Tle Gualdian

"Conn Prince lllwud lnlnnd Lin the Dew" Blamed can Int-day morning It 1015 Pmcu sueet Qulotutu-I. P.l:.l.. by III Tlolnnn canon: LL0-

M King St. W.. Toronto. uuuuui Olffee. as l'ntverIn)r Tn-r B11!!- III A. Burneu. Pubunu Inn Genernl Manager Frank Walker. Editor Member Canadian Daily Nexuplpel Published A 'lillI)lI Member of The Canadian Pieu ' Member Audit Bureau 111 lllrrulauuiis Branch morn II Summerude. Muulalur and llh1'H-1- Autlmrued II Second CII.-I Hill by the Fool office D1-paruneni. (mu-I A By taint-I (lharlulteluiln. suninu-r.-me 3111111 per an- Ium l-Llseuhere Ill Pl-2.l 31011 other PlIIklliCl'b and ti. 5 It: on per Imium.

.ttThe-sirgt:IO:eAs-timehiory is weaker than the weakest ink."

PAGE 4 rnimv, l)l12('. 211. 19716 4. .. ......-.

"Inasmuch ..."

'l”l111i11 are times w hctl l'1'11W' ”i' f'm.,-,,- lime to lie stern and perhaps . a littl1- 1'o1l;:li. Tliclr dutics 11111111 1 1111111 11111111 111111 111111-ii1iist11i11111s wl111l'U

t11i111111'-liaii1l111liit--s is not a xirtiic.

3'91, to must of 11111111 paticiicc is not

a straiii.:ei'. and 11111111 is ltillllillll) 1111

.. Class of i1111n wlio-e 1111.1rts heat 111111111 '1 rearlili in s31n11:1tl.5 with hu111aiisiil'- feriiil: and soi'i'1111. l111'1111i'b 1"'V1””9

in they see inorc than 1111-ir sliarc of F these things. A 11111.11 1111111i P011111 1"” writtcn on the ways 111 11111111 1110' 1: have lent a l1a1i1l to -1111111 11111111111111- 1 ate follow-beiiig. T1111 -W11 11151-"1111'"9 g were in the. news tl11- 1'l.111.-t11l21.s”1i11'1l. In Milwaukee 21 11r1l.1111112lI1 ll 11"

I. helped a little liliiid till 2l1'1'1'aS 31 I busy street heard a si11:j of 1-liildisli disappoliitment. The 1111111 111111. wlicil

asked what she waiitcd for tll1rist-

mas, replied that she liad sent hcr 1 order to Santa Claus but sl11- did 11-ct Suppose it would do 111111111 good. since other years her letters ha1l gone unheedcd. Back in the police station the patrolman told the sail story to his fellow officers who. one and all, decided this would never do. VVhereupon. they all chipped in and under at Christmas tree in the sta- tion placed a braille ivristwatcli, a phonograph. records. I briefcase. it

tens-all for the little blind girl whose heart was troubled.

Meanwhile. in Everett. Washing- ton. If little boy who had hccii col- lecting bottles in the railroad yards. hoping in that way to make enough money to buy a Cliristmas present for his mother. was run over by an engine with the result that both his legs had to be ampuated. Again. the police. joined by firemen and rail- way employees. went into action and raised enough money for the boy's present to his mother and in addi- tion. to provide funds for the very best artificial limbs.

In both instances and 11tl111rs like them ivhicli go unrecorded the divine dictum finds its way into the con- . .s11ir1nces of the givers: ”I1iasn1uci1 as 1 ye have done it unto one of the lcast 1'” of these My brethren. ye have done it unto Me."

It 1. Commonwealth Progress

Sitrcly the United Nations niu.-:t now be aware that while Russia is ltccpiiig satellite countries in line by the application of brute forcc. Brit- ain is moving steadily ahead in giv- ing itidcpendcncc and free gov11r11-

incnt in many colonial tei'rit11rics. 'l'hc r111-ord is there for all who will r1-ad it. but many critics. for their

own reasons prefer to igi1oi'11 the 1:1-cal iiiovcniciit towards frc-11lom 111' many British colonies. ller11 is what is happening in the ('omn1o1iw111iltl1.

The Gold Coast. in Africa. iiill on Harcii 5 of next year 11111-oine an inrl11p111i(lcnt tcrl'it1ii'y with full swif- g1nci'iim11iit.

11111111 law and 11r1lcr are i-11st11r111l in (lyprus. the British QliVPl'llfnPl”ll plans to introduce a new and lilicixil constitution by which Cyprus will be given a wide mcsisurc of s11lf-govc1:1- merit.

The Maltese prime minister has Q1 been called to London for talks on 1 I new draft constitution scheme. to

be followed by I new general election

1 in Malta. The new British Cariiihcan f11d- l; oration. made up or many West ' indies islands and territories. is be-

t ing established with its own logis- lature and all the necessary powers of self-government.

A new constitution. granting in- dependence to Malaya. is being pre- pared. and it is hoped that it will be passed by the British parliament early in the New Year.

The chief minister of Singapore wlllvinftbondtltllttbemnrfuture

pair of slippers and a pair of mit- ”

.hunIhIcoJL

plete self-govermnent. is to be held- soon.

All of these events combine to show that far from being imperial- istic in its outlook. Britain is going further than any other country in helping Commonwealth peoples to liccoinc iiitlcpcnclent.

Service Under Arms

To find opt why Canadians sene in the armed forces of their country, the National Defence Department's Bureau of Current Affairs held an essay contest. and the prize-winning entries have just been published. The lircadtli of view expressed by the t'.xsfl)ilSiS. says The tlitizcn. may in sonic iiicasuri-1 he a credit to the ll'1ll'l( of the biircaii. whigll is re- spuii-ililc for issuing topical pamph- 1111s and pl't)ITi0lllil,Z disciission of lll:'lll. For the wiiin111s and rui1iici's- tip in the competition are agreed that tkiiiada has an iinp11rtz1nt role in prcscrviiig peace and are proud to 1111111 their C0llnlf').' 1111 its inter- iiatioiial duty.

'lili11rc arc, of L't)ll1s1'. iii.1iiy pct"- soiial advaiitagcs and .-ziiislat-lions in scriiiig. Several lll'llt'l5 commend lll1' triuics training that is provirlcd. Tlicy appreciate d1-1-1-iit pay and s1111i11'1ly. They like the 1-11i1ii'ad11ship of tlic fo1'ccs and ”ili1- s11iisc of be- l11i1;;i111.; to a team. ol -iii1p11Ilt1Ill-Z 81111 iiciiiu supported by otlicrs." Some wcl1-1111111 opportuiiiticx to lrai cl. For tlicse i'11asoi1s they stay in uniform, even though often llicy know thcy could earn more in civilian life.

Hut beyond c11iisidcratioi1s like th11s11 there is a feeling that the ariiicd forces are contriliuting to the wcldiiig of a ('ai1adiai1 nation. Those who scrve abroad ”liave the chalice to extend the hounds of l'ric1idsliip." to back up their govcriiiiiciit as ani- liassadors to other people.

The xolunlcci' citiI.ci1-sol1iici' fccls, fiiially. that it is a patriotic duty to stziiid on guard for Canada's free way of life in 1-1 dliiigcrous world.

(lanadizitis can ht! proud of the en- listed man who sccs his job as a public service.

EDITORIAL NOTES

already

Itil;)1ill&ll1 siiipcrs have used small units of IZNEF for target pi'actice. What will happen when Egyptian forces start, shooting at tile main body of the U.N. force? Will there he retaliation? (111 will the l.'.N. 111111-cly pass a resolution askiiig hgypl to admit uiidcrtakcrs?

A11 ljgi ptian n c w sp a p c r has cliargcd that Sir Anthony Edcii "spent lllli:O sums of money on prop- aganda aimed at defeating President 1-glsonlmwci-” in November's election. Any day now we can expect to hear that a t'ongrcssional suli-committee has liccii appointed to inquire into this 21111-gcd liii-American activity.

I Q C

S1-111111111 Fraiiicis Tlicoiiorc ('.r1111i1S 01' m.111le lslaiid cvidciitly rlocsn't 11111111111 in early retirement. lie at- t11nd1-1l the recent NATO ni1111tings as an ofii('i.'il rPDFOS('lllallVC of the

i'nit111l Statcs and in January he wi'. tak11 over the Chairnianship of the S1111.1t11 l"nr11i:11 Relations Coniinittcc.

H11 is in his 89th year. 0 Q I T1111 I'11it11d States Aml1:1ssa1l1ii' to E'.;)lll is said to be have difficulty in :11ttiii: the iizyptians to u11d11r- siaiid tl11- ”coniplications" of l'nitcd Stat11s' foreign policy. That, how'- cwr, must not be taken to nican that thc rlgyptians are iackini: in iiitcllcctiiai strength or political as- tutcncss. O I

A group of 200 Buddhist scholars in Japan is now compiling and edit- ing a 101100-page encyclopedia on Buddhism in the English language. The project, initiated by the Budd- hist (”ouncil of Ceylon on July 6, l5l.'1.'i to commemorate the 2.5t)0th anniu1i'sai'y of the Buddhist Era. is scheduled to be completed by July. I957.

Dr1s('l'lhc1i by Dr. I-'. Cyril James. Principal of 1Vic(1ill University. as "one of the greatest projects ever contemplated for the ivcllbcing of mankind". research into ways and means of irrigating the barren areas of the world is about to begin. It was made possible by ll 32 million bequest from the late James Henry

Bruce, lntcrnntlonnlly-knovm engin- eer Ind President It Frner, BrIce l

SO FAR, SO GOOD

OTTAWA REPORT

Promotion For Marilimer

By Patrick Nicholson

(1'l"l'tWA: Dan Wallace. 46 year old 1-ivil servant from Nova Scolia may be developing into I new "grey eminence" behind the Prime Minister's throne.

He has just been appointed "ex-

ecutive nffitcr" on the Prime Min- 1 lster's personal stall. The official -1 announcement says that he will-

"uiiclcrtake various special pro- jects on behalf of Mr. St. Laurent and will gather and analyze in- formation for the Prime Minister'I use".

This stiilllds very like the brains- tru.-ing and speech-ghosting role so long and so ably carried out by former civil servant Jack Pickers- gill. noir Minister of Citizenship Ind Immigration.

in I946. Pickersgill was I routine lowly-paid secretary in the Prime Minister's Office. He was given I bit: step-up in status and salary by Prime Ttlinistcr Mackenzie King. as a farewell reward for faithful service. just before that P.M., re- tired. The Incoming P.M.. Mr. St. Laurent. iiiinicdiately learned to learn heavily on the immense poli- (it'll knowledge and ear-ttHbo- grass-roots attributed to Pickers- glll. Ry I953. he had risen to be the Prime Minister's right hand man. and was widely believed to he one of the chief strategists of the lnncr circle of the parliament- ary Liberal party.

Much criticism was levelled by the Opposition at the Ippnrent par- tlsansliip of I senior civil servnnt. Perhaps because of this criticism, Pit-kersgill stepped out from the in- tenderl neutrality of the civil ser- vice. and entered politics as I Liberal ()n his first day. he wII sworn in Is I Cabinet Minister - I step so far from the bottom of

the ladder that mIny long-service 1 Liberals were dlanppolnted to see

an outsider leap so lightly overp their heads. A few weeks inter. he 1

1 was elected to Parliament as the 1 member for I Newfoundland con- stituency.

Since that time. there hII been no top civil service brnlnI-truster 1 in the Prime Minister's office.

Now it is being speculated here that Dan Wallace will fill thnt gap. He is very able. very ambitions to Iucceed It whatever task he essays. and very much liked Ind 1 respected around 0ttIwI.

He worked for eight ycIrI I! de- partmentnl secretary, political Id- vlser. public relntions chief. friend and swimming , iuu to HeIlth Minister PIul Martin. Three years Igo. this Iblo Marl- I timer won Idvancement to I true 1 civil service job in the lmportnnt 1 rule of chief secretary of the Do- pnrtment of National Defence.

IN THE BRAINS TRUST

Of one thing there can be no doubt. DIn Wnllace now qualifies as I member of the "brains trust". thIt unpubllcised group of senior civil scl-vIntI who unofflclnlly de- cide the course of government.

Pickersglll in his civil Iervlcl days was one of the chief of that group. other prominent members include deputy ministers of key departments Iuch II Finance, Ind chiefs of government bodies Iucli II the Cnnndlnn Brondcnstlng Cor- porntlon and the Bank of Canada.

one brain-truster believed to be about to leave this group Ind even this capital is Ken Tnylor. deputy- mlnlster of Finance. He. It is be- lieved, la shortly to be Ippolnted to fill the role of ImbIIIIdor in our diplomatic service.

Conquering Kashmir

Judith Robinson in The Toronto Telegrnm

tlitawn - Let us hope thnt Ka.slimii' was discussed as tliorouglily as Suez while the Prime Minister of India and the President of the U nitcd States sat and rocked together on the side porcli at Getty.-iburg. PI.

Since 1949. Mr. N'.':hru's govern- ment lias been A U-N dcfaulter in

Kashmir: consistently refusing to ,

obey the U-N judgment Mr. Nehru himself Iskcd for. And all the while in the United Nations Ax- sembly in New York, Mr. Neliru's

spokesmen have grasped each ;

chance of denouncing nnuglity western powers who do not sub- mit all differences to U-N tralion and accept U-N decisions as their only law.

Kashmir and its 5 million people .

are no nearer getting IelHletcr- niinallon and I free and peaceful boundary settlement out of lndiI now than they were nine )'('lI'l Igo when Mr. Nehru first tried to annex the little border Illte by force of arms-

The attempt look the form of I surprise lnvulnn masked by In appeal for help from the corrupt and already dethroned Hindu ruler of I population fourth-flflli.-1 Mol- lem. Mr. Nehru the cbnmpion of freedom sent his Innles In to Inp-

press the newly-formed free gov- -

ernment of Knshmlr Ind restore the fallen mabIrI)Ih Is In lndtnn vIssIl. He found the tub more difficult than lie had expected. The Knsbmlris not only fought in

their own defense but enlled on p co-rellglonists in Pakistan to help i

Mr. . conquest slIllcd. with 1

them fight. Late in 1947. Nehruix half Kashmir still unconquered. Ind "II! in spite of the fact that he had let his conquerors seal carry him rather farther tbIn either Egyptln or lIrIeIl HII e in more recent differences.

ARMED OCCUPATION The Knslimirl province of lint for example, I'll oc- cupied by the Irrned forces of Mr. Nehruis government in Sept- ember of I917. Pnclflt-Itlon WIS achieved there. Ind I Hindu mn- jorlty II favor of Innentton to lock assured by mun: of daun- tbc Ietlvi

IrbI- 1

lnces of Knshmir eager to submit in Hindu rule. So in November of 1947. Mr. Nehru Ippcaled to the United Nntlonii Security Council to appoint I commission. The U-N commission was appointed In Mr. Nehru Inked.

And were the armed forces of lndiI thereupon withdrawn from Kashmir pending the commission”: Inquiry into the populItlon's pre- ferences in government? Not I bit of it. Indian troops Itnyed right where they hId been stopped, holding I line I('l'0SS the middle of but they went on fighting the pntrlot forces of Kashmir Ind their supporters from Pakistan for two years more. while the U-N commission Mr. Nehru had re- quested did its best Imong the . hostilities to get nets and reach

I conclusion-

ABBITIIATION REPORT

The commisslon'I report was

issued It last It the end of 1949.

An armistice wII ordered Ind

Igreed upon. An armistice line

was fixed lllll Icrosii the middle

of Kuhmlr. A U-N It-bltrntor wns

orderd. He win to be Ippolnted

by the Security Council Ind to de-

cide what should be the future of , Kashmir Ifer I free plebiscite

had been lie (I under U-N Iunplcet. I one condition Ill pnrtles to the Kashmir dispute wen required by the Security council to accept II Idvnnee: on the U-N IrbftrItor'I decision must be flIIl and equally binding on III.

This condition Mr. Nehru re- jected out of hlnd. He would hIvI no part of It. And thIt VII the int of Irbltntlon. The U-N com- mission VII dluolved Ind I U-N mediator I filled to mask its unit from Much to

PUBLIC "FORUM

1'hlI column ll open to the dIIeuI- Iton by correspondent: of quentlnn of interest. The Guardian does not men- Ilrilr emfniu the opinion of corru- pondento.

"WHICH DAY IS CHRISTMAS"

Sir, - in Saturday's issue of The Guardian. I read. with much interest, Henry. bearing the caption. "Which Day is Christmas Day"

Sure enough the New Testament

does not give us any details as to .

the exact time of the year when the Savior was born. It is prob- Ible that lie was born on the 28th of March. 3 BC. hccording to llippnlytus; or as per other divines was it the 6th day of April? These dates no doubt were reckoned "in terms of tradition- Is dntes of Christ's Resurrection". Old Christmas Day. January 6111. is most likely in the same category.

According to the chronology of the Great Pyrimld of Gist-h. as so ably presented by the noted Dr. Davidson in book form. this date. December 25th. appears to have

been -adopted for the first time in ,

the 4th century 1after Christianity hId been legalized by the Roman Empirel.

The transition from paganism to Christianity was made easy by the adoption of old Dalian dates for Christain festivals - December

In article by Richard.

25th was already I date sacred to 1

Osiris.

December the 25th ll nine months previous to October the 6th.. This former date is believed by many to have been when the Angel Gabriel paid his visit to Mary. So. is it not probable thIt Christ's Birthday was October 6th.. BC. 4, rather than Decem- ber 25th?

Much could be written as to the

1 I I 1 1 1 1 1

Medically Speaking

III:-unIN.lInIIIIn.Il.D.

ABDOIIINAI. NOISE! IIELP

DOCTOR DIAGNOII TIDUILE

Ever listen to your stomach? You'd be urpriaed It what it bu

to Iny.

The growls and gurgling of Ib- domlul on-gInI which I physi- eiII burn through his nethe- Icope leneully give him I pretty good idea of ivbat in going on in- Ilde. They Ild him in vIrlouI cIIeI. .

Origin of most of these sound: can be clullfled ll Ictivo or II puaive. 1

Active sound: In noises caused by the pIIIIu of contcnu of the Intestine Ind contractions of in- teItlnIl mulculnture. When the bowel is rllttentcd with gaseous or fluid contents, you cIn hear I i"liquld" sound.

PASSIVE SOUNDS

Passive sounds. on the other band, Ire produced when I por- tion of the intestine. which is greatly distended with fluid or gin, moves becnun of I slight chnnge in th , pItienl'I position or because ofi his breathing. in such instnncei. you can bear- with the Iid of I stethoscope. of course-I run of gin bubbles ris- ing to the Iurflcc of the fluid.

when this is heard. but there Ire no active sounds, it usually indicates that paralytic ileus is present in some degree. When fully developed pal-alysic ileus has I characteristic "melody" of high-pitched sound Is a few gas bubbles rise to the surface of I tense loop of intestine shifted either by respiratory or external movements.

incidentally. the pitch of these various intestinal noises is an- other distinguishing fcat.urc- This varies from the loud low rumble which undoubtedly has embar- rassed many of you time Ind time again. to I high pitched "beep" of an lntestlnnl wall light- ly Itretched.

in cases of Icute lntestlnIl ob- struction. high-pitched notes will be produced by the tense gut. in chronic obstruction. however. the pitch is low becnuae the bowel II not distended.

Abdominal noises Ilsa Ire In Iid in diagnosing Itagel of peri- tonitis. Incroued activity of the gut is noticed in locIl peritoneal irritation. The sounds of intesti- nIl movementn Iprclds ll peri- tonitis IdvInces.

Then. in general peritonitis. intestinal movements hIlt com- pletely Ind there Ire no Iolllldl at Ill.

QUESTION AND ANSWER

.i.A. What prevents I fracture from healing?

Answer: it may be due to im- proper Ictting, IcIr tissue or soft tissues improperly located be- tween thn llenllng Iltes of the broken bones.

Sometimes fIllurI to . I diet adequate in vitamins Ind minerals may be It fIult.

The older the person. the more prolonged the healing process.

years of His boyhood Ind young manhood. Holy Writ gives us very little information II to His Ic- tivlties from In 12 or 13 until I year or two previous to His min- islry. How many of us have made any endenvor to Iscertaln where

Christ spent those ycnrs. and with 1

whom was He Issoclstedf We know His uncle. Joseph. was trading be- tween the "isle: of the Sea" and Phonccil Ind Palestine. But for the present this is beside the point. Ind our Irtlclc is really concerned with Christmas Day. From what source cIn we get Iuthcntlc In- formation? My rculersi theory may be In good In mine.

I am Sir. etc.. G. ARTHUR CUDMORE, Charlottetown.

A SCOTSMAN'S AMICAN LOG

National Differences

Ry Wilfred Tnylor of The Edinburgh Scoumnl

Wilmington. Delaware We write these words sitting at I desk in front of I circular window in I book lined bedroom in I chnrm lng old Pennsylvania farm-house. I few miles across the State line from Delaware. l.Ist night out three kind hostesses held I party during which In eiglilsome reel and the Gay Gordon: were due- ed with merry vigour. "Now I see where some of our Kentucky square dances came from." said I guy young housewife slttlni liext to us.

We are looking out of the round- ed window. through the bare brnnchcs of I lrcc, to I peaceful green hillside and we feel that this is as good In opporunity as any on our sixth Sumlay in this coun- try. to mIkc I rounded Incu- ment between preconception Ind perception. We have now got used to some of the lnesscntial differ- encce in living. to the ice-wnler, to the small bath-tubs. to the ear- ly hours which the Ivernge Amer- lcIn keeps. to the virtual domlnI- tlon of cigarettes with tips. Ind so forth. 1”lf you are smoking your lIIt pack of ctgnrettes mIke such and such I brnntt Ind bave hep- py memories" is the gist of I env- lion to I cnrtoon we III! in I Inu-