SATURDAY, DEC. 5, 1959.

Tory Tidbits

- Twenty-two Tory speakers, limit-

ed to three minutes each, sounded

‘off at the grand banquet of the Pro-

" ‘gressive Conservative Association of.

‘Canaitla convention at Ottawa this

" ‘week. A good time was had by all.

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‘Here are some excerpts from the ‘speakathon, as culled from our ‘bulky exchanges: -

Our Premier Shaw, who got a big hand, described himself as “the new- est political knight at the Conser-

vative Round Table”, and promised ~

that P.E.I. would continue to send four Conservatives and no Liberals to Parliament. Premier Hugh John Flemming said June 10, 1957—the

‘day of John Diefenbaker’s victory

‘over the federal Liberals—should rank higher in-history than July 1, 1867, the day of Confederation. (¢Pre- mier Stanfield was felled with the ‘flu and couldn’t attend.)- Veteran Affairs Minister Brooks said “as soon as Newfoundland understands Can- adian politics, it will be in line.” Fin- ance Minister-Fleming, who opposed Mr. Diefenbaker for the party lead- ership in 1956, said: “It’s just three years ago you made your choice. The party made no mistake that night.”

Transport’ Minister Hees remark-

_ ed: “Yours is the victory of 1957.

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By the sounds we hear in the hotel

— corridors after midnight, you're celeb-

— rating it very well.” Defense Minister

Pearkes promised “to supply our

- forces with the manpower and equip-

as

ment they need without placing an undue strain on the economy.” Trade Minister Churchill, a Winnipegger, ‘said, “Vive les Blue Bombers!” Justice Minister Fulton, about half- way through the long parade of speakers, hoped that he wouldn’t be ““Jast in the race to get back to my seat the quickest.” A good warning came from Agriculture Minister Harkness. “Don’t forget us farmers,” he said, “or you'll be well on your way out of office.”

~ “Uppermost in my mind,” pro- tésted Labor Minister Starr, “is a féeling of humbleness and con- sciousness of my responsibilities.” Fisheries Minister MacLean said the Liberals “hope we’ve gone’as far as we can. Only time will tell.” Works Minister Walker called himself “the Plumber of the gpvernment.” Post- master-General Hamilton said he'd been told “to stand up to be seen,

' speak to be heard, and shut up to be

appreciated”; and Immigration Min- ister Fairclough, with a woman’s in- tuition, remarked that “the least said is the soonest mended.”

| Dief the Chief wound up the talk- fest with one of his inimitable stories. It was about a politician who spoke so long that only one man was left in the hall when he finished.

- He rushed down to thank his remain-

ing supporter, but the man protested. “Don’t thank me,” he said. “I’m, the st speaker!” ee That’s all, folks, for tonight.

Eisenhower's Tour

On taking off from Washington on Thursday, President Eisenhower Baid it was his hope “to make widely known America’s deepest desire—a world in which all nations may pros- per in freedom, justice, and peace, @nmolested and unafraid.” In pur- suit of this mission he will cover 22,000 miles in nineteen days, call fipon eleven nations and confer with the leaders of thirtee, puntries and with Pope John XIII and_ deliver thirt’ speeches. No American’ pre- Bident has ever undertaken so am- bitious a venture in personal diplo- macy. ’~ The climax of his tour will come with his*meeting in Paris, beginning ec. 19, with British Prime Minister urold Macmillan, West German

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pected to agree on a definite date a summit meeting—probably ne time late next spring—along th’ a date for the second’ Western

mit : with

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1 In countries such sident will

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as Italy, Greece, dealing mainly with issues that affect the strength and

Turkey, Iran

‘stability of the Western alliance. His °

visit to India and Afghanistan will represent his first direct contact with the peoples of neutral and un- committed nations.-In North Africa, apart from specific issues of inter- est"to Tunisia and Morocco, the Pre- sident’s stops will inevitably involve discussion of the touchy Algerian problem.

Two years agd such a program for Mr. Eisenhower would have been inconceivable. He appeared then as an amiable but aiting and ineffectual figure, overshadowed by such mas- sive personalities as Governor Sher- man Adams, the Presidential Assist- ‘ant, John Foster Dulles, the oracular State Secretary, and Senator Lyndon Johnson, vociferous opposition lead- er iif Congress. Governor Adams has quit. public life under a cloud of scandal; death has bereaved the Pre- sident of Mr. Dulles, and Senator Johnson has shrunk in size to one of the, several Democratic politicians: who are jockeying for nomination next year as the party’s presidential candidates. .

Thrown on his-own resources, the President has been using both ‘the weight of his office and his personal skill in dealing with human beings, and his stature has grown enorm- ously. There is a general feeling that his present tour will be a personal triumph; to that extent its propa- ganda mission will likely be achieved. What remains to be seen is what con- crete effects it will have in streng- thening the Western position on the broad range of issues with Soviet Russia. That is of vital concern, and the acid test of the tour.

A Warning Voice

Now it’s a leading atomic:physicist who has debunked the idea of mass education .by means of “scientific gadgets and gimmicks.” Attending a recently-announced $7,000,000 ex- periment in which educational pro- grams _ will .be.relaved from an air— plane over the U.S. Midwest, Dr. John R. Dunning, dean of the School of Engineering at Columbia University said‘ this:

“When we are not really sure how to teach modern science face to face with our students,in a classroom I don’t see why we should spend mil- lions of dollars trying to teach it through -electronic circuits from an airplane.” Terming it premature at this time to spend time and money devising “electronic tutors” to teach, he added: “Sincere man have been seduced into gadgetry by importun- ate demands of our society for quick results and a lazy means of obtaining them. Foundations and _ educators have been victims of the new Ameri- can spirit. We must all share the blame.” :

In Dr. Dunning’s view, no intel- lectual prescription can be made to fit every student. The ‘classroom teacher is the central and indispen- sible element. Not only are attempts to move the teacher from the class- room to the’ broadcasting studio dan- gerous, but “taking the basic educat- ional responsibilities of guidance and talent identification out of his hands is subversive to the ideal of educat- ing each individual for his own sake.”

Here spoke the true teacher. And his remarks apply still more strongly to the teaching of other than scien- tific subjects. Mass production in education is a terminological con- tradiction. But the Ford Foundation people are going Hihead with their “electronic tutor” program, which is intended to reach 13,000 schools and colleges ‘in a six-state area. Know- ledge comes, but wisdom lingers!

EDITORIAL NOTES

External Affairs Minister Green is developing quite an epigrammatic style. “Geographically,” he told a ser- vice club in Toronto the other day, “we lie between the two nuclear super-powers. We are, in a sense, the ham in the sandwich—and have no desire to be minced.”

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It will be recalled that when the Royal Commission on Transportation sat here recently, the chairman, Hon. Charles| P. McTague, was unable, through illness, to attend. It was thought to be a minor indisposition, but he is now in a New York hospital, suffering, it is feared, from heart trouble. It was hoped that he would -be well enough to join the Commis- sion at Ottawa this week when it launched its hearings on the con- troversial Crowsnest Pass freight rates. This will not be possible, al- though he may recover sufficiently to join the group later.

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meeded such a

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NEVER MIND THE CHEERLEADER

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Prime ‘Minister Diefenbaker says intensive examination 4s be- ing given to the possibility of es- tablishing a commission to inves- tigate the efficiency of govern- ment. There is no need for such a study of the possibility of mak- ‘ing a study. The situation is simple. The Government either wants a commission or it does not; it is in favor of, or opposed to. an inquiry into Ottawa's ad- ministrative machinery.

The case for a commission pat- ternéd after the Hoover Commis- sion in the. United States is clear enough. Ottawa's great Depart- ments of Stat Y

eration. Their staffs have stead- ily, increased, their functions have changed and overlapped. They have suffered the ravages of patronage and been:warped by the changing role of government.

NOBODY KNOWS

haphazard fashion since Confed- |

Nobody knows whether these |

a'nd committees which have) sprung up afound them, operate

staffed or understaffed. Nobody knows what their proper functions should be in modern govern- ment. Nobody knows, because there has been no adequate. in- . vestigation to find out.

The position was much the | same in Washington until the ap- | pointment of the Hoover Com- mission in 1947. That body of- distinguished men, under the chairmanship of a former Presi- | dent, conducted a searching sur- | vey of the U.S. Government and made almost 600 recommenda- tions for improving efficiency.

PUBLIC FORUM

Thies column is open to the discus

sion by correspondents of question c.

interest. The Guardian does not resem

sarily en‘orse the opinion of corres pondents.

HILLSBORO BRIDGE TODAY

Sir,—We the people that really have to cro:s Hillsboro Bridge every day of our lives, do not feel one bit pleased right now at the rules and regulations thaf are in effect. Some days no traffic, other days no trucks.

Do those who make the rules for the public stop and think that they will not have so many friends next election?-This bridge car- ried a train and four cars not so long ago weighing 140 tons or more. It still carries on a float a 24 ton machine and this week, when one of the men in charge machine, there was no doubt of the carrying capacity of the bridge.

The men that make the rules should avoid breaking them themselves; and remember, there is a huge crowd of people watch- ing and waiting the results.

I am, Sir, etc. DISGUSTED TRUCKMAN Wood Islands.

CAPITAL GAINS TAXES

Sir,—Two prepared papers on taxation of capital gains were presented at the Canadian Tax Foundation’s annual conference at Quebec City. A U.S. \profes- sor of economics reported favour- ably on the U.S. tax, while an Ottawa tax consultant expressed disapproval of such a tax for Can- ada. It was noted that both agre- ed it is not harmful to the ec- onomy. ;

Thinking Canadians deplored the sale of $140,000,000 worth Ford of Canada stock to the parent U.S. company. There was a huge capital gain in the sale of this stock. Using the -lowest stock- market price for 1959 ($108 per share) against $181 received, it would amount to $57,000,000. The actual capital gain, based on pur- chase price, would be much big- ger. If this had happened in the United .States the Government

per cent in capital gains tax — largely the latter percentage. It's no wonder we're the poor cousins... I am, Sir, etc...

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would have skimmed off 20 to 25"

JOHN GILBERT Hanover, Ont. hi

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Case For A Commission

‘ Globe and’ Mail, Toronto ;

The resultant savings have been estimated at $8 billion. Equally important, it is sdid, were the great changes made quietly, voluntarily, by Vie de- partments themselves when they realized they were to come und- er examination, and would have to defend their activities.

PUBLIC SITTINGS

Without doubt. the story could be repeated in Ottawa. The very day that the Government announ- ced a Hoover-type investigation, the departments would start to take a critical look at themselv- es. They would be anxious to. put

Ss:

shape to justify their . existence before the commission and pub- lic opinion. For, of course, the commission should sit in public; the nation has a right to know how well or how badly its Civil Service is operating. e

Civil servants should not regard this as a threat. The type of in-

departments, and all the boards vestigation envisaged would not

be directed wholly or even main- ly at slashing the size of the

efficiently or inefficiently. Nobody | Civil Service. It would be exa- knows whether fhey are over-| mining the larger picture of the

whole. machinery and organiza- tion ‘of government. It would look, for example, at a typists’ pool not to see whether it was overstaffed but whether it was fulfilling any necessary function at all, or whether it might be bet- ter employed in some other de- partment. ,

SHOULD WELCOME IT

Civil servants, indeed, should welcome a commission of in- quiry; increased efficiency in government would be greatly to their advantage. If the size of the Civil Service were cut, there would be more pay for those re- maining. In any case, there would be a better chance of promotion on the basis of ability rather than time served. And one of the

{ would be to devise some system of personnel control to. ensure that departments keep _abreast- of changing circumstances and are not in danger of becoming bloated bureaucracies.

There is no need for a study to conclude that all. these advan- | tages and others would flow from a top-level, wide-ranging investi- gation of government. The facts are self-evident. Mr. Diefenbaker should delay no longer in ap-

pointing a commission.

Probing Ocean Depths

National Geographic Society

Four to seven miles beneath the surface of the ocean lies a strange world which no man has ever visited.

It is a world of pitch-black darkness, near-freezing tempera-

tures, and pressures that range as

high as 900 tons per square foot. A fraction of that pressure is enough to crush a block of wood to half size? Yet life not only ex- ists, but thrives

So far scientists know only a little about the strange creatures that inhabit these enormous depths, the National Geographic Society says. Indeed, it was not

until a few years ago that they | knew that life could survive un- |

der such terrifying conditions.

EXTRAORDINARY ‘FISH

To sure, scientists had long known about the extraordinary fish with fantastic shapes and luminous organfs which live at a depth of perhaps 3,000 to 10,000 feet. But the floor of the ocean drops much deeper. In 1951 the British oceanographic vessel Chal- lenger recorded a depth of 35,640 feet,\ about 200 miles southwest of Guam, in the Pacific Ocean's Mariana Trench. :

The bottom of this trench lies farther below sea level than Mount Everest, the world’s high- est mountain, soars above it. A penny tossed from a ship would

fall for several hours before rea- |

ching bottom. Scientists felt it was almost incredible that life could survive there. Yet if there was no life am even more fantas- tic possibility occurred to them.

Without any sort of life, even bacteria, the bodies- of animals which dropped into the depths

‘would be free of fermentation.

Scientists might find the intact bodies of creatures that had long ceased to exist at upper le- vels, animals now known only as fossilized remains,

RECORD DEPTH

About the time Challenger dis- covered its record depth, the Dan- ish ship Galathea II lay north- east of Mindanao, one of the two principal islands of the Philip- pines. On board was Dr. Anton Bruun? leader of an oceanogra- phic expedition bent en deter- mining whether life exists in the ocean trenches,

. Dr. Bruun* and his associates succeeded in collecting a sample of the sea floor at a depth of 33,- 000 feet. It turned out to be ex- tremely fine mud—and it contain- ed bacteria. Galathea sent down a trawl-net and brought up ano ther sample of the sea floor. It contained a sea anemone, five mollusks, and a minute. crusta- cean They had been living 33,462 feet under the waves. ‘

How can a fragile sea anemone endire pressure that would kill a man in an instant? Partly be- — the anemone is neon gg Stl ter. Its internal pressure an- ees the external pressure. The

animals generaliy die when brought to the surface where there is little external pressure.

LIFE IN TRENCHES

First reports indicate that creatures of the deep-sea _ tren- ches may be bigger than their cousins \at shallower depths. Scien- tists are also interested in the fact that inhabitants of the tren- ches are not found elsewhere. Knowledge about them may be slow in coming because of the many difficulties of collecting | specimens. So far there have been fewer than 50 successful samples taken from. depths be- low four and a half miles.

Though man himself has not yet reached the bottom of one | | of these deep trenches, the 1956 » National Geographic Society-Caly- pso Marine expedition, led: sby Jacques-Yves Cousteau, succeed-

‘usually is best. to use a rectal

|the year numbered 87,281 units,

ed in making photographs 24,600 feet down in the Romanche

How. To Take Temperature

utes. Wait at least 15 minutes be- fore taking the temperature if the patient has just had something to eat or drink or,if he has just taken a bath. ;

Once you are through with the instrument, it should be wiped with tissue papér and rihsed in cold water. 7 ’

KEEP STERILIZED Don’t return it to the box or- holder again without steriliing it in some way. Probably the best thing to do is to place it in an antiseptic solution and leave it there until the next time you have to use it. : When the patient is a child, it

thermometer. Here, too, a few tips might make the temnerature- taking chore a little easier.

“Have. the child lie on his side and tell him to breath through his mouth. This will ‘help relax the .museles around the rectum and make it easier to insert the thermometer. It should be insert- ed up to the -98.6 degree mark.

WAIT AN HOUR

If the youngster has had a-bo- wel movement, wait approximat- ely one hour before taking his rectal temperature.

When you have finished, wipe the instrument with a piece of tissue or cotton moistened with soap and water. Rinse the ther- mometer in cool. water and then disinfect it in a solution recom- mended by your doctor.

Maybe you knew how to take a temperature all along. but I'll bet you know a little bit more now than you did a few minutes ago.

QUESTION AND ANSWER

Mrs. T. L.: Please tell me if we have two thyroids and if re- moval of a thyroid will cause a change in the singing and ‘Speak-

we aren’t getting enough immi- ‘grants.—Brantford Expositoe

Canadian psychiatrists are eros- sing the border, attracted by dou- ble the pay they get here. It

be pointed out, however,

it the work there is twice as

hard, because our neighbors are

twice as crazy.—Peterborough Ex- aminer

law to ‘kill a pigeon, even ac- cidentally. It is illegal. even” to aira the point of one’s toe-at one with intent to-do violence.. Pig- eons are protected as symbols of peace. How can we doubt the sin- -cerity of*Russia’s intentions now? A country must be sincerely de- dicated to the causé of peace to endure aerial bombardment from the birds without retaliation.— Hamilton Spectator

In his address to Chicago Uni- versity, notable for its avowal of atheism if for nothing else, Sir Julian Huxley said the-aim of education should not be “‘the democratic myth of equality”. But does modern education teach any such myth? It teaches equal- ity before the law, of course, but that is-a far different thing from teaching that all men are equal that they have been born equal or remain equal. One would think that a scientist might be more careful with words.—Ottawa Jour- nal

The other day I heard -a typ-

| ical example of Liverpool hum-

or. A workman sitting next to me in the train stubbed out his half-smoked cigarette and stuc it behind his ear for future con- sumption. But ‘the did not suc- ceed in extinguishing the cigarette properly: a think Spiral of smoke curled alarmingly round his head. Before I could draw his atten- tion to it a young man sitting op- posite leaned forward. ‘‘Some- body's talking about you, mate.” he ‘said. “Your ruddy ear's burnin’.’""—Manchester Guardian

scabs

rorte- =

‘My hair has. become—very thin. Would this also be due to the thyroid condition?

eG Commonwea

Answer: We have one thyroid gland which consists of two lob- |

‘es and a connecting isthmus. ‘Its |

does not affect the| voice unless the nerve to the larynx is accidentally injured dur- ing the operation.

Although thyroid disturbanc- es may cause thinning of the hair, there may be other causes

as well.

The Age Old Story

Eye hath not seen, nor ear heard, neither have entered into the heart of man, the things which Gtd. hath prepared for them that love him.

removal

HOUSE BUILDING SLOWS

OTTAWA (CP)—Starts on con- struction of new homes in Cana- dian towns and cities in October declined to 40,724 units from 12.- 678 in the corresponding month a year earlier, the bureau of sta- tistics reported. Total housing starts in the first 10 months of

down 13.8 per cent from 101,257 a year ago.

Trench off the west coast of Af- rica. The camera caught a brittle star and a number of small un- identified animals. The camera, designed for the Society by Dr. Harold E. Edgerton of Massachu- setts Institute of Teclmology, was built to withstand pressures of 82 tons per square inch.

AUSTRALIA'S Prime Minister Menzies took a sensible stand on the question of the governor gen- eralship of his country.

At his request the Queen has named a_ distinguished Briton, Viscount Dunrossil, as governor general to succeed Sir William Slim, also a Briton. For this he’s run into criticism , from - the Laborite opposition in Australia. They thought he should have returned to the expegiment tried a few years ago of having an Australian - born governor gen- eral.

Mr. Menzies’ reason for doing as he did is as good in Canada as in Australia. It’s the difficulty of getting an Australian for the job. Most men fitted for it would be too controversial because they

-| are already prominent in politics.

It's too bad Mr. Menzies did not seek a suitable appointee in another Commonwealth country besides Britain. Many people be- lieve this would be an excellent way of stressing the unity of the Commonwealth. It would be an imaginative way to create new respect and significance for an important institution.

Regrets aside, Mr. Menzies has put his finger on a problem that will smack Canadian politicians in the eye one of these days.

So far in Canada we've been fortunate. Our first Canadian gov- ernor general, Rt. Hon. Vincent Massey, though he had his polit- ical tinge in earlier days, proved

In Moscow, it is against the |

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OUR YESTERDAYS

TWENTY - FIVE YEARS AGO. (Dec. 5, 1934)

ey. The young man was en first aid and rushed to the City Hospital where he received treat- ment.

Messers J.J., Trainor, M:G.. Me- Neely and W-R. Shaw returned yesterday from attending a meet- ing of the Provisional Eastern Canada Potato Marketing Board in Saint John. The Maritime re- presentatives were i ly in favor of the scheme which is expected to go into effect early in January. ,

@ TEN YEARS AGO (Dec. 5, 1949)

A resolution was passed -by City School Board yesterday ernoon, Dr. R.G. Lea presiding, authorizing the High Sehool Com mittee to proceed with ary arrangements, including the preparation of sketch plans and the obtaining of a suitable site for a new school building. The resolution approved the finding of the committee that a new school building was necessary te re- lieve overcrowding. :

Dredging operations at the east side of the Railway Wharf »have been completed for this season it was learned yesterday afternoon. The area has been dredged a distance of 50 feet out- ‘wards from the wharf and to a depth of approximately 26 feet. Work is continuing on the remov- ‘al of the old dock with the torn

up plank surface being hauled away. ;

LIUVE @

The Vancouver Sun

choice. Indeed he raised the pres- tige of the post to new heights.

Similarly Rt. Hon. George Van- ier, the successor to Mr. Massey, appears likely to sustain the dig- nity and prestige of the office.

How excellent it would be if the Commonwealth had a panel of

such men—distinguished by their

lives, and from every country of the Commonwéalth—available to serve the Queen in any part. of | her great realm. Mr. Vanier in Australia, for example. -

-. SHIPS THAT PASS

Last night, a ship passed by

The one, on which I sailed,

Two little worlds, so close; torch- es of light

Twinkling as they passed,

Like unto brave spirits in an ocean vast,

Their signals flashing in the blue of night

So in this charted world

Romance we trace,

Worlds touch, and pass

To other worlds, untried, and new, 3

As souls in voyage to the Infinite,

To keep celestial rendezvous.

' _Dorothy Sproul

a most acceptable and excellent

in the Montreal Star

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NTT

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‘T. EATON. CS,

You ‘ll Want

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LORD BEAVERBROOK —

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ILLUSTRATED WITH PHOTOGRAPHS

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(From the Guardian Files) ~.

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