and the Pembina Vai- iey Railway, a total of approximately eds miles, and will now be known as the Northern Alberta Railways under the ioint ownership of‘ the Canadian National and Canadian Paoiilo Rail- ways. Theseroadsailiiein tbanorth- urn area of the province, atraiehing up north-mot and north-salt to serve a vast region whose natural wealth is only cominl to be ade- quately appreciated and “PM the oa- ploitation or which a men commence- ment has been made. W

tovoteiorplphibitionandeontiii. drinkingaridtreatingtiif '

beformThers arernany 2 hibltion supporters, and an malty

however. was a man of superior edu- cation Hailing from Jersey he joined the navy after some years in the Mercantile Marine,“ though, as he himself remarks. “Of all the places most dreaded by seamen in the mar- chant service, a ship of war is the worst." His bwk, Thirty-Six Years of a seafaring Life, was Published in i830 and is now something of a rarity, moat of the editions having been privately subscribed. On the fly-leaf of I w?! in the Admiralty Library there appears in his own handwriting, "The last but one of i002, presented as a tribute of sincere respect to Lieutenant Richd. Moor-man by, may I say, his humble friend. the Author." Owing to his previous sea experi- ence Bechervaise joined as a petty officer. His bay, according to a con- temporary Navy List, would have been £2 12s. a month, and his rations‘ practically the same as those which obtained in the Service until the early years of the present century. 'i‘he daily allowance per man in 1828 was: bread, 1 1b.; beer, 1 gallon, or i4 pint of spirits instead; ‘cocoa, 1 ounce; sugar, 1% ounces; fresh meatrl 1b.: "Betables, 1.5 1b.; tea. i4 ounce. At sea. biscuit was issued instead of soft bread, while % lb. of salt beef with ‘ii

same quantity of salt pork and it pint of peas. Oatmeal, raisins and currents

tobacco at the rate of 1 and 2 lbs. POX‘: month respectively.

111011811 uniform for the seamen was not officially adopted until 1351' their dress was practi "y standard- ized-thirty years, before, the men piovldins their own clothing from the stock kept on board by the purser. Bechervaise, however, mentions a gratuitous issue of clothing to the crew oi a ship which was going round Cape Horn. The cloth, he says, was excellent, but the sewing bad, all the

it!!!" ‘ilevlns to be redone.

His first ship carried nearly 700 men. some of whom bore the worst possible characters. She was not "a comfortable vysel," though any“. joycd the reputation of being the smartest then in commission. The. first lieutenant, a thoroughbred tar of the old school, was o. strict discipun. arian, with an eye "cast on all aides."

with the regulation seven turns, or who was late in obeying the pipe or lessor-div in going aloft. His name mvlfiibly appeared next day upon the black list.

ed at each hatohwa, re prevent would-be-skuikera from going below, On all the mornings of the week ex- flDt Monday. when they scrubbed hlmmwkl. wash-dock pumps were filled. the deck was waited and si-"WP with mid. and two thirds of "10 lhilvs company went down on their knees to rub the planking with holrsionesi the supplying imh - 'md'Ami@°rmidlhllimanofti-ie watch walked in front ofeach group to see that the work was not scamp. ed’ 4

Hammocks were lashed ‘up and "W"! iii the nvttinn at" silo, after which sum and small lfllil were cleaned with oil and brick-dust. at

iii-lit. and at t! the men were again ch 4Q“ "Win! will and top-gallant Ylhil t0 the tiellening accompgnj- ment of. the band playing up flu Colours. prie watch then wont below to clean tbs lower-deck pnd to m“;

hmtriill fiftieth! name way-

lb. of flour alternated daily with iris‘

were served out weekly: soap and leaf‘:

7.15 came breakfast of cocoa and bia- ‘

ml

graduates.” What of YOUR boy?

r I i --i

I

i i

d

Iota univarai siaabled (as de the rernalnini Nomi eleven, the money com d ' full

COIIIIO-

. , s l ' A A WANTED - “Qin CDliiC fi GIIHUUHITEQQV -% ‘l

"qll-“HE. best: positions in industry‘ today go to university trained men,

President Hoover recently said. the next ten years Canada and the United States will need a million college

i the priceless advantage of a coil . knowledge, culture and poise ' tinction for him in business and social afiairs.

‘IHE GREAT~WB8°I

i EDUCATIONAL ~ PDLIET

l fa the auras! and moor economical means of anourin a l successful uraorfor your son or daughter. Example:

t a certain sum each‘ year wi on the time comes, the money is available for n com- lf, meanwhile, you die or become ed in the policy) the Company will pay all ulna. If your child dies before ago will be returned to poun . Should hadie a amount of the policy-plus substanfia profits-will ‘be paid to you as ordinary insurance.

Provincial Managers, Charlottetown, P. E. i.

Protection vvlth Profit

- Great-West Life Itlrplug have llwnya been unusually largo ' —wltla the result that policy-holders ha" consistently enjoyed generous profits. Thou profits. left with she Company, earn in. forest guaranteed never to be less than 3% per cont. Actually the Great-West Life is pay. ing 5K par cent.