r =m>~»=-.-:rrm ~ ' 3 I »,,k__~_.,..,,_.,_..5

DECEMBER zs. 19:15 .,-_—-.. z breeding stock at d» nourish uu '

was . of an inferior

n l. I TY '°" "m TIIILY nor-u on roncs ' . NIBMG where Mill-dill! animals

with very desirable m: qualities 9ONNECTID W”.

r1111: rmmzurrluirirrww GUARD!»

é ‘A zvswsr zvorss

D I e G "YER fflxfs crevasse’ ‘if 5-, p‘ F - a " MATING {anghhthera moire ‘diiffertent W10? I Vver . ox annlng - I€=~.‘T...~*°v.: 1°?“ s i" "m ~ v" sandals..." has: (fly o. Ennis Smith, Superlntend- o so of new“! In The r ' Fur - " - 1n e " (Kelliher, dusk.) under Y m‘ » we, Experiments! Fox Ranch, third generations W" "l"! 1°!‘ London had record quantities of the direction of President A. C. A Dumb“ °‘ u“ w“? m“ a “n” “Mum”! by m” "we" Bu‘ _ . Bummerside)" breedlna burrow» there tarot a saver .1»: offered for sale, as a Smith. assisted by their Iionorary °°"l°n'-"'°"» “W” W" (""1 9°" 1”“ "amm" “Us °‘ m“ “m” , _ . . 8111810 demand of many 0! thew comparison with figures of the pre- President A. K. McNelll. fminder of m" “m m 5"’ mmmn’ 5mm“! which u“ “Infill” We" “u?” t e ' 1 (ram- n) Mes the h ntthe present vious December will show. at l-lud- the fox industry in that district; I Rm" "m" We! W mid“ i° ‘Xmm 1° "Mimi's °°mmW~ ~ - - . time. very racliih nolmmoue son's Bay Company sale 11134, 4.0a: held the 11m auction sale of pone I1"- Ilwder ""1 4'11"" 1" "8""- "imn with we. emit“ M 01d

with his countenance ‘nandsome

In the first part of this paper the contention was brought for- ward that‘ quality in the fur of sliver foxes was the all important factor from a breeding standpoint, e quality independent of colour. density, life and lustre; that there might be outstanding inherent quality, yet the fur of the foxes might be off colour, open and lack- ing life and lustre, whilst foxes might have a favorable colour, a. good density and desirable life and lustre, and still not have inherent quality, and with such foxes breed- e13 were against an impossible pro- position to make any decided im- provement in their breeding stock.

continued improvement‘ could be made and ultimately a better colour. a greater density and a more desirable life and lustre could be obtained than with average foxes. Evidence was presented which demonstrated that even leading fox breeders had sold for a mere song the foxes produced i_n their ranch with superior furquallties and had not retained the best foxes that they had ‘produced for breeding purposes. Also a still more serious

pelted. which was a severe loss to the silver- fox industry as a whole, these foxes being killed off because the quality was not labelled with colour, density, life and lustre, the only characteristics that they could associate with quality. Obviously for fox breeders to make an improvement in their breeding stock, it is very necessary that they should retain for breed- ing purposes the foxes that have inherent quality that they pro- duced from year‘ to year, and one of the most important breeding pro- blems is to recognize quality. If box breeders have used a systematic

have marketed their pelts in such n. manner that they are actually swans of- e market value o1 the pelts» of ‘_ foxes raised in their ranch, V ‘are in a‘ better position to attaclfthelr breeding problems than those breeders who have mated their foxes in a promiscu- ous manner and. sold their pelts in a haphazard method. The evidence of where the quality lies in every

There is ‘no royal road to sliver fox ranching. and like every other sound and profitable business, a

ried ongby sitting in the office writing advertisements or study- ing pecligrew: pedigrees may help. but fox breeders must get in- to their ranches and study the foxes individually and take advant- age of every source of information. working in a. systematic method so that all the facts msociaiod with their foxes as available as pos- slble, so that they actually know what they are doing. If a person is conscious of his ignorance on any particular phase affecting his he gathers information on that livelihood, wittingly or unwittingly, phase and eventually becomes well posted, but if he is ignorant of his ignorance, inevitably he will re- main ignorant. The majority of fox

well versed that worms are not a menace nor any worry to them at

they do about foxes. It would be to the advantage of all fox breeders to realize that they have a great deal to learn about foxes-

Whcn the Experimental Fox Ranch was established it was the agreed policy of the Department of Agriculture that the ranch should not be stocked with high-class animals, and it appears to have been a very wise decision. It is f}l_i_l'_ll>v_vell_k_nown that the initial

Limited

method iri mating their foxes and’

male produced 42 pups that were raised to maturity; while many of his offaprings were used for breed- ing purposes for several generations, except the offaprings o1 one of his grand-daughters, there is not a single other descendant _of this fox in the ranch 0n the other hand. there is one femaleraised in the Exp: (mental Fox Ranch .that had at the beginning of the present pelting season, 105 livmg descend- ants. Probably of all the females retained for breeding purposes. this female appeared to have ’been judged as one that was of the most inferior type, I was always particularly partial to this female. In the first place as agrowlng pup

“sapoointed in the way in which she finally furred out, but she al- ways produced foxes thset were bet- ter than herself. The are six generations of this particular female in the ranch, which include all the improved type of foxes. Tracing the genealogical lines through which the greatest im- prcvement has occurred has brought out very striking and most important points. The improve- ment was not through the off- spring: in the differeflt generations

through lines of foxes that were in; clined to be off colour, open, coarse in texture. and the fur lack- ing in life and ‘lustre. This female raised 2'! pups to maturity. It should be stated here that the female herself was a product of an. outcross, and so was her mother. A large number of her daughters were outcrossed on account of the fact of having a lot of single males from different-ranches, and each time an ouixzross was made the lines following the ultimate im- proved condition were through foxes whose fur was inclined to go off colour, very open and very coarse. and it was only when we started to inbread that the lines of improvement went hand in hand with the desirable qualities with regard to colour. density. texture, life and lustre. Whilst there is not sufficient evidence yet to state definitely that with outcrossing the outstanding quality in the suc- cessive lines might pass through foxm pelts demanded higher prices. despite the fact that they were off

densit texture, life and lustre. be recognized? The female in question. herself although very poorly fur- red and very underslrable looking.

became very bright and very con- spicuous, the individual hairs hav- ing a greater size and diameter than those of the average‘ fox. al- though she was relatively short fur- red. Therefore, in speaking of size we are not dealing with length. With her offspring in the same litter, some had coarse and strong fur, while others had relatively fine and smooth fur. without show- ing signs of being weak. With the foxes having coarse and strong fur the silver became brighter and im- proved in colour during the breed- ing season, although kept in open pens and subject to inclement weather went off colour during the fall months, yet invariably they im- proved in colour during January

improvement took place, the fur of the foxes had a greater size and

This could be readily determined by the “feel" of the fur. When in- brooding was carried out in the particular genealogical lines that showed improvement, there was a most marked improvement in the fur of the foxes and immediately there was a production of foxes that had every improved colour, density, texture. life and lustre

It would appear from the study

64 Queen street, London, E. C. l. Ihllllfli

of the results obtained in the Ex.

of

Public Auction Sales

January . April . October Special Silver Fox "sole.

December 10

Foffulf particulars floor-ding shipments unis to

Alfred Fraser, ‘Inc,

838 Seventh Averill. New York

June 8 ,

skins were catalogued, while this December 16,018 skins were offered. In addition there were 5,535 skins offered in November, a total increase in November and December of 19% over the highest previous offering.

The quality of the collection was a considerable improvement on the skins oflered in November, although the colors were by no means so bright. The skins were almost en- tirely of Scandinavian origin, it be- ing too early in the season for more than a. few hundred Canadian pelts to be included.

The offering created widespread interest and competition was well

ware France, England and Belgium, and 89% of the offering was sold; in fact practically every skin which did not have excessive limits. It was noticed that a preference was shown for the half and three-quar- ter silvery skins. ’

The following are the highest prices for the different markings. Dark and slightly silvery $41; One- quarter silvery $52; One-half silvery $152; Three-quarter silvery $155;- Bllvery $90.

auction houses such as Frederick Huth d: Company, Lampson s: Company and Anning 8a Cobb. The Norwegians and Swedes no doubt took advantage of the fact that their pelts were up tothe miwilte in fur quality and flllcd the market so as to have them disposed of prior to the arrival of the Canadian goods. _

The remark with regard to color is rather interesting and shows that although this season has been the most favorable one for years from a silver fox standpoint in Norway and Swede r, yet even then their colorings we're not outstanding.

The writers opinion regarding fox foods procurable in ‘Norway has brought me to the conclusion that they cannotcven under the most favorable conditions produce as clear colored pelts as we can in this country. If that is correct we have something to come and go on in the future, although all evidences point to the Scandinavian countries being

The British Medical Research Council which has had a. committee studying the wide range of subjects

yond all comprehension.‘ Experi- ments that have been made in treating the offspring of animals with thymus extract have produced a remarkable precocity of develop- ment" the council reported.

When only a few days old baby rats were as advanced after thymus injections as they normally would have been in a month. After being treated for three generations the rats have been born with teeth. At a few hours afterwards they grew fur and could swim and run when two weeks old.

Our show foxmennin fact all fox fox ranchers, will be interested in the above, I am confident. Perhaps

show. It all seems very simple as explained by the British Medical

The Kelliher_ Silver Black Fox you‘ ental Fox Ranch that size and diameter of the fur. independent o1 length, is the most important quality in the fur of silver foxes. If the fur should be fine and lack- ing in size, although iii may have length, while it may be possible to produce animals having fairly favourable colour, density, texture, and relatively clear silver, yet it appears practically impossible to make any advanced improvement:

tain such for breeding purposes are "up aginst a brick wall" regarding improvement. On the other hand. given a fur of a large size and diameter. while the-fur may have a brown shade, may be coarse, open and lacking in life and lustre, yet with proper methods o1 breeding and feeding. a type of fox'can be

cember 10th.

this season.

peltries which

the London s

$23.

December is

ver foxes

merits, and

along?"

that the Un

superior to that which can ever be obtained with foxes that have fur of a smaller diameter.

(To be Continued)

NOTE: 'I‘ho Roport of the Superin-

auctlons and

Publicity, Publications

rruifn’ T

AI entirely different method. ruoouana nnnurvrcn . Io m flrlII. elulilo belt or cruel lprili ‘m! gouge. No human, LII . l’ DWI. (immunised. Write o IIITII IANUIACTUIIING COBIPANI

. "'"°"- °"'" 1m hich Russia will af- the further n inn 1m will be , ffggrlapientaifztllrewithafqfldll-Ntlldbdb lndhls. _,

Branch. l

Iondon sales. but it is our bdief met the great bulrof them is dis- posed of in Shanghai. Yokohoml other cities of the Blot, where ladies of fashion are as filly about ‘their hlbiliments u those of Paris

and

or London.

Discussing no nursed uriwl

quite successful.

only long hours many hours of thouSh

twelve mqiths? m-ed to secure i have not been a e,- on anything tangible. For in- stance we were told that Russia had imwrtcd some woo Than“ no one seemed to

l. , °' 8M p“ '8 1.1.11, nor 111d the:

know definitely W know from Whelwe they calm-

iarming in the l blossom. If correct such

founded on a

With trefcrgnce 3m’! torlal i is ‘lad mam o‘ soviet

have herds tote and ten thousand not placed wry markets as Yet. handled throuBh semi" ' are the cull was and

ever held in Saskatchewan, in the Community Hall on Tuesday, De-

Twenty-six ranchers placed 168 pelts on the sale. With the excep- tion of a few extra good pelts thel! were all sold. Ranchers and buyers were satisfied and the sale termed The general pub- lic was much interested and many pictures were taken of the display in the Hall and also outside. Sev- enty per cent of all offerings were sold at an approximate average price of $40. H. Isrnan estimates that close to $100,000 worth of fox pelts will be sold from this dlstf-I.

others witnessed a demonstration of grading, lotting. eto., by Colonel U. G. Dawson and assistants, at the Charlottetown Fur Sales Company plant Thursday. They enjoyed it very much and watched with the keenest interest the colonel‘: meth- ods of sorting and letting ready for shipment the large number of

were on hand.

The visit of C. C. Avard 0! 5W1!- ville. N. 3.. to this province Lost

ville Tribune. Mr. Avard is a gifted writer and a man of manyparts. For years he has conducted a large ranch ‘at Backville, now built up to 500 breeding foxes. and carries on an extensive printlnfi W815“! where numerous publications are l8- sued, besides being active in sev- eral other spheres.

He is an intimate menu of Lowe Thomas and visits that versatile man two or three times a YNY- 1n fact we believe he is responsible for interesting Inwell in silver fox farming. As our readers are prob- ably aware. Lowell has dill" '- num‘ ber of pairs at nu country estate near New York and takes rather more forest in them than In! other live stock about the alwa-

The silver fox auction at Osl0.

Nwwam whm‘ w“ hem mom“: to Castle at Dllston was being re-

ales, had a very

attendance. The market was firm- The full silvers had to be wit-h- drawn because the limits were too

in great demand and sold well, the Danes being the biggest burere- The average price for all skins Bull W86

$31. The averaire price for l?

The following editorial in the Gmadlan Silver Fox and Fur 0f “There seems to be a fear that Russia W111 be the strong contender 1151111514 Canada in the production of silver my; pelts. There have been I11 kind! o1 reports or rumours on the 1mm bar of animals purchased bl’ the United States of soviet Russia. and the fear l5 that production will 50011 ‘be on a large scale in that country- One prominent fu native expressed the‘ 0P we are inclined to _that silver foxes or tel- any other cannot be BT04

interesting.

v&

_,___. Another rumour is that do?!“ T9‘ oently gathered together 10.000 ll!- io establish silver 30X and of the chem’ large scale

like the

rzirasio have been imPmunl m”

many

attheolcseof ll-fiifllml

r- house represen- inion-and agree with him for that main. kind of live stock. uoed by forced or

of manual labor but t and plan-

we have endeav- his information but 9s put our fin!‘

ctual smaller ship- proverbial

snowball, gather size as they 7°11

the above edi- comment

pairs. They have pelts on the those sold beinl

OM)

and noble, and expressive of open- ness and benevolence 0f character. The Rev. Robert Patten. to whose “History of the late Rebellion" we are indebted for many interesting pa. ullrs, thus bears witness to the character of the mrl, though it was to the interest of the his- torian to disparage him: "The sweetness of his temper and dis- position, in which he had few unis, had so secured him the a!- feotion of all his tenants. nelsh‘ hours, and dependents. that multi- tudes would have lived and died for him; he was o. man formed by nature to be generally beloved; BM

A; h, lived among his own people, than he spent his estate; Ind con- tlnuolly did offices of kindness and good-neighbourhood to everybody as opportunity offered. He kept a house of generous hospitality and noble entertainment which few in that county do and none come up to. Rn was very charitable to poor and distressed families, on all oc- casions. whether known to him or not. "As the clergymsws “History" is a contemptible recantation of his connection with "this mad as well

a feeling of surprise at so striking a- testimony to the young Earl's nobility of nature. When he was in his twenty-third year Lord Derwentwater married Anna, daughter of Bir John Webb. of Canford. in Dorset. This lady had been placed in the Convent of the Ursuline Nuns, in Paris. to com plete her education; and the young people had become acquainted a‘. the Court of 8t. Gennains. By one o1 the ' ' r stipulations in which the peop!e of those times indulged. Bir John was obliged to provide residence and table for the young couple for two years; thLs was in- serted in the marriage contract, no doubt at the instance of the lady, who is described as oi rather im- “’ temper; and in consequence the Earl and 1.. resided for that space at the mansion o1 the Webb family. In the meantime the

modelled, and a west front was be- gun-but never finished.

.rn the autumn of m4, the 15m returned to his ancestral ' home.

made among the Jacdbites for a rising in favor of the "Pretender" _, to the British throne. On August

of suspicion to the authorities, by his well-known sympathy and con- nection with the house of Stuart. that they issued an order fdr his arrest. It wou‘d have been well for him had they succeeded in doing this. but warning had reached the Earl, and he withdrew from Dils- ton, hiding himself. according to tradition, lrpthe cottage of one of his dependents in the wild and al- most inacoessible region of the Lih- nel's Bridge. The prospects of the rising were not very bright; in-

tative fur man some weeks ago, we stated that it did not seem reason- able that Russia could compete suc- cessfully against Canadian or Nor-

for meat as a ration, unless dcssi- cated whale meat, which is sold

tlon are composed of about one- third dessicated meat products --

altar at POIIIETDHB in the valley of the South Tyne, was the receptacle of their correspondence. and a little boy. clad in “the fair- ies‘ fatal green; came in the twi- light every evening to collect their letters, and in dGposit others. which were “spir-ited" away in like manner. Messages were also car- ried by female equestrians-the two helresses of Capheaton, members of the Swinburne family. doing good service in this way. The lad- ies of the countryside, it may be said, were the most enthusiastic supporters of the t: tender, and the story runs that on one of the