_ PAGE FOUR . TllE

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Morning Dally (Founded in 1887i Authorized as Second Class Mall. PM‘ om” , Department, Ottawa , President: Lieut. Col. W. Cheater S. MeLure Vice-President: J.‘ a. Burnett. v4.1. Secretary: Lieut. Col. l). A. Maeliianoa. 9-5-0- lditor and Managing Director: J. B. Burnett. F. 1.1. Assoclais Editors: Frank Walker and [an A. Burnett. “The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest Ink."

TUESDAY, JANUARY 22, 1946

Island Floral

A" Emblem

_ The proposal] to select .1 floral emblem for Prince lzdward Island, suggested recent- ly in “The Educational Horizon" and indors- ed by “Ag:ic0la" in Saturday's Guardian, is certainly on»: worthy of corrgidgratlorh A5 ffl/lflfrlflllfl" PQiiiis out, such euiblctns have beg“ in vogue elscvslicre for a ht"! time classic c,“ lmplcs bcviuy: thc Rose, Thistle and Shamrock Of the lllillftl Killfldom and the Leek repre- lenhq Wales. Six of the nine Canadian Prov. inces, though their Legislatures. have already chosen floral cmhlcuis. The Illavflowe; was chosen by Nova Scotia in I901; thg Anemone by Manitoba in I906; the Trillium by Ontario 111 I927. !he_\\’1ld Rust-div Alberta in i930, the violet by .\c\v Brunswick ill i937, the Prairie Lily by Saskatchcivan iu I942.

The Educational Horizon makes two

suggestions Wilil regard to a. Prince Edward Island choice: the Marsh Marigold or the Orcliis (Cypripediiiml- “Azricol-a" adds the March Clmlllefflll 5nd “IV Cflrvdalis to the list. Doubtless there will be many other suggestions 1f the idea is developed. _ It is noted that in sonic of the other prov- inces the floral emblems were selected by vote 0f the Women's Institutes, 0r by Horticultural Socicties. IIcre, too, is a good idea. The “Fo- mens Institutes may be, expectgd to lake a apecial interest in the subiect, and tllefg i5 no doubt that ther would be quite competent to make a satisfactory choice.

In any Case, it is to be lIOped that this very interesting suggestion will be followed up. '

._.___________ Canada's Torch

Some day a five-foot gqfgh, brightly paint- ed and sent from Canada in the darkest days of the war as_a symbol of Canadian devotion to the cause 0t freedom, will stand in a place of honor in the (jhurchill bluscu .

lhe torch-with a painted flame——which was tlown across Canada and ivas the centre. Plfice in Victory Loan ceremonies in different cities, was tircscnted to Winston Churchill in the gafdfll- {It IO Dowmrlg Strggt by Veterans Affairs .\liiii-;ter Mackenzie on luly 1, 1941,

.\Ir. hlnlilifillllc said in itreseiiting the torch that it Yfibrvscnted Canadians’ will-to-win, their devotion and ricalhlcss resolution in fighting the war. [he British Prime Minister received it with words of appreciation, '

lhc torch was plated tiinong Mr. Churchill's posscssions at IO Downing Strcct, the Prime hlinisters rc-si-tlencc. Only a few weeks ago it was removed to his Hyde Park district 110mg along with illtstratetl addresses and numerous other guts presented while he held the highest Brill-h govcrutricnt office.

Members of his staff said the torch was among his treasured possessions, Mr, Churchill evcntually would group all his gifts in a small museum.

British Honduras Boundary

Lmidoii commentators call attention to the doublc significance of the United Kingdom Government's suggestion H, the Guatemalan buirrmncnt llliil the cigli-y-scvcii year old llritisli llumlurns boiiitrlary dispute- sliould be submitted i» lllr Zl(l‘lll(llCZ1llf-11 of the Interna- tionzil Court of 11151;“. whim 55 to be 5,3, up as thc priiicilvi! {Tlllflill nrgtiit of U. N. O,

The llinllil\ of the Anglo-Guatemalan Iljltfill)’ dispute is .1 lilClllfcofllllC story. Thg first, _\HJ. sh fililliClllclll in the ULIElIIJUIlIOOd of Bel- Ilc River m uhicli stands the Belize capital of flu: (‘ivurn (‘t-lmiv of llritislt llonduras dates hilll W Iihuiu "-53. Tln- lhlilc llclizc is traced lo a Spanish cprrztptiuii of ilzillzicc. Licut. Peter \\':il|:ict‘, :i Liiliruis biirruugcr, was the first liiiglishinzin to sl-ltlc on llilizc River. The (Ti-own (itlwzir it liflllsll Honduras grew part- lv Hut of tin- >L'ill(‘lllLlll of British colonists, iiiaiiv 0t lhu .'| llllt't'lllll'l'l‘.i, in defiance of Span- llh sovcreigitr uvvr (fcmrzil America, and Plllll’ m1! of trailing concessions granted by sPéllllt to llriltsh settlers.

_ Amid Llli; inzizc ol wins waged and treat- ies concluded bciwccu Eiigizntd and Spain from 1Z7‘) l0 I314 i: is not easy to define the pre- cise moment at which British sovereignty over .thc colony became iuridically effective. Suffice it to say We l-i-itish Colony was in existence long before Guatemala came into being as a result of her declaration of independence in 182i. ' In i359 the Anglo-Guatemalan Treaty was coitclutlcd and ratified ileliiititing the frontier between (iunlcnizila tmil British Hondurh, .Undcr Article Seven of that Treaty the two parties undertook iointly to construct a means of communitati-m between the capital of Guate- mala and the fittest point On the Atlantic ‘coast near llelize. This Article has never been implemented despite persistent efforts by the United Kingdon- Government which offered to fulfil its shire of mutual obligations there- under. Again and again the United Kingdom Gdveriinient oftered to nay fifty thousand. J _ ' llllllti ‘illall’..l"irlflls‘lllilmlnif.1???t‘: Y - looted by he Guatemalan Government as it rejected in 1040 the two British Proposal: to safer the‘ dispute to nrliltfalioti. ' -»~ Fqr.~tliese' reasons thb United Kingdom lGoyei-nnient cannot agree that it i: solely or even .954: Ithme for the failure to implement . .

Article Seven, or in any case that the failure to implement Article Seven would render the Twit)’ 0f 1950 null and void. Nor does the United Kingdom Government consider that even if the 'I‘reaty were void there would be any reason why any part of the territory of British Honduras should belong to Guatemala.

Nevertheless the United Kingdom Govern- ment declares it". a note to the Guatemalan Gov- ernment date lanuary t5 its willingness to submit the dispute to the International Court of Justice and to abide by the court's decision.

r-EDI TURIAL ND IES-e

Queen Victoria died this date 190i. I I I I

More zero weather this month than for many years past-not exactly suited to shipping potatoes. w. w :- a Several British whaling expeditions are l0 b‘! equipped with Radar apparatus and means are to be provided for taking bearings on whales both on and below the water. a i: v i:

Old St. Andrew's at Mt. Stewart, now burned to the ground, will be missed by many, for it was one of the best known “sign posts" in the history of the province, with which was associated the memorial to the firat Catholic settlers. e n: m r

The Right Hon. E. I Williams, British Minister of Information, is shortlv l6aving the United Kingdom on a brief visit to Canada in the course of which he proposes to acquaint himself with the working of the United King- dom Information Office at Ottawa. Before re- turning to England, he hopes also to spend a few days in the ‘Uliltcg States.

‘i

Magnesia is now being manufactured from sea water in a plant in Cumberland, in the north of England. Before the war the United Kingdom imported all her magnesia from abroad. From magnesia is extracted magnesium, the world's lightest metal, much used in Britain's aircraft industry“ in the war, and with manifold uses in peacetime. w- e it- u Australia, which got ahead of Canada in the United Nations Organization in London, announces that to permit resumption of normal trade with the United Kingdom and other sterl- ing countries 650 categories of goods have been exempted from import licensing requirements and 150 removed from the prohibited list and placed under administtrative‘ licensing control.

New York will henceforth be the world cenre, if, as he French Cabinet have been told, Hyde Park be chosen as the permanent home of the United Nations Organization, which would also mam, of course. that we here would be Pfacllffllll’ next door neighbours. and could cultivate acquaintances-hip with the huge per- sonnel with a view to developing our summer colony.

a e i: a

Rorkeg Drill, lhii dale I879; in the first week of the year war broke out between the Zulus and the British, and before reinforce. merits could be Sent, the Zulus gained headway: at R0rk€’s Drift on the Buffalo River, Natal, a heroic defence of the British Hospital was made by the remnant of the 24th Regiment. de- feated at lsandula, against 4,000 Zulus; in July, the tables were turned, and the Zulus were defeated at Ulundi; but the British refused to annex the country which was subsequently tak- e" by the 50ers; as a British colony later it W35 meffled in the Union of South Africa.

n: n- w a .

According t0 the Ottawa correspondent of the Gazette wliat appeared four months ago to be a "take it or leave it" attitude on the part of _the Fe oral government with reference to their proposed taxation policy, seems to have been greatly modified as a result of the Novem- ber meetings of the coordinating committee, and while some laere are still insistent that continued occupation by the DOminion of tax field is the foundation of the Federal financial proposals it is believed that rather titan completely upset the coming conference certain conclusions will be made. At tiie meeting of the economic coin. mittee between December 4 and I4 the com- mittee examined the financial proposals in the light of the budgets and other materials submit- ted by the various provinces. The health in- surance, old age pensions and tfliemployment assistance proposals of the Dominion were also examined and discussed. Altogether the econ- omic committee had 26 meetings and 8o rep- resentatives 0f the Dominion and Provincial governments participated. Th: co-ordiriating committee will meet on January 28 and the rep- resentatives of each goveinmcnt are now re- turning to teport to their respective premiers on the clarification of detail at the technical level which has been achieved.

l! l! 8 ll

A letter from Mr. H. K. D. Heming, Montreal, appears in the Gazelle as follows: “Sir,—-In keeping with current thought that war memorials should take practical form, I sub- mit to your readers the suggestion that the deeds of Canada's. soldiers could not be more fittingly commemorated than by permanently marking the road they blazed to victory. This road exists in Europe as the ‘Mapla Leaf’, up from the Normandy beaches to Germany, and by renaming highways across England and Prince Edward Island and the Trans-Canada Highway a: "Maple Leaf", "East" and "West" the long trail could be traced back to it: real origin in every Province of Canada. An ea- sential feature would be the use throughout of the handsome ‘Army’ scarlet and black mark- ers with their gold maple leaves, and worded signs in white on a black ground. This would add the necessary distinctive touch and would

give every veteran a thrill of remembrance when once more following the ‘Maple Leaf’. To complete the chain the Canadian Atlantic coir route could be renamed the ‘Maple’ Leaf’ route. Why build memorid: vi:- lble only in 0mm when this project would pro- vide in every Province a symbolic reminder of the thousand: who followed the long road into the unknown in the cause of freedomfy "

lffllil" t

rm: cimiuorrerouw GUARDIAN

Notes Buy 77w Way

Full o! umoheduled thrill: i:

this lob of freeing the oppressed, as when Korea rtand: up to ue- llver a liberty-or-death in the lite- boatr-Winnipei ‘tribune. When "w! flit their eltouldera to the wheel South America, you never can tell how many rev- olutions it will make. ~Saakatoon Star-Phoenix.

A Branttoni woman o! 108 say: that her favorite leading l: cle- tective stories. She should be care- fully watched tor any tendency to- ward Juvenile delinquency. -Pet- erborough Examiner,

The Spanish Government '

that “Communists" have been re- sponsible for a "campaign of de- lnmatlon" against Spain. This is sheer nonsense, including the use ot the word, "Communist." Spain, or rather the Franco Government, has detained lteeit.—Brantford Ex- positor. _

Ex-GJ. Art Mooney, the Hotel Lincoln bandleader, The Christian Century, Chicago, relates, has found a practical use for his 00d conduct medal. I-le lets his lttie nephew wear it when he’: a good boy, but takes it away from him when his Mom reports that. he refused to eat. his spinach, cereal, etc.

Many people seem to think post- office workers and letter carriers are mind readers, possessed of ex- traordinary wers. One letter that was partlcu arly amusing was ad.- dressed to a person, believed to live near St. Thomas on tine of the rural routes. In the left-hand corner ot‘ the envelope was written this illuminating directive: "Lives out a piece in the country." An- other letter was addressed to a woman and after her name up» peared to have been sent on a “wing and a prayer” tor this appeared written at the bottom of the en- velope: "Somewhere 1n St. Thom- as I beiIevefL-St. Thomas Times- Journal.

‘lhe governmenth decision to bulid ten new factories in South Wales to be iet to manufacturers employing n high proportion of etc-miners suffering from silicosis is an important step ln the link-up 0t medical services with industrial rehabilitation. Light Wvfk “ml B steady income which allows a reas- onable diet can do much to arrest the progress o! the disease. Last year there were 27'] deaths from silicosis in coal mining alone. It all miners contracting It can be taken out o! the mines at an early stage and given other suitable work, the annual toll would be considerably reduced. - London Economist.

Among thg characteristics o! the present age, the virtue oi‘ reverence is not conspicuous. It ls indeed an irreverent age. On every side one hears in ordinary conversation the name of the Deity lightly used Persons who would be offended 1i they were classed as non-Christians commonly use the name of the A1- mlghty as they use slang word: and phrases. It is a vicious habit. which. when contracted in early youth, is hard to get rid of. To the reverent mind, even to persons of refined taste though not. o! re- ligious bent, such blusphemous talk ls repellent and nauseous. -Gue1ph Mercury.

We are not too happy about the latest bulletin from the brave neav world, division of electronics and slot. maniacs. The first part of the story is intriguing. An American manufacturer of slot machines has perfected an electronic device for dispensing hot dogs with the old of electronics. When you drop a dime 1n the slot you will get not five salted peanuts but. a tustlly cooked hot daft, complete with mustard or rel sh encased in n roll and wrapped n cellophane. It will drop from the pot piping hot. That's the first verse. The sec- ond takes a good deal of the glou oft 1t. It so ha/ppens that the same new science ls to have other uses. One o! them ls to fix blow- uuts in automobile tires. Instead of the old system of vulcanlzing the tire: with patches, high fre- quency waves wlii generate heat inside the tire walls which will vulcanize the hole from the inside. But 1f electronics will vuicanizc tires, what guarantee have we that

will not, with the same high frequency waves, also vuicanize our beloved hot dozsll-Wlnnfpeu Hoe Press.

There I: a distinct different be- tween a notional anLhom and a patriotic song: “The Marseillsiise" and "Clod Save the King" belong to the former category. “The hliiple Lea!" and "O Canada" to the lat- ter. Nor l: it important to dis- tlngulsh between English, Irish, Scottish and French in any putri- otlc song for Canada, or any other British community of many races. “Ye Mariners of England" was ivi-it- ten by a Scotsman; "Scot: Wha Hue’ wl’ Wallace Bled" is sung an lustliy by Wpishmen, Iilshmen or Englishmen ‘as by Scotsmen. '"I‘l'|ere’i1 Always Be an England" ha: been sung with deep feeling by millions of peo le who never raw England. Petr otlc songs may relate to national emotional phases, historical events, heroic exploits the tradition: o! all or any racial cron-aectlons of a country's popu- lation. In a country such as Cun- sda every long at the kind con- nected with any plum: 0t the country‘: lite put present, should meet with a ruponrq in every gathering oi‘ the rght type of Canadians. The popularity ot “The M‘: 1e Lee!" and “O Can- ada" deep te their fault: and seem- ing "nationalism" l: a wholerome lfgn of the "esprit do cor " of a

g and rent nation of many indrede. ydney Port-Record.

Th: year 1946 will the aihp tatlqn to civilian ule o many do vice: developed by our sclentlat: and engineers dur n: the war which will add ta the world‘: com- tort and convenience. One oi! the most interening o! all i: an auto- mobile telephone, ovar which mot» orlet: on t e high : may corn- tnunioate directly w l: any tel: shone in the counts, any:

iem Ore. Oa ital otn-nai. Do- vlnd ythele “,“ . .. till: urvice will be put to a rue- ticul tut on revere! main hi: way rou in the mid-Wat and at wittin tit: next luv ontiu. o oi thelo route: will‘

The "

(Royal Bank o! Cirillo)

After recounting how standard: of living have advanced 311mg prim. itlve times, the Montiii lotter- q: The Royal Bank 0f S for January tell: how imponlbie it would be to return to the subsis- tence economy o! early Canada and how imperative it i: to keep ad- vancing. "This continent is re- garded from Europe and Asia a: the home of a luxurious mode o! lite" the article continues, “Science has flourished here, .nd it ha: been applied to practical purpose: on a scale never before known "Problems have arisen with the advances. Supposing that the ad- vent ot the machine a: a substi- tute for hand work makes it pos-

ble tor one man to produce the necessl“ for four men, then there are only three courses which may be followed: all tour men may continue producing, but work- ing only a quarter as many hours; the displaced three may turn to new work, producing more and. better goods; or the three may do nothing. All o‘! these have een tried since the steam engine ush- ered in the new system. The first may mean higher prices and lower incomes; the third, even it it were

ractlcable, would be demoraliz- ng for those with nothing to do. Out of the second there come: progress and a higher standard of of living for all touf.

"Even the humbest improve- ment cannot be achieved by such simple devices as those inaugurat- ed by the dlctatorships, like or- dering employers to pay higher wages without increasing prices, or by forcibly withdrawing money, bonds and goods from one section and handing them to another. Those who attempt to plan and manage improvements must know - how changes will affect all the economy.

“In describing and measuring standards of living, family income is more significant than individual income, in the opinion of the bank article, because a standard of 11v- ing is a family matter, including as it does the kind of thin s cus- tomarily enjoyed by tamiieg that class. Some wlii be looked upon as necessities other: as com- forts, and still others as luxuries. The standard will rise as there lr improvement in the quality oi! necessities, or increase Ln the quantity of comforts and luxuries which add to the contentment of the family, and insofar as the fa- mily succeeds in realizing its al- tempted standard of living, it is happy, but when it tries to reach a standard beyond its capabilities, lite for members of the family becomes increasin 1y unstable.

"Most people tli nk of the stun- dard oi living as being based solely u on income, but. there is need to dtferentlete between money in- come, which ls the amount received in wages, salary or from other sources, and real income, which is the sum of the things n family can buy with its money. This is conditioned hy fluctuations in prices and in the supply at goods available

“It is Interesting to look back over the course u! wage income. The wage index in certain main groups of industries rose from 38.1 in 1901 to 101 in 1920. then fell to 85,1 in 1933, and by 1944 ll. had risen to a new high record in these 44 years, 137.5. No figures are available for manufacturing indus- tries at the turn of the century, but 1n 191i the index stood at 45.0, and 1n 1944 it was 141.1.

i I O

‘Unfortunately, the cost of liv- ing index cannot be given tor 1.000, but there is n significant-enough comparison between 1913 and 1945. Whereas in this period the general average wage rate index has in- crcascd 99.4 points, the cost of living index covering the basic needs of a amiiy, has risen only 40 points.

“To enable families to keep track of the trends ln prices and to bud- get their incomes. most countries have set up cost of living indexes. Canada's index is a measure of the month-to-month change ‘n the cost of living of the average wage earner‘; household. It attempts to record a fixed standard of living. and does not take account ot higher expenses due to better living» or wltlor spending."

After outlining the system used in compiling the index, tho ar- ticle presents figures for represen- tative years, on the base 1936-39 equal: 100:

cagu wants to talk to the occupant of a certain automobile somew iere between Chicago and St. Louis, he will first reach "Long Distance," ask for the service operator, and give her the call number of the vehicle. She wlii route the call over telephone wires to one of the trans- mittlng-recelving stations along the highway and then send the signal on to the vehicle by radio. The car occupant will receive an audible and visual signal indicating that he Ls wanted. He will then pick up his dashboard telephone and ans- wer. Under his fingers, a: he hold: the telephone handset, wlii he a "push-to-tnik" button which will permit. him to switch from linen- ng to talking.