_ .`~. . .- , _ _‘_ _ _ _ (_ _,_____. _,nm ____ _“_ _

l 1 ~ _. ' ' _ _. ~‘ "l ». _ , -._'.~_rg. '

~ - I , 1 ~.t -Q.,

'_ » ._ . . '_ . ..»..‘.-ll=?~....

_ =.»~._llc\@‘WH',*2R`f»»1d»‘=_9f8~ ` _ . .1-as cnaamrrsrowh ctulsnrau ' `° , ‘ _

'c f c ~ c f ' ~ ' V .~-=--H - #ir P -2

ZNE ARiA

tlsllvllutor llllus

marsnano slitosrhns mann eros meteors.

~n ls who Poucg"tb /lttmt ms

4Protectf WIIIKNI Friends of Msn, and BQIIUOQ Bfiing Insured Agsllllf HWY! Blorin of Persecu.

_ ab.. by _llhmh loss, rbe,_1u,.,¢

Be Defe_nd_ed From -Natural Foes. Birds appeal strongly to the inte,-_

esta and affections of mankind. Not only do they charm by their graceful forms, harmonious colors, sprightly actions, and usually pleasing notes

but they have an even more ilnpq ,__

tant claim upon our esteem becau j of their great economic value. 'l

Birds feed upon practically all in-

sect pests. They are voracious, able to move freely from place to place, and exert a steady inpuence in keep-_ ing down the swelling tide of insect life. ~ ' _ -

For economic as well as for esthe-

tic reasons, therefore, an effort should be made to attract and pro- tect birds and to increase tllelr num- bers. Where proper measures of this 'kind have been taken an increase of several fold in the bird population has resulted, with decreased losses from depredations of injurious in- sects.

The means of increasing the num-

'ber of birds about the home are few and simple. They comprise adequate protection and the provision of suit- able nesting places, food and water. Protection is the prime' requisite for

“”".`

Fsrmstcsd Surrounded by Trees At- trsets Birds.

5.

increasing the number of birds in any area, and the results of protection are in direct proportion to its thor- oughness. Besides being insured against every form of persecution by human-kind,` birds must be defended from various natural foes. The most effectual single step is to surround the proposed bird sanctuary with u verminzprggf fence. Such o. fence sl'l`b`ul`d` prevent entrance either by digging or‘by_ climbing, but will serve its greatest use if it cannot be climbed and is therefore cut-proof. If it is impracticable to build an im- penetrable fence, the next device is to put guards of sheet metal on all nesting trees and on poles support- ing bird houses. This should be done in ally case where squirrels or snakes are'likei to intrude, as it is. usually impossible to fence out these ani- mals. Tree guards should be six feet or more above ground. Attacks by hawks, owls, crows, lays, or other enemies are best controlled by elim- inating the destructive individuals. _ Although a considerable number of our native birds build their nests on the ground, the nlujorlty place

them in _tgees ol' shrubs, either in holes cr"` u the.limbs or ln the crotches. .Blirubbely and trees for neeting sites, thereiore,l are essential for making a place attractive to birds. Shrubs should be allowed to form thickets and should he pruned back severely when young so as to pro- duce` numerous crotches.

Constant removal of old trees, and

modern tree-surgery, have resulted in a great diminution in the number of tree cavities, the nntural homes of most of our hole-nesting birds. For- tunately, most oi these birds will uti- lize artificial nest cavities, or bird houses. _ Styles of bird houses may be varied almost endlessly. These structures may be improvised by anyone, but they may he purchased also from numerous dealers. -

The most common errors ln put-

ting out bird houses are choosing poor locations and supplying too many boxes. A bird house needs only partial shade, nndhouses on poles usually are taken. Martins prefer a house standing apart from trees.

As a rule birds do not like being

crowded, and if a place is studded with bird houses only a few of them will be occupied. Birds not only do not want bird neighbors too near, but are impatient ol' human med- imllil. and therefore should hlve as much privacy as possible during"the actual incubating and brooding. Nests built in shrubhery are espe- cially liable to come to a bad end if the birds are disturbed frequently. _ _ lf ground-nesting birds, as hobo- llnks, nleadowlarks, and bobwhites, are to be protected, grass' in the nesting* fields must not be out dur- llls the breeding season.

Milk ls “Perfect Food."

Milk is called a "perfect food" he-

csuse it contains all the food 'ele- ments in `neariy.t11e rightnproportion fm' proper iiuirltion and in the most direltibiqflorpb; butter ll probably the most attractive fat and is 100 per cent. digestible; cheese has high prb- tein value and ia a goodsubstltute for meat.

..._____._.__,.__....

_ Killing Frost In N.'BL Frost wllsganoral over a good deal

of New Brunswick on sept. 10th and lith. In one section “everything ox- °°l>t the bsl-bed wire fences" was re- ported frosen, and beans. tomatoes, and other-_ truck suilsrod heavy dsls- llw. Buckwheat-also su smiles- '°$°il;‘___but as the growth in poistois Q' 'i .issuance Lusfwgs gllmiuld

A me or roraross.

¥»s»\ Wdaht or oo Pasha- will' ll. wha" mon* ' ‘ e 90 pounds has ssl standard for a. beg °:);'{,'2,,f:2,'§', §l'f°§:_ f°f.°» lumber of rem. ula

'I ¥°°°\’\ll¥ adopted in most

°f "I9 |1110 commercial potato dis- :;*§“»b;2°f° 110 not. until tblspes- ml' “ ml°lllll°rY for enforcing

llimdlrd. _ The seetionaof the

Ihloection and sale Act respecting the vomit or. ll bushel, lag' of hun of certain commodities, have _my been transferred for admimm-'ation t°'¢|1° Department of Agrieultue, Bgd the Dominion fruit inspectors are _,lil urged with seeing that these sec- ) ‘ml “N wmllllea with. any bbc, ‘"‘°U=°\° B srower. lobbc.-, v whole- saler or retailer, who seuglm- gpm for sale potatoes in any bag ceumm.

illlgtllessblthan 90 pounds, renders him- le ll. e to the enal section 356. D ty pmvmed by

The lack of uniformity in the

V018!!! 0! D888 01- potatoes has been a Srievance in the trade for youu, as U1 mlm! cases bass of potatoes sold as being of standard weight proved, when actually weighed, to eeptgm as little as 74 pounds and in sonlecases even less. While in most cases the failure to give the full standard weight has not been with intent to defraud, the effect on the consumer is the same.

Thou. Blain, many retailers re-

¢°|Yll18 bags weighing less than 80 pounds instead of the 90 required by law, ha-ve perpetuated the evil when selling by the peck or gallon. Instead 0! Bolling 15 pounds to the peck many purchasers have found that they re- WIVGG Only 12 pounds. One pur- chaser who bought a gallon of pota- toes a few days ago found when he weighed them that he had been given exactly six pounds ten ounces, in- stead of the 7 % pounds to which he was entitled; in other words he had paid for 14 ounces of potatoes which he did not get. With the weight oi a. bushel of potatoes clearly defined as 60 pounds, there is no excuse for a peck of less than 15 pounds or u gallon of less than 7 ‘A pounds being offered to or accepted by any pur- chaser of potatoes in these measures.

Hints for Growing Trees.

Don't plant on ground poorly pre-

pared.

Don't plant on raw, new, or soddy

ground.

Don't buy a poor grade of stock.

Consult several nurseries. _

Don't plant late in the spring. Ear-

ly work gives best results.

Don't allow plants to become dry. Don't dig shallow holes. Loosen

up thé soil. -

Don't dig small holes. Tree roots

must not be cramped.

Don't put grassy sods in a hole.

Air spaces will kill the tree.

Don't put manure in direct con-

tact with tree roots. ‘ Don't plant carelessly. You are working for the future. _

Don't trim conlfers when planting Don't plant hardwoods `without

cutting back one-third of the top.

_Don't fail to cultivate thoroughly. Don't let weeds grow. The trees

need the moisture. '

Don't rob the plantation by plant-

ing other crops in lt. '

Don't allow any stock. within the

plantation.

Don't expect a large grove in a

year. Trees gl/ow slowly.

Tomatoes In Alberta.

Ahouttwo acres of tomatoes were.

says the Calgary Herald. set out thll year on the farm of Mr. G, O. Keri. a few miles east of Lethbridge. Th-1 plants were started under glass in Lethbridge and set out on June F. 7 and 8, at which time they were from 8 to 8 inches in height. Three thousand tive hundred plants were set in the plot, some of them three feet apart and some four feet apart. The soil secured was an old pasture which had since been in alfalfa and is protected by a. windbreak of treen on the western side. It is a ver/ rich loam with a gentle south slope and, of course, is irrigated. T110 first of the ripe fruit was available seven weeks after setting out the plants, or about the end of Jlly. Dur- ing the month of AuBust fro_nl\500 to 600 pound of beautiful ripe fruit was taken bif the plot each day.\l\l1<| this rate of production continued in- to September. The total yield oi' the plot is estimated at 35.000 pounds.

Two Good Horses.

The Regina Leader reports that n

three-year-old Belgian stallion, own- ed in Regina, has been pronounced by two veterinarians, experts soul there by the Belgian Government, to be one of the best three Belgian horses now in the entire continent oi North America.

Orion Edwards, of Cheadle. Alia-»

has bought the Percheron stallion Eugene from Layzell & Parr, of Cal- gary. lbr_t4,5oo. Eocene was e yd"- ner at the lows State Fair and the International Fat Stock Show in 1916; he was also fourth in the open .class at the lows State Fair in 1917; also fourth at the Milllwlvfa states Fair. in 1917. Eugene w°" grand championship at .the Edmonton spring show, this year. M14 W" ml” four-yeal;-old champion at the Cs- gary spring show, 1918. »

Results from 11 Acres. Mr. E. lfcCaw, who purchased the

spencer Farm, near Wellinston. ill P.-mob sawn-d county. lm lvflw thrashed 910 bushels of oats fi‘0l1l‘ 11 get-ee, q, yield of over 88 bushels

to the scrs. l

accuses-saves onln.

Headers were used this season ill.

Southern Alberta to save the sh0l'i wheat bmp, with the result that tho’ “gin vga; out on many fields whats othmrlne nothing would” 11!" 119°" secured. ` _ f . _' . " '-' \ [ The mvalltsso of waist 0” brood of poultry li WI* 15° !°‘l_|l\‘¥‘ ln can mal-kat o uniform P19500*

. I ,_ __»,€|.`fl-lu 3 a;.V,_ _

- ...-_ _

_ .. ..

*ron morons* sasrnnans. -

ll‘s1lIssGoodTi.lnetoBtn.rtKoeping. ~ _ Sheep. _ For the man who already has his

land' picked out, and is the possessor of suitable buildings for the purpose df wintering, late summer or early fall is the_ time for starting in sheep raising, and if the. beginner hasstif- iicient confidence in his own ability as a, _iudso of sheep, he hai no better opportunity to select his foundation stock than is provided al; the Fall Fairs. Many of the showlueu. at the big exhibitions will be found to have, in addition to their first prize-wiu- ners, plenty of desirable animals in

their ihow string, especially in the case o young rams. Ewes also can be procured more readily at this sea- son than at any other, and the pur- chaser will have the opportunity of providing his newly-acquired flock with feed at small cost for some weeks to come on grassland that is intended for fall ploughing, and on the stubble fields.

lt is perhaps wiser for the new

beginner with sheep to start with good grade ewes, than to endeavor to get into the pure-bred line immedi- ately. Experience with the less valu- uhle animals will ilt him-to produce fancy Bock headers and exhibition stock later, and in the meanwhile his profits from disposal of wool and mutton Mil be satisfactory provided he proves e. good shepherd. The dis- _posing of any considerable number of top notch pure-breds, on the other hand, is somewhat of a business, in which a man requires, iirst a 'repu- tation for his stock and second a wide connection in the breeding fraternity. The use of only the best in the way of rams is necessary, however, in any case, and it goes without saying that the ram must be a pure-bred.

Although the high prices for wool

have been responsible for attracting increased attention to the business of sheep raising within the past few years, it must not be forgotten that lamb and mutton has always formed an important part of the meat supply of this country and that the price of these commodities has increased al- most equally with that of wool. The breeds of sheep best suited to the conditions of soil and climate in Canada are oi’ what may be termed general purpose type and therefore the sheep raiser here is in the happy position of being able to find a sat- isfactory market for the product of his industry in two directions. At the same time, it may be remarked 'that the demxlnd for such grades oi' wool as can be produced to advan- tagehas improved more considerably than has the demand for wool in general. However, wool of any grade, to be an asset must he sound, strong, bright and of length consist- ent with the average for the grade, and ileeces in the grease to obtain high prices,\ according to weight, must show reasonable freedom from an admlxturo of foreign matter. These requirements naturally indi- cate the importance of care in feed- ing and tending sheep oi' any breed that are intended to produce wool to advantage.

The grading of wool-according to

its fitness for certain lines of manil- factllre is governed chiefly by the relative ilneness of the fibre and this feature depends on the breed of the sheep that yields the particular' fleece. _Grading standards ln the United States are established on the basis of Merino blood and. the Lana- dian grading corresponds very close- ly with this, because of the fact that the finer wools are the more hiShlY valued under existing demand for the fabrics they are suited to pr0dl100. though latterly it has been found possible to utilize the coarser wools to better advantage than formerly.

To offset this disadvantage exist-

ing in 'the lower valuation of; his wool for quality, the coarse-wool raiser has the cdtlantase of c greater yield in weight of wool by each in- dividual sheep. and if local conditions are especially suited to the course- 'wooled breeds, and more especially if a large carcase is a matter con- sidered deslrable by the raiser, he will, on the whole, do best by stick-

Acc|ording to the latest information

available, the acreage of winter wheat in Ontario in the present yeai' was only about one-third the average annual acreage for the past thirty-six years. Th°e decrease was largely due to the iight acreage sown last autumn and to the unusually large amount of winter-killing. It was estimated that fifty-six per cent. of the winter wheat was ploughed last spring. A considerable amount of the crop

lou hed was sown

either in patches or over whole areas.

purposes this autumn. Those having a surplus of good winter wheat suit- able for seed purposes could report to their county agricultural represen-

One of the greatest surprises in a

year that has been full of surprises is the way in which the corn crop of Ontario has come on in tile last few weeks. Fields that seemed certain to prove utter failures in June and ear- ly July are now showing excellent growth; better, indeed, than that of

ing to the report of the Ontario De- partment of Agriculture, is much be- low,tlie normal, but in most of East- ern Ontario, at least, the yield per sore promises-to l_eav.e little to be

ired.

das

Phenomenal Potato Yield.

tstoes on one acre, 451? pounds ro tract ol land near Ksosb. in the

* 1- 1 . . ` "ttf lil. wel sl- ‘ e `

f fl - , . _ , ,, ,, __ _, _ ,_ . .. , ._- -~'|;-*°~‘ -l ,,. _ .- ,» }’,~,~,-it fly'-ii“:‘\l'*' ,~-~:.¢»~ .Ah l ~»‘ ' "7 . » ‘s

, ` _ -1 n ips I. .i , tb

,A _ `- .

s _ ,_ .

:sein -_-. ’. '_ - sy. ~- -

'J »` H V.

'libs _ <~. _ _ _ __

B_E$T`iiUlllE Filil SWINE

Po`m‘ABI.n House nricommnn- - - En av axrnare.

The 'Advantage of Movable Cot ls

It Can Be Easily Changed _#Wind Pastures _ Wooden

' '~ 51100011 But Not Neces-

_» sary, and Should Be Higher Than

Level of the Ground.

A 'well-drained site` should be se-

lected for the 'hog house and, if png. sible, there should- be suilicient elevc. tion to give the hogs a climb ln l°80»¢liill¥ it. lf practicable the house

;lill0\lld`°°c\\DY the south side of a

l. Principles of construction: Four

1111901131" 11111188 should be observed in hog house construction; namely, light, ventilation, warmth, and clean- liness. Light is provided by placing the house along a north and south line and by putting in suitable doors and windows. Doors, windows, and roof ventilation furnish a proper in- terchange of air. Hogs need good ventilation as well as people. A well- constructed house with good floor and bedding provides sufficient warmth.

Let it be remembered that the hog

has little natural protection from cold; hence the necessity for com- fortable quarters. Cement makes a satisfactory floor, but in colder cli- mates lnust be covered with wooden

Good_Type of individual Hog House-

.Thls House Has s Number of Win- dows and Doors which Can Be Open- ed to Provide Ventilation When Westilor Conditions Permit.

false floors. A good floor makes it much eabier to keep the house clean. The arrangement of tile ilouse should be sucll that the beds and feed floors are well separated.

There are two general classes of

houses-large community or station- ary, and small individual or movable. The large house has individual pens: and is intended for quite o. number of hogs. The advantages of the large house are: It is more economical for a large number of hogs; it is conven- ient for feeding and affords provi- sions for saving manure. If the house is to be quite large it is usually ad- visable to arrange tllc puns in lwu rows with an alieyway between thelll. The alley should be 4 to 6 feet wide unless it is desirable to llave.spnue for the passing of zl. wagon. In that event the alley should be 8 to 10 feet wide.

The individual house, ns the nume-

suggesis, is intended for one hog or for a sow and her brood. One decid- ed utlvantuge of the individual ul' portable house is that it can be nlov- 'ed from place to place and can thus

be kept sanitary and made accessible to pastures. There are two general styles of individual houses, namely, tile box-shaped with foul' upright walls and the A-shaped. The dimen- sions should be 6 feet by 10 it-ei, or 8 feet by 8 feet. Wooden iiool-s are good, rut not necessary. The

H15 10 me bfelld he mncies' _ door should be higher than the out-

side levci of the ground to insure

/ 5‘“'0 A" whem S°°d' !dryness, All houses should be sllili-

ciently lligll to perlnit thc attendant to nlove about tllelll with conlparu- tive freedom. By placing fenders on the walls ll few inches from the door, individ`unl houses may be used for farrowing pens. `

When a nunlber of sows are kept

on a farm it may be desirable to hllve a regular iarrowing pen. A snlall house provided with fenders serves as a farrowlng pen. Fenders may be lnade of 2 by 6-inch scuntling alld ilrxnl attached to the walls of tfie

which was left unp 8 _ y with barley, oats or BDl'|l_1S wheat. pen solne 6 inches above tile-.floolz

The object of tile fender is to prevent

it ls. ll\€l`€f0l'€. 610290111815’ imD0l‘~ the sow overlying young pigs. um; that farmers make the be!! D08- i --l-_-- sible use of their good wheat for seed I Mite” In |_{eph0“He_

A common and troublesome para-

site affecting fowls is the roost-lnlte, when these become sufhciently num- erous they not only infest the nests,

tative or advertise through the press. _but other pans or me poultry house'

i especially cracks and crevices as well

Onmnds Com crm' roo ts. These mites are lnucll

as tile S like tiny spiders in appearance and are often called spider-lice by poul- trymen.

Roost-mites are easily exterminat-

ed by applying coal oil to all infested parts of the building. As prevention is better than cure, it pays to paint the roosta every four br six weeks

average years. The acreage, accord- during me warm weather' as it is

in the presence of heat that these pests increase most rapidly and. are most active. " -

-_ U. 8. Sugar Cane Crop Good. The eros of the sugar cane crop

of 1918 in the United States is esti- mated at 533.880 acres, or twelve per

' Wh.st'ia claimed to be _die vrorld's' h _ record production of lhhrketsble :|n:§g1r;3';frt in th' "mul repo"

9° l f .

_sg 825 bushels, has been in de on an ' “Roush mr 3|, y°,.wm_

The Winnipeg Tribune reports that

,'°“""“t°" ‘,°°“°° °‘ 0% mit T potatoes enough for six persons for

osllmlrls srltl. sltallr. '

Next Peace Move Is Awsited With

_ Interest. _

WASHINGTON, Oct. 21.--So many

conflicting reports about a. German reply to President` Wilson have come out of Holland and Switzerland during the past few dsys that om- clals here are disposed now to believe nothing on the subject until the text `of“l. note is received either through oiliclal channels or‘from an unques- tioned unofliclal source.

German Q_o_vgrnment organs an-_

nounced Wednesday that the reply had been despatched, and since then the newspapers of border neutrals have heard almost hourly that the note was on its way or about to-be sent or would not be sent for several days. They have given varying stor- ies of its contents. A circumstantial story of how the reply was held up at the last moment for further con- sideration after a stormy meeting of members of the Berlin Government with the military leaders and sove- reigns of the German states, appeared to observers here to have the color of truth, and it is regarded as en- tirely possible that the same thing happened again later in the week.

Every version of the probable na-

ture of the reply under consideration if not adopted, indicates that the Ger- mans are preparing to come forward with what they, at least, will expect the world to believe is al long step toward meeting conditions whicll President Wilson has said must be met before there can be any thought of an armistice or discussion of peace. Whatever may be the substance oi' the note, it is believed here its form will be designed tu maske it didlcult for President Wilson tolavold further exchanges,

According to onelof the reports the

Germans will agree to evacuate'Bel- Slum and to abandon provisionally unrestricted warfare, but will dispute the right oi’ foreign powlers to med- dle with German internal affairs. An-~ other says’ the offer will include im- mediate suspension of submarine warfare, political guaranbees and an nrmistice, "which the Alrllerican and German high commands will arrange on the battlefield."

A despatch from Madrid saying

the Spanish Government had been informed that all German sub- marines had been ordered to their bases appeared to support sugges- tions that abandonment of the U-bent campaign has been determined upon,

s.i'rTLlNc ,lN Rlissll.

Bolshevik! Suffer Defeat \Vlth Bear y

Losses. .

LONDON, Oct. 21. - Bolshevik

troops advancing toward- Yeknterln- burg have been severely defeated by Czeoho-Slovak and Siberian forces. The Bolsheviki lost 1,000 men killed, as well as three armored trains, .11 locomotievs and 60 machine guns. ~

The Don Cossack volunteer army

and other detachments have sur- rounded thc Bolshevik forces in the nortllern Caucasus, says a despatrll from Kiev. The retreat of the Boi- shevikl to Astrakan and Tsaritzyn has been cut otf.

Compelledto \Vit.lldru.w.

ARCHANGEL, Oct. 18. -- Allied

forces on the Dvlnlt have been with- drawn a. little over six miles because of an zltulck by greatly superior forces, which had been reinforced from Petrograd and apparently com- manded by competent otiicers. 'Zire withdrawal was successful under a severe bombardment.

At lust reports the Bolsheviki rv-

inforcenlents were reported advanc- ing and the Allied forces. were under a hail of shrapnel shells and "poni- poms." Occasionally a 6-inch shell from ll. Bolshevik gunboat or ll. land battery wollld strike.

The _positions abandoned by the

Allies were held for a week against greatly superior forces. The Allies operating along the Dvina and Vega rivers have been handicapped by it fall of tile water, which left boats stuck on sandbars and barred pro- gress by gunboats at critical tlmles.

Sofia. Was Pillaged.

SOFIA, Oct. 21. --The abtlication

and depnri_ul'e of King Ferdinand put an end to it reign of terror. All the German troops have already left Bul- garia after committing great devas- tations_ _About a thousand rail car- riages iilled with grain, food, provi- sions und ammunition were pillagetl and transported to Germany. Pil- lages of public property amount lo half a billion francs. The losses lai- together from private property blown up and railways, bridlges and tunnels destroyed. amount to a billion francs. Former Premier Radoslnvoff ded wltll: the withdrawing Germlrn troops. The Entente-war prisoners are already bc- lng released and aresoon expected to be sent to their respective countries. British and I~‘renlch military oillcers, headed by lt French colonel and a British lieutenant'-colonel, havearriv- ed. The Entante military men make a favorable imprmslon for smalrtness and courtesy on their part since the conclusion of thevarmistice. Murphy. the American'Charge d'Aifs:ires here, is an object of general attention and public sympathy.

Liberty I.osn»0ver-subscribed. WASHINGTON, Oct. 21. -- Prob-

ably 25,000.000 or more individuals bought bonds of the fourth Liberty Loan, unomcisl reports reaching Washington to-thy showed. A large proportion of these tiled their sub- scriptbns during the last few days of the campaign. which ended Satur- day night. Consequently it will be a task of many dsys_to actually count the number of pledges and to wm- pile reports from the enltire country. The only omcial ngures in hsnd heme were of Friday night, showing abotl: 81.400.0001.000 yet to 'be.subsol-ibed. Despite thh lack-of doiinite informa- tion, omcisis were oonildent that the! $8,000,000.000 popular war credit had hoenlover-subscribed. _

fowmilesgvcm the Arizona telino I 1 ~ W »»~»~= ~»» » 1- ~ .‘“‘..':.‘°°.°.*::.'°;°.'::::".°°.::s"'°

F' iff-» 1‘~»-°»i~»»~»~¢.»i- "’.

» .J tj... 1, l I

ment.-Governor Gltblsno of the

”$?°°-.°f_qi‘°°_°° ‘”_°d_“l-°°_!_._9.°'

_m ,JJ-~»vv“"~`~.- -n

LOSSES Bl' INSECQB.

Watch for Evidence of Injury and Apply Remedies. ' Maximum yields of gl-nln lnust be produced not only during the presellt year but for several years to come. Tlle,present international situation renders tllis imperative. Insects are responsible for great reductions in grain crops annually, but such losses are largely preventable. , The injuries caused by insects often remain uu- noticed except where their 'work is very conspicuous.

A great portion of the :lnuual loss

to tile grain crop due to insect in- juries can be avoided by vigilance and vigorous action on the part of the grain growers. *insect outbreaks frequently originate witllin limited areas, und when tilts is the case it is often possible to stump thelll ollt before any great damage has' occur- red. In other instances the out- breaks arc of general origin, and tllcn conllllllniiy action is essential in order that tile inroads of the yast may be overcolne. The most serious insect enemies of cereal crops, such as the Hessian ily, the cllillcil bug, and white grllbs, belong to the latter class. In the case of these and tltllrr widely-distributed foes of tile grains no llleuns oi' stopping their ravages will be fully successful until colu- nlunity action can be secured in adopting tile methods of combat at present advocated by enlomologists.

Full plougiling. doubtless, is the

most universally beneficial practice for the control of the insect pests of cereal crops, and this measure should be adopted except where it is ren- dered impossible by local agricul- tural conditions. Corn never should he planted on freshly broken sod land, because this practice is almost certain to expose the crop to the rav- ages of cutworms, wireworms, and white grubs. Crops belonging to the beau family, such as cowpess, soy beans, clover, alfalfa, etc., lnay be interposed safely between sod and grain alld especially between sod and corn, in order that injury to the grain crops by these pests may be avoided. -. `

Keep in close touch with your

county agent, provincial experiment station, or federal entomologlcal sta- tion. Report. all serious insect out- breaks to these ofiicials and seek their expert advice in all C2505 Of doubt regarding treatment for, or identity of, insect pests. Have a supply of insecticides and a practical spraying olltiil. on hand at all times. Watch your crops.

Don't Forget Your Silo.

"Don’i. forget your silo," is the

advice to the beef cattle farmer by specialists. ln every case a sufficient acreage to provide crops to fill the silo should be provided by beefcat- tle farmers. This will assure that the silo investment will yield its proper

'--'-"£1-====_=§:-2 ~ .=-"~- _

f .ei.eia1ei€s'.2.ts;=r.._..' " E r.._I§’

lr-_,~,,,_,_-_,_,,_______,_'-' §_';r;_- 3:13; - _-

A , _ _

'_-.-=>_, ‘ __ '>= ~ -,'-=.'_i_"-55:15-_-'_ :=f-;1»=~'-if .2 1- 3.; ;;f=; " ._ . ' _;"€-2.’-_5f§’-?`ifj§§’§l"!‘»_i1%7R~z w _ - ' V'-e=§=i.1§a¥.f2b§?.=:f<::f_ .2 '.;§f;'j`_f;;§§ 1,5; = . ~ =~s-.z=l~'l'g_‘; 1.. ,=/<<'=s==-_;.;. ,_ -V I ;”'_f=.,.

_ ~

_ -_ "".,f'1.1 =`i`i;'>“=rE; "’;'_'Z_'5L’="-~f>‘= 'asf -.

_Two Excellent Silo Types.

annual return and prevent losses coming from giving the cattle lllore expensive feeds. Tile comparative cheapness with which cattle can be fitted for market with silage insures that well-illled silos will be a paying investment. lt is good farm prac- tice, the specialists say, to put more acreage to silage crops than it is esti- mated under ordinary conditions will be necessary. This provides for un- anticipated shor,tl1ge.

Increased Production _of Rye. _Greatly increased production of

rye‘.is, says illv Brandon Sun, one of illu nlltrlleli developments oi' agricul- tl|ral`.nctivity, Canada in 1917 pro- dllcoll 3,857,000 bllsllels of rye - a million lnore than in the previous year'--and wllile wheat will always be the prenrier crop of the country, and while Cazlada is still a very long way behind Russia. France and the United States in the production of rye, there are indications that the future will sae greater attention paid to this cereal than previously. The consllnlption ui’ rye bread instead of wheat bl-esld is gl-ven as one of the

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‘ 0 ' I ‘ ‘ ‘ - 9 ' 'x

FARMERS' MAICKUI. ~

TORONTO. Oct. 21.-The follow-

ing al-c the quotations on the htm- ers' Markeiz- _ _

Eggs, new. per os. ..

ullt going st....

Butter. farmers' dairy

Dllrltllllgs, lb, ._ . . . ..

Geese, lb_

Sprink chickens, ln. .. .

liollilll; fowl. lb. ._ . . . . . .

_ 'l‘urke,\'s, lb_ . . . . .

‘arm Produce, Wh

Huy, No. l. per ton...$8i'00 to 523% Hay. Na_ 2, per ton... 1 2|

Slruw, rye. per ton.... Straw, loose, per ton.. Straw, oat. bundled, per

ton .. . . . .............

Dairy Produce, Rrsll-

li-00 “N 1000 ill

1500, 110

8 owl

il'i6 045 04.1 03|

E. =¢e¢o¢eo o .

uhawmdn

L' 3o.»q.¢»~\.»e~o

I. H

W5! 04! 03!

cog *=° c°‘='ooe°3

“N Q"'*70¢!L-'I"¢.'l

233 0-I o-;=°o~=\l-¢'~¢.

lv _ rv °

Butter, creomery, solids o

Butter, dairy, lil. _ _ . . . . ()leolllal'ga|'llle, lb_ .. _ .. Eggs, void-storage, dos. -..- liggs, new-laid, dot. . . . use Cll~ new lb. . .. .,,,

--eo ...-

038 040

tene, . . . . .

Cheese, llew. twins, lb. Eggs, new-laid Honey. 5. 10 and 60-ill

pails, per lb . . . . . .. . ..

llolley, sections. each.. Pure Lard- _

'l‘icruc:i, lb_ 20~ib lil.

41

,pl s ...-

l‘oulld prints . ... ..-._

Shorterllng-

Tlerces_ lb_ . . . . . . . . ....$0 28 to |....

L0-lb. pnils ............327 . ...s Pound prints . . . . . . . .. . 38% ...- Fresh Meats, Whclsssie.

Beef, hlndquarters, cwt.!!! 00 to $25 0|

ll sid K. 20 00 21 00

1700 1900 1700

N .-3.'-‘»£'.`»'¢5I.‘5'~ eoeoevece eooooe-cog

Beef, c oice es, cw Beef. iorequartcrs, cwt. Beef, medlun\_ cwt... Beef, common, cwt. . . _ l-zllnbs_ spring, lb. . . . . .. . Million, cwt_ Venl, No. l, cwt. Veal, medium Hlgs, 120 to 150 lbs.. cwt. Hogs, heavy. cwt. Poultry Prices Being Paid to Live-Weight Prices-

Chickens, spring, lb... Fowl_ under 4 lbs.. . . . . Fowl, 4 lbs. and ovar. . Duckllngs. lb. _ . . _ . .. . _ Turkeys,» young. lb. . . . . Turkeys, old. lb. . . . .. . .

D ecl-

res:

Chickens, spring, lb.. _ Roosters, lh_ Fowl, under _4 lbs. . . . . .

Fowl, 4 lbs. and over,l

Ducklings_ lh, . . . . . . ... Turkeys. young, 1b.... . Turkeys, old. lb . . . . . ... ,,,,

CHICAGO GRAIN MARKET.

J. P. Blckell & Co. report the foilowinl

prices on the Chicago Board of Trade.

Prev.

C Open. High. naw. Close. Close.

orn-

Oct. 117 B116

Nov. 120 121% 119%. Dec. us llc i151.,

67 67% 873'(

Oats-

Oct_ .. . . 22

66 662 65".. 65% 65 Gila

.....N34.80 N35.w

35 'iv

33320 SSSSU

23 W‘ Producer.

to 5....

....

oooooog ooooog

UOQIDBBXKCQ IDKASOUXDUIQ eleteebtselo evils..-ov-

.no .ua .nb .us

S 1..

P'

`l`z'2 lisa ss e7 66%

ess 5%? :sr w

Pork-

Oct. . . . . . . ... Nov. .....

Lard-

Oct, 25.45 25.20 25.20 Nov. 24.35 24.20 24.10 . 1'

Ribs-

Oct. 21.25 21.25 20.00 20.90 ` NOV. 21.40 21.40 21.l7A20.¥2

Nov. Dec.

..... .....BS5.00 ..

25.50 I5.n; 24.55 24 1|,

were .nm _~. -

CATTLE MARKETS

UNION STOCK YARDS.

TORONTO, Oct. 21. -- Receipts of

live stock of all kinds at the Unto.. Stock Yards for to-day’s market con slsts of more than 300 cars, witr. 550 head of cattle, 3466 hogs, 170|; shocp and lambs and 268 calves.

CHICAGO LIVE STOCK. (‘lli<';lgo. Dui. 19.-Hogs--Recolptl, IL 000; lllurltet mostly 25c to 500 lower ths.. Friday's general trade; some mixed ar.-1 packing grades showing 75c declin__ early wp. 8l8.l5: practical top late, $1='. bulchers_ 317,25. in $18.15: light, Sl6_'.`. K0 $17.90; ilfwklnif. $15.65 to $17; rough. $14.50 lo 315,25: piss. good to choic»».

$14.50 fu $15.25.

Cattle-Receipts 3000; compared wilw

a week ago: better grades of medluzl and westem steers, 25c to 40s hlghy common light. 25:: lower; beef cattle g,|..', canning stock, llnevenly steady to 25.- lnwer: DUNS. 251: to 50c lower; calve_ :Seb to Si lower; feeding cattle fb..

g. . ` '

El*

Sheep-Receipts, 15,000: 'compared ww.,

a week llgu, fat classes, 25c to 50c low. er; feeding and breeding stock, uneven. ly. 50c io Sl lower; elves declining most, EAST BUFFALO LIVE STOCK. East Buffalo. Oct. 19.-Cattle-Re~

ceipts. 1000; dull. _ .

nlgalves-Ilecelpts, 150; $1 lower, $1 1.;

Hogs-Receipts, 2li00; slow, l0c to 1 _

lower; heavy. $18.65 to 31335; mlxgg

and yogkers, $l$8.50 to 818,55; light york. Hrs on piss. 17 lo 017.25; li ¢ lcq§lc.2G: snags. flz lb S14. mug " "

_ esp :ln b-R .

lambs. 50c lower;a?m:bs, e;:1e0|p2,' uaggggl balance unchsn ed. ` '

s

Advance Toward Danube.

PARIS. Oct. 21. - The Allied ad-

vance northward toward the Danube continues without slackening, and s statement from the French War Of- tice Saturday night reported the oc- cupation of -Kniajevatz, 25 miles northeast of Nish, and near the Bul- garian border. Along the Morava Serbian troops have reached Trsto~ nlk, west of Kruchevats. The state- ment reads:

"On Oct. 17 and 18 the Allied

troops made new progress towards the north. On the right Franco- Serbian forces occupied Kniajetss, and are marching on Zaietchar. In

reasons for the increased production. There was m time when ignorance of its food value had created a preju- dice against-rye bread in the great wheat-eating countries; but thi’ U9' .cesslty of conserving wlleat has re- sulted in the adoption of rye bread, and simultaneously we have all dis- covered llow palatable it iB-

Doukllobors Can Fruit.

The C.I’.R. has shipped 300 cars

more -of fruit fronl British Columbia points than were shiplwll up to the .same date last' year, but total ship- ments nre not expected to exceed tllosc of,lust season.

Douklmbol-s in one of \he‘B.C.

fruit districts have devoted o. lot of

Pttention \io preserving fruit, and arge qualctitles are being prepared for shipmgrlt. Within two years they expect in be able to ship out 200 cars of preslrvcd fruit.

Increasovof Sheep In U. S. ~ ’

The U.° S. Department of Agricul-

ture estllnates tbrli. ho!! lil U16 Unit* ed States have increased by 8.8 per cent.,~ cattle by 3~.8 per cent. and sheep by 15 p.c. in`\the last year.

' Oat straw is yielding- a ton and a 'half per acre at Cloverdale, B10., and

a-_-mn;-\_er IM- _