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" lives of the British people.

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Drivers Prince Edward Island Like The Den W. J. Publishe!

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"T sarvnuiiv, MARCH 2. 1963.

Warming Up In Britain The latest public opinion polls in Britain show tho Macmillan govern-

- ment at its lowest ebb since it won

the 1059 goncral election. Labor has a 14 point load in popularity. This underlines quvstion of the nationalization of industry which has already loomed as in issue in the coming elcctoral contest. Last, Weekend the Conservative party organizers issued a booklet warning that more than 100 of Britain’s key industries would be in danger of

the

.. being taken over by the state if

Harold Wilson and his Labor party won out.

Mr. Wilson and his followers have hit. back by describing the Conser- vative pamphlct as “childish” and They Contend that. the Tories are falling back on their old tricks of trying to scare the nation into believing that Labor would indulge in sweeping interfer- enm: with the busincss and privatc

Mr. Wilson, however, has al- rcady pledged himself to rcnation- alizo the steel industry and road haulage He has advocated nation- alization of industries which are largely dependent on state purchas- ing programs, and he has repeatedly said that riotous? industries should be. nationalized. In 1961 it became of- ficial Labor policy to gain control of investment, for pension funds and other private insurance com- panics.

The new Labor leader has em- phasized that: he will continue the Gaitskell policies, but it, is widely felt that his pronouncements so far suggest he is veering cnnsiderably left of the Gaitskell line. This is the gist. of the Conservative conten- tion. The. greater part of British in- dustry, it is claimed, will be threat- ened with Lake-over by the state if he is returned to power.

While Labor maintains that this Is an old Conservative bogey. it is finding the charge embarrassing and it will have to come up with something more concrete than the counter-charge that its opponents have no positive policies of their own to meet the challenges confronting Britain today. On both sides, at present. "positive. policies" are only beginning to emerge.

I We shouldn't wonder at that in Canada. Our own election campaign in already on, and how many Can- adian electors can say what the major issues are and where, pre- cisely, the parties stand on them?

Quebec Battleground

How far will Mr. Pearson's fav- orable reception in Quebec carry him at the polls on April 8? This quation may prove a. vital one In the campaign, for it is in Quebec that the Liberal leader hopes to make the gains that will carry him decisiver to power at Ottawa. The election of 1958 saw Liberal repre- oentation in' Quebec shrink from 63 to 25. This was understandable, since the tide was moving unmis-

"i tskably in Mr. Diefenbaker’s favor A, lit that time. More serious was the '- fact that in last June’s election the

‘tide failed to reverse itself. The total gain made by Mr. Pearson in Quebec in 1962 over 1958 was only ten abate.

'1‘th was due to the emergence Of Social Credit in Quebec, and ex-

. why Mr. Pearsmt, in his open.

in the present cam-

" handevotcd somuch attention "I. the record and polic- ‘ What the federal ‘ m Dada. most of all, k

-—-—————-—A-———‘

throng support: from the Quebec Liberal regime under Premier Le- aage. His prospects look more favorable now than they did last. year in this regard, but will the support go far enough?

One difficulty, as the Montreal Gazette sees it, is that the primary basis of disagreement between Que- bec Liberals. federal and provincial, is over fields of taxation. At the federal-previncial fiscal conference in 1960 Mr. Lesage defined Qua- bec‘s needs as being 25 per cent of the fields of personal and corpora- tion income taxes, and the whole of the field of succession duties. He then estimated that this would cost the federal treasury half a billion dollars a year, if applied nationally.

Though the demand was made to Mr. llicfenbaker, it would be the same demand to Mr. Pearson. And it is very doubtful whether Mr. Pearson, faced with federal debts and deficits and with the obliga- tions of election promises made across the country. could or would give up half a billion annually in federal revenue.

This creates difficultics for Mr. Lasage in the present. fedcral elec- tion. If he. gives wholcheartcd sup- port to Mr. Pearson, he may later find himself quarrelling openly with the man he openly supported. And he may be saddlod by his provincial opponents with the responsibility of having elected him. On the. other hand, he is faced with the possibil- ity that, if Social Credit docs well in the province in this April elec- tion it may turn to the provincial field and become a disturbing rival.

Peaceful Penetration

Ono of President Kcuncdy‘s pre— election pledges was to establish a Peace Corps for goodwill service abroad. Volunteers of this Corps have hcan doing very good work of late. particularly in isolated areas throughout Latin America. Rut a far more remarkable movement is tak- ing place on university campuses in Venezuela, where the corps has provided teachers. Equally Conver- sant in English and Spanish, these workers are teaching nonpolitical subjects and clearing away political myths about. thcir country as they develop friendships with students and other teachers.

Many Latin American univer- sities have been breeding grounds of hate for the United States. Their political autonomy makes them use» ful to leftwing troublemakers. Even students without political motiva- tions get involved in anti-United States demonstrations, fixing er- roneous and usually lasting impres- sions. Now a. more friendly climate is being created.

Teaching is only one phase of the work being carried out by 90 Peace Corps volunteers in Vene- zuela, but the teachers are among the most popular. Their popularity could spread to other university campuses in Latin America. In- cidentally it is noted that since the universities provide room and board. the volunteers take a proportionate cut in the modest living allowance provided by the corps. None gets more than $l30 a month, while Venezuelan professors in the same. universitiesearn up t0$l5,000 annually.

EDITORIAL NOTES

Budgeting for even a modest surplus without an increase in the tax rate is an ambitious venture these days, but the City Council has undertaken this feat; and the good showing it made last year is a promising augu-ry for success.

# U 0

How times change! It is not so very long ago that The Guardian. for exposing the hypocrisy under the Prohibition Act, was denounced as a “rum organ” by stalwart mor- alists in the legislature who subse- quently scrapped the Act in the interests, as they said, of “true temperance." Tho Temperance Act they substituted has become more and more “temperate” with the years; but there are those who still find it restrictive and hypocritical in its operations, and would replace it with something still farther re- moved from the obnoxious shadow of Prohibition. They are fortunate in that Prohibition’s reputation, like that of old Joe Stalin in Russia. has gone front bad to worse since its demise. and they can scorn it now without the slightest fear of incur- ring political edium. i)

a

SE E ’- ‘ I'M TRIMMING rr A Luna

WOULD LOOK BETTER WITH A SHAVE

600.000 BOOKS IN BRAILLE

U.S. Library Service For The Blind

’l‘uckcd away In an obsvure corner of Washington's Library of Couurcss is a small Govern- mcnt unit whosc job is to bright- cn a darkcncd world.

This unit. the Division for the Blind. was set up undcr a 1931 act of Congress. Its staff selects books and magazines for Iran» scriptinn into braille, talking- bn o k rcrnrds, or magnetic tan? ThP material IF "Taller! In PlIElhlP persons throughout the United States and outlying ter- ritories. Even ' zens temporarily living abroad are entitled to the scrvice if thcy n1ch rcquircmcnls.

To be cliniblo, an applicant nerd only submit proof of hav- ing no more than 20-200 vision, with correction. The reading matter is free. If nccdcd, a ma- chine. wille lcnt. to play the discs or Iapcs.

IN BRAILLE

The Division distribulcs reading materials through at regional libraries. Of those, 27 arc now sending out braille publications rcgularly to somc 12.000 blind or partially blind persons. In addition, nearly 65,- 000 people receive the “talking ooks!’

Its

Recipients range In age from 5 to 100. Since the intcrcsts of the blind are much tho same as those of tho siglitcd. tho librar- ics offcr mystcrics, pnctry and

‘ Westerns, Shakespearean plays

‘ and the Bible, natural

history. archeology, animal

biography, ‘ talc-s, and

SlOI‘IOS, airy Space - Agc fact and fiction, Latest addition to the list of periodicals transcribed braille is the National phic Magazine. STOCKI’ILE GROWS volumcs 1.

r. 3

n Geogra-

In all, some 600,000 in braillc addcd cach year. So 000 talking books havc been produced for the use of handi- capped people living from Alas- ka to Florida and Hawaii to the Virgin Islands.

Ncarly 6,000 scparale litlos arc availablc lo rcadcrs, wit b about 400 talking books and 300 in braille added each year. Scl-

PUBLIC FORUM

This commit ls open to the discussion

by tolrcspomlents ol nutslmus of In Iercsl. The Guardian tines not necks sarily' endorse the opium" ol corres- pondents. All letters published are sub

2 and con Guardian i.- Ilnahle lt- enlcr Inln any (‘oril‘spnndence regard. ing tellers submitted.

—————.—_

HUMANE KILLING?

, Sir.~Your editorial in The Guardian about the most hu- mane way of killing lohstcrs

has prompted me to approach your paper rcgarding seal hunt-

Would it be possible to print the following excerpt taken from an article written by Ed Godle- wski for June 2. 1962 issue of Machan‘s Magazine? Mr. Go- dlewski was pilot of a helicopter which flow in the seal hunt OV< er P.E.Island. The following are his introductory remarks:

“This was my first scal hunt, and my last. Not bccausc somc of our furs wcro hijacked. and not because the job was too rough w though flying a hol- lcoptcr from the pitching dock of a scaling ship in a March blizzard is a hair-raising oper- ation. But I don’t think I could take cvcn a passive part in that kind of butchery again. I Wit 5 told that I‘d get over the spec- tacle of men clubbing baby seals, with their mothers trying vain- ly to protect their young. but I didn't. What I hadn't realized is

ALIVE. A man can stun and skin a scal in three minutos I think you will aurcc tha t,

the public should be aware of the situation. I am, 8112, etc.

READER m 3.3. L

made

Llar reader explained . w a s l Grey ‘many books are published : George

merican citi- 5

rlcnsnlion when I

'U

I easier In London than in Ottawa. l

I I

that because seals are hard to! kill, the hunters just beat thcm i senseless and then SKIN THEM 1 try out and the other five coun-

if the above remarks arr- Iruc.

i blameless In thls Instance, Lo - l diesel

National Geographic News Bulletin

ections are made after careful

consideration of book reviews, lblind often exceed supply. best - seller lists, rccommcnda- I one regional library, 170 people.

Requests for books by the;

In

tions from advisory groups, and are waiting their turns for the

suggcstious from the blind themselves. In one rcccnt letter. a regu- Ihat he an outdoor person and appreciate more Zane Another pointed "‘II that on Washington, Jefferson. and Lincoln, but that he would appreciate biographies of less- such

would

or - nown Presidents as Pierce, Garfield, or Fill- more.

Bccause of the rclativcly high

I

cost of transcribing books and 3

magazines, most titles are sel- ectcd with an eye to majority intcrcsts, though provision also is made for individual needs. Scattered over the country are groups of volunteers, work-

‘ing in co-operation with the DI- 'vision, who

stand ready

hand-print in braille material nccdcd for any reasonable pur- posc. Rcccntly, for instance. a blind man in a small New Jer- sey town was offered a job selling by telephone. Local vol- untech transcribed the town's Iclcphone directory for his use.

0 rs

four copies of a best~scller. But. research is fast develop- Ing new techniques to Increase the number of available copies by cutting over — all costs. From now on, talking books will he voiced on ten-inch . cords spinning 16 revolutions per minute, instead of on ld 12-lnch, 33 rpm records. The smaller, slower - turning discs contain more words per disc, with consequent

... 2‘ to

he had a

savings ;

° l iaspir‘in tablets in day (for arth- ; effect on at

l

I

both in money and in space re-;

quired on library shelves.

Improved tape recordings, too, offer opportunities for streamlined production. Al- ready. taped books are more compact and‘ lasting than the records. and. when demand slows. their surfaces can be erased and used again.

For those who read braille—— the touch system of raised dots devised by Louis Braille of France modern electronics promises other economics. Though the process Is not yet perfected, "mechanical - brain" computers may eventually able to punch plates of dot combinations at lightning spceds.

5' (I

Cold War Rules Changing

In Moscow chncsday. Soviet Prcmicr Khrushchev said cer- tain “wild mon" in the United

By Carma Canadian Pro

States are trying to push the, United States governmest into:

an invasion of Cuba.

In Oslo. Khrushchev's forcign minister, A n ' ' my 0. spoke on the same day of the “moderation” shown by both the United States and Russia in solving last October's crisis without war.

Cuban l

The two statements point up i

a trcnd on both sides of the‘

cold war to choose targets for criticism wit care; to avoid the sweeping bombast of a few years ago that condemned the ‘ other side wholesale. ' In Sovict statements the habit ‘ has boon to attack “certain ‘wa- mongering elements" rather than the administration itself.

In the United States the whole tenor of anti-Communist state- ‘ mcnts has altered - at least "from tho govcrnmcnl sector. It , is clear that from the govern- imcnt point of view there are ‘Communists and Communists: Yugoslavia and Poland quallfy for US. foreign aid; it is possi- l blc to do business Willll Russia; China and Cuba are regarded as intolerable. This differentiation reflects erhaps a more eful ap~ proach to propaganda by the Kennedy administration than by previous governments. For one thing, statements of the military are closely screened. There was a time when n rousing blast at

n Cumming ss Staff Writer

the whole eastern bloc was an essential part of any general's text for the evening.

Or take the case. of Viet Nam. Only In rare instances does an American official attack the North Vietnamese for backing the Communist revolt in South Viet Nam. This appears to be part of the larger government policy of soft-pedalling US. in- volvement in the civil war—a

policy that has been remarks--

bly effective.

Just as strange is the fact:

that Moscow appears to close Its eyes to the US. presence In

‘South Viet Nam while Ameri-

can correspondents there—com- :

plaining constantly of censor-

I

t l I I

lsoniazid Used To Prevent TB

By Dr. Theodore R. Van Dellen

SEVERAL weeks ago we an— swered a letter from a reader who wanted to know whether PAS or isonlazid were used in preventing tuberculosis. We as- sumed the question concerned a community project, in which everyone is given a few tablets daily to wipe out the infection.

This type of prophylaxis has been used to bring streptocoual Infections under control with penicillin or a sul onamide. Such plans are applicable when there is no vaccine to control ,a contagious disease.

Our answer reflects this as- sumption: “These drugs are used in the treatment of tuber- culosis but not in prevention." The next day I learned this was not the full answer. Community -wide isoniazid prophylaxis is being employed In a large area of Alaska. The death rate was reduced 70 per cent during the year the plan was in operation.

The Bethel area of Alaska was selected by the United States public health service be- cause it has a tuberculosis in- fection rate 10 times as high as the estimate for the rest of the

country. The study was well con- ‘

trolcd in that half the residents took isoniazid and the other half received an inert placebo. The drug did not prevent tu- berculosis from developing In some users. but the incidence of the disease was lower to the control group. The true evalua- tion of the method will require several more years of trial. Prior to discovery of the mod- ern antitubcrculosis drugs, the afflicted person spent months or years in sanatoriums before the disease was arrested. After this 50-50 chance of re- maining well. One out of two victims suffered a recurrence. The suburban Cook county

' division of the Tuberculosis In-

stitute made an attempt to con- tact all its former patients who ad not received isonlazid dur- ing the a‘ctivc stage of the dis- ease. According to Dr. Edward Piszczck, those people were gl- ven this drug to kill any of the

bacilli hibernating in the hcalg

ed lesions.

tuberculosis

It would be pointless for me to try to dispute the view that came something of a spoiled brat in the long ago days of my childhood, or that I have never quite recovered.

Only in the past week, how- ever. has It become cloar to me that the reason for what- ever pampering took place did not lie In my being the young- est child, much less a favorite child. It happened, rather because I was a clumsy child, a blundering child. and, In a great many senses, a stupid

d

H

il . ,

It was not generosity upon the part of my brothers that caused them to do the tasks

_ which ordinarily should have fallen to me n the contrary, it was their preference to do them in the first place, in. stead of having to do them over again. as was almost

certain to happen otherwise, after they had been fouled up by my fumbling.

BARELY HOUSEBROKEN

They acted in the realiza- tion that I was the kid who could be counted on to pull up the flowers rather than the weeds -- to smash the lawn- mower rather than to cut the grass —— to drop a jar of fruit ahead of managing to un- screw Its cap -— a kid who couldn't persuade a seed to grow, train a dog. handle a horse, or be trusted to master such mechanical marvels as a canopener. screwdriver. wrench, or even a hammer.

It happened, thus, that my childhood was kept virtually chore-free —- that I learned not even the rudiments of the jobs that are supposed to be done around a e —— be- cause my brothers and par- ents preferred to have me out of the way, and viewod me as more of a nuisance than a help, when any such labors had to be tackled.