' winter, and as Spring with its uh-

' have-their health. In this connec-

FEBRUARY 29. 1956

THE CHARLOTTETOWN GUARDIAN

race THIRTEENfA

NEWSY NOTES

(cnlilnuel fscm Page 12) elqgzlliiy waved. Iris retlculata, bin; wl Il u yellow stripe. I have had for m cexsills. and though the flower .5 glllliiii. it is one of the earliest to “peat in BDFInE- The first always 1° hloonl L: Crocus ausianua "clmh o; 55d," then follows Chlonfldoxa ‘puclllue "Glory 0i the snowy’ and then Bcilla aibirlca (Siberian gquill) opens its little blue eyes to we spring aun. Iris reticulata is fourth. and then the season is

open .

111E ' FARMERS’ PAIILIAMFINT

Bravo. farmers! There are rigns o; g great awakening! A11 the ‘speeches were good but the address by Mr. D._ W. Rose. President of the central Farmers’ Institute. was ggpeclilliy good. I read it over twice, and I hope you will. What is more, 1 am going to cut it out. of the good old “Guardbam and save it m reference. I remember Mr. C. g. lifucKenzio giving us a. dig for waslllg our time in swapping yams while til: ladies were at work talk- lng over the buslzless of their Wo- men's Institutes: and the dig was not unmerited. Mr. Rose's address would be a verv good text next time ihr-se or fcu: are gathered to- gliilfl‘. and should be analysed

razraph by paragraph: that wsurl indeed be "adult education!" But keep politics out of the discus- Bill].

in the meantime here is a quota- llon from the N..S. Farmers’ meet‘- lrlg: and it. i; worth studying:

"lf we are ever to make progress u a body representing agriculture we must get away from the idea that our unit-of organization is gnly a Government bonuseed live stock owning society; and we must develop the idea that the primary purpose of the unit . . .i.a to rrclnme the welfare of the agricul- lural life of the province through education. for the purpose of bulld- inz up rural fraternity. and social and ecorlomc organization . . ."

"We feel that we are within our rights when we point out that in our opinion one of the dangers of thc day is in demanding and ex- pecting too much of the Govern- ment-. of the day. In the last ana- lysls, if the agricultural industry of Nova Scotia is to be established on a satisfactory basis. it must be done by the farmers themselves through efficiency, economy, economic organ- ization. and co-operative effort.”

‘ rrrnaa TIIDILMOMIITEBS

There has bten much illness this

certain weather approaches, it he. hooves all to take especial care of the most valuable wehthat they

lion the magazine "Hygeia" advises every householder to invest in three thermometers.

The first in importance is the "fever" (clinical) thermometer. The temperature of- the- human body varies within certain very narrow limits In all climates and seasons. It averages 98.0 degrees F, some- times being n. little higher in the afternoon. or a little lower in the morning. When the body temper- ature does not fall below 99 F. at lhy time. of the day, or when it exceeds 99.5 l‘. at times during the day. all is’ not well. It is time to f0 to bed. and to ca‘i in the fam- ily physician. The heat-regulating mechanism of the body is out. of ‘order, and this condition nearly al- ways means that the patient is iisiuing an invading army of “RP-"ms." Often by" neglecting a “fc\cl"lsh" cold, and trying to’ "work it oil" by keeping at his, usual tasks. the sufferer comes down with rm attack of pneumonia. Rheuma- tism. inflammation of the nerves. of the values of the heart. and of W‘ ifldlleys. usually take their rise from ihc ordinary febrile cold. Now you will see the importance of the "fever thermometer."

Second in importance is the roonl thermometer. For comfort and health the dwelling room tempera- ture should be between N and '10 dfkwfls F. Above this point the temperature is depressing, and sweating results, with a chill in llrflhileet. Even more dange vuo is a cwiourn at a temperature slightly below 88. for example at d3, with insufficient clothing and exercise: cfinccially if the humidity is high. when the air is really and appre- cnllly cold. we protect ourselves with wlaps, or take VIKOIOIB exer- fisf: but. a room just a little below the comfort point takes us off our Iilard and a chill results. Hence the importance of the room thermo- meter.

Unfortunately the room thema- mcicr does not tell the whole awry. in spring the humidity of the air my be so high that a temperature 0i 65 to 68 F. may feel balmy and comfortable; while in winter when both temperature and humidity are low, it may be necessary to heat the room to 75 F. before one feels fiimfortable. In this case the drying o.‘ the mucous membrane predis- WSES the subject to cabarrhai in- Tammatlcn. The remedy for this is "P have a “wet bulb" thermometer. or some (orm of hygrometer to measure the humility of the atmos- llkre: and to maintain that humid- "y between 40 and 00 degrcea. and that. hv the way. is not so easy l5 It reads!’

The last. thermometer is the bath thermometer. The body is usually l" mlpitlve to water much below °l above loo r. the‘. an adult will not ltay too long ‘in too hot or too cod a bath. Salt cuoh an instru- ment should always b: ulrd to test "i: water for baffling infente.

A ODIIEUIION .

I“ last week’: duerlption of i-hr "inure llverclroultor." the fifth "lie should have road: "(ill Hem “ffl Who have suitable mutt"

II-inea newlpacer cutfingz o ,.v_;'_l‘r-: eslvd ‘o Voiude it. in th- . “ ° T“ lurrib‘ g their namel or

(Continued from Page 12>

Main we, find many farmers “P511102 their pigs on boiled pota- toes with little milk and lime Bfllh- This ration is also decided- ly unbalanced. Potatoes are mostly starch with litfle protein. There is little bone or rnutcle building material in potatoes. They are too bulky for little plrs. The result is that pigs so fed hzcome pot-bellied. weak or crooked in their legs. alld generally unthriftv.

We find many cases where "mil"! PIKE are fed largely on grains and mill feeds, in llulner- 011s combinations with or without milk and potatoes. Among these Film. and mill feeds, there are some which are too strong ‘or heavy for the litfle pig to digest to advantage. I have particula; re- ierencc to corn. barley, feed flour and white nliddlings or shorts, These feeds should be fed to weaned Digs with great. caution. In fact, they ahould not be included in the ration of young pigs be- fore the Digs are four weeks off the sow. 1 have noticed numerous cases where pigs have been crip- pled by three or more feeds of whit: middlinga or such heavy feeds. Oats, ground or whole, are not. the best for weaned pigs. They contain too much fibre. in the form of hull. Prom this" statement it "W114 lDWar that there are very few grains or rplll feeds which can be used safely in the ration when weaning pigs.

There are two grain feeds which have proven satisfactory when used I“ the WBIHIIII ration. These are dark or germ middlinga, and oat meal, or ground oats with the hulls sifted out. These feeds in combina- tions with skim milk and n little Dotatoes (boiled) will carry the weaned pigs through the critical period without danger of crippling or constipation.

In this province. most farmers believe that pig; cannot be raised without milk. This no doubt ac- counts for the practice of having the bulk of our pigs farrowed in the spring months when cows are freshening .'1‘IiIS belief is baled on the fact that we have no milk

‘ u: produced on our farmx, and we must admit that young pigs require either milk or a. good milk substitute in the ration. This pro- blem of replacing milk by other feeds is one which should receive great/er conside nIIOII from our swim growers. Milk should not be the limiting factor. when produc- crs determine the number of Ilogs‘ they will produce ill a given period- Grain and potatoes may be plenti- ful. yet many farmers believe they cannot keep any great number of pigs, because their milk is limited in quantity or because they have no milk at certain seasoned of the year. Theae statements bring up the questions what can we use as a milk substitute for. weaned pigs? Oil-cake may be used to furnish the protein, but the protein i5 of vegetable origin, and does not. equal such animal protein as we find in milk, meat meal or tank- age. and blood meal. Here we have the suggestion for the most desirable milk substitute: blood meal. Blood meal is over 70% pro- teln as compared with about 35% in oil-cake. The protein in blood meal is of animal origin, and more closely resembles the protein in milk than docs the protein in oil cake. This blood meal is manufac- tured at all packing plants and coats about $2.00 ped cwt. at pre- sent. To supply the mineral ele- ments such as the lime and phosphorus found in milk. we ‘can use bone meal. Thus a combination of blood meal and bone meal will supply practically all the essential elements found in milk. Blood meal is laxative even to a greater de- gree than whole milk. Roughly we can use 100 iba. of blood meal with 25 lbe. of bone meal. At present price; this 125 lbs. would cost less than 2c per lb., as bone meal now can be purchased at the packing plants for about. $1.50 per cwt- ‘This mixtured may be mixed in the pro- portion of about eight. pounds to each 100 lus._o.“ grain, and about two lbs. to each bushel of boiled potatoes. If little pig; are gradu- ally accustomed to this milk sub- stitute before weaning. there should be no difficulty in bringing them along in good thrift with little or no‘ milk. This blood meal. mixture could be used to advantage in balancing rations in which pota- toes predominate for fattening pigs or brood sows. We would have less crippling. fewer stunted pigs. 811d moat important of III, fewer loc- ses in pigs at farrowing time.

Swine growers should remember that pigs at weaning time have a very small stomach. For this rea- son they should be fed little and often, and only what they will clean up readily. The ration should not be dry or near dfy- It Bhflllld contain enough liquids tosatisfy the pig's demand for water.

In addition to the above. special care shoud be taken in seeirlfl "i" the weaned pigs have dry. clean quarters in order that ecuffy skins and worm infestations may 5° avoided. In summarising, we may glote that weaning time is the criti- cg] period in the life of the pig. A balanced ration must be fed. thlll W‘ rigs should be left on the sow as long a: possible. They should no‘. be weaned under six weeks of age Unbalanced rations will cause unthrifty pigs. Heavy feeds must be avoided. When milk is not avail- ghlg g good milk substitute should be used. The pigs shoud be fed often, and not too much M- one time. They should have dry clean quarters. These silllfl5ii°nl l" W‘ feted with the hope that. they may be of some ulvnntofl '0 "I ° growers who have been 690110111! m|.|ome difficulty in keeping their hogs in a good thrifty growing eon- dition.

HALIFAX. Feb. 28.—(C.P.)-I-lun- garden. partridle, liberated m the province a few years ago are find-

.ng mu e long. hard svinfer- Btlfl- sergeant 0. R. Walla at the De- partment of National fence Mag-

azine alongside Ecdfardlaain, ‘re- irde have bra comng zcsd crux. . n-clzi-l-

l ~»- , t: . . """ ~~ TILT-I“ ' ‘III . LID iica when n noirfcétlu ashlar“

Weaning Young PigsI

TWELY Norms 0N rorrcs comvacnm WITH

Silver Fox Farming

J, D. Fol-bx, Manager o! the London Fur Sales, has 155mm a ,e_ port on the December and Janu- Bfy silv_~r fox 51110.", which 1s quip, interesting. we quote; “The quamy of the silver foxes offered this cea- 2433] was generally disappointing.

ougll here and there attractive Parcels of clear goods were to be It has to be recorded that e1‘ the Canadian ho;- the sawmill/Ia" Delis taken as a xiii“: came up to expectation as ‘hi’; clarity of color. If anything, m: fl atndinavian skins were (for This ‘i: “m9 Ireqllfilily Preferred. a matter of prime impart- nnoe to the fox rancher, as the characteristics c; gogj quamy and clear color are e sential if the pub- lic's interrst in sliver fox consider- ed as a fashionable fur 15 to be mflllliflined and extended.

1 The “m "umber 0! Delta o'fered Jn London in Decmber, 1934 and anuary. 1935. Bliilroxlmated 97.000. The to.al number offered in Inn- don December i935 and January, i936. was over 143,000, an incl-gage °I “will flirty-Seven per cent. DBSPII/e this lflrfle increase in quantity the market demand re- mained Yemarkflbii" firm seeing that “b”! '15 Der cent was aborbed at Mme-s bareIY 1° lfir cent below last flflwub figures. This result is due to the sustained demand from all film-Wining markets and alnp‘y demonstrates the continued pop“- larlty of silver fox. 991m»

’I‘lle following prices are the high- est. received for any individual akin at the above four auctions. Decem- her, 1934. $147.50. January, i935, $230, mcemlvr 1035, $160, January 1936. $150. These figures are with the pound based at $5.00, The $330, price was for an extremely large three-quarter: silver from the Mc_ Lure and MacKlnnol-l silver pox Farms Limited, ranch,

“QT .r

‘In an interesting article headul “The Dzlnlesdcatcd Rabbit Skin", Charles E. Kfilcgg of the Bureau of Biological Survey, Washington. says: “Rabbit fur is used more ex- tensively than mlv other kind by the fur irndi‘, because It is readily adaptable to inliiatiznl purprves. Fur designers and rivers llllvc mast- cred so well the art of imitating other furs by modern methods of plucking. shearing and dying, that the pe‘t of the rabbit is beinz of- fered for sale under a variety of trade names. '

It has been eztimred that. rab- bit fur accunted for 50 per cent of the entire fur business of the Unit- cd Stat/es during 1934. Between 45 and 50 mil‘lon rabbit skins were dressed and dyed for making into fur garments and trimmings for women's coat", suits and dresses.

The total number of hatters and fur skins used annually is enor- mous. Import rccords show that 25000.00!) pounds or about 125 to 130 million raw rabbit skins come into the United State: annually, Australia and New Zealand contri- buting about 55 per cent of this total.

It is estimated that 40 per cent of the raw skins come from domes- ticated rabbits, France furnishing about 60 per cent of these and Belgium 25 per cent.

The program used at the Milli- gan and Morrison sliver Fox Breed- ers Association meeting in New York. carried the following piece entitled: “Ecmance of the Silver m)“.

"In i887 Sir Charles Dalton bred the first sliver black foxes in cap- tivity, on Oulton Island, which lies off Prince Edward wand on the east. coast of Canada. A hollow log served as the kennel. Thee: foxes were the Eastern Standard Silver Foxes. A few years later George I... Morrison. who lived in the Arc- tic Circle in Alaska, conducting a. trading post, traded trinkem to the Indium for a few si‘ver fox pups. These were developed and bred in pans at the back of his store.

This type of fox is known as the Interior Alaskan, and is a larger fox than the Eastern standard. Im- medlately aftzr this J. EdganMii- iigan came to Alaska and the firm of Mllllszan and Morrison was started. ‘Phase two mcn were amen’; the beet known breedws o‘ silver foxes in the entire fur world. The Mllllgan-Morrison sl‘ver Fox Pro- ducers A=soclation has evolved as a ruult of the close contact and ex- perience; of these gentlemen.

A few years later in w’ other breeders began mixing breer" or crossing the Eastern standard with Peace River foxes. Thus was produced a. new type of silver fox now commonly known as the west- ern standard. which la larger than the Standard and about th same silo as the Alaskan. Thiq ype is the fox marketed by many M. a M. members and also by Herbert A. Nrman and Company through the New York Auction Company under the trade-marked name of "BNd by Nieman." 5o at present there are tbrze folding, distinct tynee of silver black fox marketed all over the world today-namely: Eastern standard. Interior Alaska. and the Western standard."

This i~. the time of year when females are carrying their young. that the diet must be verv carefully watched and diet deficiencies should be made up where they erist. Food should contain vitamin; a. c and D. B is found in beef liver, hearts.

vegetation. These with calcium phosphate, th- princlpal constitu- ant o‘ green h-me and minerafls cun- ‘alned in milk. te-qether wllh cod

‘ivsr oil and tomato juic: alidg: to the practical diet of‘ meats and

egg yolks. yeast and vome leafy.

cereals, should take care of the situation.

In a few weeks the snow will have vanished from many of the fox pens and it is then that the ranchers must be very careful to see that there is plenty of drinking water. In fact fresh drinking wat- er should be given to the foxes even when snow is on the ground if they wi‘l drink it. _

The importance of a. plentiful supply of water to the pregnant fe- male cannot be too strongly em- phasized. The diet should also con- tain a certain quantity of fresh meat as it has important qualities that cannot be offset by the cold storage varieties. Care should be taken. however. that no marked change in diet occurs prior to whelping or during the last stages of pregnancy. Females carrying their young are extremely sensitive to radical changes of any kind.

Noises in the ranch, loud talking, roughness in handling the female, sudden fright, in fact anything out of the ordinary routine of the ranch may cause abortion or be the means of frightening the fe- male so that she will dwstroy her young.

The majority of the pups will be born within the next six _weeks. which will be the crucial time and will be reflected in the December 31st balance sheet for loss or gain.

An article in the February Silver Fox says in part: “New uses for silver fox fur and o steady con- sumer dzmand-havc helped the fur trade to keep pace with the young and rapidly growing fox farming industry in the United States. In lees than fifteen years the annual crop has increased from c000 pelts in 1923 to more than 170.000 pelts in 1934.

This season's pelting, which start- cd in November ‘and will last through the winter month". very likely will produce a crop slightly ‘argzr than last years, according to Frank (l. Aallhrooke oi the Bureau of Biological Survey "Virtually all of last season's pelts which-brought the fox farmers $7,114.56). were disposed of by the fur trade before the prezent pelting season got un- der way." said Mr. Ashbrookc-

About half of the pelt-s produced ill the United States comes fronl Wisconsin. Minnesota and Michi- gan, according to Mr. Ashbrooke. In general sl‘ver foxes are _belng raised for fur in the northern tier of rtafes from New England wast- ward to Oregon and in the colder parts o" California. Colorado. Kan- sas, Iowa, Missouri, Illinois, Ohio. Pennsylvania. New Jersey and Massachusetts.

Each year the pelt cl-op of th' U. S. fur animal station. Sal-ate!“ Springs, Nrw York. is graded irl or- der to get information on skins produced under controlled condit- ions. Heredity. feed, sun‘lght. cli- mates and methods of handling are studied to learn what part they may play in causing tinged or brown coloredpeits. These (ell for less money than the better grade p:l*s. Tests at the station show that tinge can be controlled to some extent by placing the foxes in furring sheds five to six months before pelting. In these sheds the animal's are protected against ex- cessive sunlight which in appar- ently one of the causts of tinged fur.

Dr. Ronald G. Law has resigned as Director of the Ontario gov- ernment Fur Farms and has accept.- ed a position with a large public utility corporation. This will be- a distinct loss to th: whole fur farm- ing fraternity. as Dr. Law from time to time made valuable con- tributions to fox literature.

HOAST SECRET SOCIETY

NATIVES O

PORT MOREBBY, New Guinea, Feb. 2'f—(C.P.)-survivors of an ancient native cult which practised canibalism and blackmail have been discovered by scientists re- turning frcm an exp"dition to the interior of New Ginuea.

The society, known as the Duk Duk Secrzt Guild. while robbed of its earlier evil name bv British gov- ernment administrators and police. (till is a bad influence through en- couraging natives to extravagance and indrfence.

Duk Duk gatherings are still held secretly in parts of the island. wo- men are excluded. and members