Before the royal wedding a London policeman watches people sleep- lng on thc sidewalk along the route of the wedding parade. Thousands slepl on sidewalks, huddled against feilces, even slept in telephone booths.
MONUIV-"Bf. Nov. 2d _ The placing of orders for two powerful diesel electric locomotives was an- nounced from system headquar-t- HS today by R. c. Vaughan. c. M. G., chairman and president, can- adian National Railways. The locomotives consist of three units 01 1590 h-ft ‘each making two i-YiDle-unlt, 4500 horsepower loco- motives. They will be built by the electric-motive division of General ‘Motors and are the first road diesels to be ordered for Canada.
In announcing the purchase. m. Vaughan referred to the exhaust. ive tests made over c. N. R. lines last July with a demonstrator unit, An exacting schedule in heavy freight and fast passenger train services was fixed over 7.446 miles in 11 days. "Those tests", he said. "convinced us of the practical value of these diesels. They rep- resent a technical advance in motive power with which we will be able to continue to serve Can-
ada with the most efficient, eco- nomic aud modern form of land transportation."
The C. N. R.. he recalled. had pioneered the use of diesel units in regular service on the North American continent in 1025. A
A demonstrator struggles with police members of the labor‘ squad l5 mare than 633 persons rloietl outside tile Cory glass plant in Chicago. Police arrested 180 pickets on charges of disorderly conduct and incit- iiiz a disturbance.
there is a great loss of heat di- rectly behind the radiators. A piece of aluminum foil placed in back of the radiator will reflect the heat into the room and increase LllC radiators efficiency.
S0 if your house is not insulated well it works.
Now that colder weather is here. we are once again concerned with heat. and the best way to get good results from our heating equipment. And. here's a suggestion you migh‘. do acll in bear iii mind.
lf your house is riot insulated.
,.. ...
...w~.~.» ‘ _ ,_ .,. _ n‘ . Qp‘ h“ \!"
‘ _ First oaudion’ can: should lutlm worked in leveral Canadian cities and oper ated a
large number of them are in service. although they are a faf cry from the powerful giants now ordered. l-le cautioned; however. against under-raifig the worth of steam locomotives. The modern ‘steam engine, lie said. is the pro- duct of more than a century of motive power technology. Both in Canada anri ln the United States the bulk of inoiive power is pro-
opq next you. Butlin laid. and ho will limit size to 1.000 nods. dart game at the c. N. m; before startinl fie Vication iesort chain i: Britain. llere is kiddies‘ curuerfln 011B 0f hi! U- K- (M11115-
vlded by steam. Many factors valves and the locomotive i: lilust be weighed in evaluating ready to reverse. 11,5 directim. the nlerits of the two forms of The new dis=sels carry 3.600 motive power. gallons of fuel oil and can haul a Tho new streamlined diesels l00-car freight train under aver- can serve as heavy duty freight age operating conditions be- locomotives with a top speed of tween 450 and 500 miles before 50 ni.p.li.. or handle long. strinzl- refueling. Each unit is 151 r391, ard weight pilllmzin trains up to folir lnchcs long, 15 feet high 102 m.p.i*.. The units of 1500 from rails, and 10 {egg 7 inches
iorscpozver each may be coupled in combinations of one. two or three units to provide 1500. 3000 "or 4503 horsepower. Power is generated in three iii-cylinder two stroke cycle engines. any one of which may, be cut out of serv-
ire temporarily for repair work Running repairs may be made without interruption of service
including replacement of pistons. rvllnder liners and bearing shells. Current is led from the generator lo traction nloiors located in the trucks which are scared directly to
New Streamlined Power
THE. GUARDIAN. CHARLOTTETOWN ~ 0 ll ll Diesel Electric Locomotives‘
the drivino ulu. Pain of mot» on to each truck may be handled independently. '
An_ outstanding feature of the new type locomotive is its ability to start long heavy trains quickly and smoothly, and to keep pulling them at a constant speed up long Fades. A dynamic braking sys- tem enables the engineer tore- tard the train speed for curves or other conditions by loading the traction motors to check their lbeed without applying brakes to the wheels.
NH- Vaughan also mentioned availability as a strong point ili favour of the new road diesels. They require little water, carry fuel for long non-stop runs; and are free from boiler washing. fire box cleansing and ash remova‘ which tie up steam locomotives for ion‘ periods.
Automatic windshield wipers an: defrosters keep the windows of tlu locomotive cab clear in rain o- snow-stornls. Leather-covered sw:
vel aritnchairs afford comfort to both engineer and fireman. There is an unobstructed view of the right-of-way and approaches. No. draft rolldown windows provide cooling in hot weather. alld hot water heaters keep the cab warm in the winter. Two powerful air bogus are mounted on top of the ca . '
The simplicity of the controls" makes it possible for engineers of steam locomotives to take over the diesels after only a few practice trips with an instructor. Coiltroi cabs are located at. both ends of the locomotive. The engineer has only to move some switches and
wide. and weighs 350 lcns.
Tile Cultivated Blueberry
(Experimental Farms News) Among nativoflCanadiun fruits. the blueberry ranks high, says E. l. Eaton. Blueberry and Gran- berry Specialist. Experimental
um.
_ berry
marketed. means of establishing pure stands of low bush blueberries has been
major research project of the Horicultural Division of the Dominion Experimental Farms Branch.
cultivated Canada and
Farms Service. Kentvillc, N, s, Common in every province of the Dominion and most states of the Union. there are few homes where this delightful fruit is not enjoyed at more or less regular intervals. Fresh or stewed, in puddings. pies or tarts. mild in flavor and easily digested, there is a blueberry recipe for every taste,
Most Canadian blueberries he- long to one of three loosely divided KFOHPH- The “sour icp". the bille- berry of the woods or shaded places. is the most. common type in new clearings. The fruii ‘ls bright bule. sub-acid in flavor. and ripens in late summer. ‘The twigs and leaf stems are covered with iirly hairs mid the plant often branches from a distinct. woody crown. The crown is easily injured by fire and because of ihls. the "soilr lop" is usually replaced in older fields hy shiny leaf types which spread more freely by under. ground stems. Among the latter. pickers often observe the blue and the black frulted plants, Closer observation reveals many slate colored berries. and a study qf the color of blossom, shape of leaves. flavor and other plant characters shows a distinct gradation from the blue to the black with so many in- termediate steps that every blue- fleld is in fact a medely of varieties. The smooth leaf types are usually earlier and milder ln flavor than the "sour tops." Less generally known are the high bush types which in Canada are only found wild in regions where the winters are mild. as in southern Ontario. and western Nova Scotla. High bush blue- berries rarely spread by under ground stems and cach plant becomes a shrub or small trce. Th'e low typos are sold com- mercially in the Marltlmes, and in Quebec and northern Ontario lubstancial quantities are also B0 far no practical
found, although this is now a
The high bush types have been extensively in both the United States
o. s. been 5' ‘House forellli affairs oommittoo which io consld ering stop-gap air to Italy. trance and Austria. has
. . \ o! Ooinlnerco W. Arerell 1hr rlmrm, left. shown with Chairman Oharleo lnton of
Icons
t“ '4 Aflontlna of exploiting the world situation by selling wheat at enormous prices. The secre-
7 "i4 Amntinala measly large food-producing nation which has declined to co-operoio with other "l" in noun: the world's resources daring the noet-wnremmennr.
and there are a large number of named varltles of unusual ‘size and guallty. This type -is pro- pagated by rooting ihe new twigs
i
Panties and
Gloves.
Phone 55
This year ‘we have more gifts to choose from.
Bed Jackets.
'A Blouse or Sweater is always useful.
iAfter-Ski Socks are ideal for chilly evenings,
‘The Store That Fashion Built”
TllE GENEVA TRADE GGNFERENGE
(United Kingdom Information)
The following ls a summary of the United Kingdom Government White Paper issued in London on _Novo.'n~ber 18th summarising the general scope and results of the tariff negotiations at Geneva for the United Kingdom.
The Geneva Trade Conference occupied two stages:
(ii the negotiation of a draft charter which is now about to be considered by Ille World Con- ference on Trade and Employ- ment at Havana and
(2) the negotiation of a multi- lateral tariff agreement called The Cencral Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. ln addition to schedules of tariff rates. the latter contain! general provisions concerning most-favoured treatment. import restrictions. state trial"! 5nd practices like discriminatory in- fernal taxes which might frustrate the tariff concessions negotiated at Geneva. The General Agreement will not enter into force definit- ively until accepted by signatories accounting for at least eighty- five per cent of the total external
trade of all the signatories; it will rv-ma i n in force thereafter until rt “"* "'"'"~-‘. We lst of
January. i951. The United Kingdom Australia. Canrrla. France. Benelux and the U. s. A. have however agreed to apnlv the General Arsrcerrenf nrovlslonallv as from the lst of January. 194-8. As and when the text of the world trade charter now to be discussed at Havana is finallv approved. its provisions will supersede the cor- resonnding general provisions of (he General Agreement on Tariffs and trade.
between one-third and one-half. while a further £10 million of ex- ports should benefit from smaller concessions. The concessions made affect such staple United Kingdom exports as linen piece goods. woollen and worsted fabrics, knit goods, whisky and many machine- ry items including textile machinery and metal manufactures including bicycles. A large number of small concessions have been negotiated on individually less important items which, however. aggregate to a substantial figure.
(b) France: Concessions have been secured on some hundreds of items valued in 1938 at about f’! million. Important items in- volved are fresh fish. whisky and gin. chemicals. tires and tubes. woollens, clothing and agricultural tractors. Concessions are also ob- tained for cotton and ravon piece goods in French West Africa.
(c) Czechoslovakia: ‘The field of concessions ls estimated at million. Concessions are obtained on cotton yarns. woollen and worsted tissues. whisky and as- bestos products.
(d) Benelux: The field covered by concessions is approximately {l4 million. There are reductions in the new union tariff on certain foodstuffs. grernophoneo. knitted
piece goods. sanitary wear and carpets. Concessions iotall-in z some £6
million have also boa-n obtained in Norway. Brazil. cure, Lebanon. syrliand China.
the United tarlff con-
'!'he scope for Kingdom to _ secure cenlons from other Common- wealth countries was necessarily limited in view of the existing preferential arrangements, but im- portant- concessions (reductions and bindings of duiiesi have been gained over a wide field of ex- ports; examples are agricultural and industrial machinery. electri-
The detailed tariff schedules annexed to the General Agree- ment are extremely voluminous and it will fake some time for. those concerned to reach a full‘ assessment of the scope of the concessions made. Al regards the‘ Ufliifll Kiflfidozn tarriff interms, of i938 prices and the 1M8 pattern; of trade. the United Kingdom has} agreed to make rur-ressions underi which foreign countries participat-l lng at Geneva stand to benefit on: trade valued at about £30 milllom: The United Kingdom has also agreed to the reduction lfl other Commonwealth countries of pre- ferences at present enjoyed by United Kingdom goods. Many of these reductions are on a relative- ly small scale but some curtail margins by one-third or over one- half and in a few cases preference margins have been completely eliminated, In 193a the value of United Kingdom totafgoods af- fected by these alterations of preferences amounted to £36 million. out of a total value of imports from the United Kingdom of £207 million, i.e.. l'l Per cent of the United Kingdom goods ex- ported to Commonwealth countries. As regards concessions gained hv the United Kingdom. Britain stands to gain increased trade in the parliclperimz forelvn countries over trade valued before the war at I29 million and £96 million ln respect of bindings and reductions of rales of dutv remectlvelv. A: regards Commonwealth countries. the values of trade covered by bindings and reductions of duties rm United Kingdom goods are £15 million and {l2 million re- spectively.
The following brleflv illustrates the scone of com-nylons from which (he Untied Kuwdom will stand to benefit in Imne of the fnrel-m cnlvntriea concerned.
(at The T1. .4. A: fin flaw-r! "inllrlom r-"Mrh to the Writer! Ststes. vcluevl in i988 at 21B mliiwv. U. §. duties are halrcd:
1n peat. Special rare is needed in the choice of a site. in pruning.
in cultivation and in fertilizing.
duties
rm "oiicd "’lf"""""l exam-h- vr-VIIFR at about 110 million in 1W- U S. are to be reduced by
cal and motive power machinery. textile piece goods nnd made-up goods. lacc. carpets linoleum. chlriaware. glassware and other consumer goods. In the particular case of Canada not only have many preferential rnfes of duty been reduced in favour of the Unltcd Kingdom. but the rates of duty have been hound against ihr- ln- crease over a very much wide-r field than before. ArcnrriinElY Canada suggested to the United Kinvllom and ihe other Common- wealth countries that (he OD"fll"-
CHRISTMAS isn't very far away. Now is the time to choose your gift. Dainty Slips. Gowns, Beautiful Housecoats, Bags, Kid and Wool Fur and Wool Mitts.
Numerous other items.
iW e have beautiful gifts for the babies and children up to 6X.
THE FASHION SHOPPE
Great George Street
their sxolsting agreements with Canada with the object of free- ing each Government from the contractual obligations contained in those agreements to maintain stated margins of preference. while each Government should confirm its intention to continue to accord the preferences remain- ing after the entry into force of the General Agreement. Letters exchanged between the United Kingdom and Canada revising the United Kingdom-Canadian Trade Agreement of 198/! are published.
Reference has already been made to the concessions made by the United Kingdom as regards
the reduction or elimination of preferences enjoyed in other Commonwealth countries. These
concessions were a. valuable con-
irlbutlon to the working-out of i
the multilateral agreement. The LunCCSIlOTlS made on Individual margins of preference, however. ded not by any means involve an
abandonment of the essential structure of the British pre- fr-rential system. The following
are the percentaile figures for the field of trade in Dominion markets on which the United Kingdom has hitherto enicyed guaranteed pre- ferences which (a) remain un- affected bv the concessions made at Geneva and (bl on which existing preferences have been comnlefclv eliminated; the residue ls divided almost equally between reductions of existing margins of preferences by less than 35".- and bv more than 35"; respectively. hilt small reductions prerlcmlnafei
Canada (at 44% (hi i°"'r. Australin (s) W’? (hi 1%. New Zealend (ai 63% (bi 2"». South
Africa (at 89"» (b) 3"». Tndla and Pakistan (at 64% (b) ‘Vi, fotril (a) 70% (hi 5%. In so far as the reduction or elimination of these "references affects the Unlied Kingdom. the United Kingdom has secured due compensation in it! negotiations for tariff con- cesslons from llie foreign counirY or countries primarily lflf(‘““.<f¢'fl nr, alternatively. (he United Kin:- Ilom lias accented in exchange tariff concessions from the rom- mnnwealih country according in the preferences and has thus en- abled iha last named to claim credit from the foreign country concerned.
Nrie; "Benelux" is the namr; o
which the "Economic Union"
Belgium. The Netherlands and
tunlty should be taken to review Ll-‘Xemblmr! h“ udwted"
'1
Capital goods imported from the U. S. will the full details of the plans to conserve U. B. cur rency is implemented by the government.
Douglas C. Abbott, right. as minister of finance.
can R. Gray. Jr. (above). vioe-
president of the
Chicago North-
western Railroad and a War-tin! Brigadier General. has been nam- ed by President Truman as Vel-
erans Administrator Gen. Omar Bradley.
to succeed Bradli!
will become Army Chief of Btafl
when Gen.
~v _
Mo]. Gen. Bennett
Eisenhower retires.
E. Meyers.
former Army procilreinrilt officer.
test ‘runny before investigating
revealed ill Senate War
the sub-
committee in Wnshlngfoil. that he
had had a “love affair" with Mildred Lamarre iribovei.
Lamarres hilsbrlnd. president Aviation Electlrc Co.
Mrs. Mrs. of
previously
testified he had_ rc-bated.most of
his salary to Gen. Meyers.
announced the most inclusive revision of our
be determined by Rt. Hon. C. D. Howe. left. ll
Ham exd
port dnd import regulations ever attempted in Can adion history. Mr. Abbott said that though our prod ductlon is high, the “state of tbe rest of the world" forced a measure of austerity upon us._